جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « معیار » در نشریات گروه « ادیان و عرفان »

The first house, built for the people and called as a guide to lead man, is the Kaaba. Due to this importance, the Imams (AS) called Hajj as a means of strengthening the divine religion and introduced the Kaaba as the high standard of Islam. For Imam Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Hajj is a factor for man’s perfection and one of the religious values. Hajj should discuss the true meaning of Islamic politics and all matters of life. Hajj is an invitation to create a society free of material and spiritual vices. It is the manifestation and return of the divine and material affection of the perfect man and the perfect society and the hatred of the polytheists. So far, numerous articles have been written on the philosophy of the Ibrahimi Hajj and its effects from Imam Khomeini’s point of view; but the importance of this article is for its effort to analyze the original features of Hajj from the perspective of a scholar and a leader who led a great political event, the Islamic Revolution in Iran. Most of the articles deal with the political dimension of Hajj and neglect its spiritual and humanizing dimensions from the Imam’s point of view. According to the findings of the present research, desirable Hajj from the Imam’s viewpoint is a deed by which the pilgrim achieves various humanistic and religious characteristics and acquires a comprehensive collection of humanistic values. Accordingly, this library-based research examines the subject of desirable Hajj and its characteristics by reviewing Imam Khomeini’s speeches.

In its present formulation, externalism is an important new approach in contemporary philosophies of language and mind. Gertler, a contemporary analytic philosopher, has proposed a new problem concerning the criterion for the distinction between internalism and externalism about the mental content, in an attempt to show that the technical terms, “internalism,” and “externalism,” are seriously vague. The idea behind Gertler’s argument is that any criterion for such a distinction has to appeal to the notion of “subjective,” while this concept is, for her, descriptively and normatively vague and problematic. In this paper, I will first introduce the internalism-externalism debate in the philosophy of mind, and then elaborate Gertler’s problem. After explicating Gertler’s proposed criteria, I will finally seek to uncover and elaborate her wrong presuppositions and methodological errors.

The al-Ghadir hadith is one of the documented hadiths referred to by the Shi’a to prove that Imam ‘Ali (PBUH) was appointed by the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) to succeed him. Hence, Sunni scholar have examined the hadith, and sometimes questioned its authenticity, or interpreted it in such a way that does not imply the appointment of Imam ‘Ali by the Prophet. Using library research methods, and analyzing the documents, the author examines a reason for denying the hadith by Sunni scholars, that is, the insufficient frequency of its sources (tawator or estefadhe, in Arabic). He, then, poses questions such as what the sufficiency of frequency of historical sources as a criterion for assessing the authenticity of a hadith means, where the criterion can be applied, whether noncompliance with the criterion undermines the authenticity of a hadith, whether the al-Ghadir hadith passes the minimum requirements, according to the criterion, and what are the documents confirming the hadith. Answering the above questions, the author concludes that the al-Ghadir hadith certainly meets the requirement of minimum frequency of sources required by Muslim scholars.