جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "physical quality" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Currently, more than 56% of the world's people (4.4 billion people) live in urban areas, this majority is facing many economic problems in cities. One of the consequences of the lack of proper economic planning in cities is the creation of informal employment in cities. Hawking is one of the false and informal jobs that have arisen with the expansion of urbanization and the increase in the attractions of urbanization. In this theoretical research, by studying the records of research in the field of informal occupation and economy and city market, a connection has been established between peddling and environmental and physical quality of urban livability. In this research, information and materials were prepared through library studies, and the main method of research is combining theories in the field of economics, and concepts such as livability, environmental and physical quality, and informal jobs, especially peddling. One of the main results of this research is the unequivocal negative impact of informal businesses, especially peddling, on the physical and environmental quality of urban livability. In order to reduce this negative impact, moving towards cooperative views in the market is one of the appropriate treatment methods for cities.

The present study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting improving the quality of urban housing. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the research was the residents of 8 residential complexes of Atabak neighborhood in District 15 of Tehran. Based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires were distributed among residents. Finally, 380 complete and error-free questionnaires were collected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was verified in the form of face and face validity, as well as divergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Analysis of data and information was done using SPSS and PLS software. The findings of this research showed physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368, the variable of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339, the variable of housing social conditions with a path coefficient of 0.169, and environmental quality with a path coefficient of 0.302 has a positive and significant impact on housing quality. According to the path coefficient obtained for the research variables, the amount of their impact on housing quality is evaluated as average. Among the identified factors, the factor of physical quality with a path coefficient of 0.368 has the most significant impact, and the factor of access to urban services with a path coefficient of 0.339 is ranked second. Also, this factor has a positive and significant effect on the physical quality factor of housing.

One of the most effective and attractive points of any city is its entrance, The entrance of the city is a space that enables the connection of the space outside the city limits with its interior, it is a joint that announces the entry into a distinct space and is a sign that expresses the existence of the city. In fact, the entry points of cities are conduits on the ground that provides the possibility of entering the city through motor vehicles. Today, the entrance of contemporary cities, separated from the city structure and the way urban spaces are arranged, has become the dead tissue of the city and has distanced itself from its systematic structure in the old cities. The entrances, which represent and summarize the heart of the cities, are considered the most important inducing elements of the whole subject as the most authentic factor of identity and the most influential subject on the mental perception of those who enter. Mainly, the length of the main entrance axis of the city connects with the main centers of work and activity and the main communication network and plays a role in the spatial organization of all types of urban uses. This area can play a role in guiding the physical expansion of the city and finally in its physical structure as an effective variable. Therefore, the arrangement of the entrance points of the city is of special importance in urban planning. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to evaluate the physical and functional quality of the entry points of Maragheh city.

The type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. Library, documentary and field studies have been used to collect data. In order to examine the opinions of the experts, a 5-point Likert scale was used (1 means very unfavorable, 2 unfavorable, 3 average, 4 favorable and 5 very favorable) questionnaires with a total of 80 items (40 questionnaires from South-western entrance and 40 questionnaires from the south-eastern entrance of Maragheh city) were randomly completed by specialists and urban experts (professors of the department of geography and urban planning, experts of municipality, governorate and road and urban planning). Cronbach's alpha test will also be used for the reliability of the questionnaire. Sample t-test and step-by-step regression were used to analyze the data.

To check the quality of the entry points of Maragheh city, the physical quality component with the number of 13 items, the functional component with the number of 11 items, the aesthetic component with the number of 9 items and the identity representation component with the number of 10 items were used. Also, the average level of utility of the input source number 3 is considered. Based on the analysis, the highest average of the 13 physical components of the entry point of Maragheh city is related to the sub-criterion of physical separation of opposite routes (outbound and return) with an average of 2.89, and after that, the issue of two or three lane departure routes. And return at the entry points of Maragheh city with an average of 2.84 and in the next rank is easy access to the main routes of the city and important centers with an average of 2.83. Also, the lowest average obtained for the condition of sidewalks (existence of sidewalks, its width and whether they are paved) with an average of 2.25 and the width of crossing lanes (fast and slow) with an average of 2.33. The highest average was obtained among the functional items related to the component of easy access to car services (repair shop, car wash, etc.) with an average of 3.11 and after that, easy access to fuel stations with an average of 3.05, which is more than The average test standard has been placed, and the lowest average obtained is related to the component of the deployment of emergency medical teams with an average of 2.11 and the existence of tourism information centers and the quality of their services with an average of 2.34, which is at an unfavorable level. Among the items of the beauty component, the highest average obtained based on the opinions of experts is related to the criterion of the presence of vegetation at the entrances with an average of 2.73 and the beauty and lack of wear and tear of traffic signs with an average of 2.71 and the lowest average obtained For the criterion of artistic architectural signs and intimate spaces at the entrances, an average of 2.20 was obtained, and the criterion for pavement pavements was obtained with 2.24. The results obtained for the identity representation component show that among the items of the identity representation component, the highest average was obtained based on the experts' opinions regarding the suitability of the quantity and quality of vegetation with the city's climate in the entrances with an average of 2.85 and feeling Directing and inviting into the city with an average of 2.83.

The entry points of Maragheh city in all evaluated components were lower than the average, i.e. number 3. Especially, the southeast entrance was weaker than the southwest entrance. Therefore, managers and urban planners in Maragheh city should pay more attention to the entrance points of the city, especially the southeast entrance. Because the entry points of the cities should express the cultural and economic characteristics of the cities.

One of the most important challenges in contemporary cities is the identity crisis that is affected by the lack of sense of place, belonging to the place, and attachment to it. In this regard, new towns have been exposed to a lack of identity more than others due to less residential background. On the other hand, understanding and analyzing the effective factors of the sense of place in new towns have significant effects on solving the existing issues. For this reason, it is a must to study the current situation of new towns. So, this study aims to compare the sense of place among three new towns around Tehran, namely Pardis (phase 1), Parand (phase 2), and Andisheh (phase 3). The method of this qualitative study is descriptive-analytical based on documental studies and surveys. In this study, reviewing the literature shows that sense of place is a subjective concept that is derived from objective aspects. This sense depends on both individuals who percept it and the characteristics and situation of the place.  The data (based on respondents who were residents of case studies by sampling) were analyzed using the TOPSIS technique. The results show that the sense of place in phase 3 in Andisheh new town is more than that in the two others that is because of the higher quality of the physical and spatial environment and also adaptation to standards and principles of urbanism. So, improving the physical and spatial qualities in new towns in particular in the field of various activities (mix land use) that are responding to the daily needs of residents, high quality of infrastructures such as roads, facilities, and equipment, considering to order, harmony and human scale of the space during planning and designing, making the spaces attractive for increasing the presence and high-quality urban furniture can increase a sense of place that leads to identity in these areas.

The concept of quality of life, which has been considered by researchers and thinkers in some scientific fields in recent decades, has different dimensions and represents the level of enjoyment and benefit from the material tools of individual and social well-being and also people's abilities in the scientific and social fields. Nowadays, quality of life as a key element in policy making and public policy review is discussed. The aim of this study is to analyze the quality of life in the villages of Anzali city with emphasis on physical indicators. In order to analyze the issue have been used the general population and housing census data of 2016 as well as field studies in the form of interviews, observations and completion of the questionnaire. Anzali city has 25 villages. The physical quality of all villages was examined using eight indicators and using the TOPSIS model, and the villages were ranked based on the continuous output of Tapsis and were classified into three levels. The relationship between the quality of life of the villages and the three variables of distance from the city center, distance from Anzali free trade-economic zone and the population of each village was calculated by Pearson correlation test. The relationship between the physical quality rank of the villages with the above three variables was 0.63, 0.62 and 0.74, respectively. The results indicated that in all three cases, the relationship between the variables and the physical quality of the villages is quite clear and demonstrates the inverse and intermediate upward relationship of the physical quality of the villages with two variables distance from the city center and free trade-economic zone. There is also a strong direct relationship between population size and physical quality of villages.

Today, informal settlements and the lack of security of occupation in them has attracted the attention of many researchers , so much so that the Human Housing Organization has mentioned the insecurity of occupation as an indicator of deprivation in informal settlements. Occupation security is one of the most important issues facing informal settlements.The subject of this research (or study) is the analysis of the role of the security of occupation in the physical quality of housing in Yousef- Abad neighborhood, one of the informal housing centers of Tabriz metropolis, which is located within the area of Tabriz Region 1. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of perceptual occupancy security and the relationship between the perceptual occupancy security and the physical quality of housing in the studied area. The research method used in this research is of descriptive and correlation type, and it uses the survey method and a questionnaire tool, and SPSS. 25 software is used for data analysis. The statistical population in this study is the residents of Yousefabad informal settlement neighborhood. The probabilistic sampling method is simple and "Charles Cochran's" formula has been used to calculate the sample size And the sample size according to Cochran's formula is 373. The results show that the level of the perceptual occupancy security is very low in this district, and the Index of evacuation to any time is one of the main factors in reducing the security of perceptual occupation in Yousef- Abad neighborhood. and these is not a positive and meaningful relationship between the perceptual occupancy security and physical quality of housing.

Measuring the degree of spatial satisfaction of the pattern of housing and residential complexes, includes a wide range of cultural, social, physical components, etc., which in total shows the value of the quality of the residential environment. Housing quality indicators are always considered as the most sensitive housing planning tool. In order to ensure social growth, the housing sector, in addition to the housing unit itself, also includes the surrounding environment. Satisfaction with housing is a multidimensional matter and it is necessary to pay attention to various factors that make up its quality and satisfaction in developing an evaluation model. Assessing the level of residents' satisfaction can be effective in measuring the achievement of the goals of urban projects, and also the results of such research can be used to improve the quality of living environment, especially in residential complexes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of residents of Tabriz residential complexes by descriptive-analytical method and for final evaluation of data, SPSS software and statistical methods such as sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation test were used. The method of collecting information is based on checklists for questionnaire techniques, observation, study of spatial-spatial features, and in this direction, documentary studies and libraries have been used. Performed studies indicate that people's satisfaction in the field of functional diagram and form of outdoor spaces at a very good level and building form, form of indoor spaces and dimensions of residential units, ceiling height of residential units and dimensions and size of common, facilities and communications of outdoor space. The average (above average) and the number of rooms in the residential unit and the number of units in the complex are poor (below average) and in general, the level of residents' satisfaction with this residential complex is above average.

In Western studies, POEs focus more on the functional aspects of the building, and each human product is influenced by contextual and behavioral issues. According to contemporary experts (research literature), the priority of evaluation components in Iran, respectively, includes evaluation: 1- Technical; 2- Behavioral; 3- Legal and economic; And 4- is functional. Divides post-settlement assessments into two categories: deductive post-settlement assessments and productive post-residence assessments. In post-deductive assessments, the researcher compares spaces in order to create norms or understand changes before and after the implementation of a new design. Post-deductive assessments are more likely to require objective methods, including the methods used in standardized questionnaire scales, based on which a questionnaire-based assessment was considered in this study. In this study, behavioral evaluation is considered in the fields of environmental psychological perception with emphasis on environmental psychological components and indicators in the field of spatial quality assessment. The research method of this research is descriptive-analytical and based on its fundamental nature and the meta-analysis method has been used in summarizing studies and compiling study records in this regard. The research findings also point to the prioritization of factors and criteria of psychological quality of residential complexes by evaluating the performance of the foundation. Common spaces, spatial fluidity, spatial flexibility, spatial vitality, introversion, identity, stress reduction, congestion and spatial dynamics

One of the most important needs of rural development is rural housing. The construction of rural resistant housing and providing appropriate houses for villager has often been important elements of various development programs. Retrofitting means increasing the resistance of a structure (building) against the forces and improving the condition of the texture and internal elements of the housing and includes a set of measures that increase the life and strength of the building with small changes in the structure. Objectives This study attempts to investigate the effects of retrofitting the houses on physical quality of rural ancient Ghochan Atigh County. This study seeks to answer this question, what is the relationship between retrofitting the rural houses, and physical stability and the quality of housing area of the study? This study is functional and descriptive-analytical methods are used. Information and required data were collected by means of library and field methods. To analyze the data, quantitative methods were used in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics (One samples T test, Wilcoxon and Pearson). The area under study consists of 46 villages, which 15 villages were selected as sample. The Number of required samples to complete the questionnaire were determined 150 household by using a modified Cochran formula and questionnaires were distributed in the form of quota sampling in the villages of rural area. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between Retrofitting rural housing and physical stability in the area of the study with a confidence level of 99% at a rate 0.277 and the quality of housing at a rate 0.262, and a significant difference has been observed in the periods before and after retrofitting to improve the quality of housing and physical stability in the study in the area of study.Retrofitting rural housing while increasing the strength and reducing its vulnerability to natural hazards; Improvement of the physical quality in rural areas has been followed in the study area

Abstract This research’s aim was assessing the fitness of path analysis model to compare the neighborhood identity of three neighborhoods with different characteristics in Tehran. Velenjak in area 1, Hesarak in area 5 and Vahidieh in area 8 have been studied. Neighborhood identity was dependent variable and independent variables were social capital, lifestyle, physical quality, contemporary capitalist economy, social security and telecommunications. The research method was survey and the data were collected using a questionnaire which was validated by a pre-test. The statistical sample of this study, based on the census of 1390, was estimated using 382 by Cochran formula, and 428 questionnaires were distributed in order to assure and cover invalid responses. The sampling method was classified by the population of neighborhoods from the total population. Sampling was done randomly and SPSS software was used for data analysis. The results showed that based on the multivariate regression model, 30.9% in Velenjak, 53.8% in Hessarak and 62.4% in Vahidieh were explained neighborhood identity changes by independent variables in the model. In all three social districts, social capital had the most impact on neighborhood identity, with the explanation equal in Velenjak was 0.366, in Hesarak was 0.654, and in Vahidieh was 0.522 at 95% confidence level has been. The variable of lifestyle also had the greatest impact on social capital change as an interface variable in the local identity. Finally, the effects of each of the significant variables in explaining neighborhood identity in the three neighborhoods studied in the tables are shown.