seyedeh zahra hashemi

Many patients with COVID-19 show long-term physical and mental symptoms. This study aims to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in a hospital in Qazvin, Iran.

This is a cross-sectional study. The study population consists of all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Bou Ali Sina Hospital in Qazvin city. A two-part questionnaire was used to collect data; the first part surveys demographic characteristics, history of death due to COVID-19 in relatives, history of underlying disease, days of hospitalization, history of intubation, and history of hospitalization in intensive care units. The second part was the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23 using ANOVA and logistic regression analysis.

Participants were 206 patients with COVID-19. The data showed that 12.8% of patients had high suicidal ideation. Younger patients were at a high risk of suicide (Mean age: 31.96±12.59 years) (P<0.001). In addition, patients who were single (P<0.001) and had a history of death due to COVID-19 in relatives or friends had higher suicidal ideation (P=0.005). 

About 12.8% of patients with Covid-19 admitted to the study hospital had a high suicidal ideation. There is no considerable difference between the prevalence of suicidal ideation reported in this study and the data reported for the general population of Iran before the pandemic.

 Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric diseases that affects the patient’s family members in addition to the patient himself. This disease can lead to depression and anxiety in the family members of the patient and even affect their functioning.

 The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a short-term family psychoeducation course on the depression and anxiety family functioning in caregivers

 In this before-after clinical trial, 163 first-degree family members of patients with schizophrenia were invited to participate in a short-term FPE course. A total of 65 of this group attended the first training session. Prior to the first session, the beck depression inventory (BDI), the beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the family assessment device (FAD) were completed for the participants based on a family functioning model. Six months after the end of the FPE course, the 36 subjects who had completed the initial questionnaires and fully attended the sessions were invited to complete the questionnaires again. A total of 31 subjects completed the questionnaires again at this stage. The data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software using Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon rank tests.

 The mean age of the participants in both stages of questionnaire completion was 48.64 ± 11.85 years. Among them, 16 (51.6%) were female, and 15 (48.4%) were male. Also, six (19.4%) subjects had an education above high school, and mothers were the most frequent participating family members with a frequency of 11 (35.5%). The anxiety and depression scores of these subjects were 10.8 ± 5.14 and 6.9 ± 2.45 at baseline, respectively. These scores decreased significantly after six months to 5.03 ± 2.48 and 4.40 ± 1.9, respectively. In addition, among family functioning, Role and Behavioral control was significantly improved (P-value < 0.05).

 The results of this study showed that depression and anxiety levels decreased in the family members of the examined patients six months after an FPE course. This effect can be further investigated through studies conducted with control groups. These findings suggest that the integration and institutionalization of FPE programs in the healthcare system are essential for improving the status of patient caregivers with severe psychiatric illnesses and their families.

Oral diseases are one of the most prevalent human diseases, especially among the children and more than 99% of people suffer these diseases. Factors that are associated with promotion of effective behaviors have an important role in reducing these diseases. Associated factors with oral health behaviors among female primary students were investigated in the current study, in Zabol, based on the health belief model. In this descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 1390, 287 female primary students of Zabol were randomly selected and studied. Data were collected with completing the questionnaire that was designed based on health belief model. justifiability was determined through expert panel and reliability by Cronbach`s alpha (N=30, =0.77). SPSS18 software was used for data analysis. According to results, the mean score of student`s behavior was 3.72 from 10 and approximately 30% of them performed the desired behaviors. Among studied variables in this model, there was a significant correlation between perceived barriers and self-efficacy with the behavior. Also the main source of student's information was their parents. Oral health behaviors in the studied population were poor. According to the results, for improving oral health behaviors by training programs in the students, some factors such as increasing self-efficacy, overcoming the obstacles and considering the role of parents are necessary.

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2003، sedentary lifestyle has led to 1. 9 million deaths worldwide. Despite many benefits of physical activity، more than 60% of adults worldwide and more than 80% of Iranian adults are inactive in terms of physical activities. Studies in Iran show that women’s health in this domain is at higher risk than men. Trans-theoretical model is a model that is known as a comprehensive model of sport. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education in physical activity among housewives in Zahedan، Iran. In this case-control study، 220 housewives (aged 19-52 years) living in apartments in Zahedan were studied (110 subjects in intervention group and 110 subjects in control group). Blocks sampling method was simple random sampling، then sequence number، the other blocks were sampled until sampling was completed. A multi-sectional questionnaire containing demographic characteristics، physical activity، stages of change and decisional balance were used. Its validity was determined by content validity and its reliability was determined by Cronbach''s alpha. This study indicated that before training، there was no significant difference between groups in terms of awareness، attitude and structures of trans-theoretical model. However، after the training، a significant increase was observed in the mean scores of awareness، attitudes، and model structures in the intervention group (P < 0. 001). According to the study، educational intervention on physical activity was effective. Corresponding institutions should include universities and other centers to develop and implement physical activity training programs.

Women of all ages are at risk for developing breast cancer. More than 90% of patients can be treated if diagnosed early. However, most women do not perform a regular BSE (Breast Self-Examination), which is an effective and inexpensive way to prevent considerable cancer-related death and morbidity.
This study was performed to investigate the impact of Health Belief Model (HBM)-based training on BSE behavior.
Patients and The study involved a controlled intervention performed with 200 women referred to health centers in Zahedan; 100 women were included in the intervention group and 100 other women in the control group. Before undertaking intervention training, a questionnaire designed according to HBM principles was completed by the subjects. The intervention training was then carried out with the intervention group using a lecture, question and answer sessions, and a film. Two months after the intervention, the questionnaire was readministered. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software, an independent t-test, a paired t-test, and a chi-square analysis; P The independent t-test showed that before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in mean knowledge scores or HBM parameters among the control and intervention groups (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found after the intervention as the mean knowledge score increased and the HBM parameters differed in the intervention group (P 0.05). Before the study, the percentage of women who regularly performed a BSE was 7% in the intervention group, but this was increased to 51% after the intervention.
It seems that a training program based on HBM principles is effective for inducing BSE behavior. Also, based on the findings of this study, there may be a need to increase the awareness of the perceived severity of breast cancer and the possible benefits of BSE and a self-efficacy approach to health. It is recommended that training programs emphasizing such changes be designed and implemented.