جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « lawlessness » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting lawlessness in sports and youth departments of Kerman province. The research approach is qualitative. The participants in this research included elites in the field of organizational behavior in sports. The selected sample is done by the theoretical method and its judgment type. In this research, based on the four criteria proposed by Goba and Lincoln, validity, confirmability, reliability and transferability were considered in order to increase the quality of the research. Retest reliability method was used to measure reliability, which refers to the consistency of data classification over time. The intra-subject agreement is equal to 0.87 which is suitable. Based on the findings of the interview, the factors affecting law evasion in sports and youth departments of Kerman province include inefficient structure, inefficient management, regulatory laws, individual and social norms. The category of inefficient structure includes the components of inappropriate organizational culture, inappropriate organizational structure, lack of stability, lack of meritocracy. The category of ineffective management includes the weakness of creativity and innovation, injustice and inequality, unreasonable management style; The category of regulatory laws includes weak laws and regulations, weak monitoring and inspection; The category of individual and social norms includes individual spirituality, tendency to individualism, individual values, media characteristics, and cultural and social values. Therefore, in order to reduce lawlessness, these components should be carefully examined and controlled.

evasion of the law is one of the most important social problems in all civil societies, which are searching for solutions to solve such an important problem. This is because the life and survival of any society depends on the existence of order, and order will not be achieved except through legality; Therefore, the first step for creating a healthy and law-oriented society is to establish up-to-date laws that are compatible with the needs of the members of the society. The purpose of this research is to investigate the causes and social factors of lawlessness among the youth of Isfahan city and examines its relationship with having friends and family who are lawless, sense of distributive justice, social trust and social control.

The method used in this research was a survey method. The statistical population of the research is all young citizens aged 18 to 29 in Isfahan city. Cochran's formula was used, and 390 people were selected from multi-stage random sampling under the title of sample. The tool for collecting data on the variable of illegality is a questionnaire prepared by the researcher, in order to determine its validity, face validity has been used, and to determine its reliability, the internal consistency method has been used using Cronbach's alpha method.

The descriptive findings of the research also showed that the level of lawlessness among young people is significantly high. It must be said that it seems that the first step, i.e. the establishment of effective laws suitable to the conditions of the society, has not been done properly. It should be kept in mind that in this research, an attempt has been made to pay attention to the prevention mechanisms of lawlessness, that the commission of a crime is a combination of three factors: 1- a motivated criminal, 2- a favorable situation, and 3- the environment and circumstances were suitable. Therefore, it is better that the 3 mentioned factors, i.e. the necessary measures, should be directed at the person who is a potential perpetrator with the intention of lowering the motivation or opinion on Sibel or the victim in order to reduce the criminal areas with the surrounding environment with the aim of making the preparations for committing the crime inconsistent. be

Lawlessness, which is a social problem that is harmful to the health of the society, is caused by the non-compliance of individuals, the non-compliance that governs the relationship between the individual and the society. Such incompatibilities, which themselves were the result of various factors, both micro and macro, and this in itself is a reason for the weakening of social solidarity and cohesion, endangering social unity and ultimately creating and ruling anomic conditions for the society. slow:

As a source of government revenue for the provision of various social, welfare, and cultural services, taxes have a long history. With regard to their role in the economic and social developments of societies despite the lack of desirable and a voluntary tax payment behavior, it is necessary to identify the social contexts of tax payment so as to encourage trust and public participation in this process. Thus, this study aimed to explore the social contexts for tax payment behavior and identify the conditions and factors that play a role in increasing or decreasing public trust and participation in it.  

To meet the purpose of the research and achieve a deep understanding of the social context concerning this issue, an interpretive paradigm and qualitative approach was employed based on the grounded theory. The theoretical purposive sampling was used to select the participants. The financial managers of production companies in Yazd Province in Iran, who had lived experiences of the context and consented to participate in this research, were selected as the target community. 13 managers with different ages and work and management experiences participated in the study. The data obtained from the interviews were transcribed and analyzed as soon as they were collected so as to reveal the relevant ambiguous and sensitive points and obtain the final theory; thus, the researcher could pay more attention to them in the subsequent interviews. Sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. At the open coding stage, the text was analyzed line by line (sometimes word by word) and the annotations and additional explanations were written as comments in the Microsoft Word file in the margins of the interview text and the attached concepts. In the next stage, the obtained concepts and subcategories were reduced to the main categories and the core category was constructed in relation to the main categories and subcategories obtained from the previous two stages based on a fixed comparison technique. Finally, to show the structure and process of the discovery and construction of the core category, a paradigm model was drawn up, which consisted of 5 sections: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, axial phenomenon, strategies, and consequences. Throughout the process, we adhered to the ethics and scientific principles by maintaining confidentiality of the information and using nicknames for the participants, besides observing other ethical considerations, such as participant’s consent and non-manipulation of data. 

The research findings indicated 29 main categories and one core category entitled "tax value inversion". Based on this paradigm model, the evidence from the participants' narratives and theoretical design of the research was presented. The research results demonstrated the formation of axial phenomenon called "tax evasion/compulsory taxation". In this way, the actors were faced by a situation that involved coercion and mutual distrust, especially institutional distrust. Accordingly, they were reluctant to pay taxes and even avoided paying them. They made various justifications and excuses to legitimize their tax evasion, resulting in the reduced amount of the paid taxes. However, once they failed in their tax evasion, they were forced by the tax officers to pay them. In general, it could be said that a number of micro and especially macro factors played a role in directing either a voluntary or evasive tax behavior. Both cultural factors, such as a weak tax culture, taxpayers' misconceptions of the tax system functions, and their intentions, and structural and macro factors, including political, economic, and social conditions, played roles in the voluntary or odd taxpayers' performance. For example, the results indicated that economic anomalies, self-interpretation of laws, lack of transparency of tax laws, and structural corruption played significant roles in the taxpayers' increased dissatisfaction and tendencies to evade taxes. Also, it could be said that one of the excuses and justifications made by the actors and taxpayers for tax evasion was a kind of covert protest against the structural conditions of the society, such as political distrust, social despair in improving the situation, expanded injustice, and lack of transparency in taxation and economy. In fact, taxation has lost its value and meaning and become as an anti-value in tandem with the improper structural conditions of the society, economy, and culture. All these have led to collective/national disorder, reproduction of anomic distrust, and very little development in tax systems.

The frequent violations of notaries in terms of non-compliance with tax laws and regulations provide a breeding ground for notaries and taxpayers in the field of movable and immovable property transactions, and in this regard, delay tax collection and ultimately waste government fraudulent rights. The main approach of this study is to provide solutions to managers, auditors, auditors and tax supervisors who have a clearer picture of notarial indicators and help to choose the best strategy to improve tax revenue and prevent the spread of delinquency. The fuzzy Delphi method has been used to identify the indicators affecting the lawlessness of notaries. Data were collected from experts familiar with the research topic. BMW technique was used to analyze the data. The results of ranking 29 sub-criteria of the research show that the sub-criterion of not sending information related to regulatory documents (facilitation law) for tax claims and the sub-criterion of preparing documents for definitive sale, peace, gift, power of attorney sales of vehicles without observing Article 42 of Value Added Law From the subgroup of immovable and movable documents, respectively, have occupied the highest position of importance.

Breaking the law by drivers and disobeying the police order is always one of the most important social issues in all societies. The present study aims to investigate the social factors affecting drivers' lawlessness and disobedience to police orders.

This study made use of a causal-comparative research design. The statistical population of the present study included all offending drivers in West Azerbaijan province who due to their negative score exceeded the permissible level (30 and above), their licenses or vehicles were confiscated by the provincial traffic police in the period from November to January 2020 and have been referred to provincial traffic police. The sample was 120 offending drivers who were selected by the convenience sampling method.Also, 120 non-offending drivers (comparison group) were selected as a comparison group, who were matched with offending drivers in terms of driving history, type of vehicle (light-heavy), and age. To collect the data of this study, the questionnaires social support, social capital (2000),social participation (1393), social anomie (1395), and feelings of anomie (2011) were used.

The findings showed that on the one hand, there is no significant difference between drivers with and without lawlessness behavior in social support and social capital. But there is a significant difference between drivers with and without lawlessness behavior in social participation, social control, and social anomia.

The results showed that social participation, social support, and social anomia play an important role in the occurrence of the phenomenon of drivers' lawlessness and disobedience to police orders. Therefore, politicians and legislators are suggested to prevent the occurrence of illegal driving by providing social control, providing opportunities to increase citizen participation in society, reducing the feeling of social chaos of citizens, and therefore providing the ground for citizens to obey the laws.

Maintaining social order in society requires the existence of law and the rule of law, which originates and arises from social and moral duties. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting lawlessness and provide preventive solutions in Gorgan.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has been done by survey-analytical method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of this study is all citizens over 15 years of age living in Gorgan in 1399 that the sample size has been calculated using the Cochran's formula to 395 people. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the reliability test in this study is 76.. Is obtained.

The results of this study showed that among the seven factors of lawlessness in terms of correlation, in order of priority, including social trust (-0.562), social bonding (0.465), the notion of law-breaking (-0.253), the feeling of anomie (0.291) and social shame (0.374). However, the variables of informal social monitoring and control and awareness of the law could not play a role in explaining the evasion and were therefore excluded from the equation. The coefficient of determination () obtained in relation to lawlessness is equal to 0.73.

In the study area, the results show that paying attention to issues such as increasing social trust among citizens, social bonding and reducing the feeling of anomie can have a significant effect on reducing and preventing lawlessness.

Due to the high number of traffic accident fatalities (51% at the scene and 49% during hospital transfer) and traffic crime statistics, it is necessary to conduct this investigation. The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize sociological factors affecting the lawlessness of motorcycle riders in Tehran.

In terms of its objectives, this study is of an applied research type and in terms of data collection procedure it is a descriptive-survey study. The analysis or sample unit consists of 90 law violators who have violated the rules in the geographical area of the city of Tehran and have thus been fined.

Based on the findings of the study, the factors are prioritized as follows: first, turmoil; second, discrimination; third, social welfare; fourth, individualism; fifth, childhood upbringing; sixth, law ignorance, seventh, family status, eighth, behavior violence, ninth, awareness of the law effect,  tenth, awareness of media influence.

Based on the results obtained by applying proper planning based on the approach that results from the existing problems, as well as considering the future conditions we can witness the improvement of the quality and quantity of motorcycles and reduce its problems. In addition, optimizing the status of motorcycles displacement would cause costs reduction in different dimensions whose major contribution is to improve the traffic density in the network of passages.

Maintaining social order in society requires the existence of law and the rule of law, and is based on social and ethical duties. The purpose of this article is to know the most important factors affecting the escape rule.
The method used in this survey is a survey. The statistical population was selected from among citizens over 18 years of age in Ahwaz, Mahshahr, Khorramshahr, Andimeshk and Behbahan cities, which totaled 613 samples.
Also, by distinguishing the underlying variables, there is a significant relationship between gender, marital status and job status.
Pearson correlation coefficient shows that there is a significant relationship between anomy feeling and escape rule. The correlation coefficient is 080 and for direct positive relationship

Ethnic conflict is one of the most important social issues in the city of Khorramabad. This phenomenon in the tribal culture of this city is a power and defense index of socio-cultural status and family dignity, and is heavily influenced by traditional and tribal values. It seems that the variable of ethnic conflict is affected by certain conditions that are rooted in the social, cultural, economic and political structure of society.
Material & The purpose of the present research was to investigate factors affecting inter-ethnic conflicts between Lak and Lor ethnicities of Khorramabad city. The research method was survey. The statistical society consisted of 20-50-year-old men in Khorramabad city. The population of this society was about 173264 individuals, of whom, using Cochran formula, 383 subjects were selected for both ethnic groups. The theoretical framework of the study was based on the sociological theories of Gurr, Hechter, Agnew, and Peter Blau. The research sample was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method proportional to pps volume. Researcher-made questionnaires that had content validity and were obtained with an emphasis on assessment of professors regarding the items were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. The reliability of the study variables with more than 7/0 was measured by Cronbach's alpha.
Discussion of Results & The citizenship culture, relative deprivation, family differences, and lawlessness were independent variables in present research. The inter-ethnic conflict variable was the dependent variable, measured in intellectual, emotional, spoken, behavioral dimensions. The results of the T-test showed that ethnic conflict of Laks was more than those of the Lors. The highest mean was observed in emotional dimension and the lowest mean in spoken dimension, so that Laks had more intellectual and spoken conflicts than Lors. The behavioral lawlessness was observed among respondents more than subjective lawlessness. The relative deprivation was with the highest average in the social and economic dimension and the least deprivation in the political and cultural dimension. The most family strifes were considered in ethnic affiliation and tribal bias. The highest mean of the variable of citizenship culture was observed in the dimension of civic behavior, altruism and the least mean in the dimensions of trust, universalism and participation. The research results also indicated that there was significant relationship among the ethnic conflict as the dependent variable and age, ethnicity, civic culture, citizenship culture, lawlessness, relative deprivation, and family strifes. However, significant relationship was not observed between individual characteristics of marital status, employment status, education, income and ethnic strife. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that the age groups of 20-28 and 29-37 had the highest average of ethic conflict. Multivariate analysis also showed that lawlessness, relative deprivation, ethnicity, culture citizenship and family strifes have been able to explain 39.8 percent of variance of inter-ethnic conflict that among them, family strifes variable had the greatest impact on ethnic conflicts. The adjusted coefficient of determination and the multiple correlation coefficient were obtained 0.39 and 0.63, respectively. The results of the path analysis showed that the family differences with 0.38 of the total impact had the most impact on ethnic conflict, while other variables included lawlessness with 0.21, the variable of citizenship culture with 0. 19, relative deprivation variable with -0.08 percent, and ethnicity with -0.05 percent, had impact on ethnic conflict

Among the phenomena and factors regulating social order, the law is the axis of solidarity and coherence of any society.The purpose of this study is to explain the escape rule based on Travis Hirschi's social link theory.Social links and social networking links are an important factor in the coherence and sense of responsibility of individuals in relation to formal and informal rules of society.Statistics in the studied society indicate high level of disorder and legal exclusion in areas such as crimes (criminal and non-judicial), violations of administrative, administrative and other matters.The findings showed that the highest and lowest area of ​​law-abidingness is related to driving guidance and cultural-educational exclusion law.It was found that there is a significant relationship between gender, marital status, income status and job status.Correlation coefficients indicate a significant relationship between the social link variable with the law of escape rule and the combined index of total escape rule.The overall result is that as much as a person with links and a network of strong social connections with society, it will be equally legitimate.

In the case of the authority and the possibility of referring to the Muslim judge and the judge, arbitration and litigation against the judge and non-Islamic court are not permissible. In this regard, there are cited adages, including verses, narrations, consensus and jurisprudence, but the important thing is to refer to Judge Adil and Muslims do not exist. In this case, it is permissible for judges to judge international arbitration and whether it is permissible for a non-Muslim judge to judge Muslims in accordance with the judge's order; the jurisprudents have different opinions in this regard for some of the references. It is permissible for international non-Islamic tribunals to be entitled to secondary titles, such as emergency, harm, and harassment. In this paper, by using the descriptive-analytical method, different views of the jurists and the reasons for the litigation were investigated in non-Islamic tribunals, and four possible cases were considered for obtaining by the courts.

Trust is an important element in facilitating social relations. The main purpose of this research was to study the relationship between the degree of lawlessness and social trust in interpersonal relationships among residents over the age of 18 years in the city of Yasuj. In this research, the Giddens and Zetomka's viewpoints have been employed for the theoretical framework.
This research methodology is of a survey type. The instruments were researcher-made and other-made questionnaires. The statistical population of the research included 88278 people based on the census of the country in 2011. The sample size was calculated as 384 using the Lane table (1976). In order to achieve the research samples, a systematic stratified random sampling and multi-stage method has been used. The face validity was used to assess validity, and the Cronbach's alpha test was used to assess the internal consistency (reliability) of dependent variables and independent variables.
Findings: The results of this study showed that there was no significant correlation between the level of lawlessness and social trust in interpersonal relationships, due to Pearson correlation coefficient (r = -0.226) and significant level (Sig = 0.617). Also, according to the Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.15) and significant level (Sig = 0.225), there is a significant relationship between the age of respondents and their level of social trust in interpersonal relationships, and with increasing the age, the level of social trust of respondents in the interpersonal relationships increases slightly.
By increasing or decreasing the degree of lawlessness of individuals, no change in their level of social trust in interpersonal relationships would be made.

Cohesion and Coherence in society are maintained through legality and legality is defined as the acceptance of the logic of law. Some people break the law or at least do not respect it. In order to clarify the roots of lawlessness, one should explore it from different viewpoints. The present paper tries to answer this question:” which factors (Political, management, economic, legal, and socio-cultural) lead to lawfulness”? The paper aims at presenting a model for identifying effective factors in lawlessness in Iran. The findings show that political, economic, legal, management, and socio-cultural factors exert effects in lawlessness.