جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « case study » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The purpose of this study is to evaluate lessons from privatization in Iran. For this purpose, a case study method was utilized and four companies including Raja Passenger Train Company, Iran Airtour Airlines, Haft Tappeh Sugarcane Agro-industrial Company and Al Mahdi Aluminum Complex were investigated. The main idea of this research is that transition to market system is a systemic process rather than a mere assignment of ownership from government-owned parent companies to non-governmental owners. Based on the findings, privatization can be successful when  1. In classification of state-owned companies, paying attention to nature and functions of a company is more important than the place of the company or its activity in Principle 44 of the Constitution. 2. Cooperation between privatization organization and relevant parent companies is better than a contrast that has been predicted in clause 《1》article (18) of general policies of Principle 44. 3. Increasing companies’ commitment to assignment (such as imposing a new workforce on a company) should be criminalized, 4. The ceding board should be authorized, and 5. The implementation method of the transfer (such as issuing a transfer act before setting the price, issuing calls for transfer without ensuring transparency of financial statements, or disqualification of mangers of strategic and large-scale companies that transfer as a block) should be revised.

Policy evaluation, as a key pillar of the policymaking process, seeks the continuous reform and improvement of policy implementation. In the realm of environmental issues, one of the major problems facing Iranian metropolises in recent years has been air pollution, for which multiple policies have been formulated and executed over time. Yet according to official indices, the air pollution situation has not only failed to improve, but it has also deteriorated. Among the prerequisites for addressing this is the existence of criteria for evaluating policies. Through a qualitative approach and a case study strategy comprised of policy document analysis alongside semi-structured interviews with 16 expert participants, this research has sought to identify evaluative criteria. Ultimately, the findings put forward 41 distinct benchmarks across three levels of policy outputs, outcomes, and impacts for assessing air pollution policies.

New technologies in the field of Industry 4.0 enable companies to enhance their business processes and customize products and services through the generation of new knowledge. The creation and sharing of this new knowledge depends on both the optimal use of Industry 4.0 technologies and interactions along the value chain. However, achieving business benefits is highly dependent on human resources and their digital skills and competencies. Therefore, companies approaching the Industry 4.0 paradigm should consider these new technologies as tools that facilitate the creation and sharing of new knowledge. They should pay attention to the digital skills and competencies required to manage this technological transformation and enhance internal competencies. The purpose of this research is to combine the results and findings obtained from qualitative studies, providing new insights from previous research. In this study, a meta-composite approach was used to investigate qualitative case studies, examining the relationship between knowledge management and Industry 4.0 capabilities in organizations. The results show that knowledge management capabilities in the field of Industry 4.0 are examined in two dimensions: business models and organizational innovation. This research also emphasizes that in order to address organizational challenges, knowledge management strategies and the maturity level of Industry 4.0 technologies within organizations must be understood.

The aim of the current research is to investigate the social causes of the weakness in the adoption of biofertilizer technology, despite the passage of three decades since Iranian technologists achieved their industrial production.

The present study followed a qualitative research approach and used the case study strategy. The data collection was carried out through document study, unstructured interviews, and participatory observation, and the studied unit was the socio-technical fertilizer system. Data was collected from policy-making departments, public and private companies, and universities and was analyzed using the explanatory construction method.

During the three decades under study, policy nests in the field of laws and institution building by the government and technology nests in technology promotion and market development have been created by biofertilizer producers. Also, in the shadow of global developments such as the embargo, war, increased fertilizer prices, and demand for healthy products, the domestic perspective is also under pressure, but it has not led to a significant increase in the acceptance of biological fertilizer.

In addition to the characteristics of authoritarianism and rigidity towards the change of procedures in the executive body, the custodian of fertilizer supply and distribution in the country as a network of politically connected companies by using mechanisms of regulatory capture, hiding and denying the effectiveness of technology, limiting the access of competitors, and discrimination in law enforcement, has not allowed the formation of windows of opportunity in the socio-technical system of fertilizer. Also, the entanglement of the prospect of self-sufficiency in agricultural products with the provision of chemical fertilizer subsidies in the form of imports has made it impossible to form a new configuration in the technical-social fertilizer system. At the same time, the custodian body considered the barriers to the release of biofertilizers as their high price, lack of effectiveness in performance, and lack of acceptance of bio-fertilizers as small ownership, old age, and low education of the Iranian agricultural community; an issue that was not true in the field of practice.

Regardless of the effectiveness of the policy during the formulation stage, it is crucial for the policy to be seamlessly integrated and solidified within the actual procedures and practices of the local destination of implementation. This integration is essential for realizing the intended benefits of the policy. This study aims to identify and categorize obstacles and opportunities for effective implementation of Covid-19 crisis policies in the executive bodies of Kurdistan Province. 

Using a qualitative case study approach, data was collected through interviews with 32 employees from five government organizations: The health network, education network, banking network, traffic police, and governorate organizations. 

Data were analyzed based on a conceptual model consisting of fourteen factors. The study identified several obstacles and inhibiting factors, including a lack of facilities, non-cooperation of the people, insufficient financial support from the government, incorrect information from organizations, and limited interaction between people and organizations. Opportunities and drivers of implementation included problem-solving through disobeying orders, the sacrifice of employees, high levels of inter-organizational cooperation, problem-solving through consultation with higher authorities, and increased interaction between people and organizations. The findings provide insights for policymakers and practitioners on effective implementation of crisis policies at the local level. 

Effective crisis management necessitates social participation and recognition of the influential role of media, within both organizational and citizen levels. Policymakers and government executives should utilize the potential of public participation and the media to formulate and implement crisis policies, thereby addressing any potential weaknesses in policy formulation through collaboration and empathy.

The pupouse of study is to identify the problems of holding “the Book of the Year award” in order to improve policies, procedure, improve the judging process and make it more effective in the publishing community. The research is qualitative in terms of approach and case study in terms of execution method. The studied community is the writings related to the Book of the Year award, university professors, experts and beneficiaries involved in the organization and performance of the festival, and critics and experts in the field of the book of the year, where the expert sampling technique was used to select the sample. Writing review, interview and focus group were used to collect data. Qualitative data analysis has been done in two stages; the first round of coding and the second round of pattern finding. In the first round of coding, we tried to give each piece of data a label (or the same code); in the second round, models were extracted from these codes. To advance the coding process, various tools have been used, including performing the process with pencil and paper to the use of MaxQDA (version 11) computer programs. The results show that the issues and problems of the yearbook can be categorized in the areas of policy and planning, executive processes, and referees. The overlapping of the Book of the Year award with other awards and the lack of clarity about its position compared to other awards has caused the Book of the Year to decline in prestige. The excessive dependence of the award on the government body, both in terms of expenses and in terms of policy, the selection of the scientific secretary, referee, etc. has caused us to witness the interference of cultural officials in the votes and opinions of the judges, as well as the introduction of the chosen ones, in limited periods. Trust in festivals and awards is the most important event that can be effective in their growth and influence, and in addition to the favor of the people and those in charge of the awards, it will be effective in promoting the publishing industry, and the officials of the Book of the Year institution should have more appropriate planning and investment in this regard.

The main purpose of this research is to describe how to implement the Khwarazmi Youth Festival in first secondary schools and to identify the consequences and obstacles facing this festival from the perspective of the researchers. In order to achieve this goal, with a case study method and with a qualitative approach, how to implement, the upcoming obstacles and the consequences of this festival were investigated. The study group consisted of 10 teachers conducting the festival and 15 students of the first secondary level who had the experience of participating in the festival. The selection of key informants was based on targeted and snowball sampling. The interview data collection tool was not developed. The information was analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin method, and the Lincoln and Guba criteria were used to validate the findings. In order to believability of the methods of exchanging opinions with peers and using a secondary coder, for the transferability of comprehensive and rich description methods of the environment and researches and the stages of doing the work and its results, as well as choosing targeted samples and for the ability to depend, clarify and document. All stages and process of research and sufficiency of consensus and finally for verifiability, documentation of work steps and secondary analyst were used. The common themes in both groups of teachers and students included strengthening students' research abilities, human and equipment obstacles of the Khwarazmi Youth Festival, and the need for comprehensive support.

The effective execution of organizational strategy remains a fundamental challenge for both managers and management researchers. In the realm of strategy research, insufficient attention has been given to achieving a harmonious equilibrium between organizational components and the perceptions of strategy hindrances held by strategists, namely CEOs and senior managers. This perspective focuses on strategy as a dynamic "action" resulting from the daily activities of strategists within the organizational context. Given that strategy failures can result in a squandering of organizational resources, addressing this issue is of paramount importance. This research aims to identify obstacles to strategy implementation as perceived by the senior management team of a government-owned agricultural and industrial company in Iran. The authors employ the McKinsey model as a theoretical framework to scrutinize the failure of strategy implementation, dissecting the constituents of each model factor through the lens of senior managers.

This research adopts a qualitative approach, specifically an exploratory case study utilizing an embedded methodology. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect qualitative data, enabling the researcher to gain in-depth insights into the research topic while systematically gathering data. Subsequent interviews were conducted to obtain further data or clarifications until thematic saturation was achieved after the 21st interview. The resulting data underwent open coding. Triangulation of data was performed using observations and secondary data sources, including the organization's website, annual reports, quarterly meeting minutes, strategies, policies, mission statements, and goals.

Identified codes encompassed both negative and positive impact codes. Regarding the effects of these codes on strategy implementation, 155 codes were identified with a negative impact, 29 codes with a positive impact, 4 codes with a dual impact, and 16 notes (comprising questions and ambiguities). These codes were ultimately categorized into 21 distinct categories and organized into five overarching themes. Some noteworthy categories include organizational background, entrepreneurial spirit, collaborative planning, employee disengagement, conflicts of interest and opinions between middle and senior managers, issues with strategy formulation, managerial incompetence, financial challenges, leadership frustration, chronic understaffing, and a lack of commitment, among others. The resulting themes encompass leadership style, structural and systemic problems, skills, personnel, and strategy.

This study scrutinizes the dimensions of the McKinsey model from the perspective of senior and middle managers, ultimately pinpointing challenges in strategy implementation. Foremost among these challenges is the absence of "common values." Issues such as representation, leader frustration due to misalignment with middle managers, and feelings of injustice between line managers and staff contribute to convoluted and conflicting communication within the organizational hierarchy. Within the middle management layer, direct leader involvement in their affairs, occasionally bypassing them, and the repressive approach of middle managers compound confusion, feelings of injustice, and diminished motivation. The lack of skill among middle managers in managing these situations further exacerbates employee apathy. The research findings underscore that successful strategy execution necessitates more than just a sound formulation method. All seven components of the organization must achieve harmony and balance for successful strategy implementation to occur.

The city and urban management issues, especially the issue of doctors' concentration in an urban area, are inherently dynamic and complex due to the existence of different actors with different perspectives.
The current research has examined the issue of concentration of managers in Taleghani Boulevard of Yazd city by identifying and analyzing the interaction of key actors influencing the problem, which has different strategies and goals.
The research method of this research is based on the descriptive-analytical method and the data collection method based on documentary and field methods. In other words, the initial identification of actors and their strategies and goals has been done through library study (documentary method). Then, through group interviews with experts (field method), the completion of actors and their goals was discussed, and by using Mector method and software, these actors and their goals were analyzed in relation to the issue of concentration of doctors in an urban area.
The results of the research showed that among the 9 actors identified, although there is no dominant actor in this issue, traffic, police, patients and doctors are highly influential. Also, among the 7 identified goals and strategies, traffic reduction and access to parking have great sensitivity among actors.
Based on these findings, it can be concluded that in the short term, online scheduling with the participation of knowledge-based companies and doctors will reduce traffic, and with the establishment of a parking lot by the municipality on Taleghani Boulevard in Yazd, traffic will decrease. On the other hand, it was found that the qualitative method and case study are used in urban management studies.

The main goal of this research is to design a model for electronic governance in the health system. The research method is part of developmental research in terms of results, exploratory research in terms of purpose, and qualitative research of case study in terms of method. The research data collection tool is interview, and the theme analysis method has been used to analyze the data. Based on the obtained results, the main fields of electronic governance in the field of health include social participation, awareness, legal infrastructure, investment in various fields, social trust and comprehensive strategic design. Also, the main capabilities of this model include electronic health management, improving efficiency, optimal access to services, electronic administration and improving effectiveness. The obstacles of this model include the lack of allocated funds, lack of necessary support, lack of inclusive participation, lack of appropriate information technology infrastructure, cultural platform not being ready, lack of sufficient training and low level of cyber security. In the following, the results and consequences of this pattern were identified, including individual, organizational and social consequences and finally, the final model was presented. It should be noted that the model presented in this research can be a suitable road map for the development of e-governance in the health field of the country.

The position of decision-making and planning in Iran's higher education system is not well defined. Hence, there is a lack of understanding between the policymaking and decision-making institutions regarding the mission of universities and governance in Iran's higher education. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the detrimental effects of the divergent policymaking institutions in Iran's higher education system. To achieve this aim, a qualitative approach by the case study type was used. The participants in the study included 15 connoisseurs from universities and research institutes in Iran, who were selected using purposeful sampling by snowball method and theoretical saturation in the findings. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. To analyze the interviews we used the inductive content analysis method. To check the credibility of the findings, we used two strategies; member checking and peer checking.The findings obtained from the inductive content analysis of the interviews showed that the detrimental effects of the divergent policymaking institutions in Iran's higher education system are created by parallel work between the policymaking institutions due to the lack of clear boundaries of duties and missions, the absence of a single policymaking authority in Iran's higher education system, the dominance of political and party orientations in the approaches of policymaking institutions, the lack of long-term policies in the field of science and technology due to the instability of management caused by the change of governments and finally priority of Institutional interests and policies over national interests and approaches.

So far, Ayatollah Khamenei has been able to manage the challenges that have arisen for the country in critical moments, relying on the strength of the people. Of course, his management is not of the executive type, but a kind of value supervision on the management of macro-levels in the country, which he called "macro-value management". This article seeks to understand the mechanisms through which this discourse management has been done and to achieve the response, speech and general behavior of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution during the assassination of Qassem Soleimani until the Friday prayers in Tehran two weeks later as a study. Selected item. The data of this article have been collected by documentary method and processed by content analysis method.The findings of this article show that Ayatollah Khamenei's approach to internal and external inflammations was not passive, but the text and tone of his messages and speeches show the intellectual-spiritual reassurance of the leadership that he tried to convey to the audience; What emerges in this article is a sociological understanding of the key themes and contexts of these actions, which focuses more on how the Supreme Leader used the tools of "metaphor" and "emotion" in the narrative of this terrorist incident in the history of regional resistance.

Policy capacity refers to the ability to develop “policy options” to achieve public goals. The policy has a close interaction with the legislation. On one hand, policies are converted to the law in bills and plans format, and on the other, some laws have policy aspects themselves. Therefore, if the capacity of policymaking is strengthened in parliament, then the legislation will be strengthened. There are evidence and issues such as hyperlexis, a long line of bills and plans in committees, and the required research policy to create dynamic and constitutional rules and laws, increasing the requirement to study policymaking capacity promoting in Parliament. The aim of this research is to develop a model through the identification of constituent elements of policymaking capacity and their relationships. This study was conducted utilizing a qualitative approach and case study strategy in which Parliament, as a case study, is explored deeply and qualitatively. Statements of the Supreme Leader, interviews with members of Parliament, the legislative and policy experts, expert reports, and plans and bills were used as data collection tools because the study is based on multi-method or pluralism. The data analysis method was based on thematic analysis and eventually, the final model was developed with the CIPP, context, input, process, and product, and framework. Capacity-building infrastructures, policy capacity enrichment, and improved policy capacity, in addition to the environment governing the policy capacity, are among the model elements, whose attention and operationalizing lead to the issue of constitutional laws and the strengthening of the special functions of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.

The realization of trust as one of the most important human ideals has long been considered by thinkers of every age. Admittedly, many researchers have addressed the factors influencing the sense of social justice by citizens, including the variables of religion. The results of research show that religiosity has always had a positive effect on people's sense of social trust and as the religiosity of individuals increases, so does their sense of social trust. Therefore, in this study, using the standard questionnaire of religiosity Grag and Stark and also the division of the sense of social justice into procedural and distributive justice the effect of religiosity on the sense of social justice has been investigated. The statistical population of this study includes students of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan. In this study, 378 students were selected as a statistical sample using the online questionnaire. The coefficient of determination of 0.13 shows that the effect of religiosity on the sense of social justice in the statistical population of the present study is moderate, which is very meaningful and reminds the need for pathology and strengthening their religious foundations. On the other hand, the results show that religiosity has a positive and significant effect on increasing social trust between individuals.

Ilam province, like other provinces of the country after the revolution in the field of political participation, has undergone a traditional transition to open and democratic methods. Ilam is a society in transition from a traditional society to a modern society and is considered semi-traditional or semi-modern in terms of developmental context. The traditional structure, tribe and economic conditions and the existence of traditional reference patterns play an important and active role in leading citizens to political participation in it. Its cultural and social structure is tied to tribal culture, tribe and ethnic diversity and can be called a tribal treasure. Tribe, lineage, tribe, white beard and other traditional elements are rooted in the social structure of Ilam, which is reflected in the creation of a socio-political capital within the group and outside the group in political participation. Tribal Baft - Its tribes have had a greater impact on traditional cohesion and increased inclination to political competition, which is more evident in the elections to the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to explain the effect of socio-political capital on the level of political participation among the citizens of Ilam province. The method of conducting the current research is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. Using Cochran's formula from the statistical population of 410949, a sample of 384 people was selected and selected by stratified cluster sampling. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between socio-political capital (0.589) and political participation of citizens. Also, there is a significant and positive relationship between the dimensions of socio-political capital, ie socio-political trust (0.763), socio-political cohesion (0.654), socio-political awareness (0.406) and tribal belonging (0.680) and political participation of citizens. has it. In total, 42% of the changes in the political participation of the citizens of Ilam are explained by socio-political capital.

The word ‘Bayyenāt’(بینات) is one of the key words of the Holy Qur’an which has been repeated 71 times in the Holy Qur’an considering its other derivatives. The key use and repetition of this word in the Holy Qur'an requires a close examination of its meaning and examples in the referenced verses. Since Bayyenāt has been used in different contexts, the purpose of this study is to discover the distinctions between the causes of which the word Bayyenāt have been use in each verse, according to its Quranic conceptual meaning. For this purpose, first the lexical meaning of Bayyenāt was investigated by examining several dictionaries, then the verses that contain this word were extracted, and finally the examples of Bayyenāt were examined through a comparative analysis of different interpretations. The results of the research show that Bayyenāt, which literal meaning is ‘clear and enlightening reasons’, has been used in the Holy Qur'an in both material and spiritual instances. For the materialistic examples of using Bayyenāt, we can mention the miracles of the prophets and the remnants of the past. The spiritual examples of Bayyenāt also include the Holy books, especially the Qur'an, divine knowledge and insight, and rational arguments. A comparative analysis of the Shiite and Sunni commentators shows that the commentators agree on the examples related to the prophets, their miracles, and arguments, as well as the example of the Holy Qur'an. Differences of opinion can be seen only in the verses that refer to the concealment of evidence, and only the Shia commentators, have stated Imam Ali’s leadership as an example of concealed evidence based on Hadith.

The main purpose of this study was to design a fourth generation university model and promote it in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran. This research was conducted with an applied purpose and with a qualitative-case approach. The research community included professors, experts and top managers of the Islamic Azad University (related to the Science and Research Unit) Among them, 9 people were selected as the focus group and 15 people as academic experts by purposive theoretical sampling method to achieve theoretical saturation. Data were collected using direct survey and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data analysis method was content analysis using Strauss and Corbin coding method in three levels: open, axial and selective, which was analyzed in Max Q2020 software. Then the concepts were related in the form of causal conditions, central phenomena, strategies, contextual conditions, intervenors and consequences of classification in the form of a model. The focus group was also used for validation (validity and reliability). The results showed that Tehran Science and Research Unit, due to the gap between its current and desired status in some indicators of the fourth generation university, needs special measures such as attention to changes in time and the need for innovation, alignment with the world, attention to issues Society has a relationship with industry, the expansion of knowledge-based companies, commitment to the program, and so on To be able to upgrade to a fourth generation university based on the presented model.