جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « women » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Women, as half of the urban population, have more specific sensitivities than men about perceptions of crime areas. Therefore, by examining their perspectives on identifying crime potentials at the level of urban spaces, it is possible to achieve the characteristics of a safe urban space from the perspective of the totality of an urban society. Accordingly, addressing the issue of what characteristics of urban open spaces from the perspective of women make them safe or prone to crime, is the main purpose of this study. Also, among the various urban spaces, parks are of special importance as a public place for the daily presence of women, and this factor led to the selection of Shiraz Freedom Park as a case study. The research strategy in this study includes a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and information was collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation and mental imaging. The results showed that the set of factors affecting the feeling of insecurity in women in urban parks can be classified under four physical, functional, social and perceptual-visual indicators. In these cases, following factors are very important in creating a safe space in urban parks from the perspective of women: vegetation density, the presence of sub-spaces and outcrops, territorial segregation, the presence of signs and symbols, the circadian nature of land uses, proper location of entrances and exits, the possibility of proper navigation in space, artificial care, reputation or a notoriety) a space, gender dominance in parts of the park, visual communication with different parts of the park, proper lighting at night and the brightness and clarity of the space.

 The purpose of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the tendency of women with physical disabilities to travel and tourism.

Design/methodology/approach: 

This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and a survey method. The statistical population includes 781 physically disabilities women of Babolsar city, and using the Cochran formula, 257 people were selected as a statistical sample with a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire.

The findings showed that the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel is lower than the average level. Women experience a strong feeling of rejection in terms of social participation, normative integration, access to social rights and material deprivation is also at a low level. Regression analysis showed that social participation and feeling of material deprivation respectively had the greatest effect on their tendency to travel. Bivariate analyzes also indicated the existence of a significant difference in the tendency of physically disabilities women to travel according to age, education, occupation and cause of disability(p<0/005).

This study provides a more distinct picture of the impact of social exclusion on physically disabilities women and its impact on tourism and travel. Since tourism can be effective in strengthening mental health and their return to the society, providing the ground for disabled tourism should be given more attention.

Originality/value: 

This study is one of the first researches in the field of physically disabled women and tourism in Iran.

The issue of inequality is not a new concept, it has been part of global politics, and it has attracted the attentions of leaders all over the world (Akintnde,Othman.,2023: 1). also, one of the UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) achieve equal rights and opportunities for both women and men in all spheres of society, eliminate discrimination on the grounds of gender and apply special measures to the balance between women’s and men’s ability to enjoy equal rights (Chornodon etal., 2022:123). However, gender inequality has come to the forefront of policy debates, not only because it deprives a basic human right, but also due to a surge in evidence that illuminates the extensive costs it incurs on society, this is why various recognized international organizations have stressed the importance of eradicating this global misfortune (Akintnde, Othman., 2023: 1).Equality in education has always been a major concern in the field of education. Inequalities in education are manifested in many ways, mainly between regions, rural and urban areas and gender (Zhao., 2022: 831). Furthermore, Gender inequality in education has become the most influencing overall gender inequality. So, Inequality of educational background between female and male impact gender inequality in the workplace, position, role in society, as well as freedom of opinion. Also, there is a lot of empirical evidence to show that educational discrimination against women hinders the development economy and exacerbating social inequality. Efforts to reduce gender gaps in education by expanding opportunities for education for women is very profitable economically (Badriah, Istiqomah., 2022: 1). In Human society has done a lot to reduce the gender gap in healthcare and education, but it is still far from establishing equal income for women and men (Gurieva etal., 2022: 66). But can for reduce this inequality, various factors that can be effective in increasing gender inequality, including political, social, economic and cultural factors, can be identified (Sadeghlou et al., 2020: 29). This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical approach. In the present research, at first, the data needed for the evaluation was prepared from the relevant organization and by using statistical formulas, the indicators determined for the years 2007 and 2017 were calculated and the changes of the two periods were calculated for the aforementioned indicators. Then, using the geographic information system and interpolation tool (IDW), the location of each village in different classes is determined so that the level of gender inequality in each index can be measured at the level of all the studied villages. Then, using the entropy model, weighted the mentioned indicators and classified the studied villages in terms of gender inequality with the Vikor model. Finally, with the regression weighted geography of model, the extent of the impact of each factor on these inequalities was evaluated.Based on the analysis, the literacy rate of women is lower than that of men, but it is not undeniable that in the 10-year period, more villages of women than men have been placed in better conditions in terms of education. Also, from the point of view of education employment rate of students, the changes of 26 villages in the 10-year period showed that in terms of this indicator, the society of men is in a more favorable situation than women. In addition, due to the low number of female workers in rural areas, Basically, the changes were too upward, and these changes caused that in 30 villages in the society of women have better conditions than men. Finally, in terms of economic participation index, it was the community of men that among the 45 villages investigated, 26 villages were in a more favorable situation in the mentioned period. Also, the results obtained from the Vikor model indicate that the village of Alvar Alia, having relatively good socio-economic conditions in the women’s community compared to the other studied villages, was able to obtain a possible score of 1.00, against the village of Karajan by obtaining the lowest score meaning 0.00, in unfavorable conditions compared to other villages. In addition, the results obtained from the weighted regression of geography indicate that the most influential factors on gender inequalities are distance from the main road, availability of educational infrastructure, distance from Tabriz city and the percentage of rural employment, which are respectively 0.712, 0.696, 0.691 and 0.647.Based on the results and discussions, it can be acknowledged that the level of women's literacy has increased in a ten-year period, which can be effective for women's employment and participation. But the number of working women or people who want to work in rural areas is relatively small compared to the population of women, on the other hand, it is expected that by increasing the literacy rate of women, in addition to their employment, better conditions will be created in other fields and directions. However, in contrast to the high literacy rate of women, the rate of female Education employment is relatively lower, that by encouraging women towards various activities and affairs, they can be pushed towards increasing the level of higher education and strengthen their skills and empower women so that the rural society can be guided towards a successful and sustainable and all-round development. Also, the rate of employment of women has increased significantly, but the number of women seeking employment or working in the studied society was very low; because, the amount of economic participation of women in the rural society was very small, but considering the high level of literacy of the women community compared to the previous periods, it is possible to draw a principled and logical planning at the level of rural communities, to guide these communities towards sustainable development. based on the final score, the villages of Alvar Alia and Karajan have achieved the highest and lowest gender equality, respectively. Also, based on the results obtained from the factors affecting on this inequality, conditions can be provided to minimize the difference in status between men and women is as minimal as possible.

One of the problems with development is that the development programs are gender blind and that they do not pay attention to gender (women). Due to the lack of attention to gender considerations in development programs, the implementation of these programs has led to increased inequality and even poverty among women. So today poverty has become a category of women. Although women make up half of the world's population, this great power is expected to move the wheels of society by active in many economic, political, social and cultural activities in accordance with men. However, throughout history, women's social opportunities and opportunities have not been distributed in such a way that they can easily appear in the scenarios of living together with men and play a role without gender restriction, so the purpose of the present study is a profound role and participation. Women in the Algerian and Islamic Revolution are Iran. The results of the study show that obstacles and problems for women's political participation can be divided into two categories of structural limitations and non -structural constraints. . Structural barriers include the political system, cultural factors, and educational reasons. Women's academic constraints are also the most important non -structural obstacle.

This article aims to analyze the role of gender (women and men) in committing white collar crimes in Iran and Norway. According to Sutherland's definition, white-collar crime is a crime committed by people who are "respected and have social status." Studies clearly show that women are under-represented in official statistics related to certain types of organizational white-collar crime. However, what exactly creates such a pattern is worthy of reflection and interpretation. There are several possibilities in this regard. One interpretation is that because access to occupational and organizational positions is stratified by gender, women have fewer opportunities to commit certain types of white-collar crime; Especially those crimes that allow the offender to use the organization as a means to deceive and conspire against the victims. Therefore, the limited access to job positions explains why women are not accused among this type of white-collar criminals. This interpretation is based on the implicit assumption that if women have access to similar job and organizational positions, they will act like men. However, there is a possibility that women behave differently than men even if they have the same situations and opportunities. Maybe women are actually more law-abiding than men. Another possibility is that men and women commit crimes equally. But the criminal justice system

The issue of power is the most important element in the world of politics, and what share of this power women have had in contemporary Iran, and how the ruling discourse of Iran during the Islamic Republic era has represented the division of labor in the political sphere, and whether the basis of the division of political labor is gender. is it or not.. For this purpose, by examining some of the official and important texts of the discourse of the Islamic Republic, this discourse has been analyzed and its constituent elements detailed. The political activities of women in Iran have started since the constitutional period and have continued their life with ups and downs. During the Pahlavi period, the political awareness of women in the society was very low and the participations were often related to certain classes and were ordered from above. There is a hypothesis that the traditional society of Iran became more aware and more self-confident following the growth of public education, that they were able to accompany a political revolution, and after that, women in the political body of the society sought to play political roles and challenge the order. Masculine political structures and power have been the main approach in this study is the determination of gender-political identities by the ruling discourses with a historical perspective on women's activity during the Islamic Republic, which of course shows the limited role of women in politics influenced by contemporary traditional patrimonialism.

The aim of the present research is to investigate the criteria of women's beauty from the point of view of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. The research community is all historical texts and documents related to Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, especially his memoirs and manuscripts. The research sample was the texts related to the opinions and views of Naser al-Din Shah towards women. The qualitative research method is descriptive-analytical. Information was collected using documentary and library methods, and then the obtained data were analyzed. The results showed that during the Qajar era, the women of Naser al-Din Shah's harem behaved in a special style to have a beautiful and attractive face, and one of their important tasks was to adorn themselves for the Qajar king. Sometimes they decorate themselves according to the wishes of Shah Qajar and sometimes according to the customs of the society. Some of the beauty features were similar to previous periods and some were original and specific to their period. They used various tools to make themselves more beautiful, one of the important concerns of Naser al-Din Shah's women was to be beautiful and more beautiful than other women and to be liked by the king. Long and black hair, white skin, obesity, droopy and long eyes, tall, wide and connected eyebrows, clean and well-groomed appearance, healthy teeth and mustache were among the main aspects of women's beauty from Naser al-Din Shah's point of view. With Naser al-Din Shah's travels to Europe and his familiarity with western women, there was a slight change in these standards, but his main views on the beauty of women, which were derived from the culture of Iranian society, did not change much.

In the present era, the attention of many countries of the world to the category of entrepreneurship and its development has led to the formation of a wave of entrepreneurship development policies in the world. The countries of the world have considered different solutions to overcome their economic and social problems. Due to the important role and place of villages in the process of all-round development and the unfortunate consequences of neglecting it, such as the deep gap between urban and rural life, population growth, widespread poverty, and the increase in the indiscriminate migration of villagers to cities, rural development has caused Priority should be given to urban development. Meanwhile, empowering rural women through entrepreneurial activities is of particular importance as one of the influential groups in the development process. Entrepreneurship, as one of the least expensive tools, brings the best result and the most efficiency for the development of the society, therefore, providing the necessary social platform for its development is of particular importance. But in spite of this issue, the entry of women into the field of entrepreneurship has always faced many obstacles and restrictions, and various factors have prevented the emergence and growth of the potential talents of women in the field of entrepreneurship. The question that is raised in this context is how to create a desire for entrepreneurship in women so that they have entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial spirit to decide to start a business.

City and urban space represent pervasive social phenomena, and the productivity and utility of urban spaces are crucial considerations in any study examining the daily lives of both men and women. The imperative for presence in space is universal, transcending gender, age, income level, occupation, and other factors. The presence of women in urban spaces, akin to men, stands as a paramount indicator of urban justice. Thus, this article employs a descriptive-analytical method and utilizes SPSS software for data analysis to assess the degree of gender justice in urban space. Additionally, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests are employed for the component grouping evaluation, involving the distribution of 368 Likert scale questionnaires across three areas of Qazvin. The questionnaire design implicitly considers the concept of the glass roof and urban space norms for women. The study results reveal that, in the regions of Qazvin, women's utilization of urban space is more pronounced compared to other areas. This disparity is attributed to the dominance of an active and dynamic urban space in this region, challenging the concept of the glass roof and showcasing increased presence of women.

Right to the city is one of the most important citizenship rights that can be reduced for women under different circumstances. In this mixed research, with in-depth and semi-structured interviews, a conceptual model has been presented to explain the causal, contextual and interventional conditions effectively reducing women's right to the city. Then, with the structural equation modeling, the causal conditions affecting the right to the city have been investigated. Family, ethnicity, and physical and mental conditions were the most important background conditions that 32 women living in Ahvaz pointed to in order to influence the right to the city. Also, the participants considered politics and government institutions, law, and spatial policies as the most important intervention in the women's right to the city. City security, favorable actions with the city space, space-positive gender performance, and social welfare were among the most important causal conditions that the participants mentioned in increasing women's right to the city. Causal modeling showed that the most influential reason for reducing women's right to the city of Ahvaz is urban space security, followed by urban policies and designs. By multiplying the causal path, it is 0.84, followed by urban planning and design with a coefficient of 0.79. Governmental and executive institutions should pay more attention to women's right to the city through the establishment of better laws, the design of suitable spaces with individual differences, especially gender, and, of course, with an emphasis on women. The creation of safer places in the city for women while increasing the livability of the city for citizens improves women's rights in urban spaces

Good urban governance is a new theory, the implementation of which realizes the field of sustainable development in the society. In the corona situation, with the experience that all kinds of democratic and non-democratic governments showed in managing affairs, apparently, the most successful way of governance appeared from countries where women were at the top of the government and made decisions for themselves and others. Since women always have multiple roles, even in crises, they have a more effective role in facing and managing it. The city of Semnan has faced issues in the field of urban management and governance during the corona and post-corona period. The purpose of this article is the role of good urban governance in the era of Corona and post-corona, considering the position of women in Semnan. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and information of this research. The statistical population of the current research is the citizens of Semnan with a population of 216,578 people, and the sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula to be equal to 383 people. In order to analyze the data, to test the hypotheses, one-sample t-tests, multivariate linear regression, and Pearson's correlation were used, and to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, the structural equation modeling method was used by Lisrel software. The findings have shown that the quality of governance in Semnan and the position of women in the era of Corona and post-corona are in unfavorable conditions in Semnan and they are weak. The results of the sample T-Tech test have shown that the state of the aspects of good urban governance in Semnan city and the position of women in it is not in a good situation. Finally, the results of the investigations show; It is not possible to hope for the realization of good urban governance without the practical definition and explanation of the special position of women as half of the city's citizens and one of the most influential groups in the administration of city affairs.

Rural women's participation in various rural activities not only enhances their social presence but also contributes to increased income for rural households and improved livelihoods. This research investigates and identifies the influential factors in enhancing women's participation in the rural economy of Shaft County. The descriptive-survey research method is employed, with a statistical population of 66 members of village councils and residents from various villages in the county. The validity of the items, confirmed by experts, exhibits reliability using Cronbach's alpha test, with scores of 0.841, 0.837, 0.871, and 0.78 for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, respectively, indicating a good and acceptable level. Subsequently, through factor analysis utilizing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method, the designated items are categorized, and the crucial components for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are identified, comprising 3, 1, 2, and 1 components, respectively. The variance shares of the first to third components for opportunity points are 31.05, 22.33, and 13.564. For weaknesses, the variance share of the only component is 59.154. The variance shares of the first and second components for opportunity points are 32.316 and 29.964. Lastly, the variance share of the single component for threat points is 70.537. The total explained variance for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats is 66.943, 59.154, 62.281, and 70.537, respectively. The results highlight that the key factors driving women's participation include a suitable cultural platform, financial support, and the role of women in sustainable development, women's employment in agriculture and related industries for tourism development and environmental conservation, and tourism attractions and handicraft sales. Weaknesses mainly stem from a lack of training, insufficient technical facilities for handicraft production, financial constraints, cultural shortcomings, and underestimation of women's participation. Opportunities focus on surplus production, government support, and the establishment of organizations and cooperatives, alongside increasing literacy levels. Threats are rooted in cultural, economic, and social barriers.

This research was conducted to qualitatively improve the leisure time of women and girls in the family with an approach based on physical and sports activities. The current study is philosophical, interpretive, analytical, exploratory in nature, and practical in purpose. The research method was qualitative, which was done with the Foundation's data method with the Glaser approach. The participating community consisted of all experts related to leisure time with a sports approach in the country, which included professors of physical education and sports sciences, elite sportswomen, women sports experts in the Ministry of Sports and the General Directorate of Sports and Youth. The sampling method was theoretical and purposeful, and people were consciously selected by referring to them. The reliability of the interviews was achieved through reviewing and modifying the findings and confirming the coding of each interview by the interviewee. The reliability of the interviews was also confirmed by using process audit and intra-subject agreement of 67%. The results of the coding of the interviews, which have 90 concepts in the form of 11 sub-categories and three main categories: "Factors influencing the choice of physical activity and sports for leisure time for women and girls," "Necessary actions," "Consequences of doing physical activity and sports in women's leisure time and Girls" were categorized.

In addition to domestic activities, women also have a large share of manpower in activities outside the family. The health tourism industry is one of the industries in which women have a colorful presence. While women's empowerment health has not been studied in the field of tourism; Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the empowerment of women in the health tourism industry. This research is part of exploratory research and with a mixed approach seeks to study the factors of women's empowerment in the health tourism industry and prioritize the identified factors and has been done in Yazd province. In order to analyze the information, in the first phase, the theme analysis method and in the second phase, the structural-interpretive modeling method have been used. The results of the study identified 31 enablers that were prioritized using an expert panel. Thus, social factors have the most impact and political and psychological factors have the most impact. This study presents a new approach to women's empowerment in health tourism. Thus, most of the identified factors are related to social category. Therefore, improving social behaviors and the environment in which they live can lead to greater empowerment of women.

Urban studies thinkers consider citizens' participation as one of the infrastructures for increasing in the capabilities of urban management. In order to citizens' participation to be meaningful and express the main concept of participation, it must be on a local scale and then reach the transnational arena. Neighborhoods, as the most fundamental elements of cities, have a special place in shaping and organizing the affairs of Tehran. With the establishment of the Pahlavi government and the effort to modernize Iran and the growth and increase in the population of cities, the traditional structures of urban life, including neighborhoods, underwent a transformation. The Law of City Associations was approved before the revolution, but it took many years to pay attention to neighborhood life again with the formation and implementation of the city's Islamic councils in 1998. In recent years, the neighborhood has been defined as the center of concentration and connection of urban services - people and municipality - in the smallest structural area of Tehran municipality. This center was chosen in such a way that all the possible capacities of the municipality can be delegated to it, and at the same time, concrete and objective participation of the citizens was directed to it in all areas that can be participated in, and new and up-to-date functions were defined for it. New social theories consider women's participation in sustainable development processes to be essential, and since the field of women's activity is traditionally wider in the fields of family and neighborhood, the local administration has envisioned a special role for women in city affairs and implemented special programs to improve their quality of life. In an environmental approach, women have the ability to play a greater role as leaders or active participants in smaller communities such as urban neighborhoods. It can be said that women play an essential role in local social cohesion. This type of connection is especially necessary to achieve social planning and successful management in multicultural societies. Because experience has shown that women pay attention to the dimensions of the needs of all groups in society and are not limited to the views and desires of powerful and effective members of society and often seek to create bridges over social, cultural and racial divisions as well as incompatibilities in society. That society will lead to a better life.

Based on this, the current research tries to investigate the effect of local women's participation in the programs of active organizations (Serai Mahlah) on improving their quality of life. Angeh, Homayun Shahr and Aqdasiye neighborhoods were introduced and selected as examples by the neighborhood management strategic headquarters because of their active role in this matter. In the current research, a survey method was used with the two goals of description and explanation. At the level of description, the goal is to provide information on the level of participation of women in the administration of neighborhood affairs, and at the level of explanation and analysis, the goal is to find the existence or non-existence of a relationship between independent and dependent variables. At the same time, it has been used to compile the theoretical foundations and review previous researches in a documentary (library) way. The statistical population of the research is made up of the women of Tehran's active neighborhoods in the field of participation in the administration of city affairs, and on this basis, two groups of active and inactive women were selected from among the women of these neighborhoods and investigated. In this research, the sample size is 240 tons, which was determined based on Cochran's formula, which is divided into two parts (124 active tons and 116 inactive tons). In the sampling method, there are two important reasons for choosing the neighborhood center, one is that the manager of the neighborhood is a woman, and the other is the introduction by the neighborhood management strategic headquarters as the most active centers in the neighborhoods of Tehran, which are Angeh, Homayoun Shahr, and Aqdasiyeh neighborhoods. Available sampling method was used to select local activists and random sampling method was used for inactive people. A questionnaire was used to collect information. After verifying its validity and reliability in the preliminary stages of the research, the questionnaire was used to collect the required data in the final stage. The results obtained from this research show that the existence of the neighborhood management institution shows that the participation of citizens is recognized as a necessity and need for collective life, and women are not excluded from this as citizens of the society. Sarai Mahalat is active as one of the sub-institutions of neighborhood management, and the use of the services provided in it can have a significant impact on improving the quality of life of women in various dimensions, and the officials are required to provide the necessary conditions to create the necessary infrastructure and facilities in this regard. On the other hand, they should create the necessary motivation in women in different ways so that they also become eager to participate in local affairs (various aspects), because compared to men, women devote more time to work inside and around the house (local area), so they have deeper experiences, knowledge and insight to build the environment around them. According to Arnstein and Hannah Arendt, if women can have an active participation in the administration of local affairs and not just a theatrical participation, they can actualize and realize their potential talents in various fields. It seems that if the participation of women at the local level has positive results (as the results of this research confirm this), it will lead to this fact that women are encouraged to participate at higher levels of society, which will facilitate the development of the country.

In the present study, the impact of the use of services provided in Sarai Mahalat on the quality of life of service users was investigated in different dimensions. At first, the presence or absence of a relationship was measured using Pearson's correlation coefficient, which confirmed the existence of a relationship between women's local participation and the improvement of their quality of life in different dimensions. In the following, the difference between the average scores of the group that used the services and the group that did not use the services was investigated using the T-test, and according to the obtained scores, the hypotheses of the research were confirmed. After that, two-dimensional tables were used to clarify the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The results of these tables show that the intensity of the relationship between local participation with the quality of life and physical health is greater than the intensity of its relationship with economic empowerment.

This research has investigated the impact of home businesses on women in the outskirts of Sanandaj city in social and economic dimensions. The research, with an innovative approach, has identified the ways of empowering women in the outskirts of Sanandaj through home businesses in order to achieve economic and social sustainability.  The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population is 184 women from the suburbs of Sanandaj, 124 of whom were selected as the sample size using the Cochran method. In this research, 19 variables were selected in economic and social dimensions, and the reliability of the questionnaire was determined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient with a rate of   0/72 It was confirmed. In order to analyze the data, inferential statistics methods such as central indices, mean, standard deviation and single-sample T-test have been measured. The results of the economic and social index in 19 investigated variables showed that 17 variables have had a positive impact on the living standards of the suburban households. The results showed that home-based businesses have led to the reduction of poverty, reduction of social damages, on the other hand, they have increased the level of incomes, cohesion and social stability of households. In order to increase the productivity of home businesses, it is necessary to carry out training in the field of skill enhancement of women on the outskirts of the city (Abbasabad).

Kish Island, with its special geographical characteristics, is the only tourist area among all Iranian islands that has received particular attention in all eras. Women should be considered for the tourism industry development due to specific gender restrictions. The current research aims to "identify the factors influencing the development of sports tourism in Kish Island with an emphasis on women's recreational sports.” The research was a mixed study conducted using qualitative and quantitative studies. To identify the factors affecting the development of sports tourism, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts, experts in the field of sport and tourism in Kish, and university professors. The result of this phase was identifying the influential factor, which became a structured questionnaire. Before distributing the questionnaire, its validity, and reliability were first determined. Then the questionnaires were completed by 80 experts working in tourism, sports, and women participating in sports-recreational games in Kish Island. In total, five factors (individual, contextual, organizational, partnership, and service management), 13 dimensions (demographic, psychological and behavioral, structural, infrastructural, policy and planning, organization, distribution and supply of services, needs assessment, sports events and coverage, sports attractions, human resources, financial resources, technology, and knowledge) and 46 components were identified. The analysis of the structural model showed that all identified factors have an impact on the development of sports tourism in Kish Island. Managerial factors were the most important, and individual factors were the least important.

The growth of cities and population growth has changed the structure and imbalance between the body of the city and nature, and increasing the need for public places to pass and acquire comfort. Parks were created in order to balance the urban and nature. But with the passage of time and thriving places; Parks, to the place of crime, also made it difficult to use for all strata. The purpose of this paper is to assess and measure the security factors of women in urban parks with emphasis on environmental security (studied by Allameh Ahvaz); According to the nature of the subject and goals for which predicted, descriptive-analytical type; The statistical population of women in Allameh park, which was selected, were selected randomly. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and Friedman's correlation test, Kurkal Wallis Ht-test. Findings indicate that the ranking of social and security variables based on Friedman test shows that the presence of people at different hours of day with an average of 13\/6, ranked first, communicating with the park with an average of 32\/5, ranked Second, the permeability of motor vehicles, security in the commute with an average of 4.79 in the third place.

Social monitoring, comfort and comfort and socialization, etc. directly affects the desirability of public spaces from the perspective of women, which utilizes this issue and modify and modify any of these independent variables in space Urban can provide adsorbent environments for the presence of all users and especially women.