جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ادراک خود » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the training package enhancement lateral domination over the components of executive functions including: initiation, working memory, planning, organizing and monitoring and visual perception components including: Visual-spatial relationship, visual form-constancy, visual sequential-memory and visual figure-ground of children with specific learning disabilities. The method of the present study was experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. From elementary school children from 7 to 12 years old who were diagnosed with specific learning disabilities in psychology clinics in Tehran in 2020, 30 people were randomly selected and then randomly replaced in two groups of 15 experimental and control. The Edinburgh inventory and Delacato Neurodevelopmental Scale, TVPS-R Visual Perception Test and Brief’s Behavioral Rating Scale of Executive Functions were used to collect data. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that the training package had an effect on executive functions (p <0.01 and F = 8.47) and visual perception (F=10.20 and P<0/01) in children with specific learning disabilities in the experimental group.

Few studies have examined the observability of social class through non-verbal cues as well as stereotypes related to class. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between reported social class and perceived social class via pictures with mediating stereotypes concerning class compromised: (attractiveness, intimacy, affect, competence, power, and maturity)
The current study utilized correlational and path analysis methodologies with a sample of 110 post-graduate students at the National Library of Iran. Participants assessed their social class status through a subjective scale based on parental education, and their class position in images was evaluated by external observers who also identified associated stereotypes. Data analysis involved correlation tests and path analysis techniques.
The findings of this research showed that the appearance of the face shows the underlying structure of the social class. It also showed that perceivers who classify social class use a variety of stereotypes for their judgment including attractiveness, competence, affection, and intimacy and all these variables have a positive and significant correlation with higher social class. However, the variables of facial dominance and maturity have a negative correlation with the perceived social class and are not used as valid variables in the perception of social class.
Overall, this research provides a clearer structure of the relationship between social class status and facial appearance and helps to understand how the first impression of social class status may not only affect our daily interactions but also have long-term consequences in our lives

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential mediating effect of suicidal ideation on the relationship between parenting styles, fundamental psychological needs, and adolescents' perceived burdensomeness with non-suicidal self-injury. The research study utilized a descriptive-correlational approach to examine a sample of 420 high school students (188 male and 232 female) selected through cluster random sampling from a larger population of 224,400 male and female high school students in Tehran during the 2019-2020 academic year. Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S), Parents as Social Context Questionnaire (PASCQ), and Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) were among the instruments utilized. Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were implemented in SPSS-23 and Amos-23 statistical software, respectively, to analyze the data. Suicidal ideation mediated a significant indirect effect of parenting styles, fundamental psychological needs, and perceived burdensomeness on non-suicidal self-injury, according to the results of structural equation modeling. An additional 44% of the variance in suicidal ideation could be attributed to perceived burdensomeness, fundamental psychological requirements, and parenting styles. Furthermore, a combination of parental styles, fundamental psychological needs, perceived burdensomeness, and suicidal ideation accounted for 35% of the variability observed in non-suicidal self-injury. These results suggest that fostering appropriate parenting styles, the satisfaction of fundamental psychological needs, the reduction of perceived burdensomeness, and the addressing of suicidal ideation in adolescents could effectively mitigate non-suicidal self-injury.

The aim of this study was the structural effect of attachment styles on perceived competency mediated by self-esteem in fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary students. This study was a descriptive-analytical correlational study. The statistical population included all students of the second year of elementary school (fourth, fifth and sixth) in the city of Quds in 2019-2020. The sample consisted of 400 fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary students 200 girls and 200 boys) who were selected by simple random sampling and completed The Harter Children's Self-Perception Profile, Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and The Kinship Center Attachment Questionnaire. Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling were used using SPSS version 24 and LiserL 8 software. The results showed that attachment styles predict competency perception, directly and through self-esteem. The results of this study showed that planners and counselors to pay attention to the important and fundamental role of self-esteem and attachment styles to increase competence perception in students and to promote them by holding workshops.

The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting the quality of life based on the perception of suffering in irritable bowel syndrome patients and using a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population of the study was made up of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome in Isfahan, who were selected using the table of Karjesi and Morgan (1970) by available sampling method, 140 people. Patrick and Drasman (1998) Quality of Life Questionnaire and Scholz et al.'s (2010) Experience and Perception Scale were used to collect information. The results showed that among the variables studied in the regression, the best predictor of quality of life was existential/spiritual suffering in the first step and physical suffering in the second step. Based on the results of step-by-step regression analysis, the relationship between existential/spiritual suffering and physical suffering with quality of life was significant. Based on this, in the first step, the coefficient of existential/spiritual suffering explains 13.8% of the variance of quality of life, and in the second step, the coefficients of existential/spiritual suffering and physical suffering explain 21.5% of the variance of quality of life. Also, the beta coefficient decreases the quality of life by 0.313 units per one unit increase in existential/spiritual suffering, and the beta coefficient decreases the quality of life by 0.283 units per one unit increase in physical suffering.

The aim of this study was to provide a health-related quality of life model for patients with type 2 diabetes based on disease perception, BMI and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of self-care behaviors. The research method was descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the research was type 2 diabetes patients who had visited the hospitals of Tankabon and Ramsar. The sample of the study was 350 patients with type 2 diabetes who were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected using health-related quality of life questionnaires (Baroghs et al., 2004), disease perception (Weinman et al., 1996), self-care behaviors (Tobert et al., 2000), body mass index, and demographic characteristics questionnaire. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that the structural model of the health-related quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes based on disease perception, BMI and demographic characteristics (age, education level, age of disease onset, duration of disease) with the mediating role of self-care behaviors fits with experimental data. Therefore, since the quality of life is considered an important health outcome, it is necessary to consider it as a main issue in the care of different patients, including patients with diabetes.

The aim of this research was to investigate the subjective experience of visual delight and abstract perception in Iranian culture as it relates to a variety of artistic genres. Furthermore, the objective of the study was to create a uniform repository of visual stimuli that could be utilized in scientific inquiries, with a particular focus on providing assistance to art therapy practitioners. The experimental and cross-sectional investigation, which spanned the academic year 2021-2022, centred on students and graduates of the faculties of engineering and fine arts at Tehran University. Six participants (two males and four females) were selected as a cohort using an available sampling technique. Every participant evaluated a total of 1045 paintings spanning across five distinct artistic movements: Impressionism, Cubism, Color Fields, and Abstract. The assessment duties comprised assigning ratings to the paintings according to their aesthetic appeal and tangible qualities. Statistical measures including the mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and mixed linear regression analysis were utilized in the data analysis. Utilizing Python 3, in conjunction with statistical utilities such as scipy and pingouin, enabled the execution of the analysis. The results indicated that there were notable variations in liking ratings among different artistic forms, with the exception of abstract cubism and abstract color fields. On the contrary, substantial disparities were noted across all genres in the concreteness-rating task, except for color fields, abstract, and cubism, which exhibited no noteworthy differentiation from one another.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of affect phobia therapy (APT) and acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) on the emotional self-awareness and perception of suffering in patients with chronic pain disorders.

This was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population infertile patients with chronic pain disorders to pain centers Isfahan in 2023. 45 of them were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in to three gropes. Data collection tools were emotional self-awareness questionnaire and perception of suffering questionnaire. The first experimental group underwent eight sessions of APT of the McCullough protocol (2003) and the second experimental group underwent eight sessions of ACT protocol of Dahl (2015). The control group was placed on the waiting list. Data analysis was done using of Analysis of covariance with SPSS-23.

The results showed that both interventions were effective in emotional self-awareness and reducing perception of patients with chronic pain disorders in the post-test and follow-up phase (P<0.05). There was significant difference between the two experimental groups in the post-test and follow-up stages in emotional self-awareness and ACT was more effective than APT (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two experimental groups in the post-test and follow-up stages in Perception of Suffering (P>0.05).

Both treatments are effective in improving the mental health patients with chronic pain disorders and can be used to reduce psychological problems in pain disorders treatment centers.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a psychological disorder that affects many aspects of students' lives. The effects of drug therapy is short. cognitive rehabilitation and education of mothers are non-pharmacological treatments. The research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of cognitive rehabilitation, training of mothers using the Barkley method and drug therapy on time perception in students with attention deficit disorder aged 9-12 years.

It was a experimental research of pre-test, post-test and follow-up type.The statistical population : all students aged 9-12 who were studying in elementary schools in Khorram Abad city in the academic year of 2018, with random sampling method, 45 students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in three rehabilitation experimental groups cognitive (15 people), education of mothers by Barkley's method (15 people) and drug therapy (15 people) were included. Connors questionnaire (Keith Connors, 1960) and time perception test (Nazari, Mirlo and Asadzadeh, 2013) were used in data collection. The cognitive rehabilitation group received 14 training sessions, the Barkley method training group received 9 training sessions, and the drug therapy group received medication. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures.

There is a difference between drug therapy and cognitive rehabilitation and training of mothers using the Barkley method on time perception in students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.(p=0.05)

Cognitive rehabilitation and training of mothers using the Barkley method can be used as complementary treatments to reduce the clinical symptoms of children with ADHD.

Type 2 diabetes, which is the most common type of this disease, is caused by the inefficiency of the body regarding the proper use of insulin, and this disease can affect the quality of life of affected patients due to its chronic nature. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a health-related quality of life model for type 2 diabetes patients based on disease perception and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of self-care behaviors.

The method of this study was correlation type. The statistical population of this study was all patients with type 2 diabetes who had visited the hospitals of Tonkabon and Ramsar cities within a six-month interval. 350 patients were selected by available sampling method. The data were obtained using the health-related quality of life questionnaire (Baroghs et al., 2004), the illness perception questionnaire (Weinman et al., 1996), the self-care behavior questionnaire (Tobert et al., 2000) and the demographic characteristics questionnaire. Came. Data analysis was done by structural equation method and using SmartPLS and SPSS software.

The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the perception of the disease and the quality of life related to the patients' health (P<0.01). There is a positive and significant relationship between self-care behaviors and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01). There is a significant relationship between demographic characteristics and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01).

As a result, the quality of life model related to the health of patients with type 2 diabetes based on the perception of the disease and demographic characteristics is suitable for the mediating role of self-care behaviors. Since the quality of life is considered an important health outcome, it is recommended to be considered as a main issue in the care of patients with diabetes.

Breast cancer is the most common disease and the second cause of death in women, which has many physical and psychological complications, and anxiety is one of them. Today, with the advancement of psychology, there are various ways to reduce stress and anxiety, especially for diseases such as cancer. Among these methods is treatment based on acceptance and commitment.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on disease perception, self-care behaviors and treatment adherence in female patients with breast cancer.

The current research design is a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group and follow-up. The statistical population of the research includes all female patients with breast cancer aged 25 to 45 who were referred to the oncology department of Imam Hossein Hospital in the second half of 2018, 40 of whom were selected through purposive sampling along with screening and based on Cohen's table, using The effect size and power of the test was selected as sample people, these people were replaced in two experimental and control groups using a random method. The experimental group underwent Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). In order to collect research data, a long-form disease perception questionnaire, a Madanlo treatment adherence questionnaire, and a self-care ability questionnaire were used.

The results of analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that acceptance and commitment-based treatment (ACT) was effective on the perception, adherence to treatment, and self-care ability of female breast cancer patients, and this effect was stable in the follow-up phase.

According to the findings of this research, it can be said that acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) as an effective intervention can be effective on the perception, adherence to treatment, and self-care ability of female patients with breast cancer. Therefore, the use of psychological services in parallel with the process of treating people with breast cancer is necessary for faster treatment.

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy on pain perception and distress tolerance of female patients with multiple sclerosis. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included female patients with multiple sclerosis who had been referred to the disability diagnosis group of the Tehran Welfare Organization in the third quarter of 2022 to use the services of the Welfare Organization. The statistical sample included 30 of these women who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data were collected using the Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance  Questionnaire (2005, DTS) and the Melzak Pain Perception Questionnaire (1975, MGPQ) and were analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements. The results showed that the main effect of the group was significant for (P<0.05, F=54.05) pain perception and (P<0.05, F=44.9) for distress tolerance; In the pain perception variable, the main effect of the three stages of the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (P>0.05, F=54.2) and distress tolerance variable (P>0.05, F=45.3) are significant and lasting. . It is concluded that short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy has been effective in pain perception and Distress Tolerance.

The aim of this study was to recognize and analyze the effective factors on employee work motivation in an industrial production unit applying thematic analysis approach. The purpose of the current study was considered as an applied research. The research method was qualitative and the statistical population was consisted of all 270 employees in different levels of an auto-parts manufacturing company in 2020-2021. Judgment sampling was done until the theoretical saturation was acquired. Applying in-depth and heurictic interviews, 17 individuals, both managers and non manager personnel at different levels of the company were questioned. The analysis method of this research was thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke) using MAXQDA2020 software. The findings indicate the identification of ten main themes as factors affecting work motivation was indicated, including perceived organizational justice, perceived organizational support, job involvement, occupational hardiness, compensation management, leadership style, economic status, role clarity, job security, and job demands. According to the results each of the main themes has a share of employees' work motivation while managers were better able to improve the work motivation of employees and affect their performance by considering identified perceptual factors derived from the qualitative analysis method.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mediating role of job search self-efficacy, complexity perception, and luck readiness variables in the relationship between career adaptability and employability among Iranian job seekers.

Data gathered using volunteer sampling and recruited a sample of 719 Iranian job seekers. The data was analysed using structural equation modeling. They were administered Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, Job Search Self-Efficacy Scale, Complexity Perception Index, Luck Readiness Index, and Employability Scale.

The results showed that the effect coefficients of career adaptability on job search self-efficacy (γ = 0.75 and p< 0.001), complexity perception (γ = 0.64 and p< 0.001), luck readiness (γ = 0.88 and p< 0.001), were statistically significant. Furthermore, the effect coefficients of job search self-efficacy (β = 0.39 and p< 0.001), complexity perception (β = 0.17 and p< 0.001), and luck readiness (β = 0.6 and p< 0.001) on employability, as an endogenous dependent variable, were statistically significant. Career adaptability was also indirectly related to employability through these variables.

In general, according to the findings of this study based on the existence of an indirect relationship between career adaptability and employability, it should be noted that in order to increase employability, it is necessary not only to pay attention to adaptability, but also to strategies for increasing job search self-efficacy, perception of complexity based on an open thinking system, and readiness for luck.

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy on the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease in people with irritable bowel syndrome. The research was a semi-experimental type with a one-month follow-up phase. The population consisted of all female patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The statistical sample included 30 people who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received meta-diagnostic treatment during 8 sessions of 60 minutes once a week. Data were collected by using Brad Bennett et al.'s (2006) brief IPQ and the severity of symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-SSS) by Lechner et al. (2013) (IBS-SSS) was repeatedly analyzed. The symptom severity scores of women with irritable bowel syndrome decreased from pre-test to post-test and follow-up, which indicates the effect of extra diagnostic treatment in reducing the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease in these women (p<0.05). with the persistence of the effect in the follow-up phase in reducing the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease; The stability of the effect of extra diagnostic group therapy on reducing the severity of symptoms and disease perception of women suffering from irritable bowel syndrome was confirmed (p<0.05). It can be concluded that this intervention was able to reduce the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease to a great extent.

Smoking is one of the serious threats to health and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current research is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population included all 45,000 employees of Tehran Municipality who were working and serving in 2019, and 215 people were selected as the sample population using cluster sampling method.. To collect research data from the smoking tendency questionnaire of Shur et al. (2000), the cognitive evaluation questionnaire of high-risk incidents from Froom et al. (1997), and the cognitive control questionnaire of Tetrick and Laraco (1987) and for the purpose of statistical analysis of the data. The structural equation analysis method was used. According to the results, the proposed model for predicting the tendency to smoke based on perceptual control with the mediation of risk perception had sufficient fit. Risk perception had a partial mediating role in relation to cognitive control and tendency to smoke.

Based on the results obtained in this study, it is possible to reduce the tendency to smoke by helping people to have perceptual control and also to increase risk perception

This research was conducted with the aim of predicting self-harm behaviors based on time perception, depression and self-forgiveness in adolescents. The research method was descriptive correlation study. The statistical population included all students aged 12 to 18 in Tehran. The sample consisted of 200 people who were selected by using cluster random sampling method. Mello and Worrell's time perception questionnaire (2015), Beck's depression questionnaire (1961), Kavinsky and Glenn's (2009) self-harm behaviors questionnaire, and Woll, D. Shi, Vakini's (2008) self-forgiveness questionnaire were used as instruments. Data analysis was done by structural equation method using PLS-3 software. The results showed that depression, self-forgiveness, positive and negative present have a significant direct effect on self-harm behaviors. This is while the negative present and the negative past with the mediation of depression and the positive present with the mediation of self-forgiveness have a significant indirect effect on self-harm behaviors. According to the findings of this research, it is clear that depression, negative past and negative present, with the mediation of depression, increase self-forgiveness and positive present decrease self-harming behaviors. Overall, the results support the role of time perspective in predicting the disorder of self-harm behaviors in adolescents, and therefore it can be used in prevention and formulation of intervention programs.