جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اعتماد" در نشریات گروه "کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات"

The aim of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors that influence knowledge sharing in software companies. Identifying and prioritizing these factors can help both experts and practitioners become familiar with the key components of knowledge sharing in software organizations. This familiarity will enhance teamwork and learning, while a stronger team spirit will contribute to increased productivity.
The present study was conducted using various quantitative methodologies with an applied orientation. In this study, two methods—Fuzzy Delphi and CODAS—were employed for data analysis. Since the skills for the questionnaire were derived from a review of reputable international and domestic articles in the fields of information science, knowledge management, and information and communication technologies, as well as interviews with professors and senior managers in these areas, both the expert and priority questionnaires demonstrate strong validity. Additionally, the priority questionnaire was deemed reliable due to the careful selection of an appropriate sample size and the screening of factors influencing knowledge sharing. The sample size in this study consisted of 10 participants, which is considered adequate for expert-based judgmental methods. In this research, the Fuzzy Delphi method was employed to identify the factors influencing knowledge sharing in software companies. In this method, an initial list of factors influencing knowledge sharing was created based on a literature review and expert opinions. These factors were subsequently presented to experts, and their opinions on the significance of each factor were gathered. Finally, factors that exceeded a certain threshold of importance were selected for the next stage of analysis. Subsequently, the CODAS method was employed to rank the factors influencing knowledge sharing in software companies. In this method, the factors influencing knowledge sharing, which were identified in the previous stage, were evaluated using a fuzzy numerical spectrum. Then, these valuations were processed using the CODAS method, and the key factors influencing knowledge sharing in software companies were identified.
In the initial stage, 60 factors were identified and evaluated using the fuzzy Delphi method. From this analysis, 13 key factors were extracted and prioritized using the CODAS method. The final factors influencing knowledge sharing in software organizations include trust, motivation, a knowledge power mentality, professional competence, and organizational culture. Additionally,self-confidence, knowledge security, organizational factors, concerns regarding the accuracy ofan individual's perception of their knowledge, knowledge complexity, knowledge presence and identification, limited access to knowledge, and organizational support also play significant roles in facilitating knowledge sharing.
Knowledge sharing in software organizations relies on several factors, including trust among employees, employee motivation, the mentality surrounding knowledge as power, the professional competence of staff, and the overall organizational culture. Software organizations can enhance trust among employees by fostering opportunities for interaction and collaboration, promoting teamwork, and cultivating an atmosphere of respect and cooperation. Employee motivation is enhanced by demonstrating the value of knowledge sharing and offering rewards for participation. Additionally, fostering a culture of knowledge empowerment is encouraged through education about the significance of knowledge and promoting its application to improve performance, facilitate learning, and support individual growth. The professional competence of employees can be enhanced through training and professional development, promoting the sharing of knowledge and experiences, and creating opportunities for learning. Finally, the development of organizational culture can be enhanced by emphasizing the importance of knowledge sharing, encouraging and rewarding such practices, creating opportunities for interaction and collaboration, and implementing knowledge management technologies. These strategies can help software organizations improve knowledge sharing and reap its benefits.

Knowledge sharing and scholarly communications do not happen in a vacuum. It appears that knowledge sharing and scholarly communication are influenced by individual and organizational factors, which play an important role in the survival of the university. The present study analyzes major factors such as trust, mental norms, organizational culture, and reward system on the attitude and intention of knowledge sharing and on scholarly communication. The researcher investigated how these factors can affect scholarly communication widely by using the mediating role of knowledge sharing. The review of previous studies indicates that the effect of some individual and organizational factors on scholarly communication has been of limited interest to researchers. In addition, no study was found in Iran regarding the mediating role of knowledge sharing on scholarly communication. Furthermore, few studies have been conducted outside of Iran regarding knowledge sharing and scholarly communication. Considering, the importance of individual and organizational factors and the important role that these two variables have in knowledge sharing (attitude and intention to share knowledge), and scholarly communication, this research aims to display the importance of some individual and organizational factors among universities in the west of the country with this approach, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of individual and organizational factors on the attitude and intention to share knowledge and its role in scholarly communication among faculty members of universities in the west of the country.

The research method adopted in the study was survey-analytical. The statistical population of the study who were recruited based on simple random sampling method were faculty members of the western universities (in the provinces Kermanshah, Ilam, and Kurdistan) including 270 faculty members. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. In order to ensure the content validity of the study, five experts were asked to pass their judgments on the draft. Cronbach's test was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The results of Cronbach's test showed that the trust component (.75), subjective norms (.84), organizational culture (.80), reward system (.74), knowledge sharing attitude (.91), knowledge sharing intention (.73) and scholarly communication (.87) and a total of 41 questions equal to.74 were obtained, which indicated the appropriate reliability of the scale. According to the quantitative approach in this research, data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, skewness, and kurtosis) and inferential statistics, multiple regression test, and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Amos software

The research findings showed that the variable of trust through the attitude of knowledge sharing and the mental variable through the intention to share knowledge affected scholarly communication. The variables of organizational culture and reward system affected scholarly communication only through the attitude of knowledge sharing, and organizational culture only through the intention of knowledge sharing. The variable of mental norms, not only indirectly affected scholarly communication, directly affected scholarly communication. Also, the findings showed that the greatest regression effect related to the trust variable (.394) was on the knowledge sharing attitude. Furthermore, knowledge sharing attitude (.114) had the least regression effect on scholarly communication. The results of structural equations showed that although the CMIN/DF index and RMSEA (Root mean square error of approximation) were not satisfactory, but the other model fit indices, including absolute fit indices, comparative fit indices, and parsimonious fit indices, had a favorable and acceptable status, which shows that the presented model has relatively acceptable.

In general, the results of the research showed that trust, organizational culture, and reward system have an effect on scholarly communication through the mediation of knowledge sharing attitude and knowledge sharing intention. Furthermore, these factors are important elements that determine Knowledge sharing behaviors in higher education. Therefore, the role of these factors in the development of scholarly communication by maintaining the mediating role of knowledge sharing is undeniable, and this can be justified considering that most of the activities of academic staff are individual-oriented and organization-oriented. According to the findings, it is suggested that universities provide an environment that facilitates the knowledge sharing process in order to strengthen the scholarly communication of faculty members. It is also necessary for universities to focus more on people's trust and mental norms in order to create trust, collective cooperation, and social interactions between faculty members in the university. This will have an important effect on scientific development and scientific production.

The performance of people and organizational units is largely affected by organizational variables. Some organizational variables, such as the level of trust between people, have an effect on performance, especially in the case of jobs whose operators perform part of their activities outside the work environment, the importance of this matter becomes more important; because trust between people is one of the components that affects the entire mental atmosphere of employees both in the work environment and outside of it. Organizational trust is a psychological environment that must be built with the help of all members of the organization, and it means that employees ensure that they are not harmed by managers, colleagues and other stakeholders. The results of the studies show that organizations that have a suitable level of trust have more coordinated structures, stronger strategic alliances, stronger work teams, more effective crisis management, facilitating empowerment, the ability to change, and reducing psychological pressure. Reducing uncertainty about the future, the desire to obey the decisions of the supervisor and the organization's regulations, and improving organizational effectiveness are more successful, better adaptability, more innovation, more cooperative behaviors, more desirable purposefulness, and higher loyalty. In recent years, trust has been in the spotlight as a vital element in the success of organizations. In organizations such as universities, where most of their activities are educational and research, trust is much more important. In this type of organizations, participation and cooperation, exchange of views, knowledge and information, and doing group work that is necessary to carry out effective educational and research activities will not be formed in an atmosphere based on trust. However, few researches have been done in the field of trust among faculty members in universities. This has left universities without clear guidance on how to strengthen the vital relationships between faculty members and their administrators. In order to strengthen the trust among the faculty members, before doing anything, one must know the factors that cause distrust in order to increase trust by removing them. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting mistrust among the faculty members of knowledge and information science departments of Iranian state universities.

The current research is an applied type, which was carried out using the ground theory method. The statistical population of the present study was the faculty members of the knowledge and information science departments of Iran's state universities, and the sample members were selected by purposive sampling. The basis for selecting the sample members was that they have at least 3 years of work experience as faculty members, and an effort was made to include as many as possible from all educational groups in the country, although some people did not cooperate with the researchers. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data, which included 4 main questions, and of course, other questions were also asked depending on the interview process. The process of conducting interviews continued until reaching theoretical saturation after interviewing 38 faculty members. In terms of academic rank, 8 of the sample members were professors, 11 were associate professors, and 19 were assistant professors. In the Grounded Theory method, three types of coding are used for data analysis, which include open, axial, and selective coding. Based on this, thematic analysis method was used to interpret and review the interviews and data coding, which is one of the common and efficient methods in qualitative content analysis. In general, in the current research, the interviews were recorded using the audio recording program during the interview phase with the faculty members. Then the conducted interviews were typed in Word software and after editing and reviewing the initial codes were formed. In the following, the primary codes were placed under the main and subcategories. To determine the validity and reliability of the research data, the four criteria of reliability, validity, transferability and verifiability were used.

By analyzing the qualitative data, 123 initial codes were identified as factors affecting distrust among the faculty members of knowledge and information departments of Iran's public universities, and these codes were categorized into 16 subcategories and 4 main categories. The main categories are cultural and social factors (including two sub-categories of micro and macro factors); inadequacy in interpersonal relationships (including five sub-categories of weakness in communication skills, failure to separate different issues, not respecting the differences and opinions of others, prejudice and judgment, lack of atmosphere of friendship and benevolence); Individual factors (including five sub-categories of non-compliance with ethical issues, personality traits, intellectual and ideological differences, lack of reliance on scientific and professional ethics, previous unpleasant experiences) and organizational factors (including the sub-category of organization management, weaknesses in the organization of some groups and fields, non-compliance with fairness and justice, and job characteristics of faculty members).Discussion and

The results of the research showed that although several factors have an effect on distrust among faculty members of knowledge and information science groups,  their strengthening and improvement can provide the basis for increasing the trust between them and it is expected that the administrators and officials of the higher education system and also the university administrators, looking at the findings of the current research, will provide the basis for increasing the trust between the faculty members. Educational groups of information science should also provide the necessary conditions for communication, interaction and cooperation with each other. Defining joint projects, participating in holding classes and training courses, cooperating in holding seminars and conferences, using the capacity and capability of all educational groups in making macro-discipline decisions and the friendship which can become the basis for increasing trust among faculty members.

The present study aims at investigating the effect of communication and task conflict on the employees’ knowledge sharing with the mediating role of trust and psychological empowerment in the Hamadan Education Organization.

This is an applied study, and a data collection form was used to conduct a survey. The statistical population includes the authorities and employees of the Hamadan Education Organization. Since the population is infinite, 384 people were selected out of the employees, experts, and authorities of this organization by simple random sampling. The variables were measured by a standard questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The hypotheses were tested by structural equation modeling (SEM).

According to the results, task conflict can explain the variance of the employee’s communication conflicts by 64.3% and the psychological empowerment of the employees by 29.8%. Communication conflicts can explain the differences in psychological empowerment of 71.1% of employees, trust of 6.9% of employees, and knowledge sharing of 19.9% of employees. Psychological empowerment can explain 28.8% of employee trust fluctuations and 23.4% of employee knowledge sharing. The employees’ trust can explain 37.5% of the variance of the employees’ knowledge sharing in Hamadan Education Organization.

In the first hypothesis, the effect of task conflict on communication conflict was approved by 0.643. The results of the present study are consistent with the findings reported by Wei-Tsong Wang et al. (2019). In the second hypothesis, the effect of task conflict on the psychological empowerment of the employees was approved by -0.298. The standardized coefficient of correlation between these two variables is negative. So, this further strongly suggests that an increase in task conflict leads to a decrease in psychological empowerment of the employees, and vice versa. The results of this research are consistent with the findings reported by Mohammad et al. (2013). In the third hypothesis, the effect of communication conflict on the psychological empowerment of the employees was approved by 0.071. The results are consistent with the findings reported by Wei-Tsong Wang et al. (2019). So also, another hypothesis has approved the effect of communication conflict on the employees’ trust by 0.288. The results are consistent with the findings reported by Wei-Tsong Wang et al. (2019).  In the fifth hypothesis, the effect of psychological empowerment on the employees’ trust was approved by 0.069. The results are consistent with the findings reported by Alajmi (2017).  In the sixth hypothesis, the effect of psychological empowerment on the employees’ knowledge sharing in the Education Department was approved by 0.158. This finding is consistent with the results of studies performed by Helmy et al. (2019) and Ghalavandi et al. (2017).   In the seventh hypothesis, the effect of trust on employees’ knowledge sharing in the Hamadan Education Department was approved by 0.375. This finding is consistent with the results of studies performed by Hasanzadeh and Alizadeh (2017) and Ebrahimi et al. (2012). This hypothesis suggests that there is a significant positive relationship between the components of organizational trust and all the dimensions of knowledge management. Furthermore, trust components including the employees’ trust in each other, trust with the manager, and institutional trust can also play a significantly positive predictive role in explaining knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, knowledge application, and knowledge preservation. In other words, it can be concluded from this hypothesis that higher trust leads to participation in knowledge sharing and management that can eventually be effective in capability and performance. In the eighth hypothesis, the effect of communication conflict on the employees’ knowledge sharing was approved by 0.199. This finding is consistent with the results reported by Wei-Tsong Wang et al. (2019). Finally, the ninth hypothesis approved the effect of task conflict on the employees’ knowledge sharing in the Hamadan Education Department by -0.23. As the standardized coefficient of correlation between these two variables is negative, an increase in task conflict leads to a decrease in the employees’ knowledge sharing, and vice versa. Therefore, the research hypotheses show that the lower the conflict between the employees, the higher their trust in the organization will be. Thus, they will be more motivated to participate in group and systemic activities such as knowledge sharing and information exchange between different sectors. As shown in current and previous surveys, the factors mentioned can promote and improve employee performance and thus organizational performance.

This study was conducted to provide a social media-based model of the factors affecting the promotion of trust in e-commerce using three-stage grounded theory.

The statistical community has been purposefully selected and it includes experts and specialists with knowledge and familiarity with the subject of e-commerce and related issues and those involved in its implementation. The research tool was the implementation of interviews in the form of coding and summarizing them and the method of data analysis using coding and categorization of categories and themes using the grounded theory method. Finally, the statements obtained from the interview are categorized by three methods of open, selective, and axial coding. Finally, by examining the causal conditions, background conditions, and intervening conditions, the effective factors in promoting trust in e-commerce were identified.

After analyzing the data based on expert evaluation, it was observed that there is a significant relationship between the reliability of e-business websites and improving customer trust. It was also confirmed that a reputable brand and the transparency of a website have a direct effect on increasing customer trust in the website.

The effective supportive role of the government in the development ofe-commerce was proven. The results of this research apply to consumers and e-business owners.

The present article intends to examine the social dimensions and consequences of the coronavirus outbreak crisis (Covid 19) as a global Risk. For this purpose, Ulrich Beck's theory of "risky society" has been used. According to this theory, the emergence and spread of the Covid 19 virus can be the result of a human decision to increase profits, indirect human intervention in nature and thus a kind of global risk that will have many social consequences for societies. Corona disease has all the characteristics of a risk: first, this type of coronavirus (Covid19) has been discovered and spread for the first time, so it is a new risk, and second, the scope and number of people with the disease is constantly increasing, and third, It is expanding in time and space, which means that it has spread around the world and has spread over time. The method used in the research is the documentary study method. According to Beck's theory, one of the negative social consequences of risk (the prevalence of corona in society) is the feeling of anxiety and reduced social trust in the institution of science and governance in society. Finally, the researcher uses the concept of Beck's "cosmopolitanism" and proposes the formation of transnational organizations and democratic norms in society as a way out of risk.

Virtual communities on the Internet, allows users to communicate, exchange information and share knowledge in order to meet their needs. Many of the virtual communities failed due to members’ lack of willingness to share knowledge with each other. The main purpose of this research is to focus on the factors affecting interpersonal trust and investigate the effects of interpersonal trust on intention to knowledge sharing in virtual communities. Increase in interpersonal trust can increase motivation of virtual members in order to increase knowledge sharing. So we need to understand the factors affecting interpersonal trust and knowledge sharing behavior of members. Based on the extensive literature review, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted and the experimental data were collected from 27 communities. So in this study, the effect of 8 factors, on interpersonal trust and impact of interpersonal trust on knowledge sharing intention was evaluated between 336 virtual community members. Data were analyzed using structured equation modeling, in order to test the measurement model using confirmatory factor analysis, and to test the structural model. Results indicated that interpersonal trust has a significant impact on intend to share knowledge among users of virtual communities and factors including ability, Benevolence, Integrity, Predictability, Competence, shared vision, knowledge growth, and Create personal connections, have a positive influence on interpersonal trust. This study may help managers to manage virtual communities and promote the factors affecting interpersonal trust and stimulate the sharing of knowledge.

The appearance of social networks has been one of the most important events in recent decades. One of the issues raised in these networks, is how to trust. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of security, trust and privacy about information sharing on mobile social networks. The study also describes how users' gender moderates the privacy and security impact on trust. The current research is a descriptive-survey. In this research, Data from 190 social network users were gathered through a questionnaire designed in the form of a Telegram bot and examined using structural equation modeling techniques. Also, regarding to measure validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. And in order to fit reliability, Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability have been used. Analysis of the findings of the study shows that the security and privacy have a direct impact on users' trust. The findings also show that perceived security acts as a mediator between privacy and trust. The results show that trust has a significant impact on information sharing behavior and the impact of privacy and security on trust is stronger for men. In addition, the impact of trust on the desire to give information is more than desire to get information. In this study, a considerable effect between desire to get information and information sharing wasn't observed.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the most important factors that can determine forming knowledge sharing behavior among students in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad along with evaluating the elements that can affect the students’ knowledge sharing behavior.
A descriptive survey study was conducted to test some of the factors affecting the knowledge sharing behavior among undergraduate students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. For this purpose, an exploratory study was developed to identify the most important factors affecting knowledge sharing behavior. Then, 18 experts selected the main factors using Friedman test based on which a conceptual model was developed. Determining the validity and reliability of the scale, 390 questionnaires were distributed based on the stratified random sampling technique, 371 of which were returned. To analyze the data, path analysis method and Lisrel softwares were used.
FINDINGS:To conclude, it can be claimed that trust, motivation, attitude, and the intention of knowledge sharing are the most important factors affecting the students’ knowledge sharing behavior. Hence, universities must pay attention to these factors if they want to develop the knowledge sharing process and gain higher rate of academic participation within the university. In fact, the student's knowledge sharing behavior at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad was influenced by all the factors of the study, however, trust, motivation to share knowledge, attitude, and the intention to share knowledge were the most importance factors.
Depending on the final model of this research, special attention should not only be paid to trust, motivation, positive attitude, and the intention of knowledge sharing but also to the development of the perceived value of knowledge sharing, the requirements and the infrastructure requirements, and the sharing of production knowledge as they also can facilitate this process.

The present research aims to rank the relative performance of tourism websites in terms of e-satisfaction, e-trust, e-quality, and e-loyalty. To this end, two major Iranian travel websites providing accommodation (Iran Hotel Online) and tour packages (Marcopolo Corporation) are chosen and their performance is evaluated based on the above variables. This research comprises two separate surveys, first of which based on the university professors’ and websites designers’ reports (155 samples) and through structural equation modeling (SEM) examined the relative weight of variables in explaining the performance of websites. The results of this survey indicate that e-quality, e-loyalty, e-trust, and e-satisfaction have the strongest impact on the websites’ performance, respectively. In the second survey, based on websites existing e-customers’ reports (two categories of 154 and 187 samples) and also qualitative analysis of the websites’ characteristics, relative weights of the websites’ performance are calculated using fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (AHP). The findings served to inform that Marcopolo website obtained stronger weights for all four variables compared with Iran Hotel Online, indicating its higher performance in all variables. In particular, this advantage is strongly felt in the case of trust variable that might be well attributed to its more well-established brand. At the end, both weights are synthesized (0.580 and 0.418 for Marcopolo and Iran Hotel Online, respectively) and the websites’ performance is ranked indicating that Marcopolo website’s performance is higher than its counterpart in the all four variables. The current paper contributes to the literature by yielding some insight into how to benchmark websites performance in order to improve e-performance based on customers’ and experts’ perspectives.

This study tends to investigate the reasons of interpersonal trust and the results of trust in online scientific social networks.
The applied Research has been used cluster sampling to collect data. The study population consisted of Shiraz university and Persian Gulf university faculties. A sampling of 269 person was determined by Morgan table according to whole population (900 person). In order to gathering data it was used Wu, Chen and Chang (2010) questionnaire. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze data.
Results showed that Among the reasons that create trust among scientific social networks members, Satisfaction (Mean score= 27.2 and T score= 53./6) is the most effective. According to the obtained correlation coefficient between two variables commitment and trust (0.798), commitment is the result of trust in online scientific social networks. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between two variables Stickiness and trust (0.744) showed that the stickiness is the results of trust between members of online scientific social networks.
Conclusion. Due to high impact of satisfaction on creating trust between members of online scientific social networks, we should create consent and satisfaction of members, in order to provide a place that researchers think these networks are good places to present their specialized knowledge and experience and they can exchange their information and knowledge.

In effect, every scientific endeavor consisted of scientific communication and scientists’ involvement in particular field of study; and scientific board members as the most outstanding elements play a key role in scientific productions. Therefore, a constructive scientific communication requires obtaining credible and valid information. In so doing, this study tries to investigate the valid indicies in scientific communication (reading and citing) from Kharazmi University faculty members’ points of view.
The study is a descriptive survery. The population included faculty members of Kharazmi University. Self-selected sampling was used. In other words, the questionnaires were given to all faculty members, some participated and some did not. Totally 130 questionnaires were collected. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with a confirmed relibility and validity. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.20.
According to the results, the main credibility criteria used by researchers for reading an item were: topical relevance and validity of content and soundness of author's logic and arguments in paper. The main credibility criteria for citing an item include validity of content, topical relevance, and validity of data used in the paper. The main credibility criteria for using open access sources were peer reviewed quality of the content, and the reputation of authors. Quality of content is an important criterion both for reading and citing an item.
With respect to findings, it can be said that faculty memebers evaluate the credibility of information in both study and in citing mostly on the basis of meaning of information. For open access materials, peer-reviewing and content were important. Thus, it is recommended that the all stakeholders and the persons involved in the scientific comunication system, set the quality control in proiority.

With increase in the sales of goods and services via the internet and the widespread deployment of electronic commerce, issue of trust in e-commerce has become a vital element. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of uncertainty avoidance on students trust considering the meditational role of the student's perceptions in book online shopping.
Validity was accepted by factor analysis and reliability was evaluated and accepted by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0/79 > 0/7). This research applied by Survey method and sampling was implemented by convenience sampling method with proportionate stratified technique. 384 questionnaires were collected from the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 1391-92 years, as a sample size. For data analysis, we used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via PLS 2.
Findings: Findings showed that the “uncertainty avoidance” had not significant effect on student’s “trust”. However, “Student's perception” about “corporation size” and “privacy protection” had significant effect on student’s “trust”.
Originality/Value: We showed that for enhancement of trust among Iranian students, one most to diffuse significant signs of privacy protection and give their goods in large scale salesroom.

In the present era، Internet as an accepted and useful tool for commerce، buying and selling has become and Fundamental changes in the structure of industry and commerce has brought; in this among the preservation and strengthening customer loyalty for companies that are operating in Electronics space as a strategic challenge Is discussed In the field of maintain and develop a competitive position in the virtual space. This study sought to evaluate the impact of system quality، information quality and interface design quality on customer loyalty websites through role of the customers’ satisfaction and trust. The Population Statistical of this study is “Center market” website customers that among them 320 samples were selected randomly. Data analysis by using SPSS and AMOS statistical software was done and the statistical methods used in this study، structural equation modeling. The results show that the system quality and interface design quality significantly influences on the satisfaction and trust of web site customers; But does not influence the quality of information on these variables. The study also found that customer trust causing is His satisfaction and both variables the trust and satisfaction are influence on the customer loyalty.

Pregnant women are the most active users of health information with regard to the growing use of the Internet as an important source of information. This research studies the information interactions of pregnant women in Ninisite forum، andis to create awareness of pregnant women. This site is the largest Persian-language site for women''s issues، pregnancy and parenting. This applied research uses qualitative content analysis and semiotic analysis techniques. Content analysis method was used to identify the topics of the exchanged messages. Semiotic method was used to explore the dimensions of trust between users. All messages in the two sections of before and during pregnancy in a 6-month period (from October to March 2013) were studied. Analyzing two forums related to before and during pregnancy showed that users talk about different aspects of life. Medical، sales، education، recreation، friendships and communing، religion and lifestyle and empathy were the main themes of discussions. Most common information needs of women are: infertility disorders، diagnosis and treatment، the symptoms and complications of pregnancy، the fetus disorders، the pregnancy and delivery and birth. Cognitive and affective dimensions were the main components of trust among users. Results reveals the potential of forums for information exchange، therefore، applying forums for the dissemination of health information is recommended. It is also important that health officials control the quality of health information on the web.

In this research, we want to study staff social participation, and its related factors, amongst librarians of Tabriz public libraries. This is a survey. The research population includes all 155 librarians from Tabriz public libraries. Data was collected using a researcher- made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire is confirmed by experts, and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software package. Results show that the level of social participation amongst the staff of Tabriz public libraries is at a medium level. Findings also show an inverse correlation between social participation and the two variables of "interpersonal trust" and "social alienation", but a direct correlation between social participation and "reward motives". There is no statistical correlation between "institutional trust" and "the socio-economic status of the librarians". There is a significant correlation between social participation and the basic variables such as gender; so that the social participation of male librarians is more prevalent than that of female librarians. All in all, a combination of individual and social elements is involved in the construction of the theoretical model, based on behavior and participation theories. Based on these findings, the significance of social participation is strongly recognized by the research community. The clarification coefficient in regression equation is on a low level, so it seems that we need some other illustrative variables to explain the levels of social participation. We should also take the analysis level further than micro, and macro levels, and consider effective macro variables related to social participation from outside library organizations.Originality/value: By paying attention to the importance of social participation in the cultural, social and economic development of a society, library staff due to their high levels of communication with large groups of students, teachers, scholars and the general public, can play a key role in this regard. This study is the first of this kind of research.