جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ادبیات سیاسی » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Behrouz Buchani, an Iranian Kurdish refugee, is one of the contemporary writers whose literary work is focused on portraying human crises arising from migration to the Western world and facing the inverted reality that is incompatible with his idea of ​​the destination world as a utopia and appearing in the form of a ruined city. The novel No Friend But the Mountains, which is the outcome of the tragedy of the death of the imaginations of the immigrant people in achieving utopia and the destruction of the dream built from the idea of ​​Westernism as a safe haven in escaping the political-social insecurities of the motherland, is a realistic account of the destruction of people's lives that their fate in the vortex of rejection and antagonism in the destination society leads to prison and violation of human rights and dignity and alienation and hegemony of the kyriarchal system in order to cast a shadow on the prisoner's will. Due to the fact that so far no independent research has investigated the consequences of the migration of diasporic and immigrant populations in the novel No Friend But the Mountains, the author intends to investigate this phenomenon in this novel. The fundamental issue of the current research is that the consequences of the migration of the immigrant and diasporic populations, how and in what forms are they expressed in this novel and with what concepts are they linked?

One of the important and fundamental currents of contemporary poetry is symbolic or symbolic poetry. According to many critics and experts, one of the main reasons for the tendency and attention of contemporary poets to symbolic poetry is the change and evolution of the political and social atmosphere of Iran in the contemporary era. In addition to this opinion, we can also mention the familiarity of poets with European poetic trends and the school of symbolism. During the constitutional era, the use of symbols, especially symbols related to natural and four elements, served to express the political-social intentions and goals of poets. Therefore, the purpose of the upcoming research is to examine the four elements of nature (water, wind, Soil, fire) in constitutional poetry in order to specify how the poets of this era have used these elements to explain their political and social goals.

This article is based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method.

Paying attention to the four elements has always had a prominent place and role among the culture and beliefs of various nations, including Iranian writers and poets, and has caused deep and significant thoughts, ideas and concepts to appear in Persian poetry in various periods. It has appeared in wide and artistic forms. During the constitutional era, especially the poems of Mirzadeh Eshghi, Aref Qazvini and Nasim Shomal, symbolization using the elements of nature has been paid attention to in order to pay attention to social and political issues.

Mirzadeh Eshghi, Nasim Shomal and Aref Qazvini, according to the four elements of water, wind, earth and fire, concepts such as homeland, destruction and rebellion of kings and tyrannical rulers, the destruction of the homeland and the loss of freedom and independence of the country and its colonization by foreigners have depicted.

Bakhtiyar Ali is one of the famous contemporary Kurdish writers whose literary works represent sufferings of the Kurdish people in the lands occupied by the totalitarian governments, and on a larger scale, the image of the oppressed humanity of the contemporary man in the era of the hegemony of war and violence. The novel Bandar Fayli, which depicts the genocide and deportation of the Fayli Kurds, is a true account of the destruction of the life of a Fayli child whose people faced denial of their identity. The fate of the child and his mother is caught in the Baathists' vortex of dehumanization resulting in suffering, lack of freedom and the trampling of their human dignity. In the absence of research on the phenomenon of dehumanization that occurs in the novel, the present research is concerned with the ways in which Bandar Fayli represents the forms and mechanisms of dehumanization and their connection with other related concepts. To this aim, the author has used a descriptive-analytical method informed by a psychological study of the dehumanization features in this novel. Ethnic dehumanization, double dehumanization, mechanical dehumanization, animal dehumanization, demonization, and dementalization are among the most frequent manifestations of dehumanization in the novel and serve as a pretext to justify acts of genocide and deportation as means to continue the process of mental and physical torture to exert the utmost control over the victim's fate, in a way that has accelerated the cycle of destruction of the character's personality as a suppressed subject.

Beyond the one-sided tenet based on the self-centeredness of totalitarian and fascist regimes, is engraved the elimination of the other from the domain of power and legitimacy, and the deprivation of human rights and citizenship within the framework of the self-written law of considering the other as an inferior race and a hostile enemy in opposition to the integral values of the totalitarian system which defines everything and everyone in the form of a single self-believer in the manifesto of the central totalitarian state, and, by denying the identity of another as an alien, tries to redefine the collective identity in the framework of extreme and fascist racism. Following such an idea, the present age has turned into a hegemonic era of war, violence bloodshed, and genocide, and, the elimination of racial minorities in order to homogenize the belief-ethnic structure of societies under the domination of totalitarian governments shows itself on the injured face of human rights. The result of a hostile attitude towards others and trying to subjugate racial groups is resorting to violence and horrible crimes which has turned the contemporary period into a scene of prehistoric killings and violent behavior and removed the characteristic of civility, coexistence and peaceful human dialogue from its face.

Mohammad Rasoul Havar, an Iraqi Kurdish poet, is a contemporary poet in the 20th century, that her life time was contemporary with the dominance of fascist regimes and the shadow of imperialism's hegemony over Iraqi Kurdistan in order to advance the strategic policy of colonialism. In such a situation, Havar, as a committed poet, has turned his poems into a representation of the political-social and economic damages caused by imperialist policies. In the background of the poet's critical and anti-imperialist attitude, in addition to the occupation and colonization of the motherland, there are fundamental factors that have led the poet to anti-colonialism and anti-imperialist approach. Since an independent research has not investigated the factors of Havar's tendency towards anti-imperialist thought, the author is determined to investigate this phenomenon in his poems. The fundamental issue of the current research is that how and in what formats are the underlying factors of the anti-imperialist approach manifested in the poet's poems and with what concepts are they connected? In order to investigate this issue, the author has used the descriptive-analytical method based on the sociological investigation of the poet's compositions. War-mongering and commercial attitude towards the fate of colonized nations, depriving the colonized and paying attention to imperialist-capitalist interests, the trade and spread of narcotics in the colonies, the false claims and propaganda of imperialism about human rights, The silence of Western imperialism against the slaughter of the Kurdish people and their role in ruining the fate of the Kurds in cooperation with

Lyrical literature and hence romantic poetry is a collection of feelings, emotions and representations of human relationships which has been widely used in different eras and discourses with various even conflicting functions and manifestations. Romantic poetry, distancing from political poetry, discusses politics of literature rather than political literature. However, modern Iranian poetry, deeply connected with politics and protest literature, establishes a different relation between dramatic poetry and political poetry. Shamlou is one of the prominent poets of political poetry whose antagonism and political conflicts are sources of metaphors and constructions in romance. This paper, based on critical discourse analysis, emphasizing the concept of "antagonism" as a key concept in politics, shows that politics is related to romance in two ways. First, such romances are new experiences to represent human relationships. Second, they are against traditional literature, since Shamlou by changing the rhetoric of romantic poetry created a type of literature that is romance in surface but resistance literature in depth.

The connection between the science of literature and the science of politics is an old-fashioned connection; Despite the many differences in nature, language, attitude, territory, method and purpose. It has the ability to research and study from different angles; But in this article, the purpose of the relationship between politics and literature is not "Literature as an alternative to politics or politics as an alternative to literature". Rather, the question is: what is the reflection and presence of politics in the field of literature? In fact, the purpose of this connection; is the same style in which literature deals with political discourse by selecting it, which is interpreted as "political literature." In addition, another focus of this study is the impact and interaction of political currents and approaches in the face of literary criticism and comparative literature. This theoretical and interdisciplinary article examines and analyzes how trade and their kinship are divided into three domains: political literature, comparative literature, and literary criticism while pointing to the structural differences between the two worlds of literature and politics with approach and method. Descriptive-analytical.Keywords: Interdisciplinary Studies, Political Literature, Comparative Literature, Literary Criticism, Political Science.

One concept of lyrical literature in contemporary period which influenced thoughts and languages of speakers of it , is political and social complaints. Focusing on such concepts, many poets talked about instabilities and challenges of that period. This article will examine reasons for the importance of contemporary period and poets’ poems in this period which focuses on political and social issues.This article will also examine social and political complaints in the poems of Parviz Khanlari and Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi;two famous poets of contemporary period. Parviz Khanlari is among contemporary poets who couldn’t refer to political and social problems in his poems because of his political and social position, but he included such problems in his poems implicitly. Social sufferings, objection to anti-values, political repression and absence of freedom are among the concepts included in his anthology of poems. Hamidi is also one of the skilled poets who is capable of referring to political and social issues and complaints against his country’s instabilities. He included political and social issues and complaints in his “Salhaye siah” anthology. In this collection, he referred to people’s pains and problems, inefficiency of the government, brutality of Pahlavi Regime, starvation and superiority of plunderers. This article will examine political and social complaints in a descriptive and analytical manner in the poems of referring poets.

As we know, the oral literature of each nation is the best expressive of the beliefs and minds of a nation and its ruling policies, and the history of any nation can be sought through reflection on the culture of that nation, including their songs. The songs and ballads that sometimes have been united by a state or a policy, or in accordance with certain political conditions, are born, such as the poems and songs of the mashrote period, which are in this period of thematic and thematic unity, and themes such as invitations to The struggle, the depiction of the curiosity of the kings, the expression of the crimes of the domestic and foreign tyrants and their treason to the Iranian nation, the praise of freedom and its martyrs, and the induction of hope for the future, the invitation to fight by helping with elements such as raising the level of people's awareness and commemorating the martyrs Way of freedom Hence, various manifestations of ritualistic, national and humanistic literacy were formed. In order to flourish these components, the mashrote age has contributed a lot, because it initiated new developments in the political and social arena, and consequently, changes in the field of culture and literature of the country such as democracy. In this essay, we try to investigate the poems of the mashrote era, the coordination of the poets as well as the thematic unity of the poems. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical (library) method.

One of the most important sections of Iran contemporary history is among the 1320 to the 1332. In this period, some kind of power vacume has been occurred in the country after Reza Shah had been collapsed from power by Mottafe qin. As the result of this situation and lacking a dictatorship power, an free political space has been formed typically called a second – hand democracy. For the first time, different parties, groups and political teams with various thoughts and procedures found this chance to introduce themselves in this period after the beginning years of constitution. The effect of this period on Iran literature has been considered in this research and the main content of prospect belonging to the most important poets of this period has been tried to be considered by designing a question about the general condition of political literature in the domain of poetry by using library collecting information and descriptive-analysis method. Ultimately, it has been concluded that because of free political space during these years and expressing hopes to improve the condition, the prospect of Iran political literature in poetry has been faced with clear differences in comparison to Reza shah’s hard period. This condition made the poetry lead to humanity, commitment, inviting to , realism and designing optimistic concepts.

The most brilliant Persian poets and writers –from past to present time- have reflected the events and condition of their time in their works. Many of them have been more careful, sensitive and witty in analizing the problems of life than other social scholars. They have socialized with people and have felt responsibility about the problems of society. So, they have fought corruption and aberration of the governing class and have criticized bravely.Sometimes, to become safe and secure from murdering and excommunication, they have prefered to choose an indirect way for their they have either used spiritual leaders, sages, and even animals, as their characters, or have taken advantage of satiric and ironic language in their writings.The writes of this article have tried to ponder this kind of poetry, in general and quote some samples of it as well.