جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مرجع امنیت » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The purpose of the present study is to examine the security reference of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in the statements of Imam Khamenei. In this regard, this research, with the analytical method and analysis of the content of His Holiness’ statements and with a theoretical framework based on Imam Khomeini's theory of two natures, tries to answer what is the security reference in Imam Khamenei’s statements. The results indicate that Imam Khamenei regarding All social, cultural and political issues, etc., including the security issue, he has thoughtfully and concernedly commented that his views can be useful for security challenges. The reference of security is based on the regime, government, society and individuals in the secular schools, but in the transcendental school, it is defined and limited based on Islam. Adapted from Islamic Sharia and based on the statements of Imam Khamenei, six references were extracted for the security of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, including the central mission of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, religiosity and spirituality, stewardship, democracy, revolutionism, and organization.

The significant contribution of historical and experimental endeavors to the development of security studies, coupled with the overlooked concept of security in renowned philosophers’ thoughts, has resulted in a limited connection between contemporary security studies and these philosophers’ views. Even though they had not directly addressed the issue of security, their exploration of topics like revolutions, social conflicts, succession wars, and racial conflicts indirectly encompassed this concept. Thus, the lack of a distinct concept of security in these thinkers’ ideas doesn’t imply that they disregarded or undervalued this concept.Viewed from this standpoint, the confinement of contemporary security studies to the recent decades, and the insufficient consideration given to the insights of philosophers from earlier times, can be seen as a significant deficiency in these studies. To rectify this, it becomes imperative to revisit the philosophies of these thinkers, scrutinizing them with a fresh perspective and an understanding shaped by today’s concept of security.Hence, reevaluating the political doctrines of eminent philosophers, through the prism of both traditional and modern security notions, is not merely crucial but also beneficial. Apart from addressing the deficiencies of contemporary security studies, this sets up specific criteria for assessing both current security perspectives and everyday security strategies, theoretically and practically.

Aristotle, despite the historical nature of his work, is a highly distinguished philosopher whose ideas merit analysis through this approach. This paper aims to extract themes related to contemporary security concepts from Aristotle’s teachings. It poses a fundamental question: What are the features of a security theory grounded in Aristotle’s teachings and political thought? To answer this, the hermeneutic method is employed to idntify key security points and themes related to the concept of security from his political thought. These are then analyzed in accordance with modern security perspectives across military, political, social, and economic dimensions.

Through this process, the principles of a security theory - namely, the security referent object, security issue, and security measures - are discerned. Consequently, the research hypothesis is formulated as follows: A security theory rooted in Aristotle’s teachings and political thought aligns with the philosophy of emancipation. In this theory, the polis or state (political society) serves as the security referent object, harmonizing with the military, political, social, and economic dimensions of security. Concurrently, this theory’s foundations are built on military strength to counter external threats, political stability, societal peace, and just distribution to fulfill economic needs.This paper shows that while Aristotle may not have explicitly established a security theory, his ideas align with the security perspectives of contemporary theorists across military, political, social, and economic domains. Accordingly, we can identify security elements within his political thought and study the security referent object, security issue, and security measures from an Aristotelian perspective, albeit not within a framework directly formulated by Aristotle himself.The paper also emphasizes that the “good life” is at the heart of Aristotelian philosophy. Since this goal is best achieved within the polis (political society), in a security framework grounded in Aristotelian thought, the polis or state becomes the referent object of security. Key elements of safeguarding the security of the polis in this view include defending the polis against external threats, ensuring its stability and peace through appropriate institutional structures, and nurturing virtuous citizens who enjoy a degree of economic prosperity due to just asset distribution.The paper’s findings also suggest that Aristotle’s security philosophy is fundamentally rooted in the concept of emancipation. This is because, in his view, security stems from factors such as upholding virtue, fostering virtuous and just citizens, just distribution, enforcing justice among equals, adherence to the law, education aligned with the nation’s constitution, and citizens’ rights to participate in governance and receive respect. The ultimate aim of security is the “good life”, and the use of military power serves this purpose rather than being a means for domination. These emancipation-based elements form the bedrock of societal security in an Aristotelian security theory.

The purpose of this article is to examine the topics connected with the modern concepts of security in Plato's political philosophy. The opinions of the great philosophers of history, despite their lateness and context, since they are viewed from the perspective of today's security concepts, they provide criteria based on which modern security schools can be established. In this regard, the upcoming article raises the fundamental question of what kind of approach to the concept of security can be deduced from Plato's political thought. In the light of answering this question, the reference, issue and means of security are identified in Plato's thought. Using the hermeneutic method, this study shows that the security approach derived from Plato's political thought is an approach based on the philosophy of liberation, based on which security is based on the dominance of soft factors such as establishing divine laws, acquiring human virtues and establishing Justice (all in its Platonic sense) emerges in society.

This article seeks to theoretically examine the national security governance in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution. The author believes that the word governance comes from the context of liberal thought and its use in the intellectual field of the Islamic Republic requires its adaptation to the security authority in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution. The author distinguishes between the security refference and the reffrent object of security and believes that the security refference is manifested in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution in a longitudinal series from God to the Supreme Leader.  So that the rule of national security in the Islamic Republic based on the common meaning of good governance, which originally seeks or prioritizes the authority of society and the people, is rejected. To provide the basis for drawing the national security governance of the Islamic Republic, author tries to describe and categorize reffrent objects of security and the security reference in Iran.

Securitization of Human Rights is a process in which a human rights subject assume as a threat to international peace and security. In this area some actors have role in process of securitization and it have some element: first, “referent object” that its existence suppose in danger. Second, “functional actor” that facilate path of securitization. Third, “securitization actor” that have ability and competence for announcement of a situation to threat of international peace and security. Here, important point is the way that NGOs have relation with United Nations organs. Officially, NGOs are connected with Economic and Social council and Human Rights Council, but this matter doesn’t caused a case refer to Security council by this process. Beside this, NGOs have informal direct connection with Security Council and by this channel NGOs can influence in Security Council decisions and have ability to convert a human right subject to threat of international peace and security. By this way we can assume role of NGOs in securitization process as functional actor.

Common security schools in the world deal with questions about the concept, dimensions, levels, reference and method of preserving security. There exist two other questions related to the definition of ‘friend’ and ‘foe’ and the strategic security solutions. Taking advantage of fiqh, especially fiqhi views of Sahib-e Jawaher[1], the researchers of the present article aim at answering the mentioned questions. In the fiqh of the current time, there isn’t any independent book or chapter on security. As such, the discussion of the present paper takes a capacity-introducing approach, and based on the existing fiqhi arguments and issues, it tries to address the reasons and implications of the security. In Islamic fiqh and Sharia, the issue of taking care of one’s lives, preserving mind and wisdom, preserving descent and protecting family, preserving honor and chastity, preserving property, preserving religion, and preserving the Muslims’ lands. By the word ‘preserving’ we mean ‘survival’. In fiqhi view of Sahib-e Jawaher, the dimensions of security have been interpreted extensively, in addition to the material and spiritual dimension, including personal, social, military, political, cultural, social, economic, and environmental dimensions. This paper, based on fiqhi doctrines and Islamic principles, has made the methods of preserving each aspect of security clear [1]Nickname for Muhammad Hasan al-Najafi, author of Jawahir-al-Kalam fi Sharh Shara’i‘ al-Islam

One of the most effective factors in the development of security strategies in each country, analysis of the security environment and how to influence and durability that itself holds a special place in security studies and unavoidable. Considering the importance of this paper is trying to help doctor Hussein Assarian race Adapted deductive approach and the idea of romantic and aims to understand the causes and factors affecting the development level of penetration and durability in a secure environment,   Through the combination of the answer that is right for model development and sustainable level of penetration in the security environment should be?The result of the research, exploration elements and factors influencing this, including justice and equality, the political system is based on Sharia and Islamic thought in the dimensions of feasibility and goal-investment commensurate with the scope of target infrastructure commensurate with the reference security in line with Security building; Thdydshnasy cognitive actors and to monitor developments and changes; leadership and management and receive feedback on goals and ultimately consolidate and deepen the successes in the sphere of effective security.

Revolution in ICT (Information & Communication Technology)، which itself should be analyzed in wider context of Globalization، has affected transformation of several concepts in Politics، specially “Power” and “Security”. Main analyses concern about globalization and Specially ICT revolution as the main factor influencing Security & power، believe that modern concepts and theories about security (sate-centric approach to security which is named “hard security in the article)، no longer could answer properly important questions about: “security reference”، “security target”، “essence of threats” and “geography of threats”. Accordingly، this article is going to investigate theoretically some impacts of ICT and its main emergences especially Meta territorial digital media such as Internet on security in era of Globalization (which is named “hard security in the article soft security). Therefore، the main concern of the article is to indicate theoretically some impacts of revolution in Information & Communication Technology which in some texts is named Third Industrial Revolution، on evolution of concept and application of security (that is transition from hard security to soft security) and emergence of fourth wave of security studies which theoretically has itself some huge consequences on citizens relation with government، in the fourth decade of Islamic Revolution of Iran. Hence، the main hypothesis of the article is that: ICT revolution has affected: “security reference”، “security target” and “geography of threats” in favor of citizens and even in contrast with national sovereignty which potential regards as an threat against IRI. The main result of this text is that some phenomena such as skills in manage Collective Action، increasing mental and social demands in society، transition from reference of national sovereignty to reference of transnational and sub national sovereignty are some dominant examples of emergence of soft security issues which would affect security of Islamic system of Iran in fourth decade of Islamic Revolution.

Security and especially political security in all modern societies, is considered as one of the main factors of the fundamental rights of individuals and has taken the essence of the human rights. Taking this importance into account, this paper seeks to reconsider political security and its most important element as the referent of security in teachings of Shiite political Fiqh. First, standards and criteria for identifying the referent of security after briefly explaining the status of the issue in security studies. Political security has three standards of "the right to adopt and express any political opinion", "the right to be elected to a political office" and "the right to elect officials and political authorities". Then we study the "referent of political security" by considering the most important issue in political Fiqh. "The right to adopt and express political opinions" is the most important proposition in political security of individuals in Imami Fiqh in that it encompasses other political rights and freedoms.

Since domestication of security, defining indexes and compiling strategies for security in Iran requires a new look at Imam Khomeini's security school of thought, this article tries to study Imam Khomeini's viewpoints and ideas on security and investigate sources of security in his school of thought. Findings of this research indicate that sources of security in Imam Khomeini's security school of thought can be realized in two subjective and objective levels such that Islam is considered as basic source of security in Imam Khomeini's security school of thought. Objectively, Islamic republic as the idea of an Islamic state, institutions of government (welayat-e faqih, three branches of state and clergies) and people as social bases of Islam's political system are among security sources in Imam Khomeini's security school of thought.

Goal: this research is going to survey the impact of great economic crimes and corruption over public security. The persons who are responsible for prevention of great economic crimes, believe that during the process of fight against these crimes and corruption, a great deal some other kind of social crimes and disturbances have been occurred that could affect on social ecosystem and would disrupt the public order and relief. In order to detailed dissection of the variables engaged in public security, the impression of crimes and corruption - that would have been established in economic crime commitment trend - in any aspects of temporal and mental and institutional of reference of public security, have been worked out.Inquiry this research in terms of type is pragmatic and in terms of methodology sounds to be analytic study. In this study, for summing up of data, some documentary and measurement and facial interviews with accompany of some respective detectives and responsible individuals in police station, have been conducted. The inquiry instrument in measurement method is also questionnaire. regarding to conducted statistical tests, there is meaningful relationship between all the crimes and corruption – that would have been created in the process of great economic crimes and corruption – and aspects of public security reference. This connection with the confidence extent of 95% and 99% has been approved. considering to performed measurements, some crimes and disturbances such as giving and taking the bribe, embezzlement, propagation of discrimination and injustice, heightening of law - breaking and decrease of public trust, have remain the most influential impact on the public security that demands taking some appropriate approaches.

This article is affected by role of security dimensions in various political, military, economic, social, cultural spheres, the complexity of the situation, different variables, variation of threats, transregional, regional and internal challenges, diversity of international and regional actors. Because of the inadequacy of security strategies in the existing schools, the present paper will try to extract dimensions of security on the basis of security strategy and current scientific model of security in security schools through exploratory studies. This paper that is result of a research project is an applied research in terms of its purpose, and its analysis level has descriptive and analytical nature, and its approach and method is based on library method. Also required data has been collected by library studies and use of note taking on cards or index cards. In process of the research, two main questions are discussed: what is the sustainable security strategy in the political system of Islam from the perspective of Nahjolbalaghe? And what are foundations, framework and principles of the securityin the political system of Islam from the perspective of Nahjolbalaghe? Accordingly, criterion and scale of the researcher for collecting data in order to answer the research questions logically and reasonably is some indicators such as fundamental values and ideals of security, security reference, security theories (security for whom or what, security vis-à-vis who or what, security or direction in what kind of context, security in what level or the amount). Dimensions of security provide five capacitiesfor the political system of Islam from the perspective of Nahjolbalaghe that is addressed in the section of conclusion.

According to existing evidences, there are logical relationships between the social classes and conditions of developing and developed societies and hence class analysis is one of the methods of strategic analysis of order and change inthese societies. Due to being in the age of information, knowledge and technology, the Middle class compared to other classes, enjoys a significant status. Also in the current age, information, knowledge and software technologies play an effective role in maintenance of security and emergence of soft war – with roles and functions similar to classic wars – and thus a logical relationship has been established between the middle class and security and soft war. This relationship has underlined the significance of understanding of the existence or absence of social class in a society, its size, the size and expanse of the middle class in the said society and designing of a suitable model for assessment of the role and function of the middle class in security and soft war. In the present research, the said model has been designed with four criteria of class structure of society; relations of middle class constructions and the political system; solidarity or lack of solidarity of the middle class; and the organization and identity of middle class. The relationship between the middle class and the political system enjoys a special status in this model.