جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « confirmatory factor analysis » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

The aim of the current research was to identify the factors influencing the development of the productivity of human capital of the fire department and safety services through sports activities in the metropolis of Mashhad.

The current research is practical in terms of its purpose and in terms of the nature of the research, it is in the category of exploratory research, which was carried out using a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) method. The statistical population of the qualitative part included sports managers of Mashhad metropolis, managers of the fire department and safety services of Mashhad metropolis, professors of sports management and experts in the concepts of human capital productivity. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all the employees of the fire department and safety services of Mashhad metropolis. The method of data analysis was used in the qualitative part, foundational data theory and to provide a quantitative model of structural equation modeling with SmartPLS version 3 software.

The findings showed that the effective factors on the development of human capital productivity through sports activities include 47 open codes in the form of 9 concepts and two categories of professional factors and motivational-support factors. Also, the findings of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the identified items and components explain the effective factors on the development of the productivity of the human capital of the fire department and safety services through sports activities in the metropolis of Mashhad, and the conceptual model of the department Quality confirmed.

The productivity of human resources in the fire department and safety services through sports activities depends on many factors and components. Take action and in the next step, in-service training should be done continuously by the best trainers of Iran.

Being responsible and having responsible behavior is the goal of many teachers who try to make students achieve this important thing to witness responsible students in the future. Considering the importance of this issue, especially in the field of physical education, the present study aimed to validate the Student’s Responsibility in Physical Education Scale (SRIPES).

Firstly, the Student’s Responsibility in Physical Education Scale was translated into the Persian language to calculate its validity and reliability and report the construct validity. In the implementation stage, the distribution of questionnaires was done in two stages; In the first stage, questionnaires were given to the students to analyze the exploratory factor, and in the second stage, the questionnaires were given to the students to analyze the confirmatory factor and convergent validity. In this research, 400 students (250 girls and 150 boys) were selected among 500 fifth and sixth-grade boys and girls students, using a convenient sampling method.

"Effort", "following class rules" and "self-management" had the greatest effect on the responsible behavior construct. The reliability of the research was also evaluated as 0.7, which was favorable.

Six factors were identified in the exploratory factor analysis. Items 1, 7, 13, 9 belong to the “Effort” factor, items 2, 8, 14, 20 belong to the “Self-directed” factor, items 3, 9, 21, 25 belong to “following the class rules” factor, items 4, 10, 16, 22, 15 belong to “Respect others” factor, items 5, 11, 17, 23, 26 belong to “Help others”, and items 6, 12, 18, 24 belong to “Cooperation (participation)” factor. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed this six-factor model. Using this tool, it is possible to check responsibility in boys and girls students.

The aim of the psychometric research was to assess the communication literacy questionnaire among physical education students at Payame Noor University. The research was conducted using a descriptive-survey method, with a developmental objective, and in a field setting. The statistical population consisted of undergraduate physical education students at Payame Noor University (99-98), and a sample of 250 individuals completed the research tool in a non-random accessible manner. A researcher-made questionnaire about the components and indicators of communication literacy was used to collect the data. The validity of the questionnaire structure was confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and its convergent and discriminant validity, as well as reliability, were assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and various fit indices (absolute, relative, and parsimonious). The findings indicated that communication literacy is measurable through three constructs: "sensory, specialized, and relational levels." The sensory construct is measurable with five skill indicators: "observation, listening, smelling, tasting, and touching." The specialized construct is assessable with fifteen skills: "speaking, writing, body language, reading, working with communication technologies, intercultural literacy, advertising literacy, civic literacy, organizational communication, public relations, international relations, emotional intelligence, financial, commercial, and communication research." The relational level construct is also measurable with five communication skill indicators: "intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and transpersonal." Ultimately, it can be concluded that the communication literacy questionnaire is an effective tool for assessing the communication levels of undergraduate physical education students, considering the group nature of the physical education field. With the necessary training, it can lead to improving and developing the understanding and comprehension of various communication methods within the targeted community.

Life skills can be considered as a set of abilities that provide the ground for adaptation and positive and useful behavior. Therefore, due to the importance of addressing an important issue such as life skills in sports, the present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the coaching life skills questionnaire in order to standardize this tool in the country. The present study is one of the applied researches and tool development which was field-based in terms of data collection and non-experimental in terms of controlling variables. For this purpose, 370 sports coaches in Tehran were randomly selected (available) and completed a questionnaire. After the translation-re-translation technique and confirmation of the face validity of the questionnaire by three experts, the initial review of the questionnaire was performed to eliminate minor problems. Confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation model, internal consistency of the questionnaire, Bernbach's alpha coefficient and correlation coefficient using test-retest were used to determine the validity of the factor structure of the questionnaire. The results showed that the coaching life skills questionnaire in sports was approved. The questionnaire also had the indicators of absolute fitness, internal consistency and acceptable stability, which indicated good validity and reliability. The results showed that the selected references for measuring the components of coaching life skills in sports have the necessary validity and can well assess the life skills of coaching in sports..

Social media marketing involves an effort that social media use it in order to convince consumers for use the valuable products and/ or services. The research is to identify the effective factors on development of sport marketing capability through social Medias. The research method was correlation and practical purposely. The statistical population was 200 people, including faculty members of the country’s universities (51) and sport managers (34) and experts (74) and members of the board of directors of sports federations and experts (9) and people aware about sports marketing affairs and discussions (32). The sampling method is non-random and targeted accessible. Researcher while reviewing sports marketing books and scientific articles in the field of sport industry and sport marketing and social media prepared a researcher questionnaire. The questionnaire factors were extracted from the article of Alaa Allah, Nripendra etal. (2017). The validity was confirmed by ten sport management professors. The reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha test. The statistical method was used in structural equations modeling research (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings showed that advertising (T=10/546) agents, electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) (T=9/523), customer relationship management (T=9/313) and brand (T=10/372) and customer behavior and anticipation (T=9/678) in sports marketing through social media are of a positive and significant impact on the development of sports marketing capability. It seems sport organization and federations need to talk about self-sufficiency and more monetizing in order to development of their marketing capability by new technology.

The purpose of this study was to construct and validate the e-readiness questionnaire in sports and youth departments in East – Azerbaijan. To achieve this goal, scientific documents and various articles of 15 experts and university professors in the field of e-readiness of questionnaire were reviewed and 65 items were obtained. Then by reconsidering the opinion of experienced professors the questionnaire was reduced to 58 items. After exammining the qualitative stages, the questionnaire was administered among 162 employees of sports and youth departments of East –Azerbaijan. After going through qualitative and quantitative stages, the final questionnaire was designed with 53 items and seven factors. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on e-readiness questionnaire and fitting model, regarding square root error variance of 0.068, was obtained which was an indication of suitability of fitness model. The reliability of the questionnaire on the basis of Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient of 0.86 was obtained which indicated that the reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable. According to the result of the research, factors of e-readiness on the basis of their significance are as following: management, human forces, politics, technology, organization, e-business environment readiness, environment. The designed questionnaire in this study can be a suitable tool for evaluating the e-readiness in sports organizations.

The aim of this study was to validation of the Persian version of the scale of enjoyment of physical activity in first grade high school students in Khuzestan province.

Among all of high school students in Khuzestan province who were studying in the academic year 1399-1398, 382 were clustered randomly selected (199 boys and 183 girls). The research tool was the scale of enjoyment of physical activity, the validity and reliability of which were also confirmed. The implementation method was such that using the open translation method, the translation accuracy of the Persian version of the scale was confirmed. For data analysis, confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the structure and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha coefficient at a significance level of p≤0.05.

The results of confirmatory factor analysis of physical activity enjoyment scale indicators indicate that the measurement model has a favorable fit and all physical fitness subscales of physical activity enjoyment index had an acceptable factor load and were confirmed. The internal consistency was 0.90 and the internal consistency of the pleasure subscale was 0.82%, communication was 0.78%, competency was 0.72%, improvement was 0.70% and entertainment was 0.74%. It came in handy.

Therefore, the Persian version of the scale of enjoyment of physical activity had structural validity and internal reliability and can be used as a valid and stable tool among students.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Trait Emotional Intelligence- Adolescent Short Form (TEI-ASF, Petrides, Sangareau, Furnham & Frederickson, 2006) among Iranian gifted adolescents. In this correlational study, 347 gifted adolescents (148 male and 199 female) completed the Trait Emotional Intelligence- Adolescent Short Form (TEI-ASF) and the Adolescent Resilience Scale (ARS, Oshio, Nakaya, Kaneko & Nagamine, 2002). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to determine the TEI-ASF's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the TEI-ASF, correlations between different dimensions of TEI-ASF with scales of adolescent’s resilience was calculated. The results of confirmatory factor analysis based on AMOS software showed that 4-factor structure of the well-being, sociability, self-control and emotionality in the Iranian sample had good fit with data. Correlational analyses between different dimensions of TEI-ASF with scales of adolescent’s resilience provided initial evidence for the TEI-ASF convergent validity. Internal consistency for the well-being, sociability, self-control and emotionality subscales was 0/82, 0/73, 0/73 & 0/70 respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the TEI-ASF as an instrument for measuring Trait Emotional Intelligence among Iranian gifted adolescents.

Regular physical activity is beneficial for the physical, mental, and social aspects of adolescents' health. Valid and reliable tools are needed to measure adolescents' commitment to physical activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of Persian version of the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents.

The statistical sample consisted of female students of Arak city who were selected by available sampling method. Participants completed the demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents (Robbins et al., 2016). Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha.

The results showed that the goodness of fit index and comparative fit index were higher than (0.90). Also, the results showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient for Commitment to Physical Activity Scale and its dimensions was above 0.7 (the value of acceptable index).

In general, the results showed that the Persian version of the the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale in Iranian adolescents had acceptable validity and reliability. Therefore, this questionnaire can be used for educational and research purposes.

Scholars believe that if a society encourages its people to do physical exercise, in fact, it has contributed to its own self-esteem and physical and spiritual health as well .The aim of the present study was to investigate validity and reliability of Persian version of Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-6). This was a descriptive- correlational research whose statistical population consisted of all students of Tehran University included 241 students (132 men and 109 women) with 18 to 30 years old. The measurement tool of the research was Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-6) included six subscales and 24 questionnaires. This scale follows Self-Determination Theory that in one spectrum from amotivation to intrinsic motivation determines the type of sport motivation of a person which includes the following subscales namely amotivation, extrinsic regulation, identified regulation, self-determined regulation, mixed regulation, and intrinsic regulation. Test-retest method was applied in order to calculate the stability and Cronbach’s Alpha was used for determining internal consistency, and for establishing the validity and reliability of the construct, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, exploratory Factor Analysis and Pearson correlation test were applied, respectively. The result showed that Persian version of sport motivation scale provided support structure of original form and validity and reliability were confirmed. According to results, Persian version of Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-6) has acceptable validity and reliability and suggested to evaluate motivation in sport settings. In fact people motivational factors can be indicated by researchers to find best way for increasing rate of participation in physical activity settings.

When planning for development that is ultimately beneficial to communities, issues of physical education teachers are ignore. The researches has long recognized the importance of teachers to student achievement. But traditional methods of evaluating teacher’s performance have not been able to identify the factors that could enhanced the job performance. The purpose of this study is to construct and validate the job performance instrument of physical education teachers in Zanjan Provience. In order to identify factors affecting job performance in each context, initially a questionnaire was developed on the basis of the existing literature in addition to specialist and academic opinions, and once constructed, the validity and reliability of the test was checked. The main factors were then identified. The modified questionnaire was then given to 300 members of the sample population within Zanjan Provience, whom themselves had been selected through a proportional stratified sampling in order to evaluate its validity and reliability. The finalized instrument consisting of 7 elements and 47 items was developed and finalized. The instrument devised is a suitable and reliable tool to identify the factors job performance in physical education teachers of Zanjan Province. Education practitioners can use this standard tool to measure the job performance of physical education teachers to develop strategies for teaching effectiveness.

Spectator-based sports team reputation can have positive direct and indirect impacts on stakeholders’ behavior. In this regard, researchers are also seeking for a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate this kind of reputation. Therefore, the validity and the reliability of the Spectator-Based Sports Team Reputation Scale (Jang et al., 2015) in Persian were determined in this study. The given scale consists of team performance, team tradition, team social responsibility, spectator orientation, management quality and financial soundness of teams. After obtaining permission from the developer of the scale, content validity and face validity were confirmed by a group of experts. The questionnaire was also translated based on a three-step approach. To determine the reliability of the given scale, a pilot study was carried out on 45 participants in the present study (university students). To assess the construct validity of the given scale, a sample of 219 students with experiences of watching the games of Esteghlal and Persepolis closely were selected. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis technique and the LISREL Software were employed to assess the construct validity of the scale. The findings showed that the agents selected to measure the components of sports team reputation were endowed with the required reliability and they could measure the construct very well (RMSEA≤0.05). Considering these results, it was argued that the adapted Spectator-Based Sports Team Reputation Scale could be applied as a reliable and valid questionnaire for Iranian sport teams.

The purpose of this study was to Psychometrics of the Qasemi's Seven-Module Communication Skills Questionnaire with the physical education students of Payam-e-Noor University. As a field study aiming at research development, we used the descriptive-survey methodology. The statistical population consisted of the undergraduate physical education students of Payam-e-Noor University of Iran (2016-17) (N=1150). Based on the Krejcie and Morgan's sample size determination table, the required sample size was determined to be 290 individuals, where finally considering the likelihood of dropouts, 300 accessible individuals were non-randomly selected as the sample to complete the research instrument. A researcher-made seven-module communication skills questionnaire was used for data collection. After confirmation of the face and content validity of the questionnaire, the construct validity was assessed through a confirmatory factor analysis. In this study, observation was identified as the seventh skill in a set of communication skills including speaking, listening, reading, body language, use of modern and daily communication tools, and writing skills. Based on the Goodness of Fit Indices (GFI) of 0. 909 and the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) of 0. 921, the model has a good fit. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the writing skill had the highest priority with 0. 782 and the listening skill had the lowest priority with 0. 384 among the seven communication skills. Finally, it is recommended that the validity of this questionnaire also be examined in other communities to warrant a wider application.

The purpose of this study was to construct and determine the factor structure and reliability of neuromarketing questionnaire in sport club services in the northwest of the country in 1397. To achieve this goal, scientific documentation, multiple essays, 7 neurosciences and 9 marketing experts, by the use of snow bullet in the field of neuromarketing 87 questions were found. Then, with a survey of experienced professors in the field of marketing the questionnaire lessens to 42 questions. After that, the questionnaire for analyzing exploratory factor was distributed among 620 people who utilized the sporting services of the team clubs in the centers of 4 provinces of Western Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Ardebil and Kurdistan in the summer 1397-98. Then the final questionnaire was distributed among 620 of statistical sample by using of Relative random clustering method for analyzing confirmatory factor. Having passed through qualitative and quantity stages, the final questionnaire containing 37 questions with 6 factors named; positioning, stimulating emotions, the role of all senses, visiting sense, communication and advantages were designed. The confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the neuromarketing questionnaire and showed the model fitted to the root estimate of the variance was estimated to be 0.68, which indicates that the fit of the model is appropriate. This research led to the development of appropriate tools in sports services. In order to assess the increase in sales of sports services, a reliable questionnaire should be used.

This study aimed to construct and validate a tool to evaluate the perception of political behavior is done.The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth;whose number is 1171 people.In order to estimate the sample size, a sample size was used. Accordingto this, the sample size was estimated at 530 peoplepatients was assessed on the same basis.It is worth noting that this research is descriptive and is a type of correlation study. The face and content validity of the research tool was verified by a group of professors and its construct validity through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation model. For data analysis software Spss, Spss Sample Powerand Amos were used.The results showed that the result of Bartlett's sprite test was at a significant level (Sig = 0.001), which means that the variables are sufficiently correlated to provide a reasonable basis for exploratory factor analysis. The results of model parameters measurements showed that the questionnaire perceived organizational politics is desirable. Finally, the fitting results of the structural model indicate that all components of "general political behaviors, success through cooperation, payment and promotion policies" confirm fit of the model. In general, the results of the research indicate that using the perceptions of political behaviors can be used to measure the characteristics of political behaviors in the Ministry of Sport and other sports organizations. Using this questionnaire can pave the way for many studies in which measurement of perceptions of political behaviors will be of great importance.

Advertising impact assessment is one of the important parts of advertising plan. In this regard, advertising through sport need a standard and specific tool. The aim of this study was design a questionnaire advertising effectiveness through sport based on AIDA model and then to determine validity and reliability of it. The opinions of expert`s group used to determine the content and face validity of questionnaire. Also to determine the construct validity and reliability, first, among the present spectators in Azadi Stadium, 45 people in the pilot study and 366 people participated in the main study. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) show the confirmation of construct validity of Measurement tool and the results of internal consistency with using Cronbach's alpha (α =0.84) and composite reliability (CR= 0.91) was acceptable. This tool can clearify impact challenges of successful advertisement by evaluating 4 concesctive steps of evaluation of advertisement effectiveness model (AIDA model). This tool have ability to assessment of advertisement through sport effectiveness and it can be use by corporate that have advertisement through sport for their product and marketing and advertising researchers.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Teacher Efficacy for Moral Education Scale (TEMES) among Iranian teachers. In this correlation study, 200 teachers (100 male, 100 female) completed the TEMES and the Short Character Strength Measure (SCSM). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to compute the TEMES's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the Teacher Efficacy for Moral Education Scale, we computed correlation between different dimensions of TEMES with different character strengths. The results of confirmatory factor analysis, based AMOS software, indicated that multidimensional structure of the TEMES consisted teacher positivity and teacher instructional practices had acceptable fit to data in the teacher’s sample. Correlation analyses between different dimensions of TEMES with character strengths (wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance and transcendence) provided initial evidence for the TEMES construct validity. Internal consistencies for the scales measuring teacher positivity and teacher instructional practices were 0/80 and 0/81, respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the TEMES as an instrument to measure teachers’ personal self-efficacy for fostering moral character in the classroom among Iranian teacher’s sample.

The development of relationship marketing tactics may increase the profitability of sports industry. The researchers look for a valid and reliable tool to evaluate this tactic. However, this study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of Kim’s Sport Customers’ Relationship Marketing Questionnaire (2008) which consists of 28 questions. This questionnaire consists of trust, commitment, relationship satisfaction, self-connection, intimacy, loving team, and reciprocity components. After obtaining permission from owner of questionnaire, its content and face validity was investigated and confirmed by seven experts. This questionnaire was translated in the study of Hasani Zade (2012) by three-step approach. To determine the reliability, a pilot study was conducted on spectators of Esteghlal- Naft Tehran game in Azadi Stadium; the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all components and questions was more than 0.70. To evaluate the validity of questionnaire, a sample consisted of 430 spectators who participated to watch the games of Sepahan in Foolad Shahr Stadium were selected randomly. The confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the construct validity. The outputs of LISREL software indicated that the selected items for measuring components of relationship marketing were valid and may evaluate well the relationship marketing of spectators. Given these findings, it can be said that adapted scale of sports spectators’ relationship marketing may be used as reliable and valid scale among football spectators.