جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سکونت گاه های غیررسمی" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

Along with the evolution of the empowerment approach and the expansion of community-based policies, ‎the development of local communities and informal settlements has shifted to asset-based rather than the ‎need-based approach. The community development according to this approaches which is known as “Asset ‎Based Community Development” (ABCD), mostly focuses on the assets and capabilities of the ‎community, including physical, social and economic resources. This is to get people out of the cycle of ‎poverty and need and to promote their human and social dignity.‎Informal settlements, despite the dominant view about their problems and anomalies, are home to a ‎section of society who do not have enough power and courage to join the city's socio-economic body. ‎Farahzad, one of the Tehran’s informal neighborhood was selected as a case of study and we intend to ‎explore the underlying asset development policy for organizing informal settlements. ‎The methodology of this study is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and it can be put ‎in the category of descriptive-analytical researches. 93 households were selected as the sample and ‎statistical analysis including acceptable test were applied. This study showed that the social capital can be ‎considered as of the important assets in Farahzad neighborhood. This advantageous asset can be better ‎addressed by these factors: sense of belonging, social cohesion, participation and collective action. The ‎networks of community relations were also evaluated and analyzed, which evidenced the stronger inter-‎ethnic relations than inter-ethnics, as well as the strong connections of the NGO’s with ethnicity.‎

Today, the increase of female-headed households, especially in informal settlements, is considered as a social harm, and in order to solve it, the empowerment approach in the economic field has attracted a lot of attention. Therefore, in order to solve economic problems and job creation in informal settlements, the entrepreneurial approach was proposed based on local capitals and potentials. Because using this approach can be very effective in organizing economic and employment conditions and promoting income generation in informal settlements and areas. The purpose of this study is to evaluation of empowerment strategies women heads of households in Arvand and Ansar neighborhoods of Shahid Rajaei town of Mashhad with emphasis on entrepreneurship in informal settlements. These neighborhoods are located in the third erea of the sixth district of Mashhad and the number of women heads of households in these neighborhoods reaches more than 2560 people. The method of the present research is a descriptive-analytical method which is done with a measurement and evaluation approach. Library and field methods and questionnaires have been used to collect information. Also, the analysis was performed based on the method of strategic analysis and using the tools of GIS and SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that factors such as expansion of women's business workshops (with a score of 6.65) in the field of economic dynamism, promoting neighborhood social cohesion (6.48) and creating women's social networks (6.11) in the field of social capital, attracting investment and providing facilities (6.29) and supporting the self-employment of women heads of households (6.17) in the field of urban management transformation; are effective in improving the economic and entrepreneurial status and empowerment of women heads of households in informal settlements.

During recent decades gradually deteriorating neighborhoods and informal settlements, mainly on the periphery of major cities, outside the official program for urban development and gradually formed and expanded. Informal settlement in Iran, like many other countries, a phenomenon that is growing cities in the country is faced with new issues. Informal settlements, the causes of poverty and development, as well as endangering the environment and impose heavy costs to solve problems, is considered a serious threat to the stability and cohesion of the urban population, Mirror sphere of informal settlements as urban issues, the role and importance of scientific research has found. Aran Bidgol Yhyyabad neighborhood of the city as one of the settlements mentioned are faced with the phenomenon of informal settlements. In this study, anatomical pathology and insecurity in urban areas paid. The study area using GIS and Google Earth software, positioning and distribution, the percentage of social deviance and insecurity tends to be considered. Studies showed a tendency to social deviations (smoking, drug abuse, etc.) in more marginal areas is not excluded that all these factors together cause insecurity in urban space is Aran Bidgol.

This article seeks to examine the development of urban residential spaces in Kermanshah in 1996-2016. The theoretical framework of the research is based on Lefebvre’s views on production of space. The research method is qualitative and the data collection technique includes observation, interviews, and evidence analysis. The findings of the research indicate that the city has undergone external growth in different directions, especially northeast, northwest, southwest, and east during this time. Natural population growth and rural and urban immigration to Kermanshah are of the main reasons for the growth of the city in this period. Three processes have played a part in the development of the residential spaces of this period. First, the government-funded residential apartments policy, which stimulated the growth of Pardis, Dolatabad, Danesh, and Kianshahr towns. These towns brought about the dispersal and disruption of urban space. Also, due to a shortage of substructural facilities and public space, they are devoid of urban life. Neighborhood identity has yet to be developed there, and people tend to stay in their houses. Secondly, the growth of informal settlements of Darederaz, Nookan, Karnachi, and Dehpahn enjoy more dynamism in daily life in spite of the lack of substructures and shortage of facilities. Thirdly, the economic and recreational functions of the new residential spaces have made their interaction with the interurban arcades inevitable. Additionally, it has brought about the growth of the phenomenon of Alley Life, defined as spending one’s free time in alleys near their residence, as a tactic of resistance against the shortage of recreational space in the informal settlements.

This article tries to examine the emergence of non-places in Kermanshah and its consequences. Article’s theoretical approach is based on the ideas of Marc Augé. In his view, Super modernity generates non-places, in which memory, stable social relationships, and identities cannot be formed. The research applies qualitative method. Results show that despite the fact that in the 1960s the city of Kermanshah was a place, the emergence of informal settlements, war and privatization of public sphere, disappearance of cinemas, decline of old neighborhoods, replacement of streets and squares with highways and non-same level intersections, have turned the city into a large non-place in which urban life has faded away. This phenomenon has brought the citizens disorientation, unwillingness to participate and violence. To date, neither developers and planners nor the people of Kermanshah have carried out the process of building place and regenerating urban life.

This article evluated urban upgrading achievements and challenges of the Urban Upgrading and Housing Reform Project conducted in Iran during the period 2004-2009. The assessment is provided both at the project level and in the target informal settlements of Bandar Abbas as a case study. Data and information were collected through a desk review, a beneficiary assessment conducted in Bandar Abbas, and a set of interviews held with project stakeholders at the national level and in Bandar Abbas. Findings & One of the most important achievements of the project it is making positive attitude to the informal settlements in public level. Alsoseries of interventions including streets improvements, water piping schools construction, chanel reform, and construction of hygiene an medical centers have resulted various benefits for local inhibitant. Yet the project faced with the challenges and difficulties and have disappointed some of it’s appliances.