جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "interest" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

Interest is a rich concept that can be applied to a variety of areas and paradigms. But economists with narrow-minded reductionism always refer to a certain kind of interest (ie, utility). Sociologists, on the other hand, emphasize different types of interests. In this article, I intend to explore the characteristics of women's interests in the field of modern handicrafts in the digital age, beyond the mainstream approach of economics, with the help of the new economic sociology approach. In this qualitative-exploratory research, I will answer the fundamental question of whether women in their entrepreneurial action in the field of modern handicrafts seek to gain a kind of interest  (mainly economic) or a variety of interests? And by answering this question, I will also address the various dimensions of female interests.Thus, the present study shows that productive women in this field have started entrepreneurship not for economic deprivation and desperation, but for various interests  (including independence, emotional interest, self-fulfillment interest and network interest).They also reinforce a variety of interests through networking in the context of virtual networks, thereby spreading the implications of women's discourse among the craft community. Accordingly, entrepreneurship for women is not a need arising from despair and urgency, but a conscious choice for independence and affirmation of the subjectivity of women in contemporary society.Entrepreneurship provides an opportunity for intersection of loyalty to the private sphere on the one hand and participation in the public sphere on the other, while at the same time bringing individual and collective interests to women.

by saying the word of interest, the first thing that comes to mind immediately is economic interest and this is while different fields of life have their own interests which are not necessarily economic interests. the present study uses the documentary method to investigate the diversity of levels and non-economic meanings of the concept of interest from the perspective of sociologists and intends to provide for researchers a conceptual tool for explaining social phenomena by emphasizing Bourdieu's understanding of interest. This study shows that Alexis De Tocqueville, Marx Weber, Gustav Ratzenhofer, Albion Small, Edward Alsworth Ross, George Simmel And James Coleman have used profit in its micro and individual form. However, there is a difference between these thinkers regarding the concept of interest and that of Tocqueville, Weber, Coleman and Simmel. The later have considered the concept of interest as a social element and have used it in the analysis of relations between people in society. But Ratzenhofer, Small, And Ross have a pre-social understanding of the concept of interest, and see it as an element that shapes society, not a factor through which relationships between individuals in society can be analyzed. The study also suggests that thinkers such as karl Marx, Arthur Bentley, And Pierre Bourdieu used interest collectively. However, with a deeper look at the empirical application of the theories of the above thinkers in relation to the concept of interest, it may be said that Marx's sociological view of the concept of interest in the form of class interests, although has a sociological burden and does not consider interest specific to the individual. It considers the economic meaning of interest for a group of people of the same class and in a way closes the way for thinking and reflecting on other various and non-economic forms of interest. Bentley's view leads to the tautology by uniting the interest and the road group and for this reason; the possibility of experimental application and testability is limited. In his analysis, Bourdieu showed that the fields of academia, art, etc., have interests that are not necessarily economic interests and are governed by rules other than those of the world of economics. The process of segregation of social worlds, each of which has its own interests or spheres of power, requires that social researchers be equipped with a conceptual and theoretical tool to discover the interests, the relationships between field actors, and the internal rules of these social fields. This conceptual tool, in addition to being more in line with social reality, unlike the Marxist concept of benefit, is not limited to the economic and possibly political sense, and can also discover non-economic interests that govern human life and measure people's relationships with these types of non-economic benefits in addition to the above, the advantage of Bourdieu's understanding of interest over Bentley's understanding is that it is free from the flaws of tautology. And he does not equate the benefit with the field and states that the interest belongs to the field and not the field itself. It also has this advantage over micro-level theorists. In addition to the micro level (at the level of family and group friendship, etc.), it also has the ability to be applied at the macro and collective level. With these interpretations, the author believes that Bourdieu's sociological application of the concept of interest can be a practical tool for social science researchers to understand the social world.

The theory of rational choice of economics in the analysis of economic action faces two basic problems. The problem of validity, that is, the empirical confirmation of its basic principles, and the problem of subjectivity, that is, the ability and capacity to pay simultaneous attention to the social and mental factors of the actor. Different sociological traditions have tried to express different perspectives on the analysis of economic action. But these sociological approaches have explained at an analytical level different from the theory of rational choice of economic action, so they have not been a suitable alternative. The main question of the research is whether economic sociology can provide an analysis that in analyzing economic behavior simultaneously pays attention to social factors and active mentality, calculation and routines? The theoretical framework of this research is the relational approach and the way of interaction, action and situation structure, calculating mentality and routines. The research method is documentary and based on critical interpretation and review of the main sociological texts in order to analyze the theoretical approach of the sociological tradition to the theory of rational choice and the possibility of a suitable alternative to it. The two concepts of practical reasons and routines in Bourdieu and Schutz theories in two different theoretical traditions can provide a suitable sociological explanation for economic action. Schutz's theory is a good alternative for explaining economic action because of the simultaneous analysis of calculation and routines.

Social life has different fields in which each of these fields has its own interests that the social agents assigned to them are struggling to gain the interest of these fields. But do the interests of different fields of social life coincide with pure economic practices, that it was a yeast of economic development of western culture? The present study seeks to investigate relationship between the in-field interest with economic practice in rural and nomadic fields of gilan-e-gharb. n this research, a participatory observation and semi-structured interview were used. Findings show that the interest of rural field is welfare and it has not good coincide With ideal type of economic practice And the followers of this interest have little success in acquiring economic capital. On the contrary, the interest of nomadic fields that is sheep rising Has a high coincide with ideal type of economic practice economic practice. Achieve to interest’s field for social agent of this field Requires economic agency Which will ultimately lead to capital accumulation.

Among the legal provisions that have addressed the issue of child marriage in Iranian law, Article 1041 of the Civil Code is significant. According to this Article, child marriage before reaching the legal age in Iran is provided to the permission of the father (as guardian) and considering the best interest of child as determined by competent court, without providing the precise definition of “The Interest of child”, “legal Guardian” or the accepted reasons for permission given by father. Since the concept of “The interest of child” is subject to various economic, social, cultural and religious factors in Iran, it is possible that courts allow child marriage only because of the custom of that region or only because of physical puberty or simply because of father’s permission. Since, there is different interpretation of the concept of “interest of child” in different courts; therefore, judicial procedure -as one of the important sources of law making in Iran- plays a crucial role to resolve this ambiguity, clarify the meanings and protecting children. This study has been conducted using a qualitative research methodology by interviewing judges, studying and analyzing the cases and examining the context in which the children lives, it evaluates and analyses the reasons that cause judges to allow child marriage. Finally it concludes that allowing child marriage typically doesn’t consider and reflect the interest of children and will cause personal-social and physical- mental damages for them.

This study examines the lived experience and perception of agents active in the housing market. This is a qualitative and exploratory study. The results of this study are based on the technique of deep interview with 22 individuals active in the housing market. Theoretically, this study employs the grounded theory developed by Strauss and Corbin. According to the results of this study, some of the most important prerequisites include economic and political events in macro and international levels, socio-economic and political changes in national level, legal structure in macro and national level. Moreover, the most important obstacles include the lack of transparency, the boom or the bust of rival markets, the lack of institutional coordination, the disturbance in legal orders, the inefficient management, and the lack of optimal allocation of financial resources.

This study explores the action, conditions governing the action, practical factors, and strategic approaches of the builders in the housing market. It is an exploratory, qualitative, applied, and cross-sectional research. Accordingly, a systematic analysis of the in-depth interview with 25 people in the housing market in Mashhad was conducted using the Strauss and Corbin's ground theory method. As a result, 256 sub-categories were obtained, and after several coding steps, finally, based on selective coding, the central phenomenon was called "technocratic builders in the struggle for interest and credit". The obtained paradigmatic model included a set of conditions. For example, ground conditions have been formulated as "the economic situation of the metropolitan of Mashhad" and "socio-cultural changes in the pattern of urban housing". Interventional conditions include "decline expertise of housing construction", and "the evolution of the share of land value in housing prices". Causal conditions include "the ability to manage multiple activities", "having the necessary capital or the possibility to absorb it" and "awareness of market conditions". Taking strategies such as "participatory construction", "continuous construction" and "change in construction pattern" lead to the consequences like the "periodic ups and downs at the level of builder performance", "involving with the challenge of balancing profit and loss".

This study has been conducted to review the relationship between TV commercials and selection of products by customers. It has applied survey methodology and questionnaire to collect data. The statistical population of this research included all the 25 to 60 year old residents of Tehran that is 7,528,374 people. The sample population, 386 people, have been selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. The obtained data has been analyzed using inferential statistics and Kendall tests, Pearson coefficient, and linear regression... Based on the findings of the Pearson correlation coefficient, there is a positive and significant correlation between customer selection (consumption patterns) and the variables of interest in TV commercials (r = 0.46), trust in TV commercials (r = 0.36), structural content of commercials (r = 0.34), type of attitude toward commercials (r = 0.38), apparent attraction (r =0.39), extent of watching television commercials (value = 0.74) and brand awareness (value = 0.56). The findings of regression coefficients show there is a high correlation between the attitude towards TV commercials and selecting products by customers (consumption pattern).

This study aimed to test the causal relationship between learning strategies with mathematical performance with mediating role of interest and behavioral engagement. For this purpose, 287 male and female students of experimental, mathematics and humanity disciplines of Masjed Soleiman city high schools were selected using stratified random sampling. Then, they completed Student Engagement in Mathematics Scale. The results showed that all the direct paths of this model were significant other than the path of the surface approach to behavioral engagement in math. This research results indicated that surface approach to math learning namely math content and formulas memorization instead of understanding its underlying laws negatively associated with math interest and performance, while deep approach puts a positive effect on math interest and behavioral engagement.

The main purpose of this study was to Analysis of Affecting Factors in Tabriz University students Interest To employment in rural areas. A survey method was employed for this descriptive – analytic study. The population of this study included students at all grades in fields of study were Tabriz University in the academic year 1393 (N = 3296). Samples size was determined by Krejcie and Morgan table 105 people. In this study, the proportion of random sampling was conducted among groups. The survey instrument was a questionnaire with closed questions on a Likert format. Cronbach's alpha coefficient (92/0) represents the reliability of the research instrument questions. Factor analysis was used to analyze the data. Factor analysis showed that eleven of infrastructure, motivational, educational, personality, economic, Individual, habitation, soldiers, support, interest and distance of about 73 percent of the variance in the areas of interest in employment in rural areas to explain the virgin, The results of priority the field of interest in employment in rural areas: Special credits paid work and live in villages by government, the share of graduates in farmers increased income as a percentage, the distance from city Cooperation with technical services, counseling and extension Companies , Necessity to obtain work experience in government rural employment as one of the most important determinants.

Shows and the traditional rituals especially Tazieh and Shabihkhaani as dynamic cultural elements, which have originated from human beliefs, play an important role in increasing the individuals’ social links. Theory of social links of anything as the framework of the research, is considered as the subcategory of social control theory and its components are social involvement, belief, interest and obligation. Ardabil as the city of Hoseineiyat with a rich history of traditional ritual shows of the region and holding ritual mourning ceremonies, Tazieh and mourning during Muharram, has been selected as the case study of the research. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of ritual theater in creating social links; and it studies the impact rate of such an atmosphere in social bonds of the individuals. Results show that there is a significant relationship among the criterion variables such as commitment, interest, belief and social participation and predictive variable of ritual theater and interest component has a considerable effect on social bonds of individuals with ritual theater. Ritual theater not only rehabilitates the ritual- local plays of the region and transfers it to the next generation, but also promotes social bonding of individuals in Ardabil. Cconsidering the developed aspect of this kind of theater, it is effective in other cities too.

Moral deviation and delinquency in the youth life do not appear in one form and have different and diverse meanings and concepts. Not only criminal or guilty youth are the ones who propel the society to continuous thinking and planning and trying for their readjustment to the society, but also there are many youths who have not done any guilt but are exposed to the danger of moral deviation. Supporting of these youths and preventing from their fall are considered. In this investigation it was tried to investigate the effect of consequence of making ashamed in parents and children`s relationships and its preventing role in appearing of the deviational behaviors of youths. For this purpose, the ideas of Braithwaite and Hirshi have been used about the social connection. The sense of belonging and dependency to the family and/ or parents is one of the most important elements in Hirshi`s theory of social connection, in his opinion, if a person has a high level of belonging to parents and/or the norms have been well inner in the person, in relationship with especial others, the sense of shame would be made and this sense of shame will prevent the person from doing of the guilt. The statistical population of this research was 13-19 years girl and boy youths of Babol city which has been investigated by the method of systematic random sampling of 400 samples by using of questionnaire. For analysis of the data, Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test and multivariate regression were used. Finally, the results of the research show a meaningful and reverse relationship between the embarrassing.

The aim of this research is to study altruism among the youth and is applied by the method of grounded theory. The focus of study is on exploring the social process which shapes altruism. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews 10 youth who lived in Mashhad. The results of the study highlight the complexity and variety of the youth experiences altruism that is a process reflects interaction among psychological، socio-economic and cultural aspects of the experience. Based on the casual and mediating conditions، the contexts and the consequences of altruism is a king of the strategies towards altruism، thus we can say and analyze the human emotional and social exchange (cost-reward analysis) with mediating of internalized values and beliefs in them. In this case they do altruistic action in a critical situation. The result of this action is satisfying themselves and social cohesion.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of training courses of moral - Educational Skills on the amount of interest and marital satisfaction, through creating relationship between satisfaction, learning (knowledge), interest and marital satisfaction variables. The adopted method of research in this study was descriptive - co relational and measurement tools taken in this research is a questionnaire that has acceptable validity and reliability of 77/0 in three subject satisfaction, learning, interest and marital satisfaction that were distributed among 103 people police personnel Family of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province). In order To analyze the data were used descriptive statistics (tables and charts) and inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation test. Contacts test groups, received 6 four-hour education program in the period of 9 months.After the end of these periods, results showed a deep connection between marital satisfaction and the promotion of their knowledge in the field of treating a husband .from another handthere was a positive correlation among elite level of marital satisfaction of trained spouses and the level of interest qualification. So that we can say that this mentioned period has a positive impact on the interest qualification and marital satisfaction.