جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سیاست های حمایتی » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The aim of the current research was identifying the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the managers and experts of domestic automobile companies, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people of them were selected as a sample with using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by the agreement coefficient method between two coders 0.83. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA software. The findings showed that the effective dimensions and components on research and development strategies in domestic automotive companies had 33 sub themes in 7 main themes including business strategy, support policies, investment attraction, knowledge capital, cultural development, research and development implementation network and research and development management. . Finally, the pattern of effective main themes on research and development strategies in domestic automobile companies was drawn. The results of this study have many practical implications for the managers and officials of domestic automobile companies, and they based on the results of the identified main and sub themes in the present study can take an effective step in the direction of research and development.

One of the models for the development of downstream oil and gas industries is the integration of petrochemical and refinery. This study at first present a financial valuation of  construction a Integrated Petrochemicals Complex unit with an aromatic unit then investigate  the effect of protection policies on the financial indexs. The results show the significant effect of protection policies based on tax and feedstocks reduction but the effect of feedstocks reduction policies is more than another one.A review of tax-based policies shows that the sensitivity of the internal rate of return to increasing tax holiday is low but to tax rates is high. The effect of feedstocks support policy has been studied in two ways: payment facilities at a percent of feedstocks and payment at a fixed amount, such as the amount of total expenditure cost. The results show that both methods have a significant effect on intenral rate of return. Considered that the payment of facilities at a fixed rate will be highly dependent on the feed price and will be easily affected by fluctuations in oil prices.

Paying attention to the interests of children and teenagers in formulating an efficient criminal policy is an important part of rationalization and transformation of the legal system in interaction with science and paralegal institutions that are effective in the efficiency of the criminal policy system. Adopting a differential criminal policy towards children and teenagers, in the areas of preventing their delinquency and victimization, requires legislative change in the first step.

The current research is of a qualitative type and the research method is document analysis with a critical approach to two approved laws in the field of family law.

Iran's legislative criminal policy in protecting children against delinquency and victimization suffers from goal-based, structure-oriented and function-oriented inadequacies. The two laws criticized in this article have problems in the three mentioned levels.

Iran's criminal policy maker, with the approval of the "Law on the Protection of Children and Adolescents" and the "Law on the Protection of the Family and Youth of the Population" in recent years, despite advancing the strategy of differential protection of children, according to the present article, has suffered from inadequacies in the prevention, criminalization, prosecution and punishment of crimes related to children and adolescents. Violation of some rules of criminal liability, lack of attention to the types of prevention and the capacity of actors in charge of each type, failure to respect the hierarchy and separation of powers, orders contrary to social norms and scientific data are some of the challenges raised in this research. The effects of this challenge are discussed, explained and criticized in the articles of the laws. This article, by descriptive analytical method and collecting printed and electronic sources, in the field of protective criminal policy and critical legal criminology, proposes necessary amendments to the two aforementioned laws and a related law.

Renewable energy sources including Energies of wind, solar, water, biomass, geothermal, marine and other non-fossil energy play a very important role in energy security, social and economic development, access to energy, ensuring energy supply in the long term, they reduce climate change and reduce environmental and health effects. Todays, due to the importance of using renewable energy instead of fossil energy, many countries are seeking to replace their energy sources by passing laws and regulations and adopting incentive and support policies.
In this paper, the researchers are using the library research method to study the comparative laws and regulations and examine the programs and policies encouraging the development of wind, solar, hydroelectricity and biomass energy in the European Union.
 China and the United States are as the main renewable electricity technologies common in each country. It deals with three countries and examines the legal requirements for the expansion and development of renewable energy in these countries.

In the present study, the effect of digital technology support on entrepreneurial intention has been investigated according to the mediating role of the components of the theory of planned behavior. This research is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative in terms of approach, and descriptive-correlational in terms of type. The statistical population of the research included all students of the faculty of humanities of Imam Khomeini international university of Qazvin, 315 of whom were selected by random sampling. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire, and structural equation modeling and Smart PLS3</sub> software were used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that the variables of educational support, relational support, and structural support have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. Personal attitude had a mediating role between relational support and educational support with entrepreneurial intention, and perceived behavioral control also had a mediating role between structural support and educational support with entrepreneurial intention. The findings of the research show the important role of supporting students in the digitalization process in order to encourage them towards entrepreneurship. Therefore, policy makers, government planners, and educational institutions can benefit from the results of this research to come up with strategies and solutions to encourage entrepreneurship among students.

Poverty is an undesirable socio-economic phenomenon that endangers the political stability, social solidarity, and mental health of the different sections of society. The literature on poverty in recent years has not been limited to income poverty, but also to other aspects such as health, education, and living standards. By identifying patterns of poverty, instead of prejudging the suitable economic and social policies to combat poverty, we can explain the appropriate and effective policy on poverty at the community level in accordance with the nature of these patterns.

In the present study, with a multidimensional approach to poverty (including educational poverty, housing poverty, food poverty, health, and income poverty), the vulnerability of government-supported households in Iran were investigated. For this purpose, the expenditure information of government-supported households in 2017 was the basis of the study.

The results showed that nearly 47% of the households surveyed are below the food poverty line. In terms of depth and quality of dominance of different dimensions of poverty among the studied households, housing poverty has the largest poverty gap, followed by education poverty with a poverty gap of nearly 40%. In summary, the poverty gap in income and health dimensions in this study is very low compared to the mentioned dimensions. In general, it was found that government-sponsored households, in addition to income poverty, also suffer from poor health, housing, education, and food poverty.

Based on the findings, it is suggested that policy makers adopt and formulate policy-support tools in which the various dimensions of poverty are considered in the form of a comprehensive system.

According to empirical evidence, the consequences of supportive policies will not necessarily lead to efficient industries, optimal allocation of resources, international competition, and optimal use of opportunities. Inappropriate or suboptimal use of the supportive policies in manufacturing industries may change the direction of scarce resources and the relative prices in the society which may lead to price distortion and some monopoly power in the country's industries.  In this study, using the Hall-Rager method, we analyzed the effect of supportive policies on price deviation in the Iranian manufacturing industries. To do this we used the Herfindahl index, the simple rate of tariff, and Implicit nominal support index as independent variables and the price deviation in the manufacturing industries of the country as a dependent variable. The model as a dynamic panel data has been estimated with the generalized method of moments for 92 industries based on the four-digit ISIC code during 2004-2014. The results showed that between the years 2004 to 2014, the highest level of simple tariff rate was for the shoes and clothes industry with 100 percent. The cement and plaster industry had the most implicit support amongst the  92 studied industries. According to the estimated models, centralized industrial structure, implicit nominal support, tariff rate, and barrier entry intensity have had a positive and significant effect on the formation of price deviation in Iran's manufacturing industries.