جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "political geography" در نشریات گروه "تاریخ"

Al-Jalair or Ilkani were one of the great Mongol clans who were able to dominate parts of Iran, Azerbaijan and Iraq during the 8th and 9th centuries of AH. Al Jalayr has been less studied compared to the wide political influence he gained after the death of Abu Saeed Ilkhani. The purpose of this research is to investigate the area of expansion and influence of al-Jalair, in this regard, the information extracted from coins, especially mints and their minting date, was compared with the information and events mentioned in the texts. In some examples, there are contradictions between the name and date of the mint with the historical events recorded in that period, in fact, this research aims to answer these contradictions by using the science of numismatics and history. The primary core of this research is the Jalayri coins kept in the collection of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardabili and the Archaeological Museum of Ardabil province, and in order to complete the information, other reliable numismatic sources were also used. . The results show that the Jalairians were able to mint coins in Tabriz first and then spread to Iraq and other parts of Azerbaijan and Eastern Anatolia. Al-Jalair's dominance over these regions was not consecutive due to his numerous assistances with Al-Shuja'a and Al-Timur. During most of their rule, Al-Jalair dominated parts of Iraq, Azarbaijan, Iran, Khuzestan, Sharvan and Ghastasbi and penetrated in areas such as Malik Rum and Iraq Ajam for a short period of time. One of the most powerful rulers of this tribe is Sheikh Awais, besides Iraq, he was able to dominate the North-West, West and South-West of Iran, Asia Minor and Shirvan. Even in a limited time, he minted coins in the central regions of Iran and the city of Shiraz. After Sheikh Owais, the influence and power of Al-Jalair had a downward trend, and finally the survivors of this government were limited to the Khuzestan region.

One of the most pressing challenges of the ancient world and the modern age has been to compete over the resources of far and near lands. The competition that led to outright wars overwhelmed the conqueror of war over all political geographical components of a climate, including space, , and human resources. So the climates have and will have a significant role in the wars. An examination of this issue from the angle of history and geopolitics and its adaptation to what took place on Iranian soil between 1914 and 1945 is a benchmark for comparing and targeting the geopolitical features of Iran with the onset of two major world wars in the half century. Twentieth confronts the researcher. As geopolitical science is a relatively new concept, in the context of the sciences of history, geography and politics, it has become more consolidated after the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War, as well as concepts such as Hartland and Remland. The origins of many history wars, especially those of the 19th and 20th centuries, can be traced. Geopolitics Although it studies all the climates of the world, climates such as Iran, Egypt, the Indian subcontinent, the Iberian peninsula, the Balkan peninsula, etc. are always more important because of the greater human opposition to them. It has happend. This study examines the geopolitical features of Iran's climate that have fueled many wars and the causes of the outbreak of the First and Second World Wars.

New divisions in the geographical spheres of Satraps were a crucial issue in Dariush I Era Iran, following that the administerial organization of Satraps changed dramatically according to the security needs of Iran. It seems that the revolt of some Satraps in Achaemenid Era and some observatory weaknesses of the kingdom culminated in dividing the administerial-political geography of these lands so that they could not revolt again. Armenia in Dariush I era also witnessed crucial changes including changes in administrating the land so that order and security be established in the Satrap. The Greek sources and clay tablet documents confirms that crucial changes have been happened in the figures of the Satraps. In this research, the authors try to explain the administerial-security developments of Armenia in the mentioned time period by using descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that the Achaemenid Government had to retreat its policy regarding respect for teritorial integrity of its Satraps and do new administerial -security reforms in order to control and manage easily the crucial crises of its vast geographical realm. This was not possible except through minimizing the geographical sphere of Satrap's administerial-political area.