جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "قومیت" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

Marriage patterns occur in various forms across different cultural settings. This study seeks to investigate the role of ethnicity in mate selection in Iran. Data from the "Marriage Survey" of the National Organization for Civil Registration of Iran (2016-2017) was used, which includes 9458 individuals who referred to the pre-marital testing laboratories in all provincial centers (except Tehran). The findings showed that 85% of the marriages were semi-arranged (spouse selected by the individual and approved by the family). The multinomial logistic regression test results showed that after controlling all the covariates, ethnicity retains its association with mate selection of both sexes. This finding emphasizes the importance of the normative-ethnic theoretical approach in explaining mate selection in Iran, contrasting with the theoretical approach of the similarity of characteristics. This study confirms the findings of previous studies on the role of ethnicity in marriage patterns in Iran. It emphasizes the importance of considering it as a cultural factor associated with specific values, norms, and customs in designing policies and programs that facilitate and consolidate marriage.

The Lor people are one of the ancient ethnic groups of Iran, residing in the western and southwestern regions of the country, particularly in the provinces of Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Ilam, and parts of Khuzestan and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari. The history of the Lor people's interactions with various Iranian governments, including the Safavid, Qajar, Pahlavi, and Islamic Republic periods, reflects many ups and downs. This study aims to examine the impact and nature of the Lor people's relationship with the Iranian national state and their perception of the concept of the national state.

The research method in this study has been historical-critical. The importance and necessity of this research lie in gaining a better understanding of inter-ethnic relations and their impact on national cohesion and government policymaking. Accordingly, the main research question is: How has the relationship of the Lor people with the Iranian national state and their perception of this concept been influenced by their experiences and interactions with it?

Based on the theoretical approach of this paper, which is relative deprivation, the findings indicate that the Lor people's understanding of the national state is a combination of historical, cultural, and political experiences that play a significant role in shaping their interactions and cooperation with the central government. Since the establishment of the national state in Iran, the Lor people have felt a sort of barrier between themselves and the government. During Reza Shah's era, this identity gap led to many tensions, including the Tameradi battle between the central government and the Lor and Boyer-Ahmadi people. These tensions also existed with other ethnic groups, such as the Arabs and Kurds, with the central government. During the second Pahlavi era, the confrontation between the national government and the Lor people was less pronounced. With the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution, and considering the participation of the Lor people and Boyer-Ahmadi nomads in the revolution, a degree of tolerance emerged. However, there is still a need for addressing some of the Lor people's needs by the national government in the Lor-inhabited regions.The interactions of the Ler people with the central government have been complex and challenging on the one hand, due to their cultural and nomadic prejudices and their resistance to change. In the second Pahlavi period, the application of central power established peace and stability to some extent.With the occurrence of the Islamic revolution, the attitude of the government towards the Lor people has improved and the national government should pay more attention to the Lor residents in order to help development and progress and prevent tensions with these peoples

The study of consanguineous marriage  in Iran is of particular importance as one of the prevalent marriage patterns in Iranian society. Therefore, this research tries to identify the factors affecting this marriage pattern. For this purpose, the data from the "Marriage Survey" of the National Organisation for Civil Registration (2017-2018), which includes 9485 individuals who referred to the laboratories in the provincial centers (except Tehran), were examined. The findings showed that 29% of respondents had consanguineous marriages , indicating a decreasing trend in this type of marriage compared to previous studies. The results of the logistic regression analysis for men revealed that the odds of consanguineous marriage decreases with increasing age, education, and mother's education, as well as non-arranged marriage and belonging to the Gilak ethnicity (comparing to Fars ethincity). For women, the odds of consanguineous marriage decreases with increasing age, montely income, and mother's education, as well as non-arranged marriage and belonging to Gilak ethincity but,,increases with higher father's education. In conclusion, consistent with the findings of previous researches, while consanguineous marriage in Iran  alines with the predictions of modernization theory, it is still influenced by ethinic values and norms.

People in the society suffer more from mental feeling or perceived inequality than from real inequality. To explain the issue, in this research, we sought to investigate the social factors affecting the feeling of social inequalities and we tried to answer this question: what are the social factors affecting the feeling of social inequality in Isfahan city? In terms of controlling the research conditions, this research is a mixed method (survey and grounded theory). The statistical population of the current study is all citizens aged 18 and older living in Isfahan city. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was 400 people, which was selected by random sampling according to the size. The data was collected with a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 28 items for independent variables and 18 items for the feeling of social inequality (dependent variable). Ensuring the validity of the questionnaire questions was done through the face validity method to ensure the quality of the instrument, the researcher used two criteria, checked its reliability and validity. Retest reliability was used to check the reliability, and the 99% reliability obtained indicated a very high reliability of the tool. To check the reliability, content validity was used (according to the Sen H Laushe formula - CVR coefficient) and the CVR coefficient was equal to 68%. To analyze the data, statistical methods of one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test were used. Based on the obtained results, there is a significant difference between the feeling of social inequality and the variables of social opportunities, geographical area and media programs. However, there is no significant difference between the feeling of social inequality and the variables of ethnicity, religion, social bases and education levels.

Iran, a large and diverse country with a rich multicultural tapestry, is home to various ethnic groups. The coexistence of these diverse ethnicities poses the potential to weaken the nation's collective identity and unity. Neglecting these differences can have detrimental consequences, leading to social disintegration. Embracing a sense of belonging to a broader national community is crucial for fostering social cohesion and averting political and social instability. The inclination to identify with the national community and derive a sense of identity from it is a vital indicator of social development in Iran. When individuals, despite their affiliations with smaller ethnic, religious, or class groups, prioritize membership in the national community and draw their identity from it, they are better positioned to contribute to the country's progress and respond voluntarily to societal crises, leveraging their abilities and resources to aid in problem-solving. Additionally, the manner, in which a society is governed, plays a significant role in reinforcing the inclination towards a national community. A fair and efficient government that aligns with the values of the society, comprising diverse smaller groups, can bolster the propensity towards the national community. This study aimed to assess the inclination towards the national community and the factors influencing it.

The data for this study were gathered through a survey designed to capture various dimensions of national community orientation, including cognition, emotion, and behavior, as well as social, historical, territorial, cultural, political, and economic aspects, along with perceptions of intergroup justice and a shared future. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula, resulting in a sample of 384 individuals to achieve a 95% confidence level with a 5% margin of error. To ensure accuracy, 530 questionnaires were ultimately completed. The survey employed a two-stage sampling approach, utilizing cluster sampling to select localities and random sampling to select respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software and internal consistency, construct validity, and Cronbach's alpha were assessed to ensure the reliability and validity of the indicators. Owing to space constraints, the internal correlation results were not presented in this article.

The findings indicated that the inclination towards the national community in Iran averaged at 4 out of 6 on a 6-point scale, signifying a substantial tendency. Specifically, there was a strong inclination in the social, cultural, historical, and territorial dimensions, while the political and economic dimensions showed a relatively lower sense of justice between groups and common destiny towards the national community. In terms of orientation, the emotional dimension of orientation to the national community was rated at 4.6 out of 6, indicating a high to very high level, but it exhibitd a weaker status in the cognitive and behavioral dimensions. This underscored the importance of enhancing knowledge and providing further training in understanding the national community as the individuals demonstrated a strong orientation towards it but lacked sufficient knowledge and exhibited weaker behavior in strengthening their national community. Another significant point pertained to commonalities within the national community, which were categorized into past, present, and future. The current survey revealed that people were more interested in commonalities originating from the past, including culture (4.7), history (4.8), and land (4.6), compared to the commonalities of the present (economy, politics, etc.) and the future. In other words, the tendency towards the national community based on the common past was stronger than the tendency based on the commonality of the present and the future. Commonalities related to the present and the future were more influenced by the efficiency of the government and alignment of values in the society. The government's acceptability in terms of efficiency and value orientation effectively increased orientation towards the national community. The variables investigated accounted for 65% of the changes in the tendency towards the national community.

Ethnicity is a theoretical construct in humanities and social sciences, which has always been researched and analyzed in these sciences. Despite the significant accumulation of theoretical reflections and scientific and practical researches in these areas, commentators and thinkers are still facing many issues and unknowns. One of the areas of accumulation is the question of how and how to explain the theory of ethnicity, which is considered in this article. In order to answer the concern of the article, the researcher while paying attention to the proposed theories with appropriate retelling capabilities, including classical theories, modern theories and postmodern theories, extract their strengths and weaknesses and pay attention to the nature and characteristics of the Iranian society, emphasizing the approach " "Fundamentalism" has presented its theory with the title of "Barkhal Qoumit" in relation to Iranian ethnic groups. The central sign of the empty ethnicity theory is based on the proposition that "Iranian ethnic groups have an empty nature and a unitary nature in terms of internal discourse, and a pluralistic nature in terms of structure and profile." Therefore, in Barkhal's theory, ethnicity is divided into ten principles as the structure and the main axes discussed include: "unity in plurality", "self-similarity", "simultaneity of evolution", "identity", "substitution", "simple foundational rules", "continuity and continuity", "dynamics". and historicity", "memory" and "coexistence" have been discussed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the sociological approach to globalization and its impact on the ethnic tendencies of the people of Ilam province.To show the relationship between ethnic identities living in Ilam province and general and global identities.In this study, the statistical population of all people living in Ilam province with a population of 580, 158 people, which according to Cochran's formula, the statistical sample size is 270 people and the sampling method is probably simple, survey method and data collection tool is a questionnaire.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the data and face validity method was used to measure the validity. The research findings were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and regression statistical methods.Ethnic tendencies have a significant relationship and also there is a significant positive relationship between lifestyle variables and ethnic tendencies, which means that with the entry of traditional societies such as Ilam province into the modern world, has reduced their sense of belonging and ethnic attachment.

Social Integration and solidarity is one of the important issues of multi-ethnicity and developing countries. This paper tries to understand the effective elements on the Salience of ethnic identity and its strengthening among Arabic-language speakers of Khuzestan. This research has been done by Interpretive-constructive approach and by quantitative method and for analyzing the data Grounded Theory has been used. Purposive and theoretical sampling has been used for selecting interviewees. To collecting data, we interviewed by 30 elites in Khuzestan. After doing open-coding, 12 axial codes presented. The results illustrate that Salience of the ethnic identity among Arabic people of Khuzestan is not against national identity and it is equal with the national identity. And also salience of ethnic identity is followed by some variables of politicized identity of ethnicity, the ethnic-race of cultural exclusion, the historical and continuous deprivation, the understood relative deprivation of ethnicity, the anti-government ethnic internalized unpleasantness, the ethnic identity seeking, rational ethnic identity making, ethnic seizure of space and geography and the ethnic and identity delimitation.

This article is primarily intended to show the position of social communication skills of police (official and unofficial and verban and non-verbal) in minimizing ethnic tensions and challenges.

The research method is qualitative and it is of context analysis. The participating population includes border police with over 15 years of experience among whom 29 persons were purposefully selected. The data collection method was through deep semi-structured interviews to reach theoretical saturation. To evaluate the reliability of the data, this research used Brown and Clark’s (2006) criteria of acceptability, sameness, determination and transportability. The codes obtaing from interviews have been analyzed and adjusted using context network. The steps to implement the context analysis included: taking notes of texts and data that were obtained through participants, the primary coding, identification and determination of core context, drawing context network or the selective codes, and finally analysis of context network (result) and codifying the final report  .

The findings obtained from the participants showed that police, in verbal and non-verbal communication, try simultaneously to use appropriate words in their relationships, speak in a simple and clear way, pay attention to non-verbal signs while speaking, act according to the mannerism of situations and the results indicate that although police should act according to the mannerism of situations, enter into sincere discourse with the old andtrusted locals and be kind and friendly, finally, police should not mingle with audience (ethnic and all other groups) and be very sincere with them.

Participation in elections, as one of the main pillars of religious democracy, increases the social capital of the system and strengthens the foundations of governance. Types of political participation arise from the social and cultural conditions in which people live and ethnicity as a cultural context is effective on various actions of individuals, including electoral participation, so in this article, the political participation among the ethnic groups of Fars province with emphasis on The elections of the Islamic Consultative Assembly has been covered. In the present study, according to the subject, logic, and purpose of the research, a quantitative approach and survey method was used, and the statistical population of the investigation included 600 citizens aged 18 and over in three cities of Shiraz, Noorabad, and Firoozabad (representatives of Fars, Lor, and Turk) is. The required data were collected using a questionnaire. The results show that offline and online political participation among the sample members is lower than average, however, in both variables, the ethnic context of cities has a significant positive relationship with political participation, which can be considered as a threat to democracy in Its all-encompassing meaning should be taken into account.

Iran is a multi-ethnic society and one of the top ten countries with the highest ethnic diversity in the world. However, the lack of questions about ethnicity in censuses has led to many limitations in comparative studies among ethnic groups. Also, the data of the Socio-Economic Features of the Household survey, which was implemented in 2001, were used to compare the marriage behaviors of ethnic groups with 2018. This study aimed to investigate marriage patterns among different ethnic groups in Iran using National Marriage Survey data. The findings revealed that marriage patterns are different among ethnic groups. A comparison of results with studies from two decades ago shows that although traditional behaviors have declined among all ethnic groups, ethnic differences persist. Generally, ethnic groups can be classified into three categories. Baluchs and Arabs, that have more traditional behaviors. They had a lower average age of marriage. Furthermore, early, consanguineous, arranged and ethnic assortative marriages are more common among them. On the other hand, there are Gilakis, who have modern marriage behaviors compared to other groups, so that they have the highest average age of marriage and the lowest early, consanguineous, and ethnic assortative marriages. The other four ethnic groups are in the middle: Persians, Turks, Kurds and Lors who their behaviors are similar. It seems that socioeconomic inequality and subcultural behaviors of ethnics, are the main determinants of differences.

Digital activism refers to the use of digital mobile technologies and Internet-based devices for political and social change. In the struggle to change the world, social activists have embraced new communication technologies. Since 1990s, debates about Internet activism and how new media have been used by social movements have increased. From the Zapatista movement in 1994 and the WTO demonstrations in 1999 to the Arab Spring and the global occupation movement in 2011, the Internet has proven its role in mobilizing, organizing, informing and communicating internationally to protest. The main purpose of this article is to study the social activism of Iranian Kurds in cyberspace. The data of the present study were collected by means of a combination of virtual ethnography and in-depth interviews. According to the findings, the main benefits of the Internet and social media for Kurdish activists include the use of social networks to express ethnic identity, the use of the Kurdish language by Iranian Kurds, the use of the Internet as an alternative media, and intra-ethnic communication with Kurds in other countries. According to cyberspace activists, there are disadvantages such as their lack of the skill necessory for making use of cyberspace, spread of slacktivical activities, and being illiterate in respect to mother tongue.

Culture is the distinguishing factor of human societies and groups. And we can talk about culture and specific cultural identity. The acceptance of immigrants from different ethnicities has caused cultural diversity as well as cultural particularism in the city of Hamadan. That the reactions of immigrants and native citizens and the effect on different cultural and social fields are its consequences. The research was conducted with the aim of sociological study of cultural particularism among the citizens of Hamedan and its causes and factors. This research was conducted with a survey strategy and Structural Equation Model analysis method. The mean cultural particularism among the citizens of Hamedan is close to average. Also, the particularism of young people is less than that of older people, and the particularism of native citizens is more than that of immigrants. The degree of cultural particularism of citizens varies with different levels of education and in different ethnicities. Based on the analysis of SEM, the hypotheses of the research are confirmed and indicate the significant effect of globalization, traditionalism, religiosity, Cyberspace, migration, education, social trust, feeling of relative deprivation, socioeconomic status and ethnicity on cultural particularism. which explain a total of 65% of the variance of cultural particularism. According to the research results and related theories, we cannot expect cultural homogeneity in the multi-ethnic city of Hamedan with subcultures. On the other hand, the dialectical process of globalization has caused the simultaneous existence of specific and general cultures.

Differences in the method of intercultural adaptability of Afghan immigrants in Iran from the perspective of sources of ethnic identity of immigrants is the main goal of this study. Data were collected using qualitative method and semi-structured interview technique with 15 Afghan immigrants and the final findings are typologized by thematic analysis. This research has been done using the theoretical framework of various strategies of acculturation and ethnic identity among immigrants and the results show that the characteristics of ethnic identity of immigrants strongly affect the type of their integration into the destination community. In the finding section, a review of the differences between the three main ethnic groups in Afghanistan (Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras) in terms of religion, language and face is conducted and the findings indicate that the apparent identity in terms of resemblance to Iranians leads to greater integration of Afghans, and when this apparent similarity intersects with the Persian language and the Shiite religion, the two strategies of integration and assimilation reach their peak. But among the ethnic features, there are many paradoxical intersections that cause parts of the identity of each of the Hazara, Tajik, and Pashtun ethnics that are compatible with Iranian culture to be accepted and parts of the same identity to be rejected. For this reason, having a different face, being Sunni, and the Pashto language are all characteristics that make immigrants consider themselves "other" and alien, and choose strategies of separation or marginalization

The book "Ethnicity and Ethnocentrism: Myth and Reality" is a narrative about the conflicts of ethnic groups in Iran after the First World War until the last decades of the 14th century. According to the author, ethnicity and ethnic groups are modern categories and have no history in Iran. The three factors of the centralist and authoritarian state, the utilitarianism of the elites and the international forces played a role in the emergence of these conflicts and the formation of ethnicity. The book examines ethnicity and ethnocentrism in the context of internal and external political and social relations; It also shows the constructiveness of ethnic nationalism based on abundant historical data. In line with the book''s themes, the author introduces inclusive government, highlighting cultural commonalities, and de-escalation policies as appropriate strategies for dealing with Iran''s multicultural situation. There are criticisms of this work that can be mentioned as follows: the book has used different approaches without combining them and lacks paradigm coherence; Like positivists, it seeks a criterion for determining the boundaries of ethnicity, but there is no such criterion; All the arguments of the book in the direction of the construction of ethnicity are also applicable to national identity, but the author is silent about this and falls into a kind of national essentialism; It downplays the role of economic policies and development plans in ethnic conflicts; Finally, it neglects the impact of modern social change and the inevitable presence of the "other" in the formation of ethnicity.

The present article aims to investigate the sociological relationship between ethnic groups with an emphasis on telegram jokes and seeks to answer the following questions: What issues do ethnic jokes express? And what are the factors that lead to the creation of ethnic jokes in different groups? To answer these questions, Kemper theory was used. In fact, content analysis is one of the documentary methods that includes highlighting the axes or main lines of a text or written texts or a collection of images, tapes, etc. The statistical population of this research is the jokes exchanged in the Telegram social network. The results of this study show that ethnic groups try to compensate for the imbalance of power and position in relation to their superior groups and their social distance from the lower groups through ridicule and humiliation in jokes. Jokes, on the other hand, lead to a kind of stereotypical view of the target group, meaning that ethnic groups often show similar feelings in response to such jokes.