جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "women's participation" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the barriers to women's participation in the Reyhan Shahr Project of District 12 of Tehran Municipality. This research has used the qualitative method and grounded theory strategy. In-depth and semi-structured interviews with 35 participants were used to collect data. The results show that the identified central phenomenon of social reconstruction is structural heterogeneity in the mentality of activists; which is a set of background conditions including: preference of individual issues over neighborhood issues, role conflict and pressure, understanding of the municipality as a service to social institution, a set of causal conditions including: lack of positive feedback from previous plans, disproportionate information, unseen issues, Ambiguity of the Reyhan Shahr plan, lack of attention to the level of capabilities of the participants, idealism instead of realism, monetization of Reyhan Shahr, ignoring social contexts, being in the process of development, complexity at the beginning of the plan, complexity during the implementation of the plan, and technology complexity The design and set of intervening conditions including: unstable plans, institutional mistrust, contemporary organizational issues and powerlessness originate in the power ladder. As a result of the set of said factors, the opinions and constructions of the activists include the lack of belief in the effectiveness of the plan and the idea that Reyhan Shahr plan is a show. Policy proposals are included in the text.

In every society, women make up half of the population. Half of the active population and half of the population that can have a significant impact on the growth and development of the next generation and the national development of a country. Political and social factors are among the most important factors that provide the ground for women's participation in political participation or are obstacles to their presence. ،The role of women in the political participation, especially the current society of Afghanistan, which requires the presence and participation of more experts in the society and that a significant percentage of it is women. The purpose of this article is to identify and rank important political and social factors affecting women's political participation. Afghanistan uses structural equation analysis. The present study is one of the descriptive-field researches that has been used to collect data using the distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study includes all adult citizens of Kabul, which using a random sampling method with Cochran's formula, the sample is estimated at 375 people. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method with partial least squares approach with Smart-PLS software and Friedman test in SPSS software was used to rank. The results of data analysis show that political factors are approved with a coefficient of 3.06 and are ranked first with a coefficient of 1.27 and social factors are approved with a coefficient of 4.76 and are ranked second with a coefficient of 1.28.

Previous experience in development project and trust their building has always played a major role in local people's participation in future rural development projects. Nevertheless, planners and policy makers often neglect such experiences and implement development programs in areas with negative experience. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis of a significant relationship between rural woman's trust in MENARID projects and their participation in future empowerment projects in Kermanshah Provinc. For this purpose, a descriptive cross-sectional descriptive survey method was used and information was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The study population was women involved in the Menarid Project (N = 270), 160 of whom were studied using simple random sampling. In this study, simple linear regression coefficient using SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. According to the findings, the Menarid project has been able to build moderate to high trust in rural women. The results of Pearson correlation between the two variables of trust and participation indicate that the two variables have a positive and significant correlation and 54% of the changes in the dependent variable of participation in future empowerment projects are explained by trust in previous projects. Finally, suggestions were made to planners and officials.

Along with rural development, women are always interested in participating in the labor force in non-agricultural activities and the service sector in society. This society consists of uninterrupted paths and networks drawn by people in space. The space-time path is the main charter of time geography and the obstacles and time-space constraints in the employment path of rural women in Varzeqan county is an issue that the present study has analyzed. The research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. A total of 45 women were selected to participate in the survey and answer multiple-choice questions (Likert scale) and 25 of these participated in in-depth qualitative interviews. The interviews were purposeful and the sample size was selected through Convenient Sampling. In the qualitative part, the method of "guided introspection research" using MAXQDA 20 software was used. In the quantitative part, SEM using the PLS method with Smart PLS software was used., as the main themes in the space-time constraints of rural women's participation Were recognized in the workforce. "Vital space" in terms of leading rural women in the time-space charter to low-paying jobs; "The ideology of the man as breadwinner (gender stereotypes)" means the man as the main provider of the family's economic livelihood and the woman's dependence; "Time-space crisis conditions" in the sense that women are seen as a potential reserve labor force are the most important constraints on the participation of rural women in the labor force in thetime geography .

TWomen play an important role in determining family consumption pattern and decreasing environmental pollutions. They can prevent risky actions that damage the environment by their function. This descriptive-documentary research was conducted with the purpose of investigating the Islamic view on environment protection, the relationship between humans and nature, and the solutions for increasing women's participation in environment activities. According to the results, respecting the Islamic teachings, including the spirit of contentment and the avoidance of overconsumption which is emphasized in Islam, can be effective in protecting the environment and preventing the destruction of natural resources.

The society of Muslim Brothers is a transnational movement of Sunni Islamist and one of the biggest effective political currents in the recent decade in the world of Islam that women's effective role in political and social events of this current is not undeniable. This descriptive-documentary study was conducted with the aim of investigating the evolution of women's political and social participation from the view of the Muslim Brothers' scholars. After reviewing the related sources, a research that independently focuses on this issue was not found. According to the results, the dependent variable, women's political and social participation, depends on the governance view of the Muslim Brothers' scholars in the form of three governance models. In the model of "Islamic governance", regarding the time and the view of the Muslim Brothers' scholars on the verses and narratives, women's participation is limited to political and social affairs. In the governance model of "Islamic socialism", equity is more visible. In the model of "civil governance", due to the increase of literacy rate and women's demands, and some scholars' new approach to religious teachings, there is a considerable evolution, so that women's participation in all political and social fields, except leadership and governing, is acceptable; although, one scholar believing in this model, says that women can even be a governor.

In recent years, attention has been paid to the participation of rural women in rural management. However, the entry of women into the field of rural management faces a significant delay. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze the barriers of rural women's tendency to participate in rural executive management in the villages of Zanjan County.  Documentary and field methods were used for the descriptive and analytical study to collect data. The statistical population of this research were two levels of local people (319 sample people) and local managers (26 people). The results of Friedman's test showed that from local people’s perspective, institutional and organizational barriers with an average rank of 3.32 and economic and financial barriers with an average rating of 2.72 were the highest and lowest causes. On the other hand, analyzing the local managers’ ideas showed that institutional and organizational barriers with an average rating of 3.47 and informational and communication barriers with 2.57 are the most and least causes of women's non-participation in village management. The results of the factor analysis test showed that, from local people’s point of view, there are individual and personality factors, social and cultural environment, institutional, organizational, informational, communicational and economic factors and from the point of view of local managers, there are social and cultural environment factors, individual and personality, institutional and organizational factors. Informational and communicational and financial factors were the most important barriers. The results showed that there were many barriers in the tendency of rural women to participate in the executive management of villages.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs with emotional, psychological, social, and cultural factors.

The research method was descriptive correlation and data collection in the field and applied using a questionnaire and terms of using the results. The study's population includes all women participating in rhythmic sports movements in 1-4 districts of Tehran. First, SPSS Sample Power software was used to calculate the sample size. Then 384 persons were randomly selected. First, the participants completed the researcher-made questionnaire of women's participation in exercise programs, the emotional, social, and cultural factors questionnaire, and the psychological factors questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972). Then, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, skew and tensile statistics, heuristic analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient test.

 The results showed a significant relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs and emotional, social, psychological, and cultural factors (p<0.05).

There is a significant relationship between women's participation in rhythmic sports programs and cultural factors.

The aim of this study was to explain the sociology of factors affecting women's participation in public sports in Gorgan. This research was a qualitative in which the Grounded Theory method was used. The statistical population of this study included elite female athletes, coaches and experts in the field of public sports, specialists and professors of physical education and sports sciences. Using snowball sampling method, 15 individuals were selected as the sample. In order to ensure the reliability of the obtained data, two methods of retest reliability and intercoder reliability were applied. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Based on the analysis, 46 open codes were extracted, which were classified into 5 categories (subcategories): personal barriers, family barriers, facilities and economic barriers, cultural barriers and social barriers. According to the results, it could be concluded that part of the barriers to women's participation in public sports were related to personal factors and the other part was related to environmental and social factors. It is suggested that by increasing women's awareness about the benefits of physical activity and also removing some cultural, environmental and social barriers, the necessary ground for women to participate more in public sports should be provided.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of using social networks in women's empowerment. The present study was a quantitative method that was conducted on the staff of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran.Women in the study population have a high level (34.66%) of using social networks. The total correlation and severity of the relationship between the variable of using virtual social networks and the components of empowerment in women was 0.677 and was confirmed at a significance level of 0.05, which indicates a significant relationship. There is a strong link between the use of virtual social networks by women and their empowerment. The use of social networks also improves their empowerment by increasing women's knowledge, reducing their isolation and increasing social participation. The value of correlation coefficient (R) between the variables was 0.797, which indicates a strong relationship between independent and dependent variables. Overall, the research findings indicate that social networks are one of the most effective methods in empowering women in the present age and its effects on creating social change in women can be proven.

In this study, an attempt is made to analyze the dimensions of the role of women's rights in the urban space. Due to the nature of the subject, addressing the issue of presence and participation from the perspective of women's rights and not just the dimensions of the quality of urban space is one of the innovative aspects of this research. For this purpose, through interviews and questionnaires, random sampling method was performed on 200 women referring to Jomhuri Eslami Street and the required data were collected. The type of research is applied and the analysis is done by quantifying qualitative data using SPSS software. Accordingly, two categories of measures focused on the requirements of women's presence and participation and the diversity of women's presence and participation in urban space were questioned. Based on the results, it was found that, firstly, the score of the criteria attributed to women's rights (which indicates the requirements for the presence and participation of women in urban space) is higher than the score of criteria attributed to the right to difference (which indicates the need for a diverse range of women in space). Second, there is a significant relationship between age, marital status, level of education and length of stay in space with the right to the city. In most of the questions, the women respondents admitted that they face serious restrictions on being in public. Using path analysis for factors related to women's rights and participation was identified and two measures of diversity of presence of people with the aim of spending leisure time, women's spaces are the least effective. On the other hand, the four measures of diversity of current activities in space, security, proper lighting of the space at night and the absence of hidden spaces,

This article attempts to answer the question of why Iranian women participate in the Arbaeen walk. For this purpose, 20 in-depth interviews were conducted with Iranian women participating in Arbaeen's walk and qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the data. These are: 1. The themes of the Mahdism and the Apocalypse, which some participants attribute to the people of the world for the purpose of introducing Arbaeen to the people of the world, 2. The themes related to the moral and educational realm Along the way, women participating in the Arbane Walk believe that the Arbane Walk will lead to self-improvement and Helps get people trained, 3. Propaganda themes referring to people's propaganda after returning from traveling with family and friends, as well as live broadcast footage of the media, 4. Cultural themes in which women participating in the Arbaeen Walk believe that Iraqi families were welcomed as well as the generosity they experienced only during Arbaeen pilgrimage among Iraqi people who consider themselves servants of al-Hussein (AS). And also the pilgrims' respect for Hermitage and religion so that there is no difference between Iranian pilgrims and other nationalities Service does not feel right. 5. Religious and religious themes that speak of the traditions of God and Imam Hussein (AS), especially along the path of walking. Some of the women participating, along with other causes, intend to hike and take walks.

The present study, in a local settlements sustainable development framework, has a systematic and holistic overview of promoting women's participation in the development of economic and social activities in the Tarom area; It intends to identify factors affecting women's participation and the development of local settlements (urban and rural), and the degree of importance of each factor. In this descriptive- analytical research, views of 391 households in 24 settlements were randomly studied. Statistical analysis and qualitative study shows that family and individual abilities of women, and the capability of agricultural and non-agricultural beneficiary households have provided an effective participation of women in economic and social activities in the study area, rather than supportive and guidance policies of political system. Thus, technical training for women, giving official documents to obtain a license for establishing agricultural processing industries, self-employment loans, and paying attention to the role of women in rural-urban settlements development planning process are recommended.

 Some Western ideologies, such as feminism, consider women’s sociopolitical participation as a duty for them and the ultimate goal for their empowerment. In the meantime, some governments like the United States have used this as a cover to represent themselves as the proponents of human rights, and the rights of women in particular, to pretend that Islamic perspective is against this branch of human rights. This paper has adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to delve into Imam Khomeini’s viewpoints on the rights of women to participate in sociopolitical activities. The results of this study indicate that, thanks to Imam Khomeini’s all-embracing knowledge on Islamic teachings, he has had a precise and thorough approach toward the conceptual domain of the rights of women in social and political participation. Although Imam Khomeini has never rendered it religiously forbidden – and still religiously recommended in some cases - he has considered superb role and goal for women such as playing an active role in upbringing the Islamic society. In Imam Khomeini’s thought, women can be employed but this must not end in forgetting, denying or understating principal responsibilities of women. Therefore, in Imam Khomeini’s school of thought, Islam considers women’s presence and their activities primarily within the family atmosphere and inside the house. While placing emphasis on women’s participation in the social activities, Islam insists on their primary role in the house as a good mother and a good wife.

In the early fifth century (AH), the Seljuks government was established in the East of Iran. They were Turk migrants. The Seljuks established the broadest Islamic empire due to their victory over the Ghaznavids and the Buwaihids. The participation of khatouns in power during the Seljuk period was an indicator phenomenon and its effects are seen in the historical sources. The present research, based on historical sources especially encyclopedias and political histories, seeks to answer this question: “How and in what ways the Seljuk Khatouns influenced the political body of the state?” The authors believe that the Seljuk queens had both direct and indirect roles in the state institutions, in the structure of the government and in the political and military developments. Their direct roles involved consulting the Sultans, establishing an independent organization, exerting pressure on the Seljuk kings to determine the crown and entering the political rivalry at court. Political marriages to establish diplomatic relations with the other governments was among their indirect roles.

The aim of this study was to determine the source separation of waste and the participation of women in Shiraz city. To collect data a questionnaire of 23 questions randomly distributed among 380 inhabitant women in the 6 and 7, Shiraz regions. Descriptive statistical was implemented to analyze the collected data. The results showed that the rate of women's participation in 6 area (uptown urban residence) was significantly more than the 7 area (downtown urban residence). Income, education level, age, education and giving information on source separation plan, impacted the rate of women's participation in the separation and collection of waste. The awareness promotion of the source separation through education was considered as the most effective way to increase the women participation in source separation plan.

This research has been conducted to examine the factors influencing the employed women’s participation in taking management positions in Maragheh public schools. Based on the conceptual model of the research, individual, organizational and cultural factors were recognized influential in employed women’s rate of participation in taking managerial positions. To confirm or reject the impact of these factors, the research data were obtained by administering a researcher-made questionnaire on a sample of 256 subjects selected from among the female managers working in public schools of Maragheh (in 1390-1392 academic years). Then, to find out the relationship between the dependent and independent variables, the data were analyzed using the fixed Pearson test, the one-sample t-test and regression analysis. The results indicate that the three hypotheses are accepted. In other words, individual, organizational and cultural factors influence employed women’s rate of participation in taking management positions in Maragheh public schools. As a final point, we can say that, based the research results, cultural factors have the highest impact on employed women’s rate of participation in taking management positions.

Today, the mentality should be revised that a village is an atmosphere bounded in a special place with a set of economic and geography circumstances. A better understanding of rural features requires a deeper understanding of our rural areas where social relations and gender relations are well understood. Rural areas, like other geographic areas, are highly generized spaces and all behaviors and actions reflect attitudes, beliefs and opinions concerning the status, roles and responsibilities of both sexes. The role of women in Iran has been a relatively traditional one due to the strong cultural customs. The process of Development has caused many changes in social relations in rural areas. These changes are more significant in women's role and status. This Research relies on gender analysis in order to identify the impact of geographic areas of villages on the attitude towards women and their participation. The method used in this research is descriptive-survey research and data is gathered through questionnaires. Reliability of the Questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha that was calculated 0.88 for women's participation, 0.93 for men’s attitudes towards women's working and 0.90 for women's attitudes towards their working. The statistical society were men and women living in rural villages and rural districts of Moreedan rural district of Langerood county located in the North of Iran and Hooly rural district of Paveh in Central Iran. These districts have different types of livelihood, such that Moreedan rural district of Langerood county located in the North of Iran which has an agricultural base, relies on Rice and Tea cultivation and Hooly rural district of Paveh in Central Iran has nomadism as their main livelihood. From the total statistical population, 124 family from Moreidan in Langeroud Township and 106 households from Hooly rural district in Paveh were selected randomly by Cochran Formula. With the understanding that a diversity of standpoints often exist with regard to the effects of a geographical space, an effort was made to capture input from a broad range of places and groups, including villagers of varied ages and both genders, and with different occupations, concerning attitudes towards women's participation. In addition, many informal interviews and discussions were held with the residents concerning their feelings about women's participation and their status in the family and the society. In addition, on-site observations were conducted of people's daily activities. The overall purpose of the research was to elicit the attitudes of rural communities towards a variety of issues related to their opinion about women's duties and rights and their experience of involvement in economic and social activities. The questionnaire was primarily based upon a 64 item, 5-point Likert scale, which addressed the following themes linked to the alleged challenges of gender relations: _ Attitudes towards gender duties and rights and their relationship with the involvement of rural women in rural activities, _ Explore the effect of the geographical factor on the community’s attitudes towards women's participation in economic and social activities, _ The relationship between women's self consciousness and their motivation for attending the skill training classes and also between men’s willingness for women's participation in different activities in rural areas, and _ The relevance of the cultural and socio-economic factors in successful participation of women in the two different geographical spaces. Test results and analysis in SPSS showed that there is a significant difference between women's attitudes in Langerood and Paveh towards their social rights and duties. Also there is a significant positive relationship between positive attitudes of women towards themselves, Women’s willingness to participate in training classes, willingness and positive attitude of men towards women with the Variable of women’s participation. In addition, a significant difference between the positive attitudes of men towards women’s activities in the two cities was seen and this leads to a significant difference in women's participation in social and economic activities in Moreedan and Hooly rural districts.in Moreedan and Hooly rural districts. So we can conclude that the positive opinion of men about women's duties and rights as well as the worth of their daily work has a great effect on successful participation and partnership of women in the rural areas. Thus we suggest that for all gender-based programs, it is necessary to prepare the rural space and change the gender relations through training and improve men’s awareness. Considering the geographical differences between the studied areas leading to two different types of livelihood, the hypothesis of this study based on differences in attitudes towards women’s participation and work was confirmed.