جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "women" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Women’s status is one of the key indicators of development in any country. Despite comprising half of the global population, women account for only one-tenth of the world’s income and hold just one-hundredth of its assets. Tourism is a powerful tool for empowering women across economic, educational, and political dimensions. Given its significance, this study aims to explore the role of women’s empowerment in the sustainable development of tourism. The research focuses on female activists in the tourism industry of Ardabil province. Data were analyzed using PLS software. The findings reveal that empowering women in psychological, political, and social dimensions plays a crucial role in enhancing women’s participation in sustainable tourism development. Additionally, the study shows that these empowerment factors influence the dependent variable (sustainable tourism development) through the mediating variable of participation in tourism.

In today's world, empowerment has become one of the main concepts of sustainable development. Meanwhile, the role of villages in the process of economic, social, political and other aspects of development has provided reasons to pay attention to the development of rural areas. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of ecotourism in empowering rural women. According to its objectives, the current research is classified as applied research because it seeks to evaluate the relationship between the development of ecotourism and the empowerment of women in the local community, and its findings can be used to improve and develop ecotourism in the villages of Gilan province and other regions. According to how to obtain the data and information needed in this research, the perspective of the research is descriptive-correlation and it has been described. In this research, the Shivens model and its components have been considered to investigate the empowerment of women, which was used along with the indicators of ecotourism development consisting of protection, education and participation. The researcher-made questionnaire, which was prepared based on the background and theoretical foundations, was distributed among the statistical population, which includes the rural population of Gilan province. The results of the questionnaire were analyzed using statistical methods. The results show that there is a positive and

Tourism is referred to as an accelerator for national and regional development because the local community benefits from the various benefits of tourism. On the other hand, tourism, along with economic effects and consequences, causes the social, cultural and environmental conditions of local communities to undergo major changes. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the individual and social capabilities of the beneficiaries and use them to influence the process of sustainable development of tourism. The role of women in environmental and economic changes is weak due to reasons such as lack of equal educational opportunities, lack of sufficient self-confidence, and their lack of recognition in economic activities. Therefore, the United Nations has set a series of smaller goals, one of which is the effective participation of women in society and their presence in political, economic and public decision-making, in order to achieve its goals in the field of women's empowerment.Khalkhal city is one of the cities of Ardabil province. The suburban area of this city is attracting the attention of tourists. An important question raised in this research is, what is the state of these two peri-urban areas in different aspects of tourism empowerment?

The research questionnaire includes questions related to the perception of women's work in tourism (6 questions), women's entrepreneurship (3 questions), psychological empowerment (4 questions), social empowerment (3 questions) and the scale used to measure five-point Likert questions. 1 strongly disagree - 5 strongly agree). Smart-PLS software and confirmatory factor analysis method were used to analyze the data collected from the questionnaire and the structural model test.

The results of this research showed that the positive perception of women's work in tourism has the greatest positive effect on psychological empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.968 and significance: 34.701), social empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.889). and significance t: 31.635), economic empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.823 and significance t: 25.701) and finally political empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.768 and significance t: 13.701).In addition, the results showed that women's entrepreneurship has the greatest positive effect on psychological empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.896 and significance t: 36.968), economic empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.789 and significance t: 29.765), social empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.703 and significance t: 18.369) and political empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.646 and significance t: 9.785).Also, psychological empowerment has a strong positive effect on the development of tourism in the Khalkhal destination (path coefficient (β): 0.968 and significance rit: 45.831) (Hypothesis 3.4 is confirmed). Then, in order, social empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.912 and significance t: 39.168), social empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.865 and significance rit: 26.147) and political empowerment (path coefficient (β): 0.809) and significant (it: 19.348) have a positive effect on the development of tourism.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the perception of women's work in tourism and women's entrepreneurship. Specifically, in these two villages of Pirashehri, the perception of women's work in tourism has become very different compared to the past, and one of the reasons for this is that after the intensification of international sanctions and the emergence of some economic problems for households, cultural sensitivities for Women's work has decreased. So that in the field studies, it was found that most tourism and tourism-related businesses in this region rely on women in a special way.Also, the results of this research show that women's activity in tourism leads to the empowerment of women socially, politically, economically, psychologically. For example, tourism by creating jobs and entrepreneurship opportunities for women. In the two studied regions, tourism has created jobs for women. In Khojin region, it is common to rent suiyet and sell dairy products to tourists, but in Andabil village, renting a villa and suiyet is more common, and women have different roles in each of them.Also, economic empowerment gives a sense of pride towards local traditions and culture. For example, the people of Khojin and Andabil villages are proud of their history and many of them wrote various books and articles about their region. For example, we can refer to the books of Andabil: The memory of my land, the book of Andabil Castle, the book of Andabil Khalkhal's traditional short stories and stories, the book of Khojin and the Great Khojin scholars: the historical, geographical, cultural, social and economic situation of Khojin Khalkhal.

Today, one of the central perspectives in the planning and design of public spaces is the discussion of gender justice in the design of these spaces. Over the past few decades, the relationship between gender and urban space has become one of the main debates in the world. Therefore, presence in public spaces is essential for all groups, regardless of gender, age, income level, job, etc. In this regard, the purpose of the present study; Spatial Analysis of the Position of Women in the Design of Public spaces (Case Study: Zahedan City Areas). This research in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and research method, it is a survey. The data required for the research were collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). The statistical population of the present study was selected using Delphi method of 20 local planners and elites and city managers and university professors from among (women). Fuzzy Mamdani model was used for data analysis. The results showed that the situation of the five areas of Zahedan in the dimensions of designing public spaces (semantic, functional, social and physical) is unfavorable. Also, the final results of prioritizing the areas of Zahedan city according to the dimensions of public spaces design using Fuzzy Mamdani model showed, area (one) of Zahedan city, given the final non-fuzzy value as the output of the fuzzy inference system, it is given priority.The results showed that the situation of the five areas of Zahedan in the dimensions of designing public spaces (semantic, functional, social and physical) is unfavorable. Also, the final results of prioritizing the areas of Zahedan city according to the dimensions of public spaces design using Fuzzy Mamdani model showed, area (one) of Zahedan city, given the final non-fuzzy value as the output of the fuzzy inference system, it is given priority.

Women, as half of the urban population, have more specific sensitivities than men about perceptions of crime areas. Therefore, by examining their perspectives on identifying crime potentials at the level of urban spaces, it is possible to achieve the characteristics of a safe urban space from the perspective of the totality of an urban society. Accordingly, addressing the issue of what characteristics of urban open spaces from the perspective of women make them safe or prone to crime, is the main purpose of this study. Also, among the various urban spaces, parks are of special importance as a public place for the daily presence of women, and this factor led to the selection of Shiraz Freedom Park as a case study. The research strategy in this study includes a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and information was collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation and mental imaging. The results showed that the set of factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in women in urban parks can be classified under four physical, functional, social and perceptual-visual indicators. In these cases, following factors are very important in creating a safe space in urban parks from the perspective of women: vegetation density, the presence of sub-spaces and outcrops, territorial segregation, the presence of signs and symbols, the circadian nature of land uses, proper location of entrances and exits, the possibility of proper navigation in space, artificial care, reputation or a notoriety) a space, gender dominance in parts of the park, visual communication with different parts of the park, proper lighting at night and the brightness and clarity of the space.

 The purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the tendency of women with physical disabilities to travel and tourism.

Design/methodology/approach: 

This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method. The statistical population includes 781 physically disabilities women of Babolsar city, and using the Cochran formula, 257 people were selected as a statistical sample with a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire.

The findings showed that the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel is lower than the average level. Women experience a strong feeling of rejection in terms of social participation, normative integration, access to social rights and material deprivation is also at a low level. Regression analysis showed that social participation and feeling of material deprivation respectively had the greatest effect on their tendency to travel. Bivariate analyzes also indicated the existence of a significant difference in the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel according to age, education, occupation and cause of disability(p<0/005).

This study provides a more distinct picture of the impact of social exclusion on physically disabilities women and its impact on tourism and travel. Since tourism can be effective in strengthening mental health and their return to the society, providing the ground for disabled tourism should be given more attention.

Originality/value: 

This study is one of the first researches in the field of physically disabled women and tourism in Iran.

The issue of inequality is not a new concept, it has been part of global politics, and it has attracted the attentions of leaders all over the world (Akintnde,Othman.,2023: 1). also, one of the UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) achieve equal rights and opportunities for both women and men in all spheres of society, eliminate discrimination on the grounds of gender and apply special measures to the balance between women’s and men’s ability to enjoy equal rights (Chornodon etal., 2022:123). However, gender inequality has come to the forefront of policy debates, not only because it deprives a basic human right, but also due to a surge in evidence that illuminates the extensive costs it incurs on society, this is why various recognized international organizations have stressed the importance of eradicating this global misfortune (Akintnde, Othman., 2023: 1).Equality in education has always been a major concern in the field of education. Inequalities in education are manifested in many ways, mainly between regions, rural and urban areas and gender (Zhao., 2022: 831). Furthermore, Gender inequality in education has become the most influencing overall gender inequality. So, Inequality of educational background between female and male impact gender inequality in the workplace, position, role in society, as well as freedom of opinion. Also, there is a lot of empirical evidence to show that educational discrimination against women hinders the development economy and exacerbating social inequality. Efforts to reduce gender gaps in education by expanding opportunities for education for women is very profitable economically (Badriah, Istiqomah., 2022: 1). In Human society has done a lot to reduce the gender gap in healthcare and education, but it is still far from establishing equal income for women and men (Gurieva etal., 2022: 66). But can for reduce this inequality, various factors that can be effective in increasing gender inequality, including political, social, economic and cultural factors, can be identified (Sadeghlou et al., 2020: 29). This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical approach. In the present research, at first, the data needed for the evaluation was prepared from the relevant organization and by using statistical formulas, the indicators determined for the years 2007 and 2017 were calculated and the changes of the two periods were calculated for the aforementioned indicators. Then, using the geographic information system and interpolation tool (IDW), the location of each village in different classes is determined so that the level of gender inequality in each index can be measured at the level of all the studied villages. Then, using the entropy model, weighted the mentioned indicators and classified the studied villages in terms of gender inequality with the Vikor model. Finally, with the regression weighted geography of model, the extent of the impact of each factor on these inequalities was evaluated.Based on the analysis, the literacy rate of women is lower than that of men, but it is not undeniable that in the 10-year period, more villages of women than men have been placed in better conditions in terms of education. Also, from the point of view of education employment rate of students, the changes of 26 villages in the 10-year period showed that in terms of this indicator, the society of men is in a more favorable situation than women. In addition, due to the low number of female workers in rural areas, Basically, the changes were too upward, and these changes caused that in 30 villages in the society of women have better conditions than men. Finally, in terms of economic participation index, it was the community of men that among the 45 villages investigated, 26 villages were in a more favorable situation in the mentioned period. Also, the results obtained from the Vikor model indicate that the village of Alvar Alia, having relatively good socio-economic conditions in the women’s community compared to the other studied villages, was able to obtain a possible score of 1.00, against the village of Karajan by obtaining the lowest score meaning 0.00, in unfavorable conditions compared to other villages. In addition, the results obtained from the weighted regression of geography indicate that the most influential factors on gender inequalities are distance from the main road, availability of educational infrastructure, distance from Tabriz city and the percentage of rural employment, which are respectively 0.712, 0.696, 0.691 and 0.647.Based on the results and discussions, it can be acknowledged that the level of women's literacy has increased in a ten-year period, which can be effective for women's employment and participation. But the number of working women or people who want to work in rural areas is relatively small compared to the population of women, on the other hand, it is expected that by increasing the literacy rate of women, in addition to their employment, better conditions will be created in other fields and directions. However, in contrast to the high literacy rate of women, the rate of female Education employment is relatively lower, that by encouraging women towards various activities and affairs, they can be pushed towards increasing the level of higher education and strengthen their skills and empower women so that the rural society can be guided towards a successful and sustainable and all-round development. Also, the rate of employment of women has increased significantly, but the number of women seeking employment or working in the studied society was very low; because, the amount of economic participation of women in the rural society was very small, but considering the high level of literacy of the women community compared to the previous periods, it is possible to draw a principled and logical planning at the level of rural communities, to guide these communities towards sustainable development. based on the final score, the villages of Alvar Alia and Karajan have achieved the highest and lowest gender equality, respectively. Also, based on the results obtained from the factors affecting on this inequality, conditions can be provided to minimize the difference in status between men and women is as minimal as possible.

The aim of the present research is to investigate the criteria of women's beauty from the point of view of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. The research community is all historical texts and documents related to Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, especially his memoirs and manuscripts. The research sample was the texts related to the opinions and views of Naser al-Din Shah towards women. The qualitative research method is descriptive-analytical. Information was collected using documentary and library methods, and then the obtained data were analyzed. The results showed that during the Qajar era, the women of Naser al-Din Shah's harem behaved in a special style to have a beautiful and attractive face, and one of their important tasks was to adorn themselves for the Qajar king. Sometimes they decorate themselves according to the wishes of Shah Qajar and sometimes according to the customs of the society. Some of the beauty features were similar to previous periods and some were original and specific to their period. They used various tools to make themselves more beautiful, one of the important concerns of Naser al-Din Shah's women was to be beautiful and more beautiful than other women and to be liked by the king. Long and black hair, white skin, obesity, droopy and long eyes, tall, wide and connected eyebrows, clean and well-groomed appearance, healthy teeth and mustache were among the main aspects of women's beauty from Naser al-Din Shah's point of view. With Naser al-Din Shah's travels to Europe and his familiarity with western women, there was a slight change in these standards, but his main views on the beauty of women, which were derived from the culture of Iranian society, did not change much.

In the present era, the attention of many countries of the world to the category of entrepreneurship and its development has led to the formation of a wave of entrepreneurship development policies in the world. The countries of the world have considered different solutions to overcome their economic and social problems. Due to the important role and place of villages in the process of all-round development and the unfortunate consequences of neglecting it, such as the deep gap between urban and rural life, population growth, widespread poverty, and the increase in the indiscriminate migration of villagers to cities, rural development has caused Priority should be given to urban development. Meanwhile, empowering rural women through entrepreneurial activities is of particular importance as one of the influential groups in the development process. Entrepreneurship, as one of the least expensive tools, brings the best result and the most efficiency for the development of the society, therefore, providing the necessary social platform for its development is of particular importance. But in spite of this issue, the entry of women into the field of entrepreneurship has always faced many obstacles and restrictions, and various factors have prevented the emergence and growth of the potential talents of women in the field of entrepreneurship. The question that is raised in this context is how to create a desire for entrepreneurship in women so that they have entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial spirit to decide to start a business.

City and urban space represent pervasive social phenomena, and the productivity and utility of urban spaces are crucial considerations in any study examining the daily lives of both men and women. The imperative for presence in space is universal, transcending gender, age, income level, occupation, and other factors. The presence of women in urban spaces, akin to men, stands as a paramount indicator of urban justice. Thus, this article employs a descriptive-analytical method and utilizes SPSS software for data analysis to assess the degree of gender justice in urban space. Additionally, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests are employed for the component grouping evaluation, involving the distribution of 368 Likert scale questionnaires across three areas of Qazvin. The questionnaire design implicitly considers the concept of the glass roof and urban space norms for women. The study results reveal that, in the regions of Qazvin, women's utilization of urban space is more pronounced compared to other areas. This disparity is attributed to the dominance of an active and dynamic urban space in this region, challenging the concept of the glass roof and showcasing increased presence of women.

One of the problems with development is that the development programs are gender blind and that they do not pay attention to gender (women). Due to the lack of attention to gender considerations in development programs, the implementation of these programs has led to increased inequality and even poverty among women. So today poverty has become a category of women. Although women make up half of the world's population, this great power is expected to move the wheels of society by active in many economic, political, social and cultural activities in accordance with men. However, throughout history, women's social opportunities and opportunities have not been distributed in such a way that they can easily appear in the scenarios of living together with men and play a role without gender restriction, so the purpose of the present study is a profound role and participation. Women in the Algerian and Islamic Revolution are Iran. The results of the study show that obstacles and problems for women's political participation can be divided into two categories of structural limitations and non -structural constraints. . Structural barriers include the political system, cultural factors, and educational reasons. Women's academic constraints are also the most important non -structural obstacle.

Right to the city is one of the most important citizenship rights that can be reduced for women under different circumstances. In this mixed research, with in-depth and semi-structured interviews, a conceptual model has been presented to explain the causal, contextual and interventional conditions effectively reducing women's right to the city. Then, with the structural equation modeling, the causal conditions affecting the right to the city have been investigated. Family, ethnicity, and physical and mental conditions were the most important background conditions that 32 women living in Ahvaz pointed to in order to influence the right to the city. Also, the participants considered politics and government institutions, law, and spatial policies as the most important intervention in the women's right to the city. City security, favorable actions with the city space, space-positive gender performance, and social welfare were among the most important causal conditions that the participants mentioned in increasing women's right to the city. Causal modeling showed that the most influential reason for reducing women's right to the city of Ahvaz is urban space security, followed by urban policies and designs. By multiplying the causal path, it is 0.84, followed by urban planning and design with a coefficient of 0.79. Governmental and executive institutions should pay more attention to women's right to the city through the establishment of better laws, the design of suitable spaces with individual differences, especially gender, and, of course, with an emphasis on women. The creation of safer places in the city for women while increasing the livability of the city for citizens improves women's rights in urban spaces

Good urban governance is a new theory, the implementation of which realizes the field of sustainable development in the society. In the corona situation, with the experience that all kinds of democratic and non-democratic governments showed in managing affairs, apparently, the most successful way of governance appeared from countries where women were at the top of the government and made decisions for themselves and others. Since women always have multiple roles, even in crises, they have a more effective role in facing and managing it. The city of Semnan has faced issues in the field of urban management and governance during the corona and post-corona period. The purpose of this article is the role of good urban governance in the era of Corona and post-corona, considering the position of women in Semnan. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and information of this research. The statistical population of the current research is the citizens of Semnan with a population of 216,578 people, and the sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula to be equal to 383 people. In order to analyze the data, to test the hypotheses, one-sample t-tests, multivariate linear regression, and Pearson's correlation were used, and to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, the structural equation modeling method was used by Lisrel software. The findings have shown that the quality of governance in Semnan and the position of women in the era of Corona and post-corona are in unfavorable conditions in Semnan and they are weak. The results of the sample T-Tech test have shown that the state of the aspects of good urban governance in Semnan city and the position of women in it is not in a good situation. Finally, the results of the investigations show; It is not possible to hope for the realization of good urban governance without the practical definition and explanation of the special position of women as half of the city's citizens and one of the most influential groups in the administration of city affairs.

This article aims to analyze the role of gender (women and men) in committing white collar crimes in Iran and Norway. According to Sutherland's definition, white-collar crime is a crime committed by people who are "respected and have social status." Studies clearly show that women are under-represented in official statistics related to certain types of organizational white-collar crime. However, what exactly creates such a pattern is worthy of reflection and interpretation. There are several possibilities in this regard. One interpretation is that because access to occupational and organizational positions is stratified by gender, women have fewer opportunities to commit certain types of white-collar crime; Especially those crimes that allow the offender to use the organization as a means to deceive and conspire against the victims. Therefore, the limited access to job positions explains why women are not accused among this type of white-collar criminals. This interpretation is based on the implicit assumption that if women have access to similar job and organizational positions, they will act like men. However, there is a possibility that women behave differently than men even if they have the same situations and opportunities. Maybe women are actually more law-abiding than men. Another possibility is that men and women commit crimes equally. But the criminal justice system

The issue of power is the most important element in the world of politics, and what share of this power women have had in contemporary Iran, and how the ruling discourse of Iran during the Islamic Republic era has represented the division of labor in the political sphere, and whether the basis of the division of political labor is gender. is it or not.. For this purpose, by examining some of the official and important texts of the discourse of the Islamic Republic, this discourse has been analyzed and its constituent elements detailed. The political activities of women in Iran have started since the constitutional period and have continued their life with ups and downs. During the Pahlavi period, the political awareness of women in the society was very low and the participations were often related to certain classes and were ordered from above. There is a hypothesis that the traditional society of Iran became more aware and more self-confident following the growth of public education, that they were able to accompany a political revolution, and after that, women in the political body of the society sought to play political roles and challenge the order. Masculine political structures and power have been the main approach in this study is the determination of gender-political identities by the ruling discourses with a historical perspective on women's activity during the Islamic Republic, which of course shows the limited role of women in politics influenced by contemporary traditional patrimonialism.

Rural women's participation in various rural activities not only enhances their social presence but also contributes to increased income for rural households and improved livelihoods. This research investigates and identifies the influential factors in enhancing women's participation in the rural economy of Shaft County. The descriptive-survey research method is employed, with a statistical population of 66 members of village councils and residents from various villages in the county. The validity of the items, confirmed by experts, exhibits reliability using Cronbach's alpha test, with scores of 0.841, 0.837, 0.871, and 0.78 for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, respectively, indicating a good and acceptable level. Subsequently, through factor analysis utilizing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method, the designated items are categorized, and the crucial components for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are identified, comprising 3, 1, 2, and 1 components, respectively. The variance shares of the first to third components for opportunity points are 31.05, 22.33, and 13.564. For weaknesses, the variance share of the only component is 59.154. The variance shares of the first and second components for opportunity points are 32.316 and 29.964. Lastly, the variance share of the single component for threat points is 70.537. The total explained variance for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats is 66.943, 59.154, 62.281, and 70.537, respectively. The results highlight that the key factors driving women's participation include a suitable cultural platform, financial support, and the role of women in sustainable development, women's employment in agriculture and related industries for tourism development and environmental conservation, and tourism attractions and handicraft sales. Weaknesses mainly stem from a lack of training, insufficient technical facilities for handicraft production, financial constraints, cultural shortcomings, and underestimation of women's participation. Opportunities focus on surplus production, government support, and the establishment of organizations and cooperatives, alongside increasing literacy levels. Threats are rooted in cultural, economic, and social barriers.

This research was conducted to qualitatively improve the leisure time of women and girls in the family with an approach based on physical and sports activities. The current study is philosophical, interpretive, analytical, exploratory in nature, and practical in purpose. The research method was qualitative, which was done with the Foundation's data method with the Glaser approach. The participating community consisted of all experts related to leisure time with a sports approach in the country, which included professors of physical education and sports sciences, elite sportswomen, women sports experts in the Ministry of Sports and the General Directorate of Sports and Youth. The sampling method was theoretical and purposeful, and people were consciously selected by referring to them. The reliability of the interviews was achieved through reviewing and modifying the findings and confirming the coding of each interview by the interviewee. The reliability of the interviews was also confirmed by using process audit and intra-subject agreement of 67%. The results of the coding of the interviews, which have 90 concepts in the form of 11 sub-categories and three main categories: "Factors influencing the choice of physical activity and sports for leisure time for women and girls," "Necessary actions," "Consequences of doing physical activity and sports in women's leisure time and Girls" were categorized.

In addition to domestic activities, women also have a large share of manpower in activities outside the family. The health tourism industry is one of the industries in which women have a colorful presence. While women's empowerment health has not been studied in the field of tourism; Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the empowerment of women in the health tourism industry. This research is part of exploratory research and with a mixed approach seeks to study the factors of women's empowerment in the health tourism industry and prioritize the identified factors and has been done in Yazd province. In order to analyze the information, in the first phase, the theme analysis method and in the second phase, the structural-interpretive modeling method have been used. The results of the study identified 31 enablers that were prioritized using an expert panel. Thus, social factors have the most impact and political and psychological factors have the most impact. This study presents a new approach to women's empowerment in health tourism. Thus, most of the identified factors are related to social category. Therefore, improving social behaviors and the environment in which they live can lead to greater empowerment of women.