جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تولید" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Education along with finding ideas and creativity fostering in schools, especially in conservatories is of particular importance. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories of Golestan province.

This study was conducted with a qualitative approach. The statistical population of the present study were experts familiar with the field of research, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people of them were selected as a sample with using the purposeful sampling method. The tool of this study was a semi-structured interview, which the validity was calculated by the content method 0.76 and the reliability was calculated by the agreement coefficient between two coders method 0.89. The data of the present study were analyzed by coding method in MAXQDA software.

The findings showed that the model of education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories of Golestan province had 56 components and 11 dimensions. The dimensions of the mentioned model were included content and organization (with 5 components), curriculum goals (with 14 components), teaching and learning strategies (with 7 components), connection with the labor market (with 3 components), participation in curriculum production (with 2 components), training and consulting (with 4 components), principles of compilation (with 3 components), evaluation (with 7 components), location activation and production facilitation (with 5 components), continuous interaction with scientific centers (with 3 components) and curriculum features (with 3 components).

Specialists and planners of the educational system, especially the education system of conservatories according to the identified dimensions and components can provide the basis for improving education along with production based on idea finding and creativity fostering in the conservatories.

In this study, we seek to test the causality of financial stress with production and inflation in recession and boom regimes. For this purpose, the effect of the study variables during the period of 2001 to 2020 is analyzed seasonally by using the Markov Switching-VAR (MS-VAR) rotation and regime change model. Based on the results of the analysis of the flow of causality, at the 95% confidence level in the first regime, financial stress is the causal factor of production growth. Therefore, in the stagnation regime, there is a causal flow from the side of financial stress to production growth. Also, based on the results of the reaction shock functions in the recession regime, an increase in financial stress generally has a negative effect on production growth, and a one-way flow from the side of financial stress to production growth is established in both regimes. Also, based on the results of examining the flow of causality, it can be claimed that financial stress is the causal factor of inflation changes in the recession and boom regime, but in the opposite case, the flow of causality does not apply and inflation is not the factor of financial stress. It should be noted that a large part of the increase in financial tension in Iran's economy is due to political tension, government financial tension, currency tension and finally monetary tension due to the failure of the Iranian society in internalizing the economy and its stability.

Climate change is among the vital phenomena related to human societies, and its consequences have been demonstrated, particularly in recent decades, with varying intensity in many regions of the world. The importance of climate as one of the fundamental aspects of human life has never been as significant as it is today in macroeconomic and social issues. Analyzing climate change's economic impacts necessitates precise national and local analyses. Although numerous global studies examine the economic effects of climate change, limited research has been conducted at local levels within countries, especially concerning Iran. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive analysis of the susceptibility of the country's provincial economic production to climate change by utilizing a new dataset of weather conditions in the provinces from 2000 to 2020 through the random forest algorithm of machine learning subsets. Studies indicate a significant relationship between weather and sectors beyond agriculture, forestry, food security, tourism, health, fisheries, livestock, mining, and energy. Weather conditions can directly or indirectly impact various economic sectors, and their effect on economic activities is inevitable. However, research results regarding the impact of weather fluctuations face varied findings. Drought, with a higher recurrence than floods, poses more significant challenges to the economy on scales beyond local levels.

Since Ashura rituals and their rich literature have significant semantic and formal capacities, this article aims to present a suitable model for ritualizing content produced for audio-visual media using the capacities of the Taziyeh ritual. It seeks to provide new practical formats for audiences.

The research method is qualitative, using narrative analysis. Two versions of Ashura Taziyeh assemblies were reviewed for similarity or lack of coordination, considering categories such as music type, rhythm, performance type, and program format and function in audio-visual media.

Based on the findings of this research, radio has been able to use a spectrum of short programs to offer various forms and program formats worldwide.

By introducing and proposing a format called "Beit-Story" for informing and educating users, it is possible to witness the preservation and introduction of an important part of Iranian-Islamic culture and its development in the growth and attraction of global audiences in this field.

Today, due to the increase in complexities and uncertainties faced by manufacturing organizations, the production of products faces planned/unplanned events that happen during the production life cycle. Meanwhile, some factors can have a significant impact on the success or failure of the organization, and the most effective of such factors is the occurrence of delays and disruptions in the production and delivery schedule. Some of these factors are caused by the nature of the industry, which is difficult to reduce/eliminate. The effect of many other factors can be reduced and sometimes eliminated. Most of the manufacturing-related literature focuses on providing solutions to the issues that lead to delays. The neglected point in the literature is to identify the underlying factors that lead to delays in the production schedule and delivery of products and to provide a comprehensive framework for identifying delays in production environments. This study aims to reduce delays and optimize production time by identifying and ranking the possible factors causing delays in production organizations based on the review of the literature related to production and empirical research.

Design/methodology/approach

: This research includes a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a more detailed analysis of the dimensions related to the problem. First, four types of production systems, i.e., engineering to order, manufacturing to order, assembly to order and production to warehouse have been described, and then these production environments have been compared with different aspects. In the following, by reviewing previous research and benefiting from experts, factors affecting delays in production projects have been identified and localized, and the weight of each criterion has been determined using Shannon's entropy method. Finally, by applying this model in the manufacturing industries of Iran and using the TOPSIS technique, the causes of delay have been ranked.

Due to their nature, production systems are exposed to risks caused by various delay factors. The results indicated that engineering based on order, manufacturing based on order, assembly based on order, and production for warehouse are exposed to more risks, respectively. The most important causes of delay in each production system were among the other results. Based on the findings, it seems that manufacturing organizations, knowing the nature of the system, rank their system in terms of delays, and prevent unfortunate events in this field by careful planning.

Research limitations/implications:

 The extent of industries and manufacturing companies in identifying comprehensive criteria contributed to the study. However, from the point of view of specialization of the results, every industry must obtain relevant results by implementing the proposed approach according to the type of its production system. Therefore, more context-specific research is needed to examine the unique aspects of organizational cultures that include social, political, economic, technological, personnel, and personal considerations. Therefore, future studies should provide the analysis and findings in each case because each one will bring distinctive and unique findings in its case.

Practical implications:

 Accurate identification of the production system used in manufacturing industries and the main causes of delay can provide managers with a more effective view to prevent destructive consequences.

Originality/value:

 This study investigated the causes of delays in various production projects in Iranian manufacturing organizations. No research has been performed on investigating the reasons for delays in various types of production environments in the manufacturing organizations in Iran, as a developing country exhibiting differences in the aspects of cultures, social, political, economic, technological, personnel and personal.

One of the factors affecting production and employment in one economy is investment. In economic literature, capital formation is the driving force of economic activities and economic growth patterns are based on the use of capital and labor. Despite the importance of investment in production and subsequent employment in the economy, unfortunately, in recent years, capital formation and the level of investment in the country have been very low due to several reasons such as economic instability. Therefore, it has created major problems in the field of production and employment in the country and its different regions, and it is necessary to make a codified and coherent planning to increase production and employment in the country. On the other hand, the first step for planning and making policies for the growth of production and employment is to identify the factors affecting them and to examine the effectiveness of each of these factors. The point that exists in relation to investment at the sector level (different economic sectors) is that the potential of creating production and employment (direct and indirect) of different economic sectors is different from each other. For this reason, investment in different economic sectors can have different effects on production and employment at the level of the sector as well as the whole economy. Among the reasons for the difference in the production potential and direct employment generation of the sectors, we can mention the difference in technology used in different sectors. In this way, some economic sectors have a high direct employment generation coefficient and some others have lower direct employment generation. Among the reasons for the difference in production potential and indirect employment generation of the sectors, we can also mention the difference in the communication and links between the sectors of each of the sectors with each other. Sectors that have more links with other sectors have a high potential in production and creating employment due to a certain amount of investment. Therefore, it can be said that in addition to the total amount of investment in the economy, the relative share of the sectors in the total investment, or in other words, the structure and composition of the investment is also effective in the production and employment of the entire economy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of investment expenditure change on changes in output and employment in different economic sectors in Iran. In this study, structural decomposition Analysis (SDA) in the input-output model between 2011 and 2016 have been used. To do this, first, the investment demand matrix in the economy was divided into two matrices, one is the investment composition (structure) matrix and the other is the total investment matrix. The investment composition matrix represents the share of each sector in the total investment in the economy and the second matrix represents the total investment in different sectors of the economy. For the calculations of this study, the input-output tables of the years 2011 and 2016 are needed. The statistical table of 2011 and 2016 was obtained from Iran Statistics Center. In the next step, both input-output tables were aggregated based on the availability of employment statistics in 18 sectors. After that, to remove price effects in research calculations, input-output tables should be converted to constant price. In this study, to eliminate the effect of price changes between 2011 and 2016, the table of 2016 was converted to the constant price of 2011 with the double deflation method. For this purpose, the price adjustment index of eighteen sectors has been used. Finally, this adjustment index was used to convert the 2016 table to the 2011 price. The results of this study showed that the increase in the level of investment (with a constant composition) has increased the total production of sectors of the economy by 2361599.59 billion rials, but the change in the structure of investment (with a constant volume) has reduced the total production 5224865 billion Rials. Changing the composition of investment has decreased 509620 people and changing the volume of investment has increased 3021509 people in the total employment of the economy. Considering the negative impact of the change in investment composition on production and employment in Iran's economy, it is suggested to prioritize investment in sectors that have higher production and employment coefficients in the economy.

Employment and production are the main elements of every country's economy, which leads to its strengthening, prosperity, and economic development. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to examine the foundations and jurisprudential mechanisms ofproduction and employment with an emphasis on knowledge-based economics.

This paper is descriptive and analytical using library method.

Ethical considerations: 

In this paper, the originality of the text, honesty, and trustworthiness are respected.

Production and employment are not directly mentioned in Islam, but the importance of production and employment can be inferred from numerous verses and traditions. In other words, in the verses and narrations, numerous indications of the basics of production and employment to create prosperity and fight against poverty can be inferred. From this point of view, the use of natural resources (land), labor force and human management are the most important jurisprudential mechanisms of production and employment. Also, the production and application of knowledge, the use of expert staff, double work, proper management of resources, economic jihad and promoting the culture of consumption of domestic goods are among the most important mechanisms for the realization of the knowledge-based economy.

Regarding the role of knowledge-based economy in production and employment and therefore economic development, it is necessary to formulate policies in line with the production of knowledge and the use of expert and efficient forces.

Islam demands the dignity and authority of Muslims in all fields, including the economic field, and work and production are the prelude to achieving this goal. Therefore, Islam attaches special importance to work and production and invites Muslims to it, and in a situation where the enemies of Islam are trying to bring them under their control by attacking the economy of Muslims with various tricks, Islam by enumerating the obstacles to the growth of production and relying on Various production activities invite them to face the enemies. Removing the obstacles to production and achieving the growth of production and self-sufficiency of Muslims and getting rid of the need from the lands of disbelief requires flawless methods and solutions that can only be extracted through a transcendental and divine school. Using the descriptive-analytical method and relying on the verses and sayings of the noble Imams, this research aims to introduce the obstacles to the growth of production in order to achieve the growth and economic authority of Muslims. According to the results, the obstacles to production are: polytheism, blasphemy, lack of necessary exploitation of natural capital, extravagance of production resources, sterile economic activities, wealth accumulation, concentration of wealth in the hands of the rich, lack of specialization in production, eyeing the enemy's facilities, usury, non-observance of production principles and standards in Islamic society.

Currently, the need to expand accurate and rapid quality assurance to provide high quality and safe manufactured products; Yes, quality focuses more on internal issues that are used to control and improve internal processes and seek to improve performance for customer satisfaction and competitiveness. The quality of products and processes is emphasized in industry, government and society. The quality performance evaluation system is highly dependent on the identification and selection of critical success factors and its indicators in the framework of quality management. To achieve this goal, there are problems in the production industry, such as low production efficiency, low accuracy and lack of innovation in products.

Based on this, a plan has been proposed to introduce the artificial intelligence method of manufacturing companies to solve the above problems and, as a result, improve product quality and production efficiency. For this purpose, a network based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is presented to evaluate the accuracy of the results and compare its efficiency. The proposed method is opposed to hard calculations and will save time and money. In industries, the volume of data has increased, which has led to the emergence of new concepts such as big data analytics, and the limitations and advantages of artificial intelligence-based solutions are discussed to creative attention to new solutions and new directions in manufacturing, commercial and service industries to improve efficiency. Stimulate your processes, increase the value of your solutions, and design new products to find new businesses and markets. Almost all international roadmaps focused on innovation and research include artificial intelligence as a fundamental driver of future technology. A challenge for traditional methods in quality management is the management of high-dimensional and non-linear production data. To solve these problems, a process based on artificial intelligence has been developed in this research to improve product quality and production efficiency. In this research, an adaptive neural-fuzzy inference model that has the advantages of neural network and fuzzy inference together, to evaluate and extracts the quality level of manufactured products; And it is proposed to infer how a set of production parameters and process quality of a production system are related.

In order to train the proposed model, the data related to the quality process of one piece from the production line of Khazar Plastic Industrial Company was used and 550 data related to the quality process with emphasis on influential variables including "appearance standard, external diameter of large gear, thickness of gear, The length of the metal shaft, the height of the metal shaft, the external diameter of the metal shaft" are considered as input variables and final quality as output variables. Finally, the accuracy of the results and the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference model have been evaluated using statistical indices of correlation coefficient and root-mean-square error. 

the results show the data used to evaluate the quality of the production part in the adaptive-proposal neuro-fuzzy method; With a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and a mean square error of 0.42869, it provided a good match between the quality of the model output and the actual values.

Financial instability causes uncertainty and a lack of transparency in the market and decision-making processes, ultimately leading to reduced investment and economic growth. Additionally, economic shocks alter investors’ expectations. This study relied on the seasonal data from 1991/3 to 2021/6 in order to identify financial shocks and their impact on macroeconomic variables such GDP, the debt-to-GDP ratio, and financial instability. The Threshold Vector Autoregression (TVAR) model was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that fiscal policies (debt-to-GDP ratio) reduce GDP. Second, positive shocks from financial instability lead to a decrease in GDP and the debt-to-GDP ratio. In the first regime, positive fiscal policy shocks (increase in the debt-to-GDP ratio) leads to an increase in financial instability, while in the second regime, positive fiscal policy shocks can reduce financial instability.

In recent decades, the factor of knowledge and innovation has played a key and decisive role in the economic development and prosperity of countries, and knowledge is considered as one of the important factors of production. The purpose of this article is to investigate the legal jurisprudence of the place of economic knowledge in the resistance economy.

The research method in this article is descriptive and analytical. The materials and data are also qualitative and data collection has been used.

Ethical considerations:

 In this article, Originality of texts, honesty and trusteeship Has been complied with.

Both in Iranian jurisprudence and law, economic knowledge has been discussed and supported. The production and application of knowledge and the use of expert personnel are the most important elements of economic knowledge. In economics, knowledge and learning of technology and core capabilities are the main factors of production and prosperity in society. Knowledge-based economy plays an important role in the realization of resistance economy because one of the important issues emphasized in the general policies of resistance economy is economic knowledge.

The goal of resistance economy is to realize endogenous and outward-looking economy by relying on knowledge-based economy and reducing income dependence on crude oil export.In order to realize a resistance economy, it is necessary to formulate and define economic policies in line with the production of economic knowledge.

According to the economic literature, the exchange rate is one of the important channels of money transfer, so that changes in the exchange rate play an important role in creating the competitiveness and uncertainty of the economy. This can put monetary policy changes on inflation and production growth under different conditions in different conditions. In this regard, this article has investigated the role of exchange rate in the effect of money on inflation and gross domestic product growth by using the seasonal time series data of 1370-1400 and using the time-varying auto-correlation parameter method (TVP-VAR). The results of this study show that the lower the variance of the exchange rate growth, the more effective the monetary policy is in curbing inflation. On the other hand, if the average growth of the exchange rate is close to the growth of the monetary base, then the monetary policy will increase production. Also, if the exchange rate grows more than the monetary base, inflation increases and GDP growth decreases. The results of this research confirm that the growth of the monetary base more than the economic capacity leads to an increase in inflation and a decrease in production growth, and this inflationary process leads to an increase in the exchange rate. In such a structure of the economy, where high money printing is a prominent feature, the suppression of the exchange rate provides the basis for increasing the currency jump, and the currency jump is an important factor in strengthening the recessionary inflation in the economy. Therefore, the policy recommendation of the present study is to reduce the growth of the monetary base and not to manipulate the exchange rate

According to economic views, money can have nominal and real effects on economic variables. Meanwhile, changes in the monetary base in the economy can be considered a function of the changes in the central bank's financial assets. Central banks in countries are responsible for issuing banknotes. This bank uses foreign exchange reserves, gold reserves, claims from the government and claims from banks as a basis for issuing banknotes. The debt of the central bank is also the bills and securities in the hands of the people, the legal, additional and precautionary reserves of commercial banks. The main purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between monetary base components and production and inflation in Iran's economy. In this regard, using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) in the time periods of 1989-2022, the relationship between the variables was estimated. The obtained results showed that the variable effect of commercial banks' debt to the central bank on production and inflation is 0.33 and 0.62, respectively, and the net effect of public sector debt to the central bank on production and inflation is 42, respectively. 0.0 and 0.57. Considering the results obtained and the importance of paying attention to the contribution of each component of the monetary base on inflation and production in the country, the central bank should pay more attention to changing the share of the components of the monetary base and be disciplined in the growth of the sectors that have a high contribution to the country's inflation.

Economic uncertainty is a situation in which the future economic environment is difficult to predict, and there is a high degree of risk or unknown issues involved. This can be caused by a variety of factors, such as political instability, financial market volatility, or natural disasters. Economic uncertainty can have a significant impact on macroeconomic variables, such as GDP growth, investment, and consumption.Economic uncertainty can have a number of negative consequences for the economy. It can lead to a decrease in investment, consumption, and economic growth. It can also lead to an increase in inflation and financial market volatility. If there is a political crisis, businesses may become more cautious about making investment decisions, as they are not sure what the future holds. This can lead to a decrease in investment, which can dampen economic growth. Similarly, if there is a financial crisis, consumers may become more cautious about spending money, as they are not sure whether they will lose their jobs or their investments will lose value. This can lead to a decrease in consumption, which can also dampen economic growth.

As a basis for analysis, the stochastic dynamic general equilibrium (DSGE) model was used in this study. It is a type of economic model that combines elements of both microeconomics and macroeconomics. They are used to simulate the effects of economic shocks on macroeconomic variables. The DSGE model used in this study was based on Iran’s data from 1989 to 2022. The model was then used to simulate the effects of economic uncertainty shocks on a variety of macroeconomic variables, including GDP growth, investment, consumption, the exchange rate, the interest rate, and inflation.Since the central bank in Iran is not independent, it is not possible to model the government and the central bank as two separate parts, but these two should be considered in the same framework. The government tries to balance its expenses in the form of current and construction expenses through the revenues from receiving a lump sum tax from the household, the sale of partnership bonds and the income from the sale of oil. In fact, it is assumed that most of the banks are owned by the government.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of economic uncertainty shocks on macroeconomic variables. The results indicate that the real variables of the economy such as investment, production, consumption, government spending, and taxes decreased in response to the shock of economic uncertainty. However, nominal variables such as the exchange rate, interest rate, and inflation rate increased in response to that shock.The results of the study suggest that economic uncertainty shocks can lead to instability in the economy. This is because economic uncertainty induces a decrease in economic activity, as businesses and consumers become more cautious about making investment and spending decisions. This can lead to a decrease in GDP growth, employment, and income.In addition, economic uncertainty can increase the inflation by making the demand for goods and services exceed the supply.

Conclusions and Policy Implications:

 The findings of this study suggest that economic uncertainty shocks can have a significant impact on macroeconomic variables. Policymakers should be aware of the potential negative consequences of economic uncertainty shocks and take measures to mitigate their impacts. This could include policies that promote economic stability, such as fiscal stimulus and monetary policy. By understanding the causes and consequences of economic uncertainty, policymakers and businesses can take steps to mitigate its negative impacts and promote economic stability.

Bank facilities are known as one of the most important ways of financing economic enterprises to increase production and employment; So that nearly 90% of financing in Iran is done by banks. However, the effects of bank facilities on macroeconomic variables are controversial due to the creation of liquidity or the deviation it can have from production. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of bank facilities on macroeconomic variables using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) during the period of 1978-2022. The results of the research showed that the effect of bank facilities on the variables of economic growth, non-governmental sector debt to banks, liquidity and capital stock was positive and insignificant on the government sector debt to banks. Therefore, since the main purpose of banking facilities is to increase production and employment, granting these facilities is expected to lead to favorable results in the economy. However, if there is not enough supervision on how to pay and spend it, it can increase the volume of money and liquidity (according to the research findings) and lead to economic instability.

The cement industry is considered one of the most important, fast-moving and influential industries in the industrial development and growth of any country. In the current research, the aim of more precisely knowing the cement market of Iran in order to achieve the goals of principle 44 of the constitution of Iran using analytical and quantitative methods, the economic situation of cement in various fields including its market structure in Iran and the world in the period of 2012-2018 has been investigated. The results obtained in Iran have shown that the cement production capacity has a growing trend and an excess of supply compared to demand. The countries of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Kuwait have been the most important target markets for Iran's cement exports so far. Determining the price of cement through the commodity exchange has removed the existing challenges. The cement industry is one of the energy-intensive industries, which has the largest consumption of fuel oil (furnace oil) among the different energies compared to all industries. the production companies in order to manage costs are mainly located in the border points and close to the production raw materials and they export their products to the nearest target market. The results of Herfindahl-Hirschman concentration index calculations, by information of 36 active companies and members of the stock exchange in Iran, showed that this industry has a monopolistic competition structure regardless of the ownership effect, and a multilateral monopoly structure in terms of the ownership effect. The structure of the export and import side of this industry in global markets also has a structure of monopolistic competition.