جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « life orientation » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

Virtual space generates a wide array of information and semantic expressions, creating a sense of abundance. Individuals become suspended in the construction of their identity when confronted with the vastness of this space and its plethora of resources. The present study aims to determine the mediating role of life orientation, self-expression, and psychological well-being in the relationship between moral intelligence and the prevention of virtual identity.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all female students in the second year of high school in Shiraz who were studying during the academic year 2022-2023. Among the statistical population, 382 people were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method with the Morgan and Karjesi formula. For data collection, self-expression was assessed using the Gambrill and Reiji (1975) questionnaire, psychological well-being with Rief's (1989) measure, moral intelligence using Link and Keel's (2008) instrument, and life orientation through Shier and Carver's (1985) scale. Data were analyzed using path analysis.

The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between moral intelligence, life orientation, self-expression, and psychological well-being with the prevention of virtual identity (P < 0.01). Moreover, moral intelligence was positively and significantly related to life orientation, self-expression, and psychological well-being (P < 0.01). The results further demonstrated that life orientation, self-expression, and psychological well-being acted as significant mediators in the relationship between moral intelligence and the prevention of virtual identity (P < 0.01).

The findings indicate that moral intelligence influences the prevention of virtual identity through self-expression, life orientation, and psychological well-being as mediators. Based on the obtained indices and coefficients, it can be concluded that the proposed model of the causal relationships between moral intelligence and prevention of virtual identity, with the mediation of self-expression, life orientation, and psychological well-being, adequately explains the data.

The purpose of the present study was the relationship between family problem solving skills and life orientation with the quality of life and happiness of the head of the family under the welfare of East Tehran. The statistical population of this research includes all heads of families covered by welfare in East Tehran, whose number was 3500. The sample size was estimated to be 346 people based on the size of the statistical population and using the Krejcie and Morgan table, taking into account the dropout of subjects. Also, the statistical sample size was selected by simple random sampling method. Data collection tools include Ahmadi et al.'s Family Problem Solving Questionnaire (2003), Shier and Carver's Life Orientation (1985), World Health Organization's Quality of Life (1995) and Happiness Oxford (1990). The analysis of the collected data was done in two descriptive and inferential methods through SPSS21 software, in which inferential statistics were Pearson's correlation test and multivariate regression method, and in descriptive statistics, mean and the standard deviation was used. The results showed that family problem solving skills and life orientation are able to predict the quality of life and happiness in the head of a family covered by the welfare of East Tehran. It can be concluded that family problem solving skills, a greater contribution in It predicts the quality of life and happiness in the head of the family

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused therapy on self -handicapping, interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in divorced women referred to counseling centers in Isfahan. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up which was performed in the fall of 2020.  For this purpose, among the referents, 28 women who met the criteria for entering the research were selected with the convenience sampling and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The participants of the experimental group received Goldman and Greenberg's emotion-focused therapy individually for 9 sessions of 90 minutes. They answered the questionnaires of Jones & Rudwalt Self-handicapping, Jerabek Interpersonal Communication Skills and Scheier & Carver. Life Orientation [1]in three phases. For data analysis variance with repeated measures was used. Finding indicated reduction in mean of self-handicapping and improvement in interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in experimental group in comparison to control group. Based on the findings, for reduction of self-handicapping and improvement in interpersonal communication skills and life orientation in divorced women emotion focused therapy can be used.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of solution-oriented group therapy on the meaning of life and life direction in women suffering from marital heartbreak. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all married women with marital dissatisfaction who were referred to counseling centers in Rasht City in 2021. From this statistical population, 30 people were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly replaced into two groups of 15 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). To collect data, Steger et al.'s Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ) (2006) and Scheer and Carver's Life Orientation Questionnaire (LOT) (1985) were used. Grant's solution-oriented counseling sessions (2011) were arranged in 8 sessions, 4 weeks long, two sessions each week, and each session lasting 90 minutes. Data were analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance. The results of data analysis showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there was a significant difference (P<0.001) between the post-test mean of life meaning and life orientation in the two experimental and control groups. Life orientation was effective.

Considering the emergence of covid-19 disease and the importance of the anxiety of this disease in the mental health of women, the aim of this research was to predict Covid-19 anxiety based on life orientation and cognitive flexibility among the women of Baneh City.

This research is a correlational study, which was conducted cross-sectionally. The statistical population included all women in Baneh city, from which 250 people were selected using available random sampling and answered the questionnaires on Covid-19 anxiety, life orientation, and cognitive flexibility. The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis with enter model SPSS-18 software.

The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between optimistic orientation and Covid-19 anxiety and its dimensions. There is a positive and significant relationship between the physical dimension of Covid-19 anxiety and pessimistic orientation. Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between cognitive flexibility and Covid-19 anxiety and the results of multiple regression analysis revealed that 7 % and 7.3% of the variance of Covid-19 anxiety is explained by optimistic orientation, Control, and Alternatives subscales.

The findings showed that life orientation and cognitive flexibility play an important role in women's covid-19 anxiety. Therefore, targeting such topics in people's psychological intervention programs can be useful in reducing their covid-19 anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to predict frustration intolerance based on attachment to God and life orientation in female students in Ramhormoz. The statistical population of this study was all female students in Ramhormoz. The statistical sample of the present study was 320 people from the mentioned population who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Scheier and Carver (1985) Life Orientation Test, Beck and McDonald Attachment to God inventory (2004) and Harrington Frustration Tolerance Scale (2005) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multivariate regression statistical methods. The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between attachment to God and life orientation with frustration intolerance. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that in educational centers to increase and improve the tolerance of students against frustration and increase their psychological health to the variables of attachment to God and life orientation attention be special.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness among veterans' spouses. The statistical population included all the wives of veterans who referred to the Martyrs and Veterans Foundation of Karaj in 2021, from which 30 women who met the criteria for inclusion in the study were selected by purposive sampling method which was randomly assigned to 2 groups of 15 people. Experiments and controls were selected and the experimental group received 8 sessions of self-compassion training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using the Life Orientation Questionnaire (1994) and Interpersonal Forgiveness Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS23 software. Comparison of means shows that the intervention was more effective in changing the scores of life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness. Differences from post-test to follow-up were not significant (P <0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of shaft treatment on life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness is stable over time.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between daily spiritual experiences, positive and negative effects, and students' life orientation through path analysis. The statistical population consisted of undergraduate students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. A total of 205 students (94 girls and 111 boys) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and completed the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES; Underwood & Teresi, 2002); Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988), and life orientation Test (LOT; Scheier et al., 1994). Data were analyzed by path analysis. The results showed that God’s presence through positive and negative effects has an indirect and significant relationship with life orientation (p<0.01). The indirect relationship between a relationship with God and caring for others with life orientation mediated by negative effects was also significant (p<0.01). The path model also had a good fit. Daily spiritual experiences seem to be related to the students' life orientation through positive and negative effects.

The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of aesthetic intelligence in the relation of self-handicapping on academic buoyancy, psychological playfulness and life orientation in teenagers. The population included all students of high schools in Poldokhtar city in 2017-2018 amounting to 3990 people. According to Krejcie and Morgan''s table, 350 participants were selected as the sample by multi-stage sampling. The following instruments were used to collect the data: Jones and Rudolph self-handicapping, Dehghanizadeh et al.’s academic buoyancy, Rashid et al.’s aesthetic intelligence, Shearer and Carver’s life orientation and Shen, Chick and Zinn’s psychological playfulness. The findings showed that the conceptual model of research was confirmed and self-handicapping had a significant and negative effect on aesthetic intelligence, academic buoyancy, psychological playfulness and life orientation. More importantly, aesthetic intelligence had a significant and positive effect on academic buoyancy and psychological playfulness, although, aesthetic intelligence did not have a significant effect on the participants’ life orientation. As result, in schools, self-handicapping has harmful effects on the psychological characteristics and educational outcomes of teenagers; nevertheless, relying on aesthetic intelligence can help reduce the adverse effects of this unfavorable trait and provide a good basis for the emergence of positive psychological and educational outcomes.

This study aimed to design a structural model for predicting marital satisfaction based on attachment styles and life orientation with the mediating role of sensation seeking in married women.

It is a correlational research and the statistical population was 1854 married women referring to health centers in the north of Tehran in 2018. Using random sampling, Azgol, Araj, Niavaran, and Bagh Ferdows neighborhoods were selected, and from these neighborhoods based on Sample Power software, 350 women were selected. Then, Enrich's (1989) Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Collins and Reed's Adult Attachment Questionnaire (1990), Shearer and Carver's (1985) Life Orientation, and Zuckerman's (1978) Sensation Seeking Questionnaire were completed and the data were analyzed using Smart Plus structural equations.

The results showed that the direct path of model fit of secure (β = 0.62), anxious (β = = -0.65),  and avoidant (β = -0.43) attachment style, life orientation optimistic perception (β = 0.46) and pessimistic perception (β = -0.57) and sensation seeking (β = 0.59) have a positive effect on marital satisfaction. Structural model can also predicate marital satisfaction based on secure (β = 0.53), anxious (β = -0.65), and avoidant (β = -0.43) attachment style, optimistic perception (β = 0.42) and pessimistic perception (β = -0.45) through sensation seeking mediation.

The results show that the design of an appropriate structural model for predicting marital satisfaction based on attachment styles and life orientation with the mediating role of sensation seeking is consistent with the theoretical model and has a good fit; Therefore, for the cohesion and creation of a desirable marital relationship, it is possible to improve couples' relationships by recognizing the emotions of each couple, the type of attachment style and the confrontation of their psychological elements.

Forgiveness is a motivational and multi-dimensional structure that has long entered into the psychology literature but it is a relatively new topic and has received much attention of psychological approaches, especially positive psychology. We conducted the study on 420 male and female high school students in Evaz city. The data collection instruments included interpersonal forgiveness scale, attachment style inventory, life orientation and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Multiple regression analysis showed a direct connection between forgiveness and self-esteem and positive life orientation and there was a significant inverse relationship between forgiveness and ambivalent attachment style and avoidance and negative life orientation (p < .05). The model predicted 19% variance of male's forgiveness and 9% variance of female's forgiveness. Participants with insecure attachment style were less inclined to be forgiving. Using strategies to improve self-esteem and increase attention to the positive side of life in students will be effective to improve their psychological well-being and forgiveness.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate of the effectiveness of mental immunization training on alexithymia, self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment in Tehran Township. The present research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The participants were 28 male adolescents with hearing impairment from Tehran Township high school using an available method. Subjects were divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisting of 14 adolescents. Experimental group received psychological immunization program in 10 sessions for 50 minutes while control group did not. The instruments of present research were Toronto alexithymia scale (1994), Deci & Ryan basic need satisfaction questionnaire (2000) and Scheier & Carver life orientation test (1994). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for analyzing the data. The results of MANCOVA showed that mental immunization training had a significant effect on the alexithymia, self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment. Therefore, mental immunization training can reduce the alexithymia and improve the self-determination and life orientation of adolescents with hearing impairment.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of life orientation in relationship between attachment styles dimensions and happiness in high school students. Two hundred sixty seven male and female high school students of Babolsar city were selected by random multi-stage cluster sampling method. To gathering data, Attachment Styles Scale(Collins & Read, 1990) , Life Orientation Test-R (Scheier, Carver, Bridges, 1994) & Oxford Happiness Inventory (Hills & Argyle, 2001) questionnaire were used. In order to evaluate the proposed model of this study, path analyze method was used. Regarding the values obtained for the indexes, data were fitted with the proposed model of the research. Direct hypothesis examination indicated that : (1) the secure attachment style was a positive predictor for the optimism and happiness (2) the insecure attachment avoidant style was a negative predictor for the optimism and the insecure attachment ambivalent style was a negative predictore for the optimism and happiness (3) the optimism was a negative predictor for the happiness. Indirect hypothesis examination indicated that: (1) the secure attachment style was a positive predictor for the happiness (2) the insecure attachment avoidant style and the insecure attachment ambivalent style were negative predictors for the happiness.

This research aimed at explaining the effects of psycho-social factors on the altruism of charity school- builders. Research method was correlational, and the sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. According to the numbers of variables and Kerjesi-Morgan Table, the sample size was determined as 370 people. The following instruments were used to collect data: Personality tests ( Neo) , Optimism, Schwartz' General Self- efficacy, Hermance 's Achievement Motivation, material values, metaphysics, moral autonomy and moral sentiments. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlational matrix and the multivariate regression was analyzed based on a simultaneous model. The research findings showed that there is a significant relationship between various dimensions of personality and the donor's altruism. The characteristics of self-efficacy, optimism and achievement motivation have also a significant relationship with the donor's altruism. Meanwhile, social factors or moral autonomy, material values, moral sentiments as well as metaphysic values have a significant relationship with the donor's altruism. According to the calculation of slope coefficient, psychological factors consisted of extroversion, agreement; life orientation and self-efficacy have clarified the donor's altruism. Social factors such as material values, metaphysics and moral sentiments have influenced the donor's altruism.

The purpose of this study was to predict the direction of subjective well-being through life and optimism. For this purpose, 300 (2140 males and 160 females) students selected using multi-stage cluster sampling Shdnd.nan mental well-being questionnaires Rumi et al. (1388), the meaning of life Mahvlyk (1964), for the life of the Shiyer et al (1994) have responded. The results showed that the orientation of life and optimism can predict their mental well-being. In other words, life orientation and optimism can be increased happiness and life satisfaction and depression. Based on the findings it can be stated that the orientation of the mental health and well-being of people living and optimistic impact.

One of the most important effects in life sastifaction is goal and positive orientering to Life. The purpose of this research is to study relation between life Orientering and advancement goals With Students’ life Satisfaction. 362 Students in Semnan university responded to questionnaires of life Orientering, advancement goals and life Satis Faction. The Findings showed That There is negative relation between pessimistic variable and life Satisfaction. Also, There is Positive relation Between life Satisfaction and others. Thus, The Findings Showed That optimistic attitude, advancement goal of Performance – Ingorance, Pessimistic attitude and advancement goal of Control- approach affect on Predicting life Satisfaction Generally. The results Showed that life Orientering and advancement goals caused Predicating life Satisfaction.