جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ecology » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

In this study, the formalism of the ecological orientation of the novel Sayeh Malakh is based on the element of simile and using the technique of content analysis. Sayeh Malakh is one of the realist novels in the field of sacred defense literature, the realism of which is depicted in a comparative and tangible linguistic expression. The results of this study show that the simile in this novel is a key element in realizing the events of the story and since the events of the novel have taken place in a rural setting, most of the comparisons are about nature and the environment around which the main narrator lives and his epistemological world is quite familiar with. The environmental comparisons in this novel have played a major role in creating spaces, characterizations, and creating an environmental discourse and calling the environment to the center of attention and preventing it from fading. Most importantly, the analysis of the environmental discourse in this novel is based on three types of fear (fear of starvation, hunting, and darkness) that form the basis of human interaction with the environment.

The term eco-critique or ecological critique was coined by William Rueckert in 1978, and this stream of critique and vision was a late reaction to the literature in the face of the environmental crisis. This theory was soon considered in literary and social circles and had various branches and approaches, the most important of which was ecofeminism, which considers the study of nature from a feminist point of view because nature is also inherently a mythical principle, Female believes that like a woman, her rights should be defended and protected from harms. Based on the three axes of Janet Henshal, this article compares the poems of Golrokhsar Safi Ava and Suzan Alawan from the point of view of ecofeminist critique. These two poets in addition to talking about their feminine concerns use nature for imagery, empathy, ecological, and feminist positions. The result of the research shows that both poets have used the symbols of nature in their feminine illustrations dramatically and markedly. Their view of nature like their view of women, is compassionate and they consider both to be dominated by others. It should be noted that the method used in this study is a descriptive–analytical method using the American School of comparative literature

Ecolinguistics: Language, Ecology and the Stories We Live by, written by the British linguist and ecologist Arran Stibbe, is the second edition of the book that was first published in 2015 by Routledge and was one of the most prominent works focused on this relatively new interdisciplinary field of applied linguistics. The book, in its second edition (Stibbe, 2021), is organised in eleven chapters and, together with the appendix of the sources of data and the glossary of technical terms at the end of the book, contains a total of 260 pages. The present article will first give a brief overview of the background of the term “ecolinguistics”, and the advent of this field and the scope of its studies; that is because, as is often the case with many scientific disciplines, this cover term and its other related terms have been used in various senses since the emergence of the field. The content of the book in its second edition will then be looked at in detail.

Eco-criticism is a new approach in literary studies that seeks to bridge the gap between literature and the environment, given the increasing environmental concerns in recent decades. Ecofeminism is also a branch of eco-criticism that seeks to prove the claim that male culture has historically inflicted irreparable damage on women and nature. According to this theory, men are related more to culture and women more to nature. Although this idea is itself strongly opposed by feminists themselves, a historical study of the subject shows that women have always, willingly or unwillingly, more than men, connected with nature which is the main source of human food production because women have played a key role in providing food for the family. On the other hand, in all eras, especially in recent decades when the issue of ecological vulnerability to industrial advances has been addressed, women have taken far more serious steps than men to protect the environment.Farhad Hassanzadeh's novel "Hasti" is the story of a teenage girl who is forced to leave her hometown with her family in the early days of the war against Iraq. This novel, in addition to being focused on the effects of war on girls and women, shows that the author's attention is drawn to environmental concerns.

Whenever the place and quality of life simultaneously cause formation of predicates created by transmission of one situation to the other, we face eco-semiotics. As the basic elements forming human’s ecology are place and quality related to the place, therefore each ecology can be known as the tranjective chain. Berque, calls this tranjective chain mesology. Ecology can be a process if we consider a situation relating to a pre-situation and also cooperating to the next situation. In this process each existentialism is ready to be transferred to a new existentialism in the case of being put in the tranjective chain. This process formation is based on the idea that no existence is independent of the other existence. The best achievement of this mesologic idea is the deletion of bipolar world. Each existence has the ability of transmission inside the place and movement to the other existence. That’s why considering the existed experiments shows the formation of predicated based on the figures and interactive situations that each existence is completed on the process of action based on discontinue that cause its completion and transmutation. Regarding the subject, existences are various and grow up gradually inside time and place which are capable of being transferred. Our main aim of this research is showing the quality of existence growth and our main approach on this paper is formed by concentrating on human semiotics and visibility of existence. Also we’ll try to render literal eco-semiotics theory based on Berque’s mesologic idea and tranjective chain.

The present comparative article is about the ecologic review of nature's symbols in some selective poetries by Sohrab Sepehri and Robert Frost. Ecology is a new theory which emphasizes the human and nature's relationship. Symbol is a literary expression which is an image that symbolizes something else. If the symbols are taken from the nature they are called nature's symbols. They express daily thoughts, emotions and expressions indirectly. Poets apply the symbols in order to point the hidden facts of life and not as the point itself; it could be claimed that the poetry can be known as a symbol because of representing the thoughts and emotions. The present paper shows how Robert Frost from The United States and Sohrab Sepehri from Iran have applied the common symbols from the nature in their poetries. Their poetries relates the nature but their philosophy and view to the nature are completely different.

Ecocriticism, which studies the relationship between literature and ecology, is one of the less-known but worthy of research fields of study among interdisciplinary studies. Ecocriticism could be considered as a return to the view that fosters the interrelationship between the reader, the text, and the external world and is a reaction to Postmodernism and Post-structuralism. Ecocriticism has its links to the social and intellectual movement of Feminism which strives to improve the status of women in society. One of the feminist movements which focuses on the causes of the destruction of nature and earthly environment and also guards against the exploitation of women in society is Eco-feminism, which connects Ecocriticsm to Feminism, and has the central notion that the exploitation of women in society originates from male-dominated world and the decline of the status of women and nature. The most significant question for which Feminism attempts to find an answer is to what extent men are legible to speak on behalf of women in literary texts. Hence, Feminism led to Feminist Literary Criticism. In Modern Persian Literature, the most serious and influential Feminist Criticism could be seen in Forough Farrokhzad’s poetry. She is the first Persian female poet who frankly disclosed her feminist desires and hopes in a feminine, pure, and humble language while illustrating the world of women in contemporary Iran. The goal of this study is to explore Ecofeminist traces in Forough Farrokhzad’s poetry. Therefore, the following themes and issues which may help to connect her thoughts and language to nature are presented: “The Nature Ontology”, “The Seasons and Time Passage”, “The Four Major Elements in Nature”, “The Tree and The Plant”, and “The Earth and The Sky Creatures”. The present study strives to see the extent to Nature is reflected in the thoughts and poetry of Forough Farrokhzad and to show her main concerns with respect to Nature and Ecology.

The process of learning never happens in vacuum، and the final product encompasses the various interactions between the language learner and the surrounding world. Most often، the language learner is assessed in a two-way relationship and in this respect، the academic environment and the classroom are the first and the last destinations، which are considered. Considering the importance of ecological and environmental factors in learning a foreign language، the present article tries to investigate the parents’ role in learning English language qualitatively. The amount of effective interaction between the parents and the child، the amount of accessibility to cultural goods such as computer and the Internet and that the effects of these goods on learning، as well as the parents` values with respect to learning English language were included as the purpose of this study. The study was conducted based on the following assumptions: (a) Intelligence and aptitude are not the only way toward success or failure in learning English language، and (b) there may be some discrepancies between the set of values advocated by schools and institutes with those of the parents. Thirty-five families participated in this study whose children were instructed in English language institutes in Mashhad. We interviewed all of these families as well as their children. The results revealed that families in both more-proficient and less-proficient learners use various strategies. At the end، some recommendations were given to improve the quality of education within families.