جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « philosophy » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

The discourse of good governance has been raised by international organizations and institutions and some Western thinkers and theorists since several decades ago. According to the initial design of this topic in the West and based on the previous ideas of thinkers such as: Seyyed Javad Tabatabai based on the decline and decay of philosophy and political thought in Iran after Ibn Sina and Seyyed Ahmad Tabatabai indicating the conflict between international documents and Islamic concepts, this theory has been published, Considering the decline and conflict of philosophy and political thought in Iran, in order to study and research in the field of good governance, Iranian and Islamic sources should be looked at with suspicion and the issue should be addressed by referring to the published western literature. In this research, with the aim of validating the mentioned theories by taking library records and using the descriptive and analytical method, referring to the opinions of the founders of philosophy and political thought in post-Islamic Iran, Farabi and the position of Supreme Leader (Madazleh) in the position of the leader of the revolution. Islamic Iran, we are looking for an answer to this question that Considering the western elements and features, has there been a discussion about good governance in the opinion of Farabi and the Supreme Leader? With the conducted studies, we came to the proposition that the two-dimensional epistemological, ontological and anthropological foundations of philosophy and political thought in Iran are not only western, including the one-dimensional theories of today, but philosophy and political thought in Iran have not gone through the decline curve and are contradictory. It doesn't have either, and it's from the western one-dimensional theories.

Farabi is considered the founder of philosophy in the Islamic world. This Iranian philosopher not only entered of Greek reason into the field of Muslim knowledge, but also entered the Iranian politics to the Islamic political system. In fact, Farabi's political thought has various sources. We should consider him as the inheritor of the presence of Platonic philosophy, Aristotelian reason, Iranian wisdom, Islamic knowledge, and Shiite teachings of his time. The aim of this study is recognizing and analyzing the presence and extension of Iranian wisdom in Farabi's political thought. Farabi describes thinking in the field of Iranian wisdom in ontology, epistemology, society and politics. His ontology is linked to Iranian wisdom by following the example of the series of angels and the connection of heaven and earth, and in the field of social life, it is an ideal format for his utopia. Furthermore, Farabi's epistemology, which ultimately leads to the supremacy of fantasy, has its roots in Iranian light based Imagination; The wisdom bridges the light of knowledge and awareness between the earth and the sky. In his thought, politics should establish a connection between the sky and the seal of God with the royal throne and the people of the society. These three components have Iranian origins.
He considered Farabi's political thought in the style of royal governance and undeniable examples of Iranian wisdom.

With Iraq’s military attack to Iran, the newly founded system of the Islamic Republic of Iran was faced with a great political-security threat. Imam Khomeini, as the leader of the Islamic revolution, had taken many measures and strategies into consideration which can be referred to as the defensive management of Imam Khomeini. This research seeks to assess and analyze the philosophy and the nature of the sacred defense from the point of view of Imam Khomeini and it is based on the book, Sahife-ye Imam. The text of the book is analyzed through the mixed research methodology and through the use of both induction and deduction. Results show that three concepts had the most occurrence; the war of belief and the war of Islam and Heresy, Reviving the Islamic and religious values, fighting against the arrogance of the powers of the west. Khomeini also mentions three concepts to legitimize the war and the sacred defense including; Explaining the philosophy of war and defense from a religious and belief centered perspective,Explaining the philosophy of war from a nationalistic and universalistic perspective, Explaining the philosophy of war from a people oriented and government oriented perspective. Seeing that the satisfaction of God must have been the bed rock of Imam’s intellectual and faith system, then the first concept, Explaining the philosophy of war and defense from a religious and belief centered perspective, is considered the most important approach and the numerous occurrence of the concept in the text is an evidence for this.

The expansion of the dimensions of modernity has overshadowed the life of today's human; So that this has caused a review of the relationship between man and religion. In the period of modernity, man found a different view of the universe that he no longer interpreted himself, the world and God as in the past because the elements of modernity influenced his beliefComponents such as scientism, rationalism, empiricism, etc.And philosophers like Descartes by putting forward the Cogito theorem and emphasizing the rationalism method, Kant by placing science in religion and ethics, Nietzsche by proposing the will directed to power, and Sartre by placing man in the place of God, placing man in the center of understanding the truth. , played a very important role. Now this question is raised, what is the relationship between theological thoughts and religious beliefs and philosophical thoughts? Therefore, in this research, with a passing historical review of some philosophical ideas, we have tried to analyze theology and its need in the modern world with a philosophical criterion in the context of historical events and the current situation. For this purpose, various topics of theology in relation to philosophy have been investigated and topics related to the discussion have been collected, information has been collected through library studies, and the working method is descriptive-analytical.

The school of segregation is one of the schools of thought that has been important in Shiite thought and seminaries since 1992. This school is basically an epistemological and methodological theoretical expression in terms of how to understand religious texts, which emphasizes the distinction between the three methods of religious knowledge, namely, narration, philosophy and mysticism. In the school of segregation, theory focuses on doctrinal issues, with social and political issues on the sidelines. Therefore, there is no direct and clear content about the political views of the school of segregation.In this article, using a descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of discovering the study of justice and installment in the opinions of separatists and the political approach and behavior of separatists towards politics and governance, including the revolution, seeks to answer the question that the implications What is the political school of segregation? The hypothesis presented in this regard, using Skinner's methodology, is that the school of segregation's view of politics is based on fundamental epistemological changes and, consequently, political functions, especially with emphasis on installments and justice, especially for Hakimi.Thus, the conclusion that can be drawn in the end is that in the process of revolutionary struggles, the political behavior of separatists in practice, from isolation to participation in political struggles and in the theoretical field has included lack of interest in revolution and participation in politics.

The subject of this research is theorizing the purposes of punishment in the Islamic Penal Code of Iran. The main question of the research is what are the effects of criminal law theorizing on criminal policy in Iranian law? The hypothesis of the article is that based on the theory of criminalization, decriminalization and impunity have been done and the interventions of criminal courts should be reduced in favor of other means. The results show that the theory of criminalization of the degree of harm to the victim and the degree of its ability to blame, constitutes the nature of the severity of the crime and on the same basis can be determined both in the legislative stage and in the judicial stage, proportional. Committed crime and punishment. The legislature should use non-criminal responses, remedial, compassionate mechanisms that seem more effective in this regard. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data is collected in a library method.

Sayed Jamal al-Din Asadabadi, with a new look at wisdom and the introduction of a new classification of sciences, set a new age appropriate for political science and philosophy of politics and created a major change in public opinion of his time that had an impact until that time. The current foot is flat. In his view, wisdom should lead to change in the individual and society and bring about favorable effects for society. The present study seeks to show how Seyed Jamal defined this transformation of political wisdom and how this new perspective relates to religion. He seems to have done so by re-dividing the sciences, explaining the position of political philosophy and politics in contemporary times, critiquing and re-examining the functions of wisdom in the modern age, and providing reasonable and the emphasis on education and rational criteria for efficient social interpretation of the Qur'an and religion.

Iran's environment,which is perhaps the most sensitive security environment in the world, is full of threats and opportunities that affect our country’s national interests and security And in recent years ,global arrogance-frustrated with achieving its goals in controlling the Islamic Revolution-has put the creation and development of proxy warfare on its agenda in which the enemy is not one country or international coalition, but new emerging groups with complicated organization, unsparing financial and equipment support and the system of recruiting human beings with takfiri belief. With regard to the growing threats posed by these types of wars that have emerged in Iran's security environment ,And the fragile condition of neither war nor peace between Iran and the United States -despite relative stability over the past four decades - has always been talented to change and transform and has led to a serious possibility of proxy war or full-scale military conflict. Therefore, in this article, we explore to explain the philosophy of proxy wars in the new era. So,to achieve these goals, a descriptive-analytical method has been used and its statistical population includes published documents and resources which are available to the researcher. As a result, the proxy warfare is often used in direction of the goals of rival powers in order to avoid direct and face-to-face warfare, which can cause great material and spiritual damage. In the new era, it is also used as one of the tools to advance big goals.

One of the most controversial issues right now is animal rights communities. Although it is a relatively new topic in various scientific and social fields, and most activists and researchers believe that many of its aspects are neglected, such neglect should not be understood as rooted in silence and neglect. Rather, the issue of animal rights has a solid basis in both the jurisprudential documentation and the philosophical and ethical approaches.In which not only are the various aspects of the subject ignored, but it can even be said to cover almost all its aspects. Therefore, the neglect of some aspects of this issue at the present time should be attributed to the negligence of scholars and the legislature. Therefore, addressing the issue of animal rights first requires a proper understanding of its fundamentals and origins, as well as addressing the types of animal rights and their dimensions as an independent subject for research, in this article, we independently examine the foundations and roots of animal rights in the light of jurisprudence and philosophical approaches. To understand why animals are said to have rights and rights; and why we should abide by their rights.

The role of political thinkers and political philosophers in the West of Islamic civilization in its socio-political origin, despite the disorders of that era, has special credibility in the formation of political knowledge. Political philosophy and its role and relationship with the production of thought, knowledge, its impact and effectiveness on the political structure of Muslim societies in the West of Islamic civilization should be seen in the special view of Ibn Bajah in his work "Tadbir al-Mutawahid", Ibn Tufail in the sample of "Hayy Ibn Yaqzan" and Ibn Rushd searched philosophy with his methodology. Using a comparative method, in this paper, we have studied the relationship between knowledge and power in the minds of the above thinkers. The results of the paper were based on the precedence of knowledge over power in the thoughts of Ibn Bajah and Ibn Tufail. By supplementing the shortcomings in their philosophical concepts by confirming of Sharia and philosophy, Ibn Rushd emphasizes the special position of the philosopher in his desired political structure and the preference of the philosopher over the jurist in this structure.

The establishment of Tehran should be considered a symbol for the Iranian national identity. Tehran is not only a capital, but also it has a philosophical life and a philosophical proposition.The engineering nature of Tehran and the individuality of its inhabitants can be considered effective in this regard. Tehran met the expectations and created imagination and expectations. Found a place inside the country and a situation in the international arena. Realistic perception of past and present Tehran has led to a better understanding of today's Iranian life with all its angles. This is how Tehran relates to its geography, as well as its time of establishment and progress.

Imam Mohammad Ghazali, the Islamic world is the greatest thinkers. He is characterized by a multitude of books on various subjects, and she is sometimes the same thing, what is different. Such My Nmayd Abu Hamed has been integrated personality, and the lack of integrity and lack of unity in the works, first of all refers to numerous areas of application context in which he has a pen-tough. This can be critical to the investigation of accidents in the era of his life and he was there, explained. This research aims to use the methodology of Thomas Springs, al-Ghazali's political thought according to Bhrany Ay that dominated his era, examine. This model has four steps: 1. See By Nzmy; 2. identifying pain; 3. rehabilitation of ideal political society; and 4. Provide solution. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the deep relation between thought and works of al-Ghazali's crisis of his era.

The understanding of significances and political implications of Farabi's thought by considering decision criteria based on dialogue and also basing political assumptions on the relationship between free and equal human beings in “general field”, is forming the main purpose of this research. The researchers by conducting an accurate research on the main system of Farabi's political philosophy, believe that this Muslim philosopher is ignoring “public domain” or in other words “public interest”, by preferring boss over society and basing the utopian city on superior boss, putting him in the place of a normative and the channel of supreme good and ultimate bliss. Thus, citizenship category, in its classic and Aristotelian meaning “participatory existence”, is abstained on the thought. Current research explains the connection between thought and politic in a particular perspective and by relaying on the scientific logic and the theoretical framework of Hannah Arendt. According to Arendt, politics is merely the product of free and equal human beings’ relationship in the public domain. Obstruction of public domain and appointing a hierarchical system on society will only lead to violence. The current research has applied an analytical and interpretative method through analyzing of available contexts, collected information and reasons in order to prove its claim, hence it concluded that Farabi is promoting a specific type of politics in the horizon of Islamic thoughts that justifies violence in its Arendt verbal form by making society dependent on primary superior and it blocks the path to dialogue and advent of a free and participatory citizen.

Purpose of This paper is review on thoughts of Fathi Alteriki, as a comporary  thinkers in Arab world. thus, first  his social contexs, and then epistemological origins of his thought is viewed.  In this section, in meantime that we demonstrate  origins of his thought, for Michel Foucaultinfluenceon Alteriki, we view Foucault theories concerning philosophy, thinking andintellectuality, and his critic on pure philosophy, and his approach in  Operationalization of philosophical theories and their usage for solution of problem and exhibition analysis for for social phenomenon. Then, we view terikis definition of philosophy and reason, and his differentiation between rationality, reasonability, reasoning, and the role they play in increasing knowledge and Finally we explain, view, and critic his view on philosophy and reason.

Political thought is a collection of ideas and beliefs which are related to how one organizes the political life in a rational, logical and reasonable manner, beyond personal opinions and preferences. Imam Khomeini as a philosopher, mystic, scholar and political scientist in the contemporary era succeeded to establish the first Islamic state according to a religious theory. In this regard, addressing his political thought and studying his ideas in the field of politics and government are seriously and basically important. Being aware of various scientific areas such as philosophy, mysticism, principles, jurisprudence, etc. has made it a comprehensive personality and his thoughts have depth, richness and great durability due to strength of fundamentals. Through studying his scientific works and theoretical and practical way, a coherent, comprehensive and logical thought system can be found that its various components are related consistently. Philosophical principles of Imam Khomeini’s political thoughts are affected by his special “ontology”,“epistemology” and “anthropology”. These principles have strongly affected scope and limits of his political thoughts. In this paper, ontological principles of Imam Khomeini’s political thoughts have been studied and this question is answered that: what are ontological principles of Imam Khomeini’s philosophy and what are the effects of theseprinciples on formation of his political thoughts.Monotheism-orientation, trust in God,effectsof unseen worlds and belief in it are fundamental pillars in political thoughts of Imam Khomeini and all of political affairs such as power, etc. find a certain sense under their shelter.