ارزش

By assessing the functions and ecosystem services of protected areas, planners and decision-makers of land use planning and sustainable development at the regional and national levels can be of great help. The present study specifically assesses the water and soil resources in the Gandu Protected Area and the economic valuation of these services. In order to model the ecosystem services of water balance, soil conservation and water quality, the hydrological model based on WWPSS remote sensing data was used. The simulation was carried out using a series of one-degree square mosaic images (one hectare) on a monthly scale. The Invest model and the replacement cost method were also used for economic valuation. The results showed that the total water produced in this area is 401,205,344 cubic meters per year. Also, the minimum, maximum and average water budgets are all negative and are equal to -1492.76, -38.04 and -639.24 mm per year respectively, which indicates a lack of rainfall and intense evaporation and transpiration in this region. The average potential pollution of surface water is 4.5% and this region prevents 2 tons per hectare of soil erosion annually. The real economic value of water production and soil conservation is estimated to be 20.18%, 67.54 and 2729.65 billion rials in 2019, respectively, with inflation correction. Three scenarios with discount rates (compound) of 8, 12 and 15% were used in the periods of 5, 10, 15 and 30 years to determine the economic value of the functions of these resources in the future. The results showed that, for example; With a discount rate of 15% and over a period of 30 years, the economic value of the water production and soil conservation functions reaches 4471.82 and 180730.13 billion rials, respectively. In total, the economic value of the water production and soil conservation functions is 0.35 and 14.17 percent of the total value of the region.

Human is the most superior creature of God and summary of creation pivot. Holy Quran says that human value is result of his own endeavor. “and that man doesn’t have anything except what he tries for it”. From Nahj- al-balagha perspective, human is a social creature and has many capabilities for ascendancy and ascension to human’s highest positions. From view point of Molaye Motaghian Imam Ali (Alayhiṣ ṣalāt wa as salām), belief and face is the most important element of human’s existence, Hazrat knows value and dignity of any human as equal as his ambition and endeavor and knows human’s self as an essence whose nature is his personality. From Imam Ali’s look, human is a social creature with many capabilities for ascendancy and ascension to human’s highest positions.

Freedom has always been one of the most important concerns of human life and is of particular importance in all theological and material schools. Among the schools, Islam and liberalism's perception of this category is very common and there have been many discussions about it. The concept of freedom has the most important place in the intellectual system of liberalism. Liberalists have presented negative definitions of freedom, in the sense that in order to achieve prosperity, a person must be free from all constraints, which, of course, is limited only by the freedom of others in order to avoid chaos. From the point of view of Islam, although freedom is considered one of the highest human values, it is a valuable freedom that is on the path of worshiping Hazrat Haqq. In this logic, real freedom can only be obtained through God's service. In this research, which is a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to discuss and explore the intellectual foundations of the mentioned definitions and interpretations while examining different definitions of the concept of freedom in Islam and liberalism. Finally, this article, by rooting in different ontology and anthropology in Islam and liberalism, has compared the relationship between freedom and concepts such as law, spirituality, value, limitation, ideas, thinking and justice in two schools.Freedom has always been one of the most important concerns of human life and is of particular importance in all theological and material schools. Among the schools, Islam and liberalism's perception of this category is very common and there have been many discussions about it. The concept of freedom has the most important place in the intellectual system of liberalism. Liberalists have presented negative definitions of freedom, in the sense that in order to achieve prosperity, a person must be free from all constraints, which, of course, is limited only by the freedom of others in order to avoid chaos

This study aims to examine the role of media, particularly new media, in reinforcing values through hero cultivation, focusing on the analysis of opportunities and challenges.

A qualitative research approach was employed, consisting of 14 interviews with experts in the field, including scholars and university professors, as well as leading media practitioners in new media (virtual space, interactive social networks).

According to expert opinions, the current approach to content management in new media is centered on media practices that serve hero cultivation. By strategically planning, guiding, and shaping the content of multimedia heroic productions based on artificial intelligence, it is possible to introduce culturally and value-driven heroes with high appeal through uplifting content aimed at youth. This approach seeks to move beyond the stereotypical portrayal of sadness and lack of appeal in new media for role modeling.

This research aims to "explore the concept of the value chain in Iranian cinema" using a grounded theory approach, which addresses causal conditions, intervening factors, contextual conditions, strategies, and outcomes. In this article, only strategies are considered. The statistical population includes experts in the economic field of cinema, university professors, producers, etc. The sampling method is theoretical, and the data collection tool in this research is unstructured in-depth interviews. After interviewing 15 experts and transcribing the interviews, theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was conducted based on the seven-step method of Glaser; open, axial, and selective coding. To ensure the validity and reliability of the research data, four criteria of Guba and Lincoln (1989) were employed. Ultimately, it can be stated that strategies such as the necessity of allocating resources and costs in line with cultural objectives, the need for indirect and systematic government intervention, the necessity of delegating activities in the value chain to the private sector, preventing discrimination in the implementation of supportive laws, avoiding unprofessional and superficial government support, and the need for specialized management in the economy and culture in the supply and demand sectors are effective in this regard.

In this study, an analysis was conducted on the lifestyle of a group of women who hold an esteemed and elevated position in Iranian public opinion, with the aim of identifying the individual and social characteristics of women who exemplify the ideals of the Islamic Revolution. This research employed a descriptive content analysis methodology with an inductive approach. The sampling method was purposive, utilizing the snowball technique. In this regard, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 wives of martyrs who defended holy Shrines. The coding process was implemented at three levels to identify concepts, subcategories, and main categories. The findings revealed several key aspects in the lifestyle of women who exemplify the Islamic Revolution, including modesty in dress and social relations, faithful and uncomplicated marriages, trust in God and practical belief in the afterlife with detachment from material pursuits, affinity for the culture of martyrdom and martyrdom-oriented living, loving and honest relationships with spouses, enthusiasm for cultural and social engagement, and adaptability and patience. These categories were subsequently classified under two main themes: “Religious Commitment” and “Social and Economic Tolerance.” Indeed, the lifestyle of the wives of martyrs who defended holy Shrines exhibited two significant characteristics: in matters pertaining to their personal and religious domain, they demonstrated strict adherence and high religious sensitivity; whereas in aspects related to social dimensions of life, interaction with the surrounding world, and material benefits, they showed flexibility, high adaptability, and detachment. This distinctive combination has differentiated this segment of Iranian women from others in society. It is hoped that by promoting the lifestyle of these exemplary women, steps can be taken toward the development and enhancement of Iranian women’s lifestyle in general.

This study endeavors to show the dominant values, ideology and modality of “The Pear Tree”. Values, ideology and modality within the discourse is interrelated, and modality can be useful to analyze the production of values. Value analysis in this short story is related to three distinctive fields. First, social reality representation within discourse is value laden. That is, each conceptual system is full of values which implicitly affect people. Second, speakers with positive identities can create values. Third, implicit values in context evoke emotions. These values are identified within discourse of the narrative. Moreover, values, attitudes and power relationships beyond them are depicted within this short story. Therefore, contextual analysis is combined with intertextual forms to analyze values. Then the related motivational values are illustrated as binary counterparts.

One of the challenges in the field of energy, along with limited resources and environmental problems, is the growth of electricity consumption particularly in the household sector, which requires knowledge of the society and consumption behavior to modify the consumption pattern. The purpose of this research is consumption clustering, based on economic-social variables.The research method was quantitative and with a survey strategy that 1081 people from all over the country were questioned with an online questionnaire. The validity of the variables has been confirmed by experts in the field of energy. The findings show 6 consumption clusters: "extravagant consumers with high income", "economical consumers with high income", "extravagant consumer with median income", "economical consumers with median income", ", "extravagant consumer with low income" and "economical consumers with low income" which each of clusters have obtained different scores in "awareness", 'values", "lifestyle", and 'material culture". The results of the research indicated that due to the difference in the social and cultural base, despite the same economic base, the people have different energy consumption practices, and for implementing effective policies on the demand side for different groups, we need specific solutions for that cluster.

A Value Proposition is a clear, persuasive, and valid expression of the experience that a customer can receive from services or products and is associated with the idea of what specifically a business can offer to its customers and why the customer chooses a particular company and its products or services, preferring them to competing products or services and being willing to pay for them. However, the historical development of this phrase has not been considered, and over time, its meaning has evolved. In addition, translation as a tool for the linguistic transmission of concepts, especially in different cultural contexts, has always made it difficult to achieve the meaning and concept desired by the original author. This is because translation is the translator’s understanding of the original author's understanding and expression, and based on it, they choose the words they want. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the words that provide the most understanding of the original author. For this reason, the present study seeks to analyze the semantic expression of the Value Proposition.

To analyze and review the term "Value Proposition," a hermeneutic approach has been used. Documentary methods and library studies have also been used to collect information.

Based on the findings of the research, the term "Value Proposition" has a two-way nature that is created in interaction with the customer; therefore, it requires participation and acknowledgment from them. This is even though the translation of the offered value is not included in the proposition, and this linguistic format presents the determination of values to the customer unilaterally and does not fit with the co-creation of value and the participation of the customer at the beginning. Therefore, it will not evoke a proposition that can actively be true or false on the part of the customer.

Since the value of a product or service will only be meaningful if it fulfills the customer's real need by hearing the live voice of the customer, the authors recommend the use of "value propositions" instead of "offered value." They believe that in a value proposition, it is possible to check the truth or falsity, or in other words, to measure the approval or disapproval of the value of the service or product by the customer or the receiver of the service. In this way, the customer can play an active role. The term "value propositions" is composed of two words, "propositions" and "value," and the truth and falsity of the goods or services and the value provided can be agreed upon in the interaction of two parties, which will also result in their mutual commitment to each other.

It is highly believed that often the addition of philosophy to a science is the analytical and rational meaning of that science. The combination of philosophy and law promises the science of law. Philosophy, as the mother of science, enriches the intellectual foundations and basis of the scientific field. In this comparative study, there are three philosophical critical views regarding the law of modern technologies and the certain realities of contemporary society, as follows: 1) Technology as an independent force that meets the requirements of society determines 2) technology as a human construct that can be shaped by human values, and 3) a common evolutionary perspective on technology and society that accelerates emerging realities and values; the comparative analysis of these three perspectives is vividly discussed in this article. It is placed and it is argued that all three of the mentioned cases still have a great impact on technological changes and how they affect the society. This is also true for artificial intelligence.

Moral values have always been of great importance; however, in the present era, due to the growth of technology, the increasing spread of mass media, cultural invasion, cyberspace, the enemy's combined and strategic warfare, and the special position of the Islamic Republic of Iran, moral values are of particular importance because, on the one hand, their absence causes the spread of factors and motives for corruption among individuals in society, especially youth, role models, and figures, which impose irreparable consequences on individuals and society. On the other hand, acquiring desirable moral traits, adhering to morality and spirituality in all aspects of life, and purifying the heart from moral vices are among the most important Quranic topics and, in a sense, the most important goal of the mission of the divine prophets. Leaving these emphases and invitations leads to deprivation of the blessings and valuable effects resulting from values, to the point where neither religion has any meaning for people nor their world is organized. But unfortunately, statistics, newspaper incidents, numerous enemy movements in our country, numerous moral corruptions in the political, economic, scientific, and cultural fields, and the leadership's emphasis on the necessity of morality and spirituality in the statement of the second step of the revolution, and the concerns of families and cultural activists indicate that moral virtues are fading and moral vices are growing in the waiting society, especially the youth. Therefore, this article, relying on the verses of the Quran and searching in the narrations of the Infallibles? Ahem?, discusses solutions that can be used to revive, grow, and expand the moral values that have faded in society. Strengthening faith and belief, recognizing values and introducing them, providing basic needs, enjoining what is good and forbidding what is evil, presenting and introducing successful models, employing methods of encouragement and punishment, creating a favorable educational environment, insight, enemy identification, and optimal, accurate, and targeted use of the capacities of domestic mass media can be considered among the most important solutions

Worldview is a necessary introduction for the correct understanding of any epistemic system and a basic basis for drawing the ideal perspective of knowledge. Political thought has a decisive position in the governance of political systems and political thinkers have a prominent role in achieving a desirable future. Also, drawing the position and position of political thought is directly related to the efficiency of governance of any political system. In this regard, knowing the worldview of political thought in the framework and period of the rule of the Islamic Republic of Iran, can help to draw a solid position and a clear horizon for this knowledge in accordance with the needs of the Iranian-Islamic ecosystem. This research tries to make use of the interdisciplinary knowledge of futurist studies by relying on the perspective drawing method, to determine the central worldview of political thought based on the top documents of the governance of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to build a bridge from the field of political thought to the future-oriented policy making of political thought and the way to achieve to smooth the progress level pattern. Based on this research, the central worldview of political thought emphasizes the unbreakable link with monotheistic religion and Islamic Sharia, and it has been seen in conjunction with Shia political jurisprudence and benefiting from human reason and knowledge

One of the hallmarks of a favorable normative system is the building/existence of congruence among symmetrical rights, duties, and responsibilities. The right of self-determination is a fundamental human right in various legal and ethical domains. This paper is focused on establishing compatibility between this fundamental right and its subsequent duty and responsibility. Man has the natural and social mechanisms to determine his own destiny. Is it appropriate to give him the right of self-determination in the moral and legal laws, which may cause him to ruin himself and others? Is it unreasonable for righteous rulers to determine human beings’ fate to improve their well-being? On the other hand, considering their fallibility, is it not possible that they become dictators who may ruin themselves and others? Then, can humans be held responsible for their own destruction? This paper aims to answer these questions in a descriptive, analytical, and critical manner. The answer implies a compatible system of thought, mainly based on the distinction between the moral and legal aspects of the three aforementioned concepts.

Today, the role of start-ups in the economic development of societies is such that it has a significant share of planning and studies at various levels, including policy and business management models. Startups have to overcome many obstacles as they grow and mature, and non-dynamic and non-innovative groups rarely escape these developments. Therefore, in order for start-ups to be able to survive in a dynamic business environment, they need to have key marketing capabilities in a pattern that fits their life cycle, Accordingly, this research is defined with the aim of identifying marketing capabilities in start-up companies. In this regard, from a methodological point of view, it is an exploratory research that is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of variables, and was conducted in a cross-sectional time horizon and with an inductive approach in a real and non-laboratory environment. Also, the geographical area of those start-up businesses located in Science and Technology Park, whose data was collected in the second half of 2019 and the first half of 2010. This research has been implemented in three main stages. In the first stage, the marketing capabilities have been identified and extracted using the literature review and previous studies. The method used in this step is systematic review. The reason for choosing this method is the accuracy and completeness of the scientific use of the main researches to minimize mistakes and random errors, and to identify the largest possible number of related studies on this issue. At this stage, the statistical population has all available valid articles and books of the last 20 years, and the validity of the used researches has been evaluated using the Kasp method. At the completion of this stage, using in-depth interviews, the list of marketing capabilities of Nova businesses has been completed. In the second step, the importance of marketing capabilities in the life cycle of start-up businesses was determined using a field survey and using a researcher-made questionnaire. At this stage, the statistical population has been the co-founders of startups based in the Fars Science and Technology Park Growth Center, and the participants were determined based on the list received from the Growth Center, based on access. The statistical population at this stage has been 242 active startups in this center, based on Cochran's relationship and with an error rate of 10%, the sample size of 69 cases was determined, and 56 questionnaires were completed based on accessibility and willingness to cooperate. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by formal method and based on the opinion of two academic experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.726).In the following, the average of the collected data was compared using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, and based on the significance of the average difference, the important capabilities at each stage of the life cycle of start-up businesses were determined and the final model was presented. Based on the findings, 56 features were identified and grouped into 13 categories. Names of groups: communication capital management, product management, marketing systems and resources, operational capability, distribution, marketing research, marketing human resources management, brand management, customer management, promotion and advertising, diversification of marketing methods, sales management, digital marketing. As a management recommendation, startups can use this model as a scientific tool for decision-making and problem-solving of the marketing capabilities of their businesses. In addition, the use of this model can help start-up companies in a dynamic business environment, by recognizing important marketing capabilities at different stages, strengthen these capabilities and add to their previous capabilities. Also, scientifically, this model has led to the expansion of the scientific scope of innovation of business models and can be a basis for research related to the management of start-up businesses.

The impenetrable position of ethics and human values, placing all areas of human life under the umbrella of ethics and untying ethics from various ethical dilemmas, makes it necessary to explore and evaluate the works and manifestations of ethics. Reaching the high peaks of human morality and dignity is not an easy task. God's success, knowledge, courage, steel determination and a will like a firm and stable mountain are needed. There is no doubt that knowledge is a powerful lever to motivate and move beyond ethics and overcome crises. With this definition, the approach of this article is a descriptive analytical method, examining human values and moral works in the light of managing spiritual crises, with the focus of the words of Amir Momenan Ali (P.B.U.H). Paying attention to the theoretical foundations of ethics in Imam Ali's words, which is based on several principles, is effective in building a society free from moral vices and promoting the culture of self-management and the will to avoid contamination and sins. This approach is ultimately indicative of a new research to express the point that values and morals are the highest capital that God has destined for man, and by knowing them and by providing basic solutions, a person - facing  a full of conflict and crisis world- can live in the shadow of  peace and devine values.

Given the potential impact of blockchain technology on the banking industry, it is crucial to explore how this technology influences business models within the sector. This understanding can provide valuable insights into how value is created, delivered, and captured in banking. The main objective of this article is to present a blockchain technology framework as applied to fintech in the financial and banking sectors. This study employs metacomposition to identify key factors, the fuzzy Delphi method to evaluate, refine, and localize the model, and the Dimetal technique to analyze relationships and effects. The research involved a systematic review of 849 articles (ranging from 1395 to 1402 in the Iranian calendar for domestic articles, and from 2016 to 2023 for international articles), from which 73 articles were selected and analyzed using content analysis. Subsequently, 7 dimensions, 23 components, and 102 indicators were validated and localized with the assistance of 17 experts. In the final stage, these dimensions and components were prioritized with expert input, leading to the extraction of the final framework. The results indicate that fintech-driven blockchain technology enhances value creation in the dimensions of innovation and technology, transparency, security, quality, speed, business models, and collaboration, providing strategic capabilities to financial and banking businesses.

IntroductionThe fields of economic development based on digital economy are increasing in countries, through the use of Information and Communication technology and through the creation of knowledge-based companies. Knowledge-based companies in order to increase knowledge and wealth, economic development based on knowledge and the realization of scientific and economic goals in line with the expansion of invention and innovation and finally the commercialization of research and development results have been formed in the field of superior technologies with added value. Based on the digital economy, it is widely influential, therefore, examining the value roles of these companies is of particular importance. New concepts have been proposed in the economy with the title of "smart economy" and among the necessities of the new economy is a structural change from an industrial economy to an economy in which data, information, non-physical assets, services, communications and networks are among the characteristics. They are Words have been proposed for this new economy, such as: "knowledge-based economy", "borderless economy", "weightless economy" and "network economy". The smart economy is basically based on information, communication and innovation, and in which the combination of network technologies and new business models create completely new markets, industries, businesses and work processes that shape this economy. Smart economy emphasizes on results and achievements (life and business) and its result is evolution and fruitfulness in the field of economy and digital technology and it emphasizes more on information and communication technology as an industry and infrastructure of information and communication technology. The main features of the digital economy are based on knowledge and the use of information and communication technology (ICT)MethodologyThis research intends to specifically answer this question: "What factors and components play a role in the formation of value co-creation in knowledge-based companies in ICT region?" In order to establish the model of value co-creation in the companies under study, and in this way, fill the stated research gap and while presenting the model of co-creation in this field, expand the realm of value co-creation literature and the results of this study helps to create comprehensiveness and develop knowledge from a theoretical perspective. In order to achieve the goal of the research, more than 230 researches and studies were extracted from the qualitative method (using a systematic literature review) and among them 64 articles and studies were analyzed in depth.Results and DiscussionIn this research, the identification of factors affecting value co-creation in knowledge-based companies in the field of Information and Communication technology (ICT). In the general classification, all these factors can be divided into five main categories, stakeholders and actors of the ecosystem of knowledge-based companies, main factors affecting value co-creation, background factors affecting value co-creation, and factors interfering in co-creation. Due to the fact that the process and what are the effective factors and components in value co-creation are not clear and its achievements and results are not presented in a consistent format and framework, it is indicative of its serious lack in the discussion of value co-creation literature and there is a research gap that focuses on the formation of value. It is obvious that it should be paid for all the stakeholders in the knowledge-based companies of the ICT field, therefore, the researcher was encouraged to do so by presenting the value co-creation framework and by considering all the elements and components of the value co-creation between the organizational stakeholders, by creating study fields, observation gaps and cover the gap between existing studies. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to provide a framework for Value co-creation, to create and develop strategic capabilities in knowledge-based companies in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) in the relevant business ecosystem, so that they can use their organizational assets to Valuable resources and capabilities, in order to present to the market and customers, and cause the survival and development of companies.ConclusionValue Co-creation as one of the basic theories in the scope of strategic management and innovation management, therefore, the main goal of this research is to identify the effective factors and provide a framework for Value co-creation (joint creation of value), for the creation and development of strategic capabilities in knowledge-based companies. It is in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) and it is trying to help the survival and development of organizations by identifying the main stakeholders and actors of the business ecosystem in this field and by creating a value network. The value and results and consequences of co-creation of value, which each of them includes the number of these 5 categories, 17 subcategories and 72 codes and in fact, they represent the factors that play a role in the formation of value co-creation in knowledge-based companies in the field of ICT, and their multiplicity indicates that it is not enough to just consider a few general factors (like many articles that had such a view). It can be indicative of the formation of value co-creation in the field of study, because we are dealing with a mysterious phenomenon affected by various factors. In addition, the dimensions of this time complication become more apparent when we know that there are effects and influences between these factors that lead and lag behind each other.

Many of the most prominent political theories have been written in response to the loss of coherence or the sense of danger of disintegration of the order, and have forced humanities thinkers to evaluate the stabilizing elements. Why and how despite political conflicts and lack of consensus, social collapse does not occur? Basically, every thinker has provided a solution to this question and solving this crisis according to the time and geographical period. The social order that is placed against disorder and insecurity depends on the type of relationship between the government and civil society as well as social contracts. In the period of anarchy and social crises, governments try to overcome the crisis and prevent collapse by strengthening solidarity factors, whether value-based factors or fair distribution of wealth or by coercive means. In the era after the Islamic revolution in 1357, with the formation of a political system based on religion and with the centrality of Shiite jurisprudence, crises and disorders have arisen, and each of them has had different reasons during the last four decades, which in this research at different stages of the factors Instability and its solution tools have been investigated.