جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « club » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

Today, the key to the success of an organization and society is earning money for its survival. Without a secure income, society and various organizations will be dissolved and destroyed and cannot survive in a competitive environment. Income is a financial source that is injected into an organization in different ways and the organization can use it to produce goods and services. Reliable and stable income can provide the necessary facilities to meet the costs and expenses of organizations. In fact, income and financial resources are known as the driving force of sports organizations, clubs and leagues. Generating income is necessary for the development, effective planning and maintaining these organizations' independence. Research has shown that financial resources are vital for non-profit organizations such as sports federations and clubs. Non-profit sports organizations need financial support from the government and private institutions, but they prefer to organize sports activities independently (Iskandar et al, 2019). Every sports organization needs financial support to advance its programs and projects. These supports help the sports organization reach its goals (Solntsev, 2021). An important part of these resources is provided by the government. Other forms of income can be obtained from international organizations, marketing income, membership fees and donations. Nowadays, to introduce their company's name and provide their financial resources, many sports organizations refer to the companies which are interested in volunteering. In addition, clubs are capable of generating value and their revenue structure for buying and selling players, sales of secondary products (shirts, sports equipment, etc.), fan sponsorship, television rights, ticket sales and advertising are such that they can generate financial resources (Ljumović et al, 2022). Financing is one of the important issues in the field of financial management. Over the years, various methods have been developed in this field, the existence of various financial instruments can increase market efficiency and optimal allocation of resources (Dróżdż, 2021). Today, many professional clubs are well capable of playing an important role in the strategic performance of countries. Furthermore, the development and sustainable performance and especially the acquisition of financial resources and stable income have been given a lot of attention in today's football. The lack of balance and non-realization of sustainable incomes in different organizations of the football industry, such as clubs and different leagues, have been confirmed by various studies and reports from reputable institutions (Dunbar & Middleton, 2022).Meanwhile, managers of clubs and economic enterprises can play an essential role in strategic performance.  Upon accepting the responsibility of financing, financial managers of companies or clubs must know the financial markets and financing methods in order to consider the most economical way of financing by using appropriate financial tools in the financial markets.Therefore, considering the importance of   income generation for clubs and the issue of financing development of football clubs , and  due to the fact that  the relationship between football clubs' financing methods and their strategic performance has not been discussed so far , this scientific challenge seems to strongly require regular, codified and organized scientific research. It is clear that by carrying out such researches, suggestions can be given to governments and non-government policy makers so that they can take basic steps to develop the financing of football clubs and the ways to overcome the strategic performance of their organizations with research-based decisions and establish a financially successful break - even point in their clubs. With this approach, the researchers in this study intend to answer the following question:  what are the financing methods and their relationship with the strategic performance of Iraq football clubs? This research is descriptive and correlational in terms of purpose and application. Its statistical population includes a selection of physical education professors of Iraq higher education institutions, managers and members of the physical education faculty of the Ministry of Science, coaches and referees and expert football experts, managers of public and private institutions active in the field of Iraq clubs who specialize in sports activities, especially football including 153 people who were selected as samples. The tools used in the current research include the researcher-made questionnaire and the standard strategic performance questionnaire of Slater et al. (2010). After confirming the validity of the questionnaires, the reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha method, the financing questionnaire (0.89), and the strategic performance questionnaire (0.82). The data analysis of this research was done in the descriptive part by means of percentage frequency, average and standard deviation and in the inferential part including Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression tests using SPSS22 software. The results after the analysis showed that the income from holding competitions, sponsorship and commercial income, broadcast rights and infrastructure, and monetary and financial markets can significantly predict the strategic performance of Iraq football clubs. Based on the findings of the research and since earning more money can significantly predict the strategic performance of Iraq football clubs, it is suggested to increase the size of the sports market in Iraq by increasing the participation of economic enterprises, supporting large companies and financial sponsors, advertising and promoting products, goods   and services, so that clubs can go through the commercialization process more easily. On the other hand, it seems that for the successful financing and commercialization of football clubs, a series of technical, economic and financial activities should be carried out in the light of the commercial registration of clubs as a commercial enterprise, so that clubs become institutions with a legal aspect and follow the rules of business. As a result, if the mechanism is well defined, clubs can achieve better financial success as also mentioned by other researchers (Szymanski & Weimar, 2019). They can continue to achieve sports success, and the club's sports success will also guarantee financial success and cause dynamism in clubs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the modernization strategies of sports businesses in the post-COVID-19 era. This research was conducted qualitatively. The statistical population of this research was the members of the faculty of sports management with a specialized field of marketing, experts in sports professions as well as the managers of sports clubs. To achieve the set goal, a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with elites was used. The interviews continued in a targeted manner and in the form of snowballs, and finally, 15 people were interviewed. Finally, the data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by contextual analysis. To confirm the validity and reliability in this study using the concept of reliability and its various elements, various strategies such as review at the time of coding, verification of results by referring to the topics, and approval of research colleagues were used and validity and reliability were confirmed. 33 final strategies were identified, which were classified into 8 categories, and in the last stage, three themes of content-oriented, process-oriented, and external strategies were selected. As a result, in the current economic situation of the country, when examining the cause of declining profitability and financial losses of sports businesses, both the general economic conditions of the country and specific internal factors of industry or poor internal management should be considered as additional stimuli. Therefore, sports businesses can prevent bankruptcy and business development with their unique strategy.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of religiosity in reducing the risky behaviors of athletes who are members of Tehran's fitness clubs. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of the method of collection. The tools of demographic research papers, risky behaviors (YRBSS) and religiosity were based on the model of Gluck and Stark (1965). SPSS version 21 software was used for analysis. The study population was all athletes in the field of bodybuilding in Tehran and the size of the study sample according to Morgan's table was 384 people, out of 500 questionnaires sent, 418 usable questionnaires were returned. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using the opinions of 11 specialists in the field of religious and sports sciences, and the reliability of the tool was confirmed by conducting a pilot study on 30 athletes. The findings of the research showed that, apart from the consequences, in my opinion, belief, experiential and meaningful relationship with the occurrence of high-risk behaviors among bodybuilders. In addition to that, the findings of the regression test showed that after rituals, bodybuilding predicted the occurrence of high-risk behaviors among athletes in Tehran. According to the findings of the research, it can be shown that religiosity and attention to religious principles and rituals can reduce the risky behaviors of bodybuilders.

The aim of this research was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire in the community of managers of active sports clubs in Mashhad. The The current research is descriptive and according to the psychometric properties of the sustainable marketing scale in the environment of sports clubs, the method of data collection belongs to correlational designs. The statistical population of this research was made up of all managers of sports clubs in Mashhad (N=1400). In order to determine the number of statistical samples, Nanali and Orit's suggestion of a ratio of 10 subjects to 1 variable and Guilford's recommendation (observing the minimum sample size of 200 subjects), which is known as Müller's rule of thumb (1996), were used, and therefore, 278 questionnaires were used as sampling. Collected available. The measurement tool used is the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire made by Lukik et al. (2020) which consists of 15 questions and has the components of strategic integration (questions 1 to 6), social engagement (questions 7 to 11) and ethical capabilities. (Questions 12 to 15). In order to check the validity of the translation, the measurement tool was determined from the standard translation-re-translation-translation method using the opinions of three professors fluent in English. In order to analyze the data, descriptive indices and statistical tests of Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's omega coefficient, theta coefficient, Brown's classification, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used in SPSS, Lisrel and Stata statistical software. The findings of exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation showed that the criteria for extracting components, the slope of the scree curve and the eigenvalue were higher than 1, based on which three main components were identified, and therefore, using the exploratory factor analysis method, the questionnaire had 15 The question has 3 components. Also, the questions of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire explain 60.72% of the total variance. Therefore, the variance percentages for the strategic integration component are 13.26, the social participation component is 19.12, and the moral capabilities component is 28.34. The results of the factor load of the questions indicate that the factor load of all the questions is acceptable. According to the results obtained from the form and content validity of the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire, the values of the CVR index are higher than 0.49 and the values of the CVI index are higher than 0.79. The results showed that the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire has an acceptable internal reliability (θ=0.979, Ω=0.971, α=0.963). Also, the reliability of strategic integration components (θ=0.961, Ω=0.953, α=0.943), social participation (θ=0.886, Ω=0.869, α=0.846) and capabilities Ethical (θ=0.926, Ω=0.901, α=0.892). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the relationship between questions (1 to 6) with the component of strategic integration, questions (7 to 11) with the component of social participation and questions (12 to 15) with the component of moral capabilities is significant. Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of strategic integration, social participation and ethical capabilities with the concept of sustainable marketing orientation. The results showed that the ratio of X2 to df is equal to 2.32 and the root mean square error (RMSEA) is equal to 0.092, so the structural model of the questionnaire has the necessary fit. Also, the indices NFI=0.92, CFI=0.93, GFI=0.91, AGFI=0.90 and IFI=0.93 confirmed the fit of the structural model of the questionnaire. Therefore, in total, all 7 mentioned indicators confirm the fit of the model and it can be acknowledged that the sustainable marketing orientation model is suitable in terms of fit indicators and all three components mentioned can be integrated in the structural model of the questionnaire. The average variance extracted for all three components is higher than 0.5, so the convergent validity of the constructs is confirmed. Also, according to the combined reliability values (Dillon-Goldstein coefficient) for each of the structures, it is acceptable, and as a result, the reliability of the model is confirmed. Finally, the internal and external validity of the presented model is confirmed. This result means that the structural equation model presented with the help of the software (Lisrel) in this research is a suitable structural model and fits the data obtained from this research. Based on this, it can be concluded that the data collected by this questionnaire can provide reliable results and provide researchers with accurate information. Based on the findings, the sustainable marketing orientation questionnaire is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to evaluate the performance of sports managers in the field of sustainable marketing and obtain reliable and stable results. Based on this, the sustainable marketing orientation model can provide detailed instructions on how to implement an effective sustainable marketing system to different sports managers.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the preference, withdrawal and retention of women in sports clubs. The research method was qualitative which was implemented by content analysis. The participants of the study included 19 female customers of sport clubs in Semnan province that selected by purposeful sampling. Research data were collected through semi-structured interviews. A total of 81 codes were obtained from the analysis of the interviews. Preference factor codes appeared in the form of five sub-themes: reasonable cost and payment method, reputation, appropriate location, activity plan, and attractive internal environment; Codes related to staying and leaving the club appeared in the form of six sub-themes (coach and executive staff, club atmosphere, training activities, emotional dependence, change risks and responding to needs) that represent the two ends of a spectrum. They say that one side leads to staying in the club and the other side leads to leaving the club. Managers of sports venues in the current competitive environment must go beyond being one-dimensional and pay attention to their customers from three perspectives (preference, withdrawal and retention) in order to achieve an acceptable competitive advantage.

The study is to design a model of cultural development in professional football clubs in Iran. This research is of grounded theory type and also of applied type. Spatially, the scope of the study included all professional football league clubs across the country, and interviewees were interviewed on a voluntary basis. Purposeful sampling was performed with maximum variety and snowball technique, which numbered 25 people. The process of data analysis based on the Strauss-Corbin model has been performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding, and finally the final research model is presented by combining the codes. After analyzing the content of the qualitative analysis of the interviews, the available data were extracted in various forms using MAXQDA12 software and displayed in tables and graphs.
 The data were finally classified into 35 categories and 201 concepts in 7 main categories. It seems that the title “cultural” at the beginning of the name of professional football clubs in our country has not been implemented in practice to a large extent, and it is necessary to eliminate the problems and shortcomings and cultural shortcomings in the clubs. This field should be provided for Iranian football clubs, so that the cultural level of the clubs is at least upgraded to its technical level and shows a worthy and dignified culture of Islam and Iran in the region and the world, and its other blessings are the income of the culture.

The aim of this study was to identify and rank the factors affecting the instability of the management of football clubs in the Premier League.

The present study was a descriptive, applied survey. The statistical comprehensive of the study included 100 Premier League managers, board of directors, coaches, players, members of the federation, and finally 86 questionnaires were returned to the researcher. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, the validity of which was confirmed by sports management professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method (0.988). The relevant questionnaire consisted of 36 questions in four categories, the share of each question was nine questions. In order to analyze the research findings, two categories of descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. In the first part, descriptive analysis of data was performed in the form of frequency distribution tables. In the second part, inferential statistical methods (mean of a population (t test) and Friedman test) were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses.

The results showed that the individual factors, the lack of expertise of managers and lack of experience, the functional factors, the lack of a comprehensive system for evaluating the performance of management and the non-sporting motives, the organizational factors, result-oriented and lack of meritocracy and finally, the environmental, political individuals football management and lack of independence of the exercise of the most important factors are the lack of stable management.

Overall rating factors and organizational factors also showed that the average (3/31) and personal factors with the highest average (1/03) have the lowest impact on volatility management.

The study is to investigate the obstacles to the privatization of Iranian football clubs through legal approach. The statistical population included professors of sports management and professors of sports law and law who were familiar with sports and the legal structure of sports. It was conducted by the method of snowball to saturation, and finally twenty people were examined. First, through library research and referring to other studies, the preliminaries of the research were provided and then, through interviews, dimensions and items were identified, total of 12 components, and then the interpretive structural process was performed. The findings showed that barriers to privatization of Iranian football clubs include barriers to clubs entering the capital market, structural problems of the stock market, financial barriers of clubs, bureaucracies of sports organizations, administrative problems of regulatory bodies, lack of transparency in administrative legal procedure, interference Government in the privatization of clubs, the influence of non-athletes in clubs, non-implementation of legal privatization laws, clubs' dependence on public and private sectors, distance from FIFA financial standards and legal restrictions on revenue generation.  According to the findings, it can be concluded that in order to develop privatization in Iranian football clubs, legal infrastructure should be created in privatization organizations and stock exchanges, and the private sector should enter the clubs by creating transparency in the structure of clubs.

In today's age, when the concepts of communication, competition, customerism, and business are inextricably linked, electronic marketing as an element of existing business and business plays a central role in maintaining and surviving businesses through attracting and retaining customers, introducing and introducing them. products and creating motivation to feel the need to buy, the main purpose of the current research is to analyze the factors affecting digital marketing in sports clubs in Tehran. The current research is of mixed model (qualitative-quantitative) or grand theory type. In which, qualitative method is used to collect the variables in the context of real life through interviews. The statistical population was used in the qualitative part of the research, with the interview method, according to experts and specialists who had more than 10 years of direct experience in managing sports marketing in social media, which ultimately led to the extraction and identification of variables. And the saturation sampling method was used. 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to the theoretical saturation of experts. In the quantitative part of this research, the statistical population is the managers of sports clubs in Tehran province, 384 people were selected as the sample size using the cluster sampling method and the Cochran formula. The statistical analysis of this research is on two qualitative and quantitative levels. Done. At the qualitative level, content analysis and coding were used, and at the quantitative level, the analysis was done with spss software.  .

Selling goods attributed to the clubs is one of the ways in which sports organizations increase their income. So, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the sale of commercial goods on Iranian Premier League clubs.

The research method was qualitative (grounded theory). The data collection tool was through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. After conducting 13 interviews with football experts, the codes reached theoretical saturation. Data were analyzed simultaneously using the Systematic approach.

By performing a three-step coding process (open, axial and selective), 261 non-duplicate initial codes were obtained, which were classified into 67 concepts and 25 categories. The results showed that the sale of club commercial goods in Iranian Football Premier League will enable the clubs to earn more income and boost their economic activities. Paying attention to information and human resources along with the elements related to marketing and real needs assessment are research strategies in selling commercial goods.

The research results can provide useful information for football managers at the micro, meso and macro levels to use the various capacities of the clubs and increase their revenue. The Football Federation is advised to consider the sale of commercial goods as one of the evaluation criteria in order to encourage football clubs.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of athlete brand image dimensions on the brand equity of football clubs in Rasht (Sepid Rud and Damash). According to the purpose of applied research and in terms of research strategy, the present study is a descriptive-correlational research that was conducted in the field. Statistical population of the study of all football spectators who had prepared a ticket to one of the games of the Speed Road and Damash football teams and went to the stadium. 250 people were selected by simple random sampling. In order to collect data from the standard questionnaire of "Athlete brand image" of Aria et al. (2013) and the standard questionnaire of "brand equity" of Tang and Hayoli (2009) to measure perceived quality variables, brand awareness, brand association as well as the standard questionnaire. Sasmita and Sooki (2015) have been used to measure the variables of brand loyalty. The content and face validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by 9 sports management experts. The reliability of the research tool was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the reliability of the questionnaire "Athlete brand image" and the questionnaire "brand equity" questionnaire (α = 0.84), (α = 0.76) and (α = 0.81), respectively. Has been reported. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The model evaluation results showed: t Factor loads of all components are the personal brand of athletes at the level of 99% confidence. and .

The purpose of this paper was to design a competences model of club managers in Iranian Football Premier League. This research was based on the purpose of applied research and was a descriptive-survey research. The method of qualitative research was the type of theme analysis. In order to identify the dimensions, components and criteria of the suitability of Iranian Premier League club managers. A preliminary questions was prepared after studying theoretical foundations using library resources and so, we conducted qualitative interviews with experts of this area. The criterion for selection of these people was researchers and scientific experience and work background. Data collection was done from 13 interviews and then coded and analyzed by theme analysis method. The initial list of interviews included 456 codes which, after reviewing, final analysis and three stages of coding, the final list for developing a competency model of managers, comprising 86 criteria and 16 components and 3 dimension of competency (individual, interpersonal and managerial skills). personal skills includes 7 components (technical and professional competence, academic and scientific knowledge, personality traits, technology, professional ethics, innovation and creativity and adaptability, and business skills); interpersonal skills included 5 components (communication skills, behavioral skills, social skills, political and cultural Intelligence, and customer orientation); and managerial skills included 4 components (human resource management, occupational characteristics, financial and legal skills and managerial characteristics). The results of this research suggest a desirable competency model that is essential and inevitable given the issues facing football clubs.

This study is to design a model of a comprehensive system of club football in Iran. Accordingly, this research has been done through qualitative method and using data theory. Purposive sampling was performed with 25 sport management professors, experts and athletes and theoretical saturation. The data analysis of the interviews was coded in accordance with the research strategy in three stages. NVIVO software was used in coding. The results showed that the proposed model and model of research in the framework of the football club system in the country, consisting of 14 core categories of destructive defects, attention to infrastructure, leadership, privatization, human resources development, legal and regulatory aspects, tax system, club ownership, understanding of the environment, education, ethics and culture, sponsorship, television broadcasting and stock exchange have been achieved through a combination of approximately 77 basic concepts.  Accordingly, a comprehensive system of club football in football as a core issue based on causal management, financial, environmental and legal conditions and through club ownership and management strategies, formulation and monitoring system, club business registration, management Media, marketing and recruiting of skilled and specialized human resources is achieved through the privatization of clubs and realizing financial consequences such as increased income and employment, sense of belonging to the club, consolidation of management plans, limiting political interference and raising professional standards.

By the play, athletes' thoughts and ideas can be developed from childhood and help them to progress physically, mentally, emotionally and socially in the future. The purpose of this study was to identify the indicators of child play club with play and maturity approach. In order to identify, analyze and report patterns in the data that play a key role in the activities of the child club, a qualitative method and thematic analysis strategy were used. To them analysis and achieving valuable indicators, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 experts in this field.The findings suggested that six themes, including the development of operational programs with a balanced growth approach, physical activity, maturity measurement, developmental assessment, painting analysis, and qualified and expert trainers, could be used as psychological indicators to create the desired situation. Consider covering the balance of soul and body. In general, the obtained indicators show that creating a good children's club, by employing qualified educators, can increase children's cognitive activities and minimize children's psychological changes and play an effective role in promoting a healthy lifestyle for children

The purpose of this research was to identify and rank the factors influencing co- branding between Manufacturers of sports equipment and Football Clubs of Iran Pro League. The present study was a qualitative-quantitative research. The statistical population of this study consisted of sports marketing management experts, CEO of Football Clubs and CEO of manufacturers of sports equipment. Of these, 16 persons collaborated with the researcher and made the Delphi Research Panel. In this study, Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify the factors affecting co-branding between clubs and sports equipment manufacturers. According to the Delphi Panel, the identified factors were categorized into 4 main factors with 19 components as follows: brand management (enhancing brand value, utilizing the knowledge and experience of partner brands in the area of brand management, brand positioning, brand identity, brand equity and brand image), relationship between partners (satisfaction, mutual trust, commitment, shared interests, reliability to creative and innovative product and strategies), marketing factors (marketing mix, market positioning, competitive advantage and entry into new domestic markets) and supportive factors (copyright law, contracts and social media). Hierarchical decision making (AHP) and Expert Choice software were used to prioritize the factors co- branding. Accordingly, among the components of the research, marketing with a relative weight of 0.441, is the most important influencing factor and after that, the relationship between partners (0.29), brand management (0.152) and support factors (0.172), respectively. Also, according to the obtained compatibility rate (0.05), the validity of this information has been confirmed. Therefore, it can be inferred from the results that the use of the results obtained in this research can be a way for future management of football clubs.

The main objective of this study was to Surrey the value of a sports brand in the clubs of the football Iranian Premier League.

The purpose of the research was applied and its method was descriptive-survey. The research area of ​​the fans of the Iranian Premier League Clubs at Azadi Stadium in Tehran, Imam Reza (AS) of Mashhad, Yadagh Imam (PBUH) of Tabriz, the role of Jahan of Isfahan, Ghadir of Ahwaz on football clubs with geographical distribution (regional) in Premier League 2018 was conducted and questionnaires were distributed at these stadiums. The quota-sampling method was Convenient Sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire consisted of 48 questions, whose face and content validity was confirmed by the professors of sports management and economics, and its Cronbach's alpha was 0.927 For data analysis, multiple stepwise regression, one-sample t-test and Friedman test were used.

The results showed that team history and club stars have the most influence and management of the clubs at the lowest level of influence among the factors influencing the brand value of the fans in the Iranian Football League clubs.

Based on the findings of this research, various strategies for developing brand equity have created the ability to properly develop brand effectiveness and effectiveness for managers in order to better manage their brands' brand management. Specifically, the proposed model provides a clear, precise, and detailed guide for managers to make strategic decisions in the area of ​​management and decisions about their club brand.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting financial development in Iranian professional societies.

The present study was a cross-sectional research carried out in qualitative and quantitative methods. The Samples in the qualitative method were 11 experts were informed about the research. the samples In the quantitative method were 65 pepple of Some senior football departments and the Ministry of Sports and Youth that were selected as the sample of the study based on the selection of all of them. The tool of the present study was Semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire of 31 questions. The validity of this questionnaire was reviewed and approved by some university professors. The reliability of this questionnaire was 0.81. To analyze the data, SPSS and PLS software were used.

The results of this study showed that 31 factors affecting financial development in Iran's professional football were extracted through interviews, which were classified into six technical, managerial, cultural, club, legal and motivational factors.

The results of the study showed that all identified factors affect the financial process in Iran's professional football. In the meantime, the technical factors with the impact of 0.967 had the most impact and the motivational factors had the lowest impact on the financial transfer of professional football by 0.647.