nima mohammad nejad khiavi

Considering the antibacterial effects of medicinal plants and the side effects of chemical drugs, replacing chemical drugs with herbal drugs is of particular importance. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the chemical compounds in the extracts of Uritica dioica L., Mentha longifolia L., and Tragopogon collinus collected from the vegetative regions of Meshgin Shahr and compare the therapeutic effect of their combination with that of ciprofloxacin against common bacteria of urinary tract infection.

The main phenolic compounds of the desired medicinal plants were identified using HPLC after collecting from the original habitat and extraction by the maceration method. Then, the antimicrobial properties of the combination of extracts against common urinary tract infection bacteria were investigated and compared with those of the ciprofloxacin drug using the disk diffusion method. In addition, the MIC values of the combination of extracts at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml against the studied bacteria were determined in 3 replicates.

The main phenolic compounds identified from the hydroalcoholic extract of Uritica dioica L,. including catechin and rutin, Mentha longifolia L., including gallic acid and quercetin, and Tragopogon collinus including ursolic acid and caffeic acid. According to the obtained results, it was found that the mixture of plant extracts shows relatively similar antimicrobial properties   to ciprofloxacin.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that the mixture of extract of Uritica dioica L., Mentha longifolia L., and Tragopogon collinus medicinal plants by conducting more studies, especially at the in vivo conditions, can be a suitable product for treatment of urinary tract infection.

Malva sylvestris is one of the most important plants used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and health industries in most developing countries and has antiseptic properties. Salvia officinalis is an herbaceous plant belonging to the family of Lamiaceae (Labiatae) and one of the most important herbal plants used as a disinfectant in traditional and modern medicine. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate essential oil components of Malva sylvestris and Salvia officinalis collected from Meshgin Shahr Ardabil Province, Iran, and their anti-bacterial properties on common bacteria of oral infection, compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash.

In this research, Malva sylvestris and Salvia officinalis were collected from the Anzan region, Meshgin Shahr, northwest of Iran. The essential oil was extracted by Clevenger apparatus, and gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry devices were used to analyze essential oil compounds and accurately measure the compounds. Afterward, the effect of the essential oil of these plants on the common bacteria of the oral infection was evaluated through disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA).

According to the results, the essential oils of Malva sylvestris and Salvia officinalis had significant inhibitory effects on different types of gram-negative and -positive bacteria. The comparison of the mean growth inhibition zone of these plants' essential oils with chlorhexidine showed that the antibacterial property of the plants' essential oil mixture on Streptococcus mutans was higher than that of chlorhexidine mouthwash, which was significantly different. On the other hand, a relative increase in the diameter means of the growth inhibition zone was observed by plants' essential oils mixture on Klebsiella pneumoniae, compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash, which was not significantly different (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was found that the essence of these herbs showed relatively similar results to that of chlorhexidine.

According to the findings, the essential oil of Malva sylvestris and Salvia officinalis had a good anti-microbial effect against the common bacteria of oral infections. As a result, the mixture of essential oil of these plants with different concentrations, after performing more comprehensive studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the indigenous medicinal plants of Iran and its antibacterial effects have been proven in some researches. In this research, the antibacterial effect of Ginger essence and comparison with chlorhexidine on some of common oral infection bacteria was studied. The essential oil of Ginger was extracted by Clevenger's apparatus, GC and GC/MS devices were used for analysis of essential oil compounds and accurate measurements of the compounds. The effect of the essential oil of the Ginger and control on the common bacteria of the oral infection were evaluated using two methods Disc deffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of antimicrobial tests showed that ginger had a significant inhibitory effects on a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It was also found that the essential oil of this medicinal plant, in terms of antimicrobial properties, showed relatively similar results to chlorhexidine mouthwash. Ginger essential oil had been shown to have good antimicrobial effects against common bacteria in oral infections. As a result, the essential oil of this plant with different concentrations, after completing studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections.

Salvia officinalis is an herbaceous plant that belongs to the family of Lamiaceae (Labiatae). Salvia officinalis is one of the most important herbal plants used as a disinfectant in traditional and modern medicine. The aim of this research was to study of antibacterial Effect of Salvia officinalis essence and comparison with chlorhexidine on some of the common oral infections of Bacteria.

In this research, Salvia officinalis was collected from the Anzan Meshgin-Shahr area in the northwest of Iran. The essential oil was extracted by Clevengerchr('39')s apparatus, GC and GC/MS devices were used for the analysis of essential oil compounds and accurate measurements of the compounds. Then, the effect of the essential oil of the Salvia officinalis and control on the common bacteria of the oral infection was evaluated in two ways: Disc diffusion And minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

According to the results, the essential oil of the herb has a significant inhibitory effect on the types of gram-negative and positive bacteria. Also, comparing the diameter of the non-growth of the plant with chlorhexin, it was found that the essence of the herb medicine showed relatively similar results to that of the chlorhexin.

According to the findings, the essential oil of the herb has a good anti-microbial effect against the common bacteria of oral infections. As a result, the essential oil of this plant with different concentrations, after completing studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections.

Malva sylvestris, one of the most important plants used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and health industries in most developing countries, has antiseptic properties. Therefore, this research aimed to study essential oil components of Malva sylvestris juice collected from Meshkinshahr and its anti-bacterial property compared to chlorhexidine mouthwash on common bacteria of oral infection.

In this research, Malva sylvestris was collected from the Anzan Meshkin-Shahr area in the northwest of Iran. The essential oil was extracted by Clevengerchr('39')s apparatus, GC and GC/MS devices were used for the analysis of essential oil compounds and accurate measurements of the compounds. Then, the effect of the essential oil of the Malva sylvestris and control on the common bacteria of the oral infection was evaluated in two ways: Disc diffusion And minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC).

According to the results, the essential oil of the herb has a significant inhibitory effect on the types of gram-negative and positive bacteria. Also, comparing the diameter of the non-growth of the plant with chlorhexidine , it was found that the essence of the herb medicine showed relatively similar results to that of the chlorhexidine.

According to the findings, the essential oil of the herb has a good anti-microbial effect against the common bacteria of oral infections. As a result, the essential oil of this plant with different concentrations, after completing studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections.

The identification of the seas has led to the production of many products for humans, one of which is algae, which bring many benefits to human daily life. Study of the technology and economic aspects of algae production shows that they can be used in various aspects of material production. Algae are used by humans for food because they are rich in minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, and proteins that are found inside cells or in cell walls. Algae also have a wide range of applications in this field due to their special polysaccharide compounds as well as special medicinal compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance and role of seaweed in industry and their pharmaceutical and biological applications. Therefore, in this review study, the role and function of seaweed in various industries, including food industry and medicine, as well as their role in the environment are investigated.

Malva sylvestris is one of the most important plants used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries is the health of most developed countries. The juice is a potent anti-oxidant strong disinfectant. The leaves and flowers of this plant have a great application in the provision of Medicine and treatment in traditional medicine. In this research, Malva sylvestris was collected from the Anzan Meshgin-Shahr area in the northwest of Iran. The essential oil was extracted by Clevenger's apparatus, GC and GC/MS devices were used for analysis of essential oil compounds and accurate measurements of the compounds. Then, the effect of the essential oil of the Malva sylvestris and control on the common bacteria of the oral infection evaluated in two ways: Disc deffusion And minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). According to the results, the essential oil of the herb has a significant inhibitory effect on the types of gram negative and positive bacteria. Also, comparing the diameter of the non-growth of the plant with chlorhexin, it was found that the essence of the herb medicine showed relatively similar results to that of the chlorhexin. According to the findings, essential oil of the herb has a good anti-microbial effect against the common bacteria of oral infections. As a result, the essential oil of this plant with different concentrations, after completing studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections.