جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تخلفات ساختمانی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Due to its pervasive level and long-term effects in cities, construction violations are among the challenges of modern urbanization; which, in line with the increase in the effective demand in the construction industry, has faced the cities with huge challenges. The aim of the present research is the spatial analysis of construction violations based on the Article 100 Municipal Commission in Bostan Abad city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Construction violations recorded in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality during a 5-year period (1396-1400) were analyzed temporally and spatially using spatial analysis techniques in the ArcGIS software environment. Then, using the average nearest neighbor distance (ANN) model, the pattern of spatial distribution of construction violations in the city of Bostan Abad during the 5-year period of study was determined. Also, Hot Spot Analysis technique has been used to analyze high or low amounts of construction violations in Bostan Abad city. According to the findings of the research, according to the frequency of construction violations registered in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality during a period of 5 years (2017-2021), Farhangian, Valiasr, Molavi and Gurbanabad neighborhoods with 227, 190, 114 and 93 respectively. The case of construction violations registered in the Article 100 Commission of Bostan Abad Municipality; they have allocated a major part of the construction violations. The neighborhoods of Qarakore and Eskikendi have the lowest frequency of construction violations with 37 and 49 cases of construction violations recorded during the 5-year period studied. The pattern of spatial distribution of registered building violations is cluster type and the spatial density of building violations per hectare is higher than other localities in Malawi, Qara Kore and Tarbiat according to the area of the localities. It should be noted that most of the registered construction violations are related to construction violations without a construction permit and excess construction permits, which have been registered in the form of residential and commercial uses. As a result, this study provides evidence for the improvement of policies by the city administration and the control of constructions outside of the rules and regulations in the city of Bostan Abad by the municipal officials.

Construction violations have been among the most important issues in cities which have led to disruption and the emergence of major challenges in urban management and planning. One of the most important negative effects of these violations is seen on the image of the city and is a serious threat to the quality of urban environments. The purpose of this research is to identify construction violations in terms of land use change and the number of floors exceeding the standards, as well as to investigate the type and extent of the effects on the urban appearance in the two neighborhoods of Tabriz (Dameshghieh and Parvaz) in 2019. The scale of the research is in the dimensions of the plots located in these neighborhoods. The survey index was based on the land use of the neighborhoods and the built condition for 2019 and the construction model based on the approved rules of the comprehensive and detailed plan of Tabriz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the required data was collected through theoretical review and field observations. Data is analyzed by Excel, AutoCAD and ArcMap software. The results show that 12% of the total parts in Dameshghieh neighborhood, and 38% of the total parts in Parvaz neighborhood, were built contrary to the rules and regulations of the approved plan. It was also found that the most negative effects that construction violations have on the appearance of Parvaz and Dameshghieh were related to the negative effects. In fact, these construction violations have concretely and obviously brought negative effects on each of the parameters of the urban landscape in the studied neighborhoods and weakened the strength of each of the parameters.

Most of the problems and anomalies of cities are related to construction violations, Violation of construction means violation of the laws, instructions and regulations of urban planning and construction, and in spite of the penalties that have been provided for it, not only has its type not been reduced, but it has intensified with the prosperity of constructions. The city of Mashhad, due to its special features, has a high immigration rate, which is the main reason for the increase in population. The city's population movements have caused people who have migrated to this city to refer to marginal areas such as (northwest, Qasemabad, northeast, etc.) in proportion to their ability to provide housing and Reasons such as the existence of lands, reasonable land prices, etc. are effective in their settlement. In the meantime, due to the lack of knowledge of municipal laws, illegal structures were constructed and in the end, they solved the problem by paying a fine (determined compensation). Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting construction violations that have been done by descriptive-analytical method and using library and field studies. In this study, the factors affecting construction violations have been obtained by Delphi method (consultation of experts) and by completing 20 questionnaires, and t-test has been used to measure the obtained data. In the following, solutions to control this issue in the study area (District 2 of Mashhad Municipality) are presented. Among the components based on regression data, "cost-effectiveness of construction violations and the motivation to make a personal profit and avoid the cost of obtaining a license" with a beta of 0.264 has the most impact and "violation of some municipal experts" with a beta of 0.108 has the least impact.

Controlling urban structures in order to optimally manage the city is mainly carried out through urban construction regulations, which, despite the various measures of urban management, annually, significant cases of construction violations in cities are reported. In fact, construction violations can be defined as non-compliance with urban construction regulations that threaten the quality of life in cities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between economic and physical factors and the number and amount of construction violations in Qazvin city that by identifying the factors affecting each type of construction violations, a better understanding of the existing status of construction violations can be achieved and provide a suitable context for future planning. The research method is descriptive-analytical. To evaluate the effect of spatial patterns of the city on violations, weighted overlay method was used in GIS software. The results showed that there is a relationship between the economic and physical factors and construction violations. Economic factors show direct relationship with the number of violations of the construction of the excess on the license and the total area of violation of the construction of surplus on the surface and change of land use and inverse relationship with the number of violations of unauthorized construction. Also, the number of violations of the construction of surplus on the surface and the change of land use physical factors are directly related and the number of excess violations has a negative relationship with density and physical factors.

Urban construction is important from a variety of dimensions of economic, social and cultural in such a way that violations in urban construction in conflict with these dimensions and urban development plans, which leads to the impact and change in the distribution of urban activities, levels assigned to them and distribution of different land use in the city and their logical relationship together, that in common, has broken down the basis of these plans and has had negative effects on different dimensions, it has deprived the city of proper and efficient texture and skeletons. In this regard, one of the important authorities that can handle these dimensions and leads to urban discipline and urbanization, 100 article Commission of the Municipal. According to article 100 of Municipalities Law, owners of land and mortgages within the scope of services must obtain a building permit from the municipalities before construction and the municipality is obliged to prevent unauthorized or unlawful construction operations by their agents on the enclosed or enclosed ground. In the opposite case, it is prevented from referring to its agents and for referral to the 100 Commission. In the city of Yazd, approximately 1,000 building permits with an infrastructure of 354600 square meters annually are issued, which is the number of construction permits 261 building permits in area 1, 341 butterflies in area 2, 543 butterflies in area 3 and 34 butterfly in historical area. Only in one of the three areas of the city of Yazd in 2011 was referred to the commissions under Article 100 of the Municipality Law, 721 violations have been filed and subsequently it has been tried to issue a statutory vote. Given this statistics and the proximity of violations in a region with the construction license number of the whole city of Yazd, the depth and breadth of the phenomenon of construction violations, which only includes violations that have been reported and the case filed, show more. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the function of this commission and formulate strategies for the positive effects of the commission on urbanization and urban planning in Yazd.

According to the studied components, the method of investigation is functional and the approach taken by this research is "analytical -descriptive". Data collection is sampled through a case of construction violations. The statistical population is the number of construction licenses issued as well as the number of cases of violations during different years in different areas of Yazd. In order to carry out the analytical processes, this research has been used Schematic planning scenario model and Mick Mack software.

The studies show that among the 9934 cases examined, 7824 cases were filed scilicet 78.7% of which were attributed to the Election Commission and 2104 other cases, which include 21.1% of the total number of cases, to appeal to the committee's votes. Among the votes of the Red Election Commission is the "deconstruction-fine and restoration order" assigned The largest number of cases includes 37.3 percent of the total cases, equivalent to 3715 cases, which unfortunately ended 100 percent Implementation of the Commission's 100-member vote to pay fines. This function of the 100th Commission Committee on Social Dimensions leads to a decrease in the level of social supervision, in the urban dimension of heterogeneity in the skyline, in the environmental dimension of incompatibility caused by inappropriate use of the neighborhood and in the security and safety aspects of the reduction of safety and security due to lack of attention to national regulations The building has been erected for the city of Yazd.

The variables related to urban laws and the lack of coordination between organizations associated with the subject have had a great deal of impact on the performance of Article 100 and also the lack of ambiguity in construction laws and regulations has had the greatest impact on the performance of Article 100. Among the key factors affecting the performance of the Article 100 Commission in Yazd, the lack of ambiguity in construction laws and regulations has had the greatest impact on the performance of Article 100, Also, the lack of comprehensiveness and transparency in the criteria and even directives and the vacuum of a separate management are selected in the municipal charters as the most effective factors in the performance of Article 100. The most critical factor in the performance scenarios of the 100 article is the two factors of lack of knowledge and information in the field of urban rights by the executives and the lack of coordination and organizational management of urban projects with a mean of -0.66, Next up is the key factor of urban development unit management with an average of -0.6, and it shows that there was a lack of integrated urban management in the good and bad performance of the 100 Commission. Continued factor of serious failures in the urban construction control section with an average of -0.44 indicates weak control of urban construction, which has had a major impact on the unsuccessful performance of the 100 Commission. Accordingly, for the desirable performance of the 100th Yazd Commodity Commission, the following are suggested: Reducing the process of considering construction fines as a source of income for the municipality, Identify construction violations as crimes, Integrated urban management and reducing the lack of coordination and organizational segmentation of urban management, The formation of a separate management for the 100 item in the municipal organization chart, Increasing Comprehensiveness and Transparency in Terms and Sectors, Eliminating old laws and reducing the legal misuse by internal and external elements of urban management, Increasing the capacity needed to increase the knowledge of executives and reduce legal abuses, Increasing volition in the municipality to reduce legal uncertainties and reduce lack of coordination, Increasing will to reduce inter-organizational and managerial disparities at the municipality level and higher levels.

Infraction means any violation of laws, rules and urban development and building regulations. In spite of penalties considered in article 100 of Iran's municipal laws for such infractions, with the boom in construction and prevalence of sale of density in cities, building infractions has increased. So, due to large number of building infractions which occur in the cities of our country and damages resulted from these infractions on cities body, it is necessary to study this problem and its causes and motivations. Hence, the aim of the current study is consideration of building infractions conditions over urban regions in Shiraz and its causes and motivations. The method of research is descriptive- analytical and causal which is performed using library- documental and field study. The number and type of building infractions was extracted from the files of the secretariat of the commission on article 100. Results show that in regions where there is boom in land market and housing (region 1 and 6), because of profit resulted from infractions for owners, private builders and municipality; surplus density and land use change infractions has been high. On the other hand, in the regions where economic-social situation is not suitable and profit resulted from infractions is equal to or lower than municipality punishment, infraction is low. Instead, the violations related to illegal construction, excessive advance and removal of parking can be seen in these regions (region 7, 9, 10 and 11). Therefore, precise monitoring of municipalities on constructions, raising citizen's awareness and paying more attention to poor strata in urban policy making can be useful in the reduction of building infractions.

In this study, the spatial analysis of building violations in the period 93-1388 was arranged. Research methods analytical and Tvsh Ay it is applied. The required data were collected through documentary and field studies. shown, therefore, the sample size is calculated with Cochran formula and 210 people for your special infringement cases referred to the Commission Nmvdh And the material 100 municipalities, were selected by simple random sampling and questionnaire Mhqq made, information is collected and analyzed. The results show that in the period studied, the building violations has been increasing. On the other hand, building violations in the North and East and West Mhdvdh Hay the outskirts of the city, including sectors that are in the path of urban development, urban and horizontal expansion led to Prakndh Rvyy. Also, the opinions issued by the Commission of Article 100 of the present study indicate that the most verdict in the municipal building violations, fines (up 80 percent) were by offenders.

Rent is being defined as a surplus or non-productive profits resulted from inherent or intentional scarcity. Diffrence between inherent or intentional conditions and consumer and transaction values of urban lands have led to creation of "Rent", that is an extravagent profits in housing production sector. Land and housing rent are resulted from location, economical and physical factors as well as management decision makings. Building violations within city are associated with construction activities and measures pertaining to holdings without construction permissions issued by different municipalities. This study aims to investigate the occurances of building violations, land and housing rent to with respect to Sanandaj municipality between 2003- 2011 time period. This city with 35 square kilometers area and 373,987 inhabitants is located in central section in Sanandaj Province in Kordestan state in Iran. Sanandaj city is divided into 3 region, 21 area and 88 neighborhoods. Spatial-physical characteristics of these areas and neighborhoods together is quite different. In generally, Region 1 texture is older and marginalized tissue, Region 2 texture is old, central and modern and Region 3 texture is modern. Thematic studies have been done on the prevalence of informal settlements outside the country (particularly developing countries), but less attention has been building violations of reasons and factors, particularly the impact and relationship management, rent of land and housing and building violations. Limited research has been conducted in this regard, often the size and mix of social causes, economic, technical and administrative violations of the building.
Methodology. This research method is based on field work along with documentation. Data analysis is dealt with descriptive statistics including regression coefficient. This study have been investigated relationship between 24 indicators of building violations (the dependent variable), the price of land and housing (independent variable) and the municipality (moderator variable). The most important indicator of this research are: the number of construction permits, construction permits area, the number of construction permits density of surplus, excess density area construction permits, construction permits surplus area density, spatial distribution of construction permits, construction permits spatial distribution area, the spatial distribution of licenses Construction excess density, spatial distribution of the excess density area of construction permits, construction permits spatial distribution of the excess density area, the number of cases registered in the commission of offenses construction cent, the number of votes violations construction, the number of votes carried by construction violations, violations of building area demolition vote, spatial distribution number of votes by the type of vote, the spatial distribution of votes the demolition area, the spatial distribution of the number of votes conducted by the type of vote, the vote fraud offenses Building, Construction offenses implemented opinions crime rate, crime rate spatial distribution of votes, the votes of the spatial distribution of crime rates implemented, the municipal income from the sale of surplus accumulation, income, crime municipal vote violations of the location, building and construction violations crime rates applied vote. This study suggests that out of 8072 issued building licences in the study period (1973-2011) in Sanandaj, 2886 (35.75%) is associated with 6291 building violations which covers 204294 squer meters. This shows that the bulk of the city's buildings were constructed without following building codes. The total number of building violations took place in Sanandaj in this period, 99/19 % in sector 2, 57/33 % in sector 1 and 43/46 % in sector 3 happened. The total area of the building violations carried out, approximately 204,294 square meters (20 hectares) of which 58 361 m² (56/28 %) of region 1 , 35 052 m² (15/17 %) of region 2 and 110 881 square meters (27/54 %) of the region 3 is concerned. Space areas studied the average price of land and housing in Sanandaj is probably also the fact that the average price of a square meter of land and housing in the section of 3, triple section 1 and section 2 is equal to 5/2. This difference is sent in land and housing prices in the three region of Sanandaj, causing the correlation between the demand for construction and violations of the municipality building profitable and purchased additional density. So that construction activities in the area, has a space fit with the price of land and housing. It further indicates that land rent and housing value, trend in the issuance of housing permits and saling pertaining to creation of extra footages and stories and subsequent earning income by municipality have a determinant role upon this building violations in the study area. The majority of issued permits and licences (98.22%), saling of extra footages and stories occured in region 3 in Sanandaj which is associated with land rent and higher land values. This in turn, resulted in more earned income for municipality. The spatial distribution of the number and area of building violations at an average price of land and housing is in full compliance. In other words, the number of building violations in the area where the price of land and housing is higher. Also, due to the shortage of land supply constraints, mountainous terrain and there are plenty of obstacles to physical development, housing solo, single pattern has shifted to the mass construction and vertical housing production.
By calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, infractions of construction in three regions of Sanandaj in 1382 to 1390, with most indicators of price of land and housing and municipal performance, full correlation and significant relationship. In the meantime, measures the total number of issued building permit and license number of infringers, the total number of licenses issued and the number of licenses infringers containing excess density, and total number of issued licenses containing excess density and total area of building violations are moderate correlation.

Introduction and Background: Construction violations are one of the problems in cities and especially metropolitan developing cities, which cannot easily be solved with an inefficient management system. Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existing situation and the distribution of this phenomenon in Zahedan city with the aim of the pathology of construction and construction violations in the city of Zahedan. According to the studied components and applied nature, the method of this research is descriptive-analytic. The required information is gathered with two methods including literature and library research (books, statistics, and maps) and field study (review of cases of violations from 2005 to 2014). One of the objectives of this research is to show the pattern of dispersion of violations in the city and the leveling of neighborhoods and urban regions. This pattern has been determined using the mean of the nearest neighbor of the distribution pattern of violation. Then, by means of the weighted average model geographical distribution of the neighborhoods, and with the Coopers model, ranking of neighborhoods in the number of violations of construction in the neighborhoods is specified. Finally, GIS software has been used to draw maps. The results show that construction violations in Zahedan are not caused by poverty and in marginal settlements, but also in neighborhoods and legal settlements, and by more people who have sought to escape the law and economic profit. Based on the drawings of the dispersion of construction violations in the city of Zahedan during the 10 year period (2005 - 2014), we find that the first violation was first in region 5, but with the construction of the beautiful city region, construction violations have risen stage by stage and at the end of studied period, district 5 has the most violations. It is noteworthy that 2nd and 3rd municipalities district during the entire year showed similar violations, and since the beginning of the year until 2005 there have been no significant changes in terms of decreasing or increasing violations.

Today, along with population growth and urban development, we are facing with problems including shortage of housing and other welfare services which has been a factor to increase the building violations in cities and Due to lack of adequate supervision on urban constructions،this problem is exacerbated. One of the important issues in cities is building violations that confront and solve it, simply is not possible. One of the possible solutions is an effort to prevent and reduce the occurrence of these violations in cities. In this research by using the data taken from the Department of Architecture and Urban Construction from 1390/1/1 to 1391/7/24, has been investigated the distribution of building violations in the 15 regions of Isfahan City. Purpose of this paper is analyzes the spatial distribution of building violations in the regions of Isfahan City. The research method is, "descriptive – comparative and analysis". Analysis method in this research is comparative analysis of 15 areas of Isfahan and the use of factor analysis and cluster analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that: 1- In the period studied, 1387 to 1391, the rate of the building violations in urban areas of Isfahan increased. 2- According to the violations took place in the city, 52 types of violations have been made that by using the technique of factor analysis was reduced to 8 factors and considering the variables, respectively 8 factors were extracted: height and construction violations, construction document violations, commercial applications violations, extortion violations, violations of vision and nobility, violations of doors and stairs, added manufacturing violations, transform violations. The 8 factors covers the 84/45% of the variance of Society. 3- Most of building violations occurred in the Isfahan city is concerned with the height and construction violations, construction document violations and commercial applications violations.

1. Nowadays, cities are complex environment under the influence of economic, social and political forces. These forces shape and act in the cities through main players including formal forces such as citizens and developers and informal forces such as pressure forces. City environment is historically shaped by these forces depending on socio-political structure of the city. Therefore, cities are always faced with paradoxical forces and values in their sustainable urban development that sometimes got stuck between personal benefits and public gains. In sustainable urban development, the quality of life in city’s environment is considered as the central issue and is defined within protecting ecosystems. This is in a way that guarantees the continuity of citizens’ life with social growth and economic and environmental well-being of human settlements and their interactions with all the residents by preserving sustainable urban environment. The main point of the sustainable development theory is its logical and reasonable attention to relations between elements and constituents of development which leads to preservation and duration of development. In other words, the sustainable urban development regards the five basic indices involving economy, human society and culture, anatomical (physical) environment and management, and administrative practices. Therefore, it is necessary to take social and economic issues into consideration along with environmental, administrative and physical matters. In this regard, ‘Liwot’ argues that much have been neglected to understand the reciprocal effects of processes of sustainable urban development as a type of a complete system. Then, for evaluating the development of urban sustainability, it is required to regard all issues as an integrated matter in a way that all elements and their interrelations and interactions are considered. So, more reliable results are those which are closer to the common parts of these factors. However, an important point is that what is considered as the core element in the sustainable approach and underlies other issues is reasonable land use and having a sustainable plan for it. This is due to the fact that land use is the heart of sustainable discourse. Actually, planning and sustainable management of land use at the beginning of the 21st century is an immediate necessity because of population growth and economic activities leading to increasing pressure on the earth. Therefore, to know and resolve the difficulties in urban land use management, verifying the stability in urban land use is the indispensable point for urban decision-makers. Under the present circumstances, in metropolises and cities like Tehran, if the present urban zones and the future ones continue to change without considering economic, social, managing and environmental needs, the future problems will be inevitable. Reaching sustainable development is the main issue in cities. In order to reach urban sustainable development in geographical environment, the plans and acts of urban institutions should be proportional to their ecologic structure. Therefore, in order for sustainable urban management, urban managers are faced with a variety of problems and containments. One of them is constructional infraction which has great influence on urban physical structure. These infractions are different depending on the above forces. In other words, some forces affected urban management efforts intensively. These forces following their benefits have constructional infraction and break urban development rules while urban management has nothing to do with. This research aims to survey this kind of urban pathology in the field of constructional infraction in a small town of Iran, Babolsar. 2. In general, there are two kinds of methodology in urban issues research; dedicational research and analogical one. Despite of the controversial issues about the fact that historically dedicational research could not help advance the science in a variety of fields, in most of the researches these two approaches has been applied. In this article, we attempt to investigate constructional infraction in the city of Babolsar using GIS application in north of Iran. This software is the most useful tools for urban planners in the field of city information analysis such as land use and qualitative maps. Planners have always been involved in developing the communities everyone would want to call home. Originally, this meant designing and maintaining cities and counties through land use regulation and infrastructure support. Thus, using this powerful tool, we produced a variety of thematic maps in order to show spatial division of city and spatial pattern of constructional infraction. We are also going to find out how urban managers could face with these kinds of infractions through real urban policies. Based on the research goal, this research methodology is analytical-descriptive and it has been done using geographic information systems. In doing so, the city is divided into four sections and whole of infractions have been extracted based on the sections. In the next step, the needed table and maps are prepared and have been used. 3. Results show that the main part of Babolsar infractions is in residential land use where it took place in all four divisions of the city. In searching for the main reasons of this situation, we found that the current laws are suffering from inefficiency and lack of supervision system. Finally, establishment of supervision and searching and implementing sustainable and healthy municipalities are among effective solutions. 4. We have tried to clarify one of the main problems in urban spaces, constructional infraction, which has directly affected quality of life of citizens in many cities. This problem has multiple sources in city where many forces playing different roles depending on their power and dominance. Therefore, there are many socio-political and economic forces in the city that play a plenty of roles depending on the fact that which has more power source. Urban managers and planners in such a confusing and complicated atmosphere are faced with hard procedures and processes which their conduction need appropriate and exact approaches. In this article, the results show that main reasons for constructional infraction are domestic laws, disintegration of urban managements, lack of facilities for urban poor classes and lack of night monitoring system. In order to achieve a sustainable path, some strategies have also been proposed as following: paying attention to low-income groups in urban development plans, decreasing dependency on constructional infraction incomes and so on.

Illegal sale of extra building density (footages) and building violations all are being considered as the most important measures regarding urban management rent issues in Tehran, between 1991-2001. This in turn, intensifies the occurrence of building violations and instability regarding to Tehran’s spatial organization during the mentioned decade. This study aims to investigate the type, rate and spatial distribution of building violations and spatial-physical changes in districts of Tehran metropolis. The objective of this paper is to identify and explain the types of urban management functions and their resulting consequences in Tehran metropolis. The distribution pattern of building violations and some of their impacts are the major outcome of this research. This research based on its objective, possesses applied nature at strategic level. This study is based on spatial-structural and analytical approach. The under study area are all constructions in 22 districts of Tehran metropolis. It further supports the application of documentation. Data analysis demands descriptive statistic as well as GIS technique. This study suggests that 59% of all the issued construction permissions are associated with zone 1-5 followed by 67% which pertains to zones 1-7 between 1993-2002. These northern zones possess large holdings, good location, comparative advantage and very beneficial vertical density. About 117028 building licenses contain extra building footage problems. Total area of these violations occurrences has been amounted up to 32710210 meters. The distribution of the extra building footages associated with different zones represents a sharp but regular gradient with north-south direction. Moreover, this study suggests most of the governmental institutions committed violations associated with illegal land possessions as well as construction of illegal land uses in the area of public lands during 1990 decade. In addition, 249 illegal constructions pertaining to public institutions were identified by 2002 out of which 137 (55%) were visited by Tehran's municipalities.
The statistics associated with Tehran's building violations which referred to variance number 1 of 100 municipality law represents a high magnitude and level of violations occurrence during 2000 decade. The total area deal with these building violations inspected by these commissions has been amounted to be 2810559 and 1565644 square meters in 2001 and 2008 respectively. However, some of these types of violations informally resolved without ever referred to this corresponding municipality commissions. Most of these violations are associated with land use changes (56.98%). This is followed by violations pertaining to extra density footages. It is argued that 3.5 violation cases registered against each issued construction license between 1997-2008 in Tehran metropolis. Generally, the issuances of building permits and sale of extra construction density and footages were dealt with market demand and geared toward gaining its resulting rents. These measures and actions were contradicted with Tehran's master plan principles. These violations possess a sharp gradient with north-south directions in Tehran's south and north economic-social basins. These activities are harmful to public interests and simultaneously very beneficial to very small inclusive private group which possess capital and lands. This in turn, is associated with lack of a master plan and subsequent spatial equalization, imbalanced land uses per capita and services and cons equally. Tehran's unsustainable physical development, For instance, Tehran's residential per capita in 1991, 1996, and 2001 has been amounted to be 20.35, 22.51 and 23.88 square meters respectively. This amount is associated with 17.37% growth rate unit during 1990 decade. However, Tehran's residential per capita in 1996 and 2001 have been underestimated and amounted to be 17.8 and 12.8% respectively compared with 1995 estimation (27.39 square meters). Tehran's existing commercial per capita in 2001 (2.05 square meters) compared with previous estimation of 1996 (0.87 square meters) shows 136.44% growth. This has been resulted from change in existing residential unit in central part of Tehran. Tehran's military per capita land use in 2001 (7.50 square meters) compared with the previous estimation of 2006 (1.5 square meters) shows 400.87% growth as well.