جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « structural equations » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

The purpose of the present research work was to develop a model of organizational virtue based on professional ethics and organizational justice of the employees of sports and youth departments in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province.

The current research work was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection; it was field and correlation type. The statistical population of the research work included all employees of sports and youth departments of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Provincs (161 people). The statistical sample is selected as a total number and equal to the statistical population. The research tools included Niehoff and Moorman (2006) organizational justice questionnaires, Kirsten et al.'s professional ethics (2011), and Cameron et al.'s (2004) organizational virtue questionnaires. In this research work, content and construct validity were used to determine the validity of the questionnaires. Also in order to measure reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability were used, the findings of which indicated the reliability and validity of the measuring tool (Cronbach's alpha was 0.9 for organizational justice, 0.86 for professional ethics, 0.87 for organizational virtue, and 0.88 overall). Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

The research results showed that the proposed research model has a good fit. There is a direct and meaningful relationship between justice and organizational virtue, and almost 60% of this relationship is explained through the mediating variable of professional ethics of employees.

According to the findings, it is concluded that organizational justice through increasing professional ethics will lead to the development of organizational virtue, and in order to increase organizational virtue, managers should pay special attention to strengthening professional ethics and organizational justice.

The concept of brand personality has become one of the most popular issues related to professional sports. The purpose of this research is to develop and maintain a scale and present a model for the brand of international sporting events. The statistical sample was 527 volunteers who participated in the study. The measuring instrument consisted of a 25-item questionnaire based on the Acker Brand Personality Questionnaire (1997) in 5 dimensions (sincerity, competence, ruggedness, excitement & sophistication), which was evaluated using the five-point Likert scale scoring method. In order to determine the factual and content validity, the points of seven sports marketing experts were used. To determine the validity of the tool structure, a confirmatory factor analysis method was used using Amos software. The instrumental validity analysis of the tool showed that the questionnaire items have an appropriate factor. The results showed that the model indices have good fit and the coefficients of reliability of Cronbach's alpha and the five-dimensional character of the combination are acceptable. According to the approved instrument, future researchers can use the tool to determine promotional strategies are currently sporting events and brand development strategies benefit.

The aim of this study was to prioritize the effective factors in the marketing of sports products. The present study was a mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included marketing experts and sports management professors who had articles or writings in the field of research, and in the quantitative section were consumers of sports products. Statistical sample was selected in the qualitative section of 11 experts until the theoretical saturation was reached using theoretical targeted techniques and snowballs. In the quantitative section, between 5 and 10 samples were required for each item, so 308 samples. Formed statistics. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The reliability of the interviews was 0.85 by intra-subject agreement study. Content validity in terms of experts and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) was used. Finally, six factors, namely business ethics, creativity and innovation, citizenship rights, utilitarianism, surprise advertising, and rules and regulations, influence the marketing of sports products. Therefore, novelty and attractive design in advertising, non-social discrimination, attention to citizenship obligations, creating and strengthening social norms, sustainability of advertising, increasing the desire to share advertising in the audience, cultural utilitarianism are suggested.

One of the marketing communications strategies for promoting a brand is sport celebrities' endorsement, however, sponsors are always concerned of experiencing doping related consequences for their brands and products due to the consumers' believes and beliefs on the endorsed product which may be changed by those consequences. The main purpose of the present research was to modeling the consequences of endorser’s doping scandal in sport marketing. 56 items were used and 224 men and women students of bachelor program of physical education and sport sciences of the Iranian universities participated in measuring the research variables and model the causal relations. The research data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of SEM showed acceptable model fit indexes and significant relationships between variables. Results also revealed that reasoning strategy of moral rationalization has a moderating effect on the relationship between moral emotions and attitude change toward doped athlete. Finally, regarding to the personal differences as cultural, social, personality and livelihood, the manner of responding to the questionnaire can be consider as a research limitation. However, moral emotions negative dimensions (Contempt, Anger, Disgust) were analyzed as significant variables in predicting consumer’s behavior and attitude in the current research, other positive dimensions (Gratitude, Awe, Admiration) should be explored in the future studies.

The purpose of this study is to design a model for the development of NAJA championship sports. The research method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population was in the qualitative part of professors and faculty members of sports management, managers and experts of NAJA championship sports and in a small part included managers, coaches and athletes of NAJA sports. Statistical sample in the qualitative part of 10 members of the qualitative community, purposefully and in the quantitative part for each question a questionnaire between 5 to 10 people was needed, 324 people were considered by the available method. The measurement tool of this research was a researcher-made questionnaire developed by NAJA Championship Sports. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the initial questionnaire and to fit the model, structural equation path analysis was used using SPSS software version 20 and PLS version 2. The results of structural equation modeling showed that political, social, economic, educational, environmental, social and technology perspectives are effective in the development of NAJA championship sports. The results of the research can be useful for managers and decision makers in NAJA championship sports to achieve success.

The purpose of this study was to present the management model of Iranian basketball club fans. The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative. The research approach was mixed (qualitative-quantitative) by exploratory method. In the quantitative section also included managers of the basketball federation, sports management specialists, coaches and players of the Premier League, fans of Iranian basketball clubs. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 members of the qualitative community to achieve theoretical saturation, and in the quantitative section, considering that between 5 and 10 samples are required for each question, 428 people were selected as the sample size. The stratified sampling method was considered: the measurement tool of the research in the qualitative part included a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part of the questionnaire was 63 questions taken from the interview.Exploratory factor analysis was used to psychometric the research structures. The validity of the structure and the confirmation of the factors identified in the previous stage (exploratory factor analysis), the factors were used using the confirmatory factor analysis test by partial squares method. The model fit index was reported to be GOF = 0.42 and the Nash results He said that 9 factors of welfare facilities, fan center, safety and security, cultural and social, information technology, design and attractiveness of the stadium space, marketing, public relations, evaluation affect the management of fans of Iranian basketball clubs.

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors of fan development in the Iranian Football Premier League and to present a model. The research method was a qualitative-quantitative mix with the exploratory approach and the statistical community included experts in the qualitative section and spectators in the Premier League stadiums in the 98-99 season. 15 people in the qualitative section and 400 people in the quantitative section formed the statistical sample by the accessible method. The data collection tool in the qualitative part of the interview was semi-structured and the results of this interview were used in the form of a questionnaire with 13 main factors in the quantitative part. In this study, SPS software version 23 and PLS version 2 were used for content validity from the point of view of experts and structural validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and modeling of structural-equations. Model fit index was reported to be 0.65 GOF = and the research results confirmed the final model in 13 factors. These factors are the interaction of staff and fans, distribution channel, fan management, public relations, recruitment program, quality and process, promotion, product, market power, location and facilities, incentives, law enforcement and pricing vote the most to the least impact. They have the support of developing fans in the Iranian Football Premier League. It is necessary to invest and pay attention to these areas.

The purpose of this study is modeling the relationship between organizational intelligence and innovation in volleyball federation considering organizational culture as an intermediary variable. This research is applied, and The methods used is descriptive and Correlation analysis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all full-time employees and managers of valiball federation, in Iran. The number of them included 92 people. However, only 72 completed questionnaires. The instruments for collecting questionnaires in this research were Karl Albarecht's Organizational Intelligence Questionnaire, Hofstede's Organizational Culture Questionnaire (MHM), and a researcher-made Innovation Questionnaire, and a combination of Jimens-Jimens and others (2008), Pennyards (2006), Pegrague and Sohell (2006). Validity and reliability of these questionnaires were investigated using common methods. In order to test the hypotheses, structural equation method (Smart PLS software) was used. The results of this study showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational intelligence and innovation in the volleyball federation. Also, the relationship between organizational intelligence and organizational culture as well as the relationship between organizational culture and innovation is positive and significant.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of service brand elements on loyalty of football premier league fans and also the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of the Iran football premier league fans. 384 subjects were selected using the Cochran formula by purposive convenience sampling method. Krystallis and Chrysochou service brand questionnaire (2014) and the brand equity questionnaire of Aaker (1998) were used to collect data. The face and content validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by sport management professors. In order to analyze the data, Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the internal consistency, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine the construct validity and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the model. The findings indicated internal consistency (α=0.92) for the service brand loyalty questionnaire. Regarding the construct validity, based on the amount of relationships and T-value, all items had a significant relationship with the components and were good predictors of their components.  Also, the t-test confirmed the fit of the model. As a result, the internal and external validity of the service brand loyalty model was confirmed. Finally, it can be said that the service brand loyalty questionnaire in sport is a valid and reliable measure which can be used to assess service brand loyalty among fans, and to gain consistent results. It is suggested that sport marketing managers should pay enough attention to the effectiveness of each of these variables in order to increase fans’ loyalty.

The competencies and skills of teachers play an essential role in their efficiency and in achieving the goals of the education system. The lack of a model of the necessary professional qualifications of physical education teachers in Iran has led the researcher to design a model for the professional competencies of physical education teachers in Iran. This research was carried out using a mixed research method. In the qualitative stage, 21 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 physical education experts in the schools, the data were analyzed by Grounded theory method, 53 items in eleven components (specialized training, personal characteristics, interest, attention to differences, knowledge and skills, creativity, modeling, communication, guidance and safety), and four dimensions (behavioral competence, Emotional, cognitive, and skillful) was the result of that. Based on the findings from the first part of the study, the professional competence questionnaire of teachers was designed and tested. The statistical population was a quantitative part of the research of teachers and physical education experts working in the Ministry of Education. The sample size of the study, eight samples for each item and a total of 400 samples were determined. Statistical methods, exploratory factor analysis and structural equations were used for analysis Data. The results confirmed the exploratory factor analysis of four dimensions and expanded the results by adding the educational dimension. Also, fitness fitting indicators were fitted by structural equations, which showed that the proposed model has good fitness.

The aim of this study was to design a relationship model for trust in the coach and the dimensions of teamwork process in the first division league of Iran football clubs. The research method was descriptive-survey based on structural equation modeling that was conducted as a field experiment. The statistical population included all players of Iran football first division league in 2016 (N=450). 200 subjects were selected as the sample of the study by convenience sampling method. To measure the variables of the study, two standard questionnaires (leadership trust by Senjaya and Pekerti (2010), and a researcher-made teamwork questionnaire) were used. In order to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. The coefficients for the questionnaires of trust in coach and teamwork were 0.84 and 0.94 respectively. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling) were used. The results showed that the trust in coach variable had a direct and significant effect on teamwork (impact factor: 0.73). The findings indicated the important role of trust in coach variable in teamwork; therefore, trust as a positive and rational relationship should emerge between athletes and coaches.

This work was conducted to investigate the mediator role of organizational health in the relationship between the professional ethics and organizational virtue of the employees of the sports and youth departments of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province.

In terms of purpose, this research work was an applied one. In terms of collecting information, it was a field and correlation one. The statistical population of the work included all the employees of sport and youth service departments of the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (161 people). The statistical sample was selected as the total number, and was equal to the statistical population. The research instrument included the organizational health questionnaire (Hui et al., 1996), professional ethics (Kirsten et al., 2011), and organizational virtue (Cameron et al., 2004). The validity and reliability of the research instrument were confirmed. The descriptive statistics and structural equation modelings were used to analyze the data.

The results of the structural equations showed that the professional ethics and organizational health predicted 65.5% and 54.6% of the organizational virtue variance, respectively. It was also shown that the indirect effect of professional ethics on organizational virtue was 36.9%, which was determined by the organizational health mediator variable. The fitting indices of the overall research model confirmed the desirable fitness of this model.

According to the outcomes of this research work, the organization planning can be applied to improve the professional ethics using the organizational health indicators that affect the organizational virtue. As a result, the organization virtue will be achieved based on the principals of professional ethics at the individual and organizational levels

For many years, the performance evaluation of Islamshahr physical education teachers had been introduced as one of the most important factors for success in the fields of education and training. The aim of this study was to dimension determination, provide scale and modelingthe performance evaluation factors of the physical education teachers. This was performed to Mixed method as qualitative and Quantitative by descriptive survey way. The population sample consisted of 120 physical education teachers who were in Islamshahr of Tehran. Research tool builds questionnaire with 30 closed questions were answered. A structured questionnaire survey instrument had 39 items. Cronbach's alpha reliability test for 0.942 technical ability, communication skills 0.913, and leadership skills 0.919, special skills 0.691 and discipline 0.791, respectively. The path analysis equations model show that the technical skills of teachers have affected on the other skills. Also, leadership skills have affected on communication skills and communication skills, in turnhave affected on the special skills of teachers. The obtained numerical scale can be used to evaluate the performance of teachers of physical education in schools.

The aim of present study was to determine communicative model of emotional intelligence, physical-social anxiety and life satisfaction among physical education students in Technical and Vocational University of Al-Zahra of Mashhad. According to the research objectives, the sampling way was total- computation and all the research population were selected as sample-270 students of Technical and Vocational University of Al-Zahra of Mashhad. The data gathered through emotional intelligence scale (Schutte et al. 1998), physical-social anxiety inventory (Hart et al. 1989) and satisfaction with life scale (Deiner et al. 1985). Then, structural equation model used to consider cause and effect relationship between variables. The results showed that emotional intelligence imposed positive and significant effect on life satisfaction. Also, emotional intelligence imposed negative effects on psychical-social anxiety and psychical-social anxiety made negative effect on life satisfaction. Finally, it is claimed that emotional intelligence had positive and significant effect on life satisfaction through physical-social anxiety. In general, it seems that university life involves numerous complex anxieties and the ability to deal with these anxieties through acquiring emotional capabilities lead to physical, emotional, and mental health of students promotion.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quality of work life and organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior of employees of Sport and Youth general office and offices of Ilam province. Walton (1973) Quality of Work Life Questionnaire, Kim and Lung (2007) Organizational Justice Questionnaire, and Mackenzie et al. (1993) Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire were used. Statistical population of the study consisted of the employees of Sport and Youth general office and offices of Ilam province. 103 subjects were selected as the statistical sample. According to the results, reliability and diagnostic validity of the instruments were acceptable. To identify the effects of research variables, Structural Equation Modeling was used by Smart PLS software. The Findings showed that quality of work life had a significant and positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior, but the effect of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior was not significant. Also, results showed that these two variables explained %19 of variation of organizational citizenship behavior. According to the results, it is suggested that organizations encourage and educate the employees in order to growth and improve citizenship behaviors and to develop necessary skills in this area by an improvement in quality of work life programs.

The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting entrepreneurial alumni structural equation Payame Noor Physical Education. Therefore, each of the psychological characteristics, management and organization, education, environmental and demographic questionnaires was reviewed by the Alumni Association. Analytic method using multiple regression analysis and path analysis is to test the research hypotheses and test a conceptual model of structural equation modeling and LISREL software to build and run the equations used. All MA degree in physical education from 2006 to 2012 PNU was considered as population, 203 people who were selected by stratified random sampling. The results showed that the effect of managerial characteristics and organizational skills, entrepreneurship graduates have standard ratio of 0.8 and priority and psychological characteristics, education, demographic and environmental priorities are next. According to the research findings will be concluded Organizational and administrative structure of the country must be designed the exchange of innovative ideas in the simplest and lowest cost and time consuming to perform and Concepts and principles of management and organization that could teach students to become clearer and more practical manner.

The aim of this study was to validate and localize Lawson’s (2002) knowledge management and Winand et al. (2009) performance models and to determine their effects and relationships in Iran sports federations. This study was a descriptive-correlation research. The population included presidents، vice presidents، general secretaries، committee managers and experts in all sports federations of Iran. The sample consisted of 300 subjects who were selected with stratified and purpose sampling method. To collect data، Lawson’s (2002) KM Questionnaire and Winand et al. (2009) Performance questionnaire were used. For data analysis، Pearson correlation coefficient test and structural equation modeling were applied. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the experts using confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability of KM questionnaire was 0. 93 and performance questionnaire was 0. 85. Results showed that the model of the relationship between KM and performance had a good fit index (P=0. 036، RMSEA=0. 037، GFI=0. 97). The results indicated that KM and its dimensions had a significant and positive effect on the performance of sports federations. KM was able to predict 55% of performance variation. Sports federations can use the results of the present study to understand KM practices better and to measure performance level.

The aim of this research was to study the effects of communication skills on management skills of Iran sport managers. The research was descriptive and conducted through a survey. The population included 700 sports managers of Iran sport organizations and the sample was selected by stratified random sampling method. The data were collected by Barton J communication skills and management skills questionnaires with reliabilities of 0.81, 0.88 respectively. Inferential statistical methods and structural equation model (SEM) were utilized in order to investigate the effects of observed variables on latent variables. The results showed a significant difference in management skills among sport managers of different domains and also between male and female sport managers. Also, according to the results of structural equation modeling, communicational skills influenced management skills as 0.89 which showed the effectiveness of fundamental communication skills on achieving and improving the triple management skills. Hence, the results of the conceptual models confirmed the route analysis of communication skills and management skills.