جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « corruption perception index » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

The curse of natural resources is an emerging phenomenon that is of interest to economic researchers. The attention of researchers is about the direct effects of resources on economic factors. The subjects of these researches are around axes such as the impact on growth, productivity, and production incentives. In the research conducted, special attention has been paid to how the abundance of resources affects macroeconomic factors such as the Dutch disease; but what is not considered is the investigation and analysis of the side effects of abundant resources on economic, social, and political indicators. One of the side effects of the abundance of resources can be its effect on the spread of economic corruption. In case of an abundance of natural resources, the potential for widespread corruption is created. This research was done in a descriptive and analytical way. It has investigated the relationship between the extent of economic corruption and the abundance of natural resources. To conduct this research, the statistics of selected developing countries in the period of 2000-2021 have been used. The information used in this research is the indicators of the perception of corruption, fuel export of countries, and economic freedom during the research period, which is from reliable sources such as the United Nations, Transparency International, and the Heritage Foundation. Multivariate panel data regression method with random effects has been used to estimate model parameters. The results of this research show that there is a negative and significant relationship between the corruption perception index and the fuel export index of selected countries, so that in the 95% confidence interval, the estimated coefficient of the independent variable is negative 0.01. For economic freedom, it is 0.07, which is in line with the results of other researches in this field. Therefore, it can be stated that the abundance of natural resources has a direct relationship with the extent of economic corruption.

The purpose of this research is to study the effects of democracy and corruption on attracting foreign direct investment in West and East Asia. To do this, a dynamic panel model and generalized method of moments are employed over the period 2009-2018. The results of the estimates for the 13 countries of the West Asia Group indicate a positive and significant relationship between the democracy and foreign direct investment and the existence of a significant negative correlation between corruption and the consumer price index with the foreign direct investment. Also, in this group of countries, the effects of the degree of trade openness, democracy and real exchange rate on foreign direct investment were positive and significant and the effects of corruption and consumer price index were negative and significant. Besides, according to the results of this method for 15 East Asian countries, the corruption and consumer price index had negative and significant effects, and the democracy, corruption, trade openness, economic growth and real exchange rate had positive and significant impacts on foreign direct investment. Therefore, regarding the effect of democracy on attracting foreign direct investment, Jensenchr('39')s theory was approved in both groups of countries, but regarding the effect of corruption on FDI, in East Asia the theory of helping hand of corruption and in West Asia the theory of destructive hand or the corruption was confirmed. According to the results, the impact of these variables on foreign direct investment in the East Asian group was greater than the West Asian group.

The process of economic growth and development depends on the extent to which the national economy interacts with the world economy and is affected by the process of globalization. In this regard, the size of the government has also undergone a great deal of change in the approach of accepting engagement with the issue of globalization and with the anomaly itself has increased the possibility of corruption, especially in developing countries. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of business-financial openness on government size by emphasizing the Corruption Perceptions Index and comparing it in two groups of high-income and low-income countries over the period 2018–2006 using panel data. It is based on the FGLS approach. The findings show that improving the perception index of corruption has led to an increase in the size of government in high-income countries, while in  low-income countries it has reduced the size of government presence in the economy. Moreover, financial freedom has had a greater impact on government size in high-income countries than commercial freedom, and has resulted in a decrease in the size of government, while commercial freedom has no such effect. In the group of low-income countries, improving the perception of corruption, which indicates improved governance quality, has led to a decrease in the size of governments, but the effect of commercial and financial freedom on the size of the positive government reflects the increasing impact of globalization indicators on The size of the government. The findings indicate the asymmetric impact of commercial and financial freedom on government size in high-income countries. In spite of the asymmetric response of the government size in the two income groups to the perception of corruption index, the improvement in this index in the group of low-income countries has been associated with a larger response to the decline in government volume.

In this paper, an attempt is made to investigate de facto the impact of Corruption Perception Index on the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in MENA countries during the period of 2003-2014. To accomplish this task, I have designed an empirical model and estimated it viz-a-viz utilizing the Dynamic Panel Data Approach and General Method of Movement (GMM Estimator), in toto. The results prima facie, indicate that the corruption variable has negative but significant relation with FDI, while the other explanatory variables such as real interest rate, trade openness and per capita GDP have positive and significant effects on FDI, Sine qua non.
Thus, the main policy implication of this paper denotes that the policy makers of these countries and specifically Iran should execute the anti-corruption rules and programs and via ensuring the security of investment, could pave the way to absorb FDI, Ipso facto.

Due to different approaches to study security, there are several different indicators and policy recommendations for each of these approaches and they have different economic effects on societies. In this study the economic effects of traditional and new security approaches are studied by using different indicators, including indicators of the fragility of governments, perceived corruption, peace and military expenditure, for 135 countries in the period 2004 to 2014 and 2008 to 2014 by applying panel data method. The results show that factors of government fragility and military expenditure has negative impact on economic growth. The wider the extent of governments fragility, the less economic growth will be seen in those countries. The Relationship between "Corruption Perception Index" and economic growth shows that economic growth is high in the countries with less corruption in government sector. The study of the relationship between "Global Peace Index" and "government fragility index" with the investment in the countries show that global peace index has a positive impact and government fragility index has a negative impact on investment. In general, we can say the indices based on traditional approaches of security don’t have a positive impact on economic growth and, on the opposite side, the indices based on new approaches toward security have positive relation with economic factors, because they are structure-oriented and consider a wide range of factors leading to insecurity.

Administrative corruption is more or less observed in almost all countries. However, its extent and form vary from one country to another. Presently, administrative and financial corruption is a worldwide problem. The governments worldwide are fully aware of the many damages it causes: it paralyzes the local economies, disrupts the trend of economic development, and threatens democratic institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to fight corruption by identifying and controlling the factors influencing it. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of democracy and property rights on diminishing corruption in the Middle East and North Africa over the period 2003-2012. For this purpose, the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) was used to measure the fall in administrative corruption in these countries. The utilized research model was developed by using econometrics techniques such as Panel Data Unit Root, Panel Data Co-Integration, Fixed Effects Method and Generalized Least Squares Method. The results of this study indicate that democracy and property rights have significant positive effects on CPI (a decrease in corruption) in the studied countries. Economic Development Index (EDI), inflation and saving rate have significant negative effects on CPI (an increase in corruption). Additionally, the human capital has a positive effect on CPI (a decrease in corruption).

The efficiency of the institutions and the level of their effectiveness in trading among the countries are pretty new subjects that have been considered in recent studies. Many researchers believe that the corruption would cause a reduction in trading among the countries. On the other hand some others assume corruption can help to facilitate the transactions process. The main purpose of this paper is to study the effect of corruption on bilateral trade of selected countries in the Middle East between 2002 and 2008 by using gravity model and Panel Data method. We have used Corruption Perception Index in addition to Control of Corruption index as two proxies for studying the effects of corruption on the trade. Based on our results, as one percent reduction in Corruption Perceptions Index would lead to 3.53 percent increase in export in the exporting country. Furthermore one percent reduction of that in a country which imports the goods would induce 2.27 percent increase in trade. JEL Classification Codes: F10, C23