جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « audience » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Art is fundamentally a product of society. Artworks require social feedback and engagement to refine and develop their quality, which occurs through the interaction between the artist and the audience. In the pre-modern era, this relationship between the artist and audience was generally unidirectional. However, in the modern era, this dynamic has been transformed by the rise of network societies and new social media platforms. Art has become far more interconnected with the audience in the modern context. In Iranian society, the relationship between the artist and audience has fluctuated and evolved over time. Isfahan has long been one of Iran's premier centers for artistic production and creation. Isfahani culture has played a vital role in shaping these artistic works, underscoring the inherently social nature of art in this city and the deep bonds between artists and their audiences. Regrettably, this artist-audience relationship appears to have weakened in contemporary times. Rebuilding and reinvigorating this connection is essential for improving the quality of artworks in Isfahan and strengthening the cultural capital of the city's citizens. Accordingly, the present study sought to identify the key sociological determinants governing the relationship between visual artists and their audiences in Isfahan based on interpretations and insights from experts in the local visual arts scene. Ultimately, a grounded model outlining these crucial determinant factors was presented.

This study employed a qualitative research methodology utilizing the grounded theory approach. The participants comprised a total of 14 art experts. Data were collected through purposive-theoretical sampling techniques and in-depth, semi-structured interviews. The data analysis process involved open, axial, and selective coding, as well as the use of the paradigm analytical tool. To ensure the validity and rigor of the data collection, analysis, and resultant findings, the researchers leveraged a range of conventional validation techniques common to qualitative research, such as Member Checking, Analytical Comparison, and External Audits.

The findings revealed that the key impact factors governing the relationship between artists and audiences in Isfahan could be categorized as fragmented interaction, professional-ethical order, and technological transformation (causal conditions), institutional inefficiency and institutionalized corruption (contextual conditions), and art economy and audience transformation (intervening conditions). These various factors collectively contributed to the deterioration of the artist-audience dynamic. To address this concerning situation, the study participants proposed several strategic interventions, including fostering empathic interaction, continuous audience analysis, institutional restructuring, artistic cultivation, and reconstruction of the local art economy. Implementing these strategies was expected to yield positive consequences, such as artistic-intellectual advancement, re-creation of art's cultural arena, and social re-construction of art.Fundamentally, the results illustrated the mutually interactive nature of the relationship between artists and audiences. This reciprocal dynamic could significantly influence the creation and quality of artworks. On the one hand, the semantic frameworks of audiences were transferred to and shaped the artistic mentalities of creators through their interactions. Conversely, the semantic systems of artists were also conveyed to audiences, enhancing their understanding and appreciation of art. Interestingly, the findings suggested that the existing theoretical approaches failed to adequately explain this complex, multifaceted relationship. Artists were inherently impacted by the cultural, social, political, and economic dynamics of the society, while simultaneously exerting influence over these very societal relationships. Consequently, it appeared that by synthesizing the theoretical perspectives of 'formation' and 'reflection' in the art-society relationship, a more comprehensive and effective understanding of the artist-audience dynamic could be achieved.

In recent years, the press has witnessed a decline in its audience due to various factors, including cultural, social, political, and economic influences, as well as existing restrictions. This research aimed to investigate the reasons, processes, strategies, and consequences of this issue by employing the grounded theory method, which follows a systematic approach. The participants in this study were communication media experts and individuals with a minimum of 7 years of experience in the press field. Through purposeful sampling, a total of 29 people were selected and interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The data were analyzed using the three-step coding method of grounded theory, which includes open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The findings revealed that the causal conditions influencing the distancing of the press can be categorized into three parts: socio-cultural factors (such as Iranian oral tradition, digitization of culture, minimalistic life, and institutional mistrust), political factors (including political restrictions and behavioral politicization), and economic factors (such as economic poverty, inflation, and high prices). The contextual conditions contributing to people's distance from the press are the political economy and virtualization. Additionally, the intervening conditions impacting people's distance from the press encompass content weakness and structural weakness. To address this issue, strategies such as content modernization, communication modernization, and structural modernization were identified. If these strategies are successfully implemented, the most significant consequence for the press would be a reduction in people's distance from it, leading to a decrease in the downward trend of the press audience.

Water is the most essential element of life, This matter has gained double importance due to the environmental crises created. we are witnessing the growing influence of media on the formation of society's culture. Therefore, it is useful to know the media and take advantage of its capacities to help with water crises. Therefore, the current research aims to find out the media strategies to persuade the audience to manage water consumption in Alborz province, The research is defined in two phases. In the first phase, 605 questionnaires were completed in Alborz province (Hashtgerd, Eshtehard, Karaj, Nazarabad) by survey method, which shows the attitude of the people of the province towards the water situation of the province. In the second phase of the research, using the results obtained from the first phase survey, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with media experts and producers, water managers, and media managers. After analyzing the qualitative content of these interviews, 42 strategies were extracted for persuading the media, which can be divided into two aspects: critical and demanding, and promotion in three axes: 1. Forecasting: organizational measures 2. Direction: Message Generation Approach 3: Retrospective: Methods and formats for generating and distributing categorized messages.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the culture of using radio among the people of Isfahan. This study was performed in a descriptive-cross-section. Isfahan's statistical population was selected using random sampling of 600 people, 345 people listened to Isfahan Radio programs, and most of the surveys were conducted. To collect information from a researcher -made questionnaire, which includes two parts: demographic information and questions to measure hypotheses based on the Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha for questionnaire questions was 0.941 and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. The comparison test showed that Isfahan people's attitude towards educational guidance programs was 3.59, educational information programs with average 3.41 and recreational entertainment programs with average 3.37 were above average. With the Friedman test, the components are educational guidance(2.93), educational information(2.33) and recreational entertainment(2.25) respectively. Friedman's test and 52/552 showed that there is a significant difference between these three cases.

The book "The TV Production Handbook" aims to introduce students to digital technologies for producing TV programs and also the presentation of the specific aesthetic of this medium for influencing audiences. In this regard, we confront explanations about technical facilities and how to use them, regarding qualitative analysis method for reviewing and analyzing the book "The TV Production Handbook", and, along with the use of theories of McClellan and Baudrillard in media criticism. Regarding this analysis, the important point is that for the invitation of the audience, and presentation of formal elements to influence, his choice for interpretation is restricted. His deprivation of possible alternatives in the visible image is an ideological aspect of the TV program. Standardization in choosing the visual form of programs and avoiding visual innovations in choosing the shot sizes, camera angle, etc. This can be called depriving the audience of their freedom to interpret the program.

AbstractThe purpose of the present study; The study of the role of new technologies on audience-centric development in the Social Security Organization in 1399. The statistical population of this study was all those who referred to (30 branches) offices of Tehran Social Security Organization, from which 382 people were selected as a research sample using multi-stage cluster sampling method. The present study is a descriptive-correlational study in which information was collected through a library-documentary study and a researcher-made questionnaire. Findings obtained from the present study showed that among the research variables, the information quality variable was 2.28 beta; Electronic satisfaction variable of 0.224 beta; Electronic trust variable of 0.209 beta; System quality variable at -0.976 beta; The quality of services variable of 1.463 beta predicts the development of the central audience of the Social Security Organization. Findings also showed that 51% of attitudes toward audience-centered development were predicted by the five variables studied. The results of the research indicate that the organization should pay attention to the desired quality of information, communication and system in providing its services.

This study aims to identify the level of "trust", “impartiality” and “accuracy of news coverage” of the BBC in England‘s people opinion and among other valid media in this country. It should be noted that this comparison is not restricted to a particular media such as television, radio or newspapers. this study, in addition to comparing an indicator such as »trust«among different types of a particular medium (such as various television channels), also examines the same indicator among different types of media (such as comparing an indicator such as audience trust among television networks, newspapers and social networks). To achieve the research goal, the researcher used the documentary research method. Survey results show that 57% of UK people believe that the BBC offers the most trusted news. In addition, in 2015 and 2017, 53% and 50% of UK people believe that BBC news coverage is impartial. Finally, surveys show that in 2015 and 2017, 59% and 57% of the UK people think that BBC coverage is accurate.

Economic problems are among the main challenges faced by Iranian newspapers. The aim of this research work is to identify the economic challenges of Iranian newspapers and ponder about the ways to tackle this chronic problem. The method used for this study is qualitative based on the Grounded Theory approach and in-depth interviews. The statistical community includes persons in charge of public and private newspapers and sample selection, by using an objective method, continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. By selecting 21 people, the research has achieved its objectives. Data analysis was done after three stages of coding (open, axial, and selective) using MAXQDA Software, and out of 188 open codes obtained, six classes of concepts were extracted and finally ten items, in order to get out of Problems were found, which are: putting media management alongside economic management, using corporate methods and integration of small newspapers, establishing protective laws and paying subsidies to private newspapers, paying attention to the cyber space and using written content based on social networks, reducing the control of the government over  state owned newspapers, speeding up process of information dissemination and using new and applied technologies in the distribution system, independent production of raw and printing materials for newspapers, the use of qualified human resources, paying attention to reducing self-censorship, taking to account the fall of readers and establishing new laws for licensing newspapers.

In the recent decades, advanced technologies in production, infrastructure and devices for providing content and services have been provided. The audience can use the media of their interest at any time, with the desired devices .Accordingly, there are many differences in the level of media literacy of the people. This study seeks to determine the level of media literacy of the producer of programs in the Mazandaran broadcasting in terms of the component of understanding media messages.The present research has been collected in terms of descriptive-analytical type and information required for the research is library and survey methods.The research tool is a structured questionnaire, after evaluating its validity and reliability, according to the quality of participation, it was provided to 50 producers of Mazandaran broadcasting programs.The research results show that the level of media literacy of the respondents in radio is more than television and cyberspace. Awareness and promotion of community culture and culture building, especially in the field of using new communication technologies is one of the basic strategies in this field. Also, according to the results, the producers of Mazandaran Radio and Television have a relatively higher level of media literacy. However the researcher's observation and knowledge of the statistical community and the spatial domain of the research indicate that the respondents have low media literacy which should be increasing in other ways.

The necessity of news throughout history has been such that it was used as a tool for persuading, stimulating and mobilizing public opinion. Some news programs constantly use regular norms to expand and even shape values. But some others spread false and misleading news in the society in order to protect their interests. On the other hand, the increase in the volume and speed of information and news exchange in order to maintain social cohesion caused the type and method of information and news transmission to change. Therefore, knowing the rules helps the reporter to understand and adjust the news and it can also be used in the form of criteria for comparing, evaluating and selecting the events of the day. In this study, the author examines the practical indicators of the rule of justice in news reporting with the use of library resources, using documentary methodology and a descriptive-analytical approach, from the perspective of the audience's rights.

The Arbaeen March is one of the world's religious rites, which is attended by millions of people every year. This research is in the field of media, religion and communication. Achieving the media dimensions of the Arbaeen March is one of the main objectives of this research. Using the method of basic theory and conducting interviews with experts, during the open, pivotal and selective coding process, the components have been extracted and presented. Research findings showed; The Arbaeen March has two types of communication, internal and external. The internal dimension mostly includes "traditional interpersonal communication" and the external dimension is related to those who receive the news and information of this march through various media related to "mass communication" and is divided into two categories: "formal communication" and " Informal communication"is divided. In the internal communication of the march, the "senders" and "receivers" of the message are the "participants", but in the external communication, there is a difference between the senders and the receivers of the message. Senders are divided into two categories. The first group are "reporters" and "official reporters" who take part in the march and are responsible for "informing" and "producing news" for the official media. The second category is "people's reporters" who post messages about themselves and the events around them on social media. Audiences have the characteristics of "ritual audiences" and its model is evaluated as "interactive". The "media win of the Arbaeen March" is considered a transnational and global media win, given its "transnational audience".

One of the patterns of encoding messages in TV series is to include the preferred codes of the series in the form of dialogues and behavior of a "quiet white and positive" character. Examining the content of the most watched TV series in the last 15 years shows the prevalence of this pattern in TV series. The present article, which is derived from the author's research in the field of the consumption of popular television series, focuses on how the audience encounters this pattern and characters, as well as how they decipher the preferred codes. The research data was collected through semi-structured individual and group interviews with 74 viewers of popular TV series. The findings showed that the feedbacks of the interviewees are mainly negative emotional and cognitive. Based on the findings and in agreement with the cognitive views about emotions, the audience's encounter with contents and television series is much more complicated than that by including the message of the series in the speech and behavior of " quiet white and positive characters" and Presenting a direct message can influence the audience.

A government that has secured the political trust of its citizens is a government that enjoys public legitimacy. With respect to the role and influence that the media outlets, especially the Broadcasting Organization, have on the different aspect of people's lives and also on the political structure in terms of creating unity, solidarity and legitimacy, scientific investigation and research studies are needed to understand how the media can play the greatest role in promoting political trust of the people. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate how the Islamic Republic of Iran broadcasting (IRIB- State Radio and Television Organization) plays a role in improving political trust among its audience. The research method employed for this study is qualitative, and the data was collected through in-depth interviews with 12 experts in the fields of media, sociology, and political science, and the gathered data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The findings of the research show that the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Organization should make efforts in the fields of media literacy promotion, employee empowerment, appropriate reflection of different voices in the society, and the use of social media potentials and attractive and diverse, new and hopeful formats, and elaborate on a bright future outlook.

This research aims to study the role of mobile based social networks in journalism industry. These changes are studied in three groups included form, content and application. In current research the notions of journalists and communication sciences experts related to role of mobile based social networks in journalism is studied through Q-methodology. Due to lack of precise sampling framework, the purposeful sampling has been used. The sample size is 60 including 30 journalists and 30 communication sciences expert. The questionnaire includes 33 questions that is designed in form of Likert Spectrum. The data is analyzed by SPSS software and Quenelle software. The results of factor analyze shows that related factor to research subject determines 74,269 percent of the dependent variable changes. This rate of determination has been claimed by journalists and communication sciences experts. These factors have been divided based on application (increasing the audience power, decreasing the expenses, developing the public sphere, universality and high feedback), form (increasing in publication speed, multimedia and omitting the gatekeeping), and content (diversity and plurality of meaning). Factor analysis of statements shows that the factor of increasing the audience power with 13,56 percent is the most important and the universality with 6,64 percent is the least important factor that has affected journalism industry changes in result of using the mobile based social networks in journalism industry.

In this article, the conceptual model of audience perception is presented on how officials look at the audience and the media (case study of Iran). Audience is a concept that refers to a set of perceptions and views about media and audiences. This kind of view stems from the idea that the role and function of the media is the same as the pulpit.The model was extracted using research results conducted from 2005 to 2010 (Spanji, 1389). In this study, more than 10,370 views and words were extracted from the aforementioned officials. This view was converted into 371 propositions and then the propositions were analyzed in quantitative and qualitative ways.The three main components of the audience perception model in the form of two sub-sections are:1-a) The negative effects and functions of the media on people beyond the media, based on the mentality of the imaginary audience;B) patriarchal and functional expectations from the media to influence the audience, based on the perception of the audience;2- How to look at the media based on the mentality of the imaginary audience.Each of these two sections is also divided into subcomponents.

Celebrity culture is one of the basic concepts for understanding actions in the context of social media. Social media has a special ability to create celebrity culture. Among these, Instagram is of interest to researchers due to its image-oriented nature and the creation of an interactive space for users and celebrities. The purpose of this study, on the one hand, is to examine the celebrity culture and its consequences, and on the other hand, to examine the extent to which users or audiences follow the personal pages of celebrities. In this research, survey method and questionnaire technique are used to collect data. In the theoretical section, "Celebrity Culture Approach", "Celebrification and Celebritization Approach", "Celebrity Ecology Approach", "Celebrity Private and Public Space Approach" and "Psychological Approach to Advocacy and Celebrity" are discussed. Findings show that about 20% of Instagram users follow news and celebrity pages. The pages of domestic celebrity actors, singers and athletes are followed more than any other celebrity group. As a result, about a third of users follow the personal pages of actors and celebrity singers, and about a quarter of users follow the personal pages of athletes.‌ Para-Social Interaction, identification and worship are the three main indicators of tendency to celebrities. Our study shows that approximately 47% of active users in this subject pay attention to celebrities; so that, in addition to the interest in Para-Social Interaction with them, they intellectually follow the values and attitudes of celebrities and behaviorally imitate their celebrity lifestyle.

TV comedy mixed programs, are among the most watched TV shows and have the capacity to have the greatest and most lasting impact on the audience. The aim of this study is to identify the factors affecting the quantitative and qualitative promotion of TV comedy mixed programs & to identify the views of media experts in order to achieve final and operational solutions. The research method of this article is qualitative and the method of conducting it is a semi-structured interview. The statistical population includes media professionals who have been temporarily or permanently in the field of critique and analysis of TV comedy mixed programs. The research sample was purposefully selected from those who are theoretically and practically related to the stages of pre-production, production, distribution and analysis of comedy/ humorous mixed programs. The interview questions were researcher-made and the interviewees were selected by snowball sampling. The analysis of the interviews was done based on thematic analysis and with coding technique (open, axial & selective codes). The questions are also organized based on the “SWOT” model and based on the quantitative and qualitative improvement of the programs. The most important findings of this study is the need to increase the experience and tolerance of managers in humor, creating creative theatrical items, including online tools with humor programs, changing the general policies of TV in the field of humor writing and among classes and social groups, in order to increase the spirit of liquidity in context of TV comedy mixed programs.

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for promoting media literacy of the audience of the programs of the IRIB in order to strengthen social security.

Research method in terms of purpose, is of basic-applied type; and in terms of data type is of quality type; and in terms of theory is of background type. The study population in the research included 23 academic and organizational experts who were interviewed using purposive non-random sampling method and data adequacy and saturation principle. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding.

The results of the findings of the study indicated that the central phenomenon of promoting media literacy of the audience in the IRIB includes: access, use, critical understanding, evaluation and message production. Causal conditions based on the Strauss and Corbin paradigm model  and research priorities, respectively, including religious beliefs, educational programs, personal competence, technological skills, managerial support and social capability; underlying factors including audience motivation, media attractiveness, and cultural capital were identified ; and lead to the consequences of maintaining individual identity, maintaining social identity, increasing trust in the media, and increasing awareness.

 Finally, a model for improving the media literacy of the audience of the programs of the IRIB was presented in order to strengthen social security based on the Strauss and Corbin theory.

Interactive art is a branch of modern art based on the audience's interaction with the work of art, the artist and other audiences. In this artistic genre, the audience gets out of passivity and plays a role in the process of creating a work of art according to their thoughts and tastes. Thus, interactive art is a combination of the voices and thoughts of the audiences, who interact and talk with each other by sharing common experiences and within its planned framework. These features in interactive art are compatible with the ideas of Mikhail Bakhtin, which point to the importance of the audience and their participation in the production of the work. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of interactive art and the position of the audience in it, in accordance with Bakhtin ideas.This study seeks to answer these questions: What is the relationship between interactive art and Bakhtin ideas? Based on this relationship, how is the role and position of the audience in creating interactive artwork explained? This research has a fundamental purpose and analytical-comparative method, and data analysis is qualitative. In expressing the results, it can be said that the participation and presence of the audience in interactive art is not just a mental event, but it is an integral part of the process of creating art, which also affects its output and an interactive work of art, depending on the participation and interaction of the audience and its recipients with the work, the artist and other audiences, has the characteristics of otherness, polyphony and dialogue.

Achieving the goals of any society requires the use of all material and human resources of that society. Proper management of human resources is one of the most important factors to achieve the goals of any society. The purpose of this study is to provide a favorable model for managing the relationship between national media and Iranian ethnic groups; The method of this research is qualitative grounded theory. The statistical population of this research is professors and experts in the field of media management, social communication sciences and managers and senior deputies of the Radio and Television Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran. To interview the experts, for a complete and comprehensive analysis in the field of national media relations management with Iranian ethnic groups, 30 people were interviewed openly and in depth. The results show that increasing ethnic participation is possible by focusing on assessing the needs and opinions of ethnic audiences, and provided a way to create an independent unit for research on ethnic issues and ways to implement national media policies on ethnicity. Also, media productions should be based on ethnic culture, use of local language in ethnic programs, justice, highlighting, hope, ethnic diversity and pluralism, ethnic dialogue and empathy, empathy and language, introducing ethnic patterns, think tank, monitoring and demanding from responsible institutions. , Optimal representation of relatives in provincial networks and extra-organizational interaction.