جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « human development » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Marriage, as a primary institution in society, is the first pillar of forming a family. Many critical variables of society such as fertility rate, population growth, resource utilization, consumption, saving, poverty, crime, etc. are affected by marriage. From this perspective, family studies needs considerable attention. Potential changes that occur during the development process in the societies can influence Individuals decision to marry, but the process of this effect is not clear. The Human Development Index, as a multidimensional index, can be a reliable index to understand the effect of the development process on the marriage rate. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of the human development index on marriage rate in selected OECD and Non-OECD countries during the period 2000-2018 using the System Generalized Method of Moments (System_GMM). This study reveals that the human development index has a significant negative effect on the marriage rate in both of the study groups. However, the estimated coefficient in Non-OECD countries is lower than selected OECD countries. The coefficients of the life expectancy and income index are significantly negative in both of selected countries. The education index also has a significant negative effect on the marriage rate in Non-OECD countries, but its significance has not been confirmed in OECD countries. The results also show that the unemployment rate of men and the urban population growth in both groups of the countries have significantly negative effect on the marriage rate.

Human Development is one of the most new and famous theories of development that accepted by international institutions and centers. Human development is defined as the process of enlarging people's freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. The United Nations Development Programme defines human development as "the process of enlarging people's choices", said choices allowing them to "lead a long and healthy life, to be educated, to enjoy a decent standard of living", as well as "political freedom, other guaranteed human rights and various ingredients of self-respect". Human development is about the real freedom ordinary people have to decide who to be, what to do, and how to live. The human development concept was developed by economist Mahbub ul Haq. In this theory, human is crucial, and final goal for development and state have a active role in improvement development approach. Human Development have three index: , Incom Per capita, Education, and life expectancy. To day, one of the indicators for determine level of counties development in national and international reports, is human development index. In this treatise, compare Iran and Malaysia Human Development level, and study cause of differents in this framework. This research try to explain process of change in two countries.

Corruption, as a deterrent to equitable development, is recognized as a contentious issue in the field of institutional quality and political economy. The literature on the impact of corruption on economic growth often addresses the issue that corruption has had a negative impact on economic growth and development. But some economists believe that corruption has had a positive effect on economic growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of corruption on human development in the long and short term for developing Islamic countries during the period of 2000 to 2017.

The method of this study is the use of panel statistical data based on the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) model. The corruption index used in this study is the corruption control index introduced by the World Bank. The control variables in this study include trade openness and economic growth.

The results showed that in the long run, the corruption reduction index has improved the human development index. But in the short run, this index has had a positive effect on the human development index in the selected countries.

The negative impact of corruption on human development shows that corruption hinders the improvement of human development indicators, which are education, health, and economic growth in the long run. Therefore, policymakers must adopt the necessary policies to reduce corruption in order to improve the status of the human development index and therefore human welfare.

Although the use of the happiness economy approach does not have much history, since policy makers generally make decisions in the direction of increasing well-being and public satisfaction, it becomes important to quantify the concept of mental well-being and examine the factors affecting it in order to improve happiness in society.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of government size on people's happiness in two different regimes according to the level of human development in 110 selected countries for the period of 2006 to 2017. For this purpose, threshold panel regression has been used. The information needed for this research includes the happiness variable from the World Happiness Information Bank, economic growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate and government size from the World Bank database and human development index from the United Nations Development Program.

The model estimation results show that the variables of government size, economic growth, inflation and unemployment have a significant effect on happiness. According to the threshold limit calculated for the human development variable (0.577), the effect of government size on happiness is different in two regimes.

According to the findings of the research, increasing the size of the government below the threshold of human development leads to a decrease in the happiness of the people of the society, but after crossing the threshold of human development with the increase in the size of the government, the happiness of the people increases, which shows the efficiency of the government policies. Also, with the increase in economic growth, happiness increases and with the increase in inflation and unemployment, happiness decreases, and the noteworthy point is that the negative effect of unemployment is greater than the negative effect of inflation.

Since people's social attitudes are both representative and facilitator of socio-cultural changes on a more general scale, any factor that affects them is significant and can be studied. Accordingly, the study on the effect of education on people's social attitudes has become the main focus point of the present paper. To analyze this issue, Inglehart's theory of human development and its role in attitudinal and value changes have been applied. Research information has been gathered through secondary analysis of various national survey data. Findings indicate that in parallel with increasing education, orientations of human actors in relation to family bounds, sense of belonging to the national community, media consumption pattern, political awareness, religious style, advocacy of women's rights and the environment and tendency to social tolerance becomes different. Research findings indicate the fact that increasing education can be a source of attitudinal and value changes. Finally, the socio-cultural implications of gradual changes in the attitudes and values of human actors that will occur in parallel with the increase in education are discussed.

The statement that "women are more religious than men" is one of the few general statements that social scientists, especially sociologists of religion, have consensus on. Nevertheless, explaining why is considered a scientific puzzle, and several theories have been proposed to explain this gender gap in religiosity. This research paper was organized with the aim of examining the empirical validity of the theory of existential security in Iran, around the question of to what extent the indicators of existential security can explain the gender gap of religiosity in Iran? In this regard, the arguments of critical safety theory were first formulated in the form of research hypotheses. Then, by assign the unit of analysis to "province" and using the within country comparative method, the hypotheses were compared with the data of all provinces in Iran to assess the degree of conformity of the predictions of the theory with empirical evidence. Finally, the findings of the empirical test of the relationship between existential security and the gender gap of religiosity in Iran by within country comparative method and inter-provincial analysis showed that none of the hypotheses representing the theory of existential security are confirmed. In fact, the findings of this study failed to provide seriously and reliability support for the theory of existential security in explaining the gender gap of religiosity in the context of the Muslim population and the provinces of Iran.

attention to social progress and human development for the creation and sustainability of the economy, especially in developing countries, is of particular importance and highlights the need to examine the impact of social progress on GDP of these countries.The statistics on the Human Development Index, the Human Development Index through the Social Progress Index, Capital and Employment Index, as well as GDP per capita in 104 countries are taken from the United Nations Development Program, the Social Development Index and the World Bank from 2014 to 2018, respectively.In order to investigate the effect of these variables on GDP, panel data method has been analyzed using Eviews10 software.The results of estimating panel data in the studied years showed that the impact of human development on GDP in two groups of middle to high income countries and high income countries is increasing and significant;Social progress in the transfer of the effect of human development to GDP in all four groups of countries has an increasing and significant effect;Finally, capital and employment have a significant increase in GDP per capita in high-income countries.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the sociological gender differences in Iran according to development indicators among Maskan Bank employees,This research is a descriptive- analytical one and in terms of intervention data from a variety of quantitative research and survey method has been done,Required information was prepared and collected using a researcher questionnaire, and its statistical population is made up of all the staff of the MaskanBank across the country,According to Cochran formula, 372 people were selected as the statistical sample by classified sampling method,data analysis was also performed with descriptive and inferential statistics,According to the results of this study, there is a significant differences between male and female staff in quality of life index (t=3/ 498 , SIG= 0,000) and education lndex ( t=4/717, sig= 0,001) and health index (t=456,sig=0,002) as the important indicators in human development, and men are in a better position for Maskan Bank in terms of human development indicators than women,Overall the mean score of males in gender differences (4/40) was higher than the mean of females in the index (3/63) indicating that males had lower gender differences,Overall the results of the study show that the gender differences of Maskan Bank staff across the country are significant in terms of human develooment indicators, (t=4/889, sig= 0/000)

Every human being is as a capacity that its actuality cannot be realized except through individual empowerment. One of the main methods of individual empowerment is poverty reduction, which is influenced by various institutions such as the mass media. Among the mass media, the special features of television have extended the capacity of the media to some extent that proposed it as a factor in human development. The main purpose of this study is to answer the main question of how to use the TV channel to achieve human development goals. This qualitative research has been done conducted using Grounded Theory method. Data collection was obtained through documentary research and in-depth semi-structured interviews with thirteen experts of communications, development and media field. The findings show four key functions in this field for television. The first function is to provide a framework that provides the opportunity for individual empowerment. The second function is to provide the causal conditions of individual empowerment. Providing mediating factors is the third function that is done. The fourth function was identified as the use of change strategy. Based on the results, this media influences the human development of society through the process of individual empowerment.

One of the appropriate criteria for assessing the situation of any country is to assess the social status and welfare of that country and improving the social welfare status of any society should be considered as one of the macroeconomic goals. The concept of human development emphasizes the goals of progress and development instead of focusing on tools. Human development means the process of expanding people's choice and improving their Welfare. The most important dimensions of human development are a long and healthy life, knowledge and dignified living standards. The subject of this study is to investigate the impact of human development dimensions on social welfare in Iran. The statistical society is the macroeconomic variables of Iran during the years 1987 to 2017. Data analysis was performed using Eviews software and vector autoregression method. The results show that there is a significant relationship between human development index and social welfare in Iran. So that the value of the normalized vector for the variable of education index, life expectancy and per capita income are equal to 2.86547, 2.353574 and 4.28745, respectively. The results also showed that shocks in human development index such as education shocks, life expectancy index and per capita income were 20.472, 0.645 and 3.456 percent in the short term, respectively, and 75.883, 0.986 and 5.587% explain the long-term changes in social welfare in Iran.

Human resource management refers to policies, actions, and systems that affect employee’s behaviors, attitudes, and performance. In the field of human resource management, there are many reference books, each of which has gained good legitimacy and acceptance for various reasons among readers. The book "Human Resource Management and Personnel Affairs" by Dr. Seyed Reza Seyed Javadin is one of the most comprehensive books written in the field of human resource management and therefore has been considered as a textbook and the main source of study for the graduate entrance exam for many years. In this article, the attempt was to review the book in a descriptive-analytical manner, by mentioning the evidence and documents and based on evaluation criteria which were introduced by the Council for Reviewing Books and Text on Human Sciences. Criticisms were presented from both formal and content perspectives. According to this, on one hand, the main strengths of the book are the comprehensiveness of the content, the systematic approach, the coherent and structured view of the topics, and the compatibility of the work with Islamic values. On the other hand, this work has also some drawbacks, the most important of which are the lack of a practical and problem-oriented approach, insufficient use of content and creative presentation methods, outdated topics despite numerous editions of the book, and weaknesses in the citation method.

The present study is organized for the empirical test of religious market theory. In the main formulation of the religious market theory, the reduction of the Government Regulation of Religion in society fosters religious pluralism, religious pluralism creates competition, and competition between religious firms or institutions leads to the more and more efficient supply of religious products, and that as a result overall religiosity and religious vitality will increase in the whole society. This argument of the religious market theory was formulated as a hypothesis that the government regulation of religion is negatively related to religious commitment. To examine the empirical validity of this theory, the hypothesis was confronted with secondary data from 179 countries to assess the degree of conformity and correspondence of the religious market theory prediction with empirical evidence. Overall, the findings of this cross-national research could not provide significant and reliable support for the religious market theory in explaining the variance of religious commitment levels.

One of the main goals of development is to achieve public social welfare and social vitality is one of the components of social welfare and central concepts of sustainable development and has a great impact on satisfaction and trust and hope of people in society. The aim of this study was to study the relationship between students' identity style and their social vitality, which was done by descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population of the study included about 23,000 students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. Using the Cochran's formula, 380 people were selected as the sample size using the stratified sampling method appropriate to the sample size. The instruments used in this study were the standard questionnaires of Brozensky Identity Styles (ISI-6G) (1992) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (1989). The validity of the instrument was formally confirmed and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The alpha value of the social vitality questionnaire was 0.86 and the identity styles in the information style were 0.68, the normative style was 0.67 and the confused, avoidance style was 0.71. Based on the research results, a significant relationship was obtained between the variables of identity style and its components, gender, marital status, educational level and the level of social vitality of students. Students' social vitality has a significant relationship with the variables of educational level and their age group.

Human development view to human beings is as a capacity that should be flourished, and this flourishing is obtained only with the empowerment of individuals. One of the main ways to empower communities is to reduce and limit poverty. For this purpose, the attention of development policymakers has been focused on improving indicators related to the types of poverty. One of the most important indicators is human poverty. Various institutions have the power of influence; one of these capacities is the mass media, especially television. This study was conducted to explain the factors affecting the use of Iran's TV programs to prevent human poverty. The research method used is an exploratory mix using a typology strategy. The statistical population of this study is composed of experts in the field of development communication. In the qualitative part, the statistical sample was selected 13 people using theoretical sampling method and in quantitative part 385 people using random sampling. The tool of collecting data in the first part was semi-structured individual interview and in the second part, a researcher-made questionnaire. Necessary indices were used to assess the validity and reliability of measuring instruments. Data analysis was performed on the basis of qualitative and quantitative results and structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software. The results showed that environmental, human, television mass media, programming, audience characteristics and individual empowerment can predict human poverty variable. Given the value obtained for the overall fit index of model 0.79, appropriate fit of the overall model is confirmed.

The purpose of development is to nurture human’s abilities. In order to achieve development, Increase of revenue is a tool not an end. On the other hand, having a long healthy and innovative life is the ultimate goal. The best way to advance the stable development is to use human development. The main purpose of conducting this analytic- descriptive research is to determine the ranking order of the provinces of Iran, especially Kurdistan, in the years of 1385 and 1390. In order to eliminate the differentiation of scaling among the used criteria, using the technique of indices have been proposed. Results show that although our country has had minor improvements in the development of human resources goals, but the results of year 1390 shows that there is not a significant change in the ranking order of the undeveloped provinces compared to five years earlier. Combinatory index of human development shows that in Kurdistan province, human development is in an inappropriate condition so that Kurdistan was placed 29th and 30th in the ranking table in years of 1385 and 1390 respectively. We can conclude that the ranking order during these years has not had significant progress.

The main purpose of this paper is to examine and evaluate the book of Education and Development: The New Issues in Educational Economics, compiled by Arani Miner and Sarkar Arani from Nashr-e-Nay Publishing. This book is one of the few works published in the field of economics. The review and evaluation of the book have been carried out based on the questionnaire for reviewing the texts and books of the Humanities Review Council in terms of form, structure, and content evaluation. Overall, the results of the survey show that the book has a decent quality despite some minor downsides in terms of structure and content. However, the need to improve the quality of the book in future publications should be considered in the final suggestions of the paper, especially, in the field of education economics and the impact of human development on economic growth. Appropriate analysis is also needed to reform policy-making in terms of the structure of trusted institutions, and to change their approach to efficient human resource training and to allocate sufficient credits to the book in light of the global experience.

In today’s world media are at the same standing point as states. They are capable of influencing & shaping the social & individual essence of people. The capacity of all types of media - in particular television- is large enough to be a factor in human development. Human development perspective towards man is as a capacity which should be flourished. This will not be achieved unless to empower men. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to answer this question: How television can be used for the development of individual empowerment? This qualitative study is conducted by using the conceptualization method of Grounded theory. In this study, by using theoretical sampling, thirteen university professors, managers, and experts with working experience in the field of Communication Development were interviewed through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The collected data were interpreted through open, axial and selective coding. The findings of the present study show that this medium plays four main functions to improve Social Empowerment. Providing a platform and creating freedom of opportunity, causal conditions, mediating factors and using the change strategy in order to obtain individual empowering for TV production.