جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تمایل به پرداخت" در نشریات گروه "مدیریت"

The tourist industry is one of the most important sources of economic growth and development and its rapid growth leads to social, economic, and environmental changes. It is necessary to value tourist attractions in an appropriate manner to express the role and importance of tourism and convert it into monetary value. In the present study, the value of recreation was estimated in Dowlatabad Garden using the contingent valuation method (CVM). Also, a logit model was used to investigate factors influencing the willingness of visitors to pay for the improvement and protection of this garden. For this purpose, the Cochrane formula firstly was used to determine the sample size, and then questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were used to collect the data. Regarding results, the variables of monthly income, job, education, vehicles, and the maximum offered amount significantly affect the willingness to pay. But, there is not a significant relationship between willingness to pay and age, gender, and visiting season. The average willingness to pay for each visitor to protect and improve the condition of Dowlatabad Garden was estimated 80,300 Rials. According to the number of annual visitors, the Annual Social Value (ASV) of this historical place was estimated 11,842 million Rials. The results of the present study indicate that the conditional valuation method is efficient for the valuation of non-market goods and services.

Despite the great importance of supplementary health insurance, one of the obstacles to its expansion is that the willingness to pay for it is not known. The disregard for insurance calculations in the law and the supportive views of policy makers in this area have meant that premiums have been set by the insurer and for this reason may not match the costs incurred. With this in mind, the main objective of this article is to identify the factors that influence consumers' willingness to pay for supplementary health insurance and to estimate their willingness to pay.

To achieve these objectives, the library study, expert panel, and discrete choice experiment methods were used along with the common analysis technique.

Based on the results of the qualitative part, eight features were extracted for the health insurance package at four levels. The results of the quantitative part also showed that people in Tehran derive the most benefit from insurance coverage for inpatient services. This benefit is greater for inpatient services in the private sector than in the public sector. In addition, coverage of outpatient services carries more weight in people's preferences than other characteristics. Also, the desirability and willingness to pay for coverage of dental services was significant and for coverage of long-term care, paraclinical services and rehabilitation was rated as moderate. Medical devices have the least benefit to people and the presence of this feature in the supplementary health insurance package has the least impact on people's willingness to pay. The insurance premium also has a negative influence on the choice of supplementary insurance. The results also show that the demographic (topical) and socioeconomic characteristics of the insured can influence people's preferences.

People are most willing to pay for "dental services", "home care" and "numerous medical centers under contract", which should be considered by insurers when drafting policies.

Packaging and consumer reactions to it, is one of the most important issues for marketing researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the consumer reactions to different packaging elements. The present study is a mixed research with an experimental approach. In the quantitative method, experimental research and in the qualitative method, grounded theory is used and the research consists of two designs 2×2×2 and 2×2. The research data were collected from 240 and 120 university students in Tehran. In the qualitative method, a total of 210 codes and 194 coded segments were obtained. Findings indicate that each of the packaging elements examined, independently and interactively can create special reactions in consumers and affect purchase intention and willingness to pay. Moreover, the effects of each of these variables on purchase intention were greater than their effects on willingness to pay. Also the categories of aesthetic effects, psychological effects, claim believability and attention to consumer expectations are of the highest importance in packaging design. Finally, it was found that related picture; ornate typeface, high wavelength color (red color), strong product claim and large number of product image had a greater impact on purchase intention and willingness to pay and were preferable to other packages.

This study aims to determine whether understanding the basic motivations of a veteran consumer can help determine the mechanisms for willingness to pay online. To achieve this, a simulated purchase on a fictitious e-commerce site for a consumer product (called a "new entry" or "classic") was used to measure the effects of two basic motivations (ie, achieving a colleague versus self-preservation) on the desire to Check product purchase online. The main focus of this article was on examining the capacity of motivation to achieve a partner and self-preservation to balance the relationship between attitudes toward the product and the desire to buy, as well as the effects of motivation on the desire to buy. Through analysis of the effects of interaction and regression, it was shown that the underlying motivation to reach a partner is directly related to increased willingness to buy in both types of products and balances the relationship between product attitude and willingness to buy. Self-preservation motivation increases the desire to buy classic products rather than new entries. With a brief look at the underlying motivation in the consumer domain and potentially, the first research on the effects of modulating underlying motivations, the results mainly support the concept of predictable motivation resulting from behavioral tendencies.

Gardening and tourist village of Baghestan, due to its variety of attractions, is one of the most important tourist parks in the Alborz province. Therefore, studying recreational value can be effective in predicting the needs and shortages and development of tourism in this village. This study determines the recreational value of Baghestan village and the willingness to pay visitors by using a conditional valuation method and a two-dimensional dual choice questionnaire. The statistical population of this study consisted of 150 village visitors who were selected based on available sampling method. Logit model was used to investigate the effect of explanatory variables on the rate of visitors' willingness to pay. The results showed 73.3% of the respondents were willing to pay for recreational use of the village and average willingness to pay for recreational value of this village was calculated to be 16914.4 Rials per visit. Its total annual recreational value was estimated to be 11,840,080,000 Rials. The variables of the proposed rate of payment and the cost of transportation each time, had a negative effect on the variables of park quality, marital status, duration of study per week, environmental trends and gender, had a positive effect on willingness to pay. The results show that people are aware of the importance of forest parks and natural spaces and there is a significant willingness to pay which can help officials in planning and managing the village.

The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of country of origin, nationalism, and perceived risk on the price that Iranian consumers tend to pay for products of different origin. And we estimate the willingness to pay different countries (countries with a positive image of country of origin such as Germany and countries with a negative image of country of origin such as China) in different commodity categories, including refrigerators, sneakers and car tires. The effect of nationalism and perceived risk has been measured as the mediating variable. present study is a descriptive-survey research method, and in terms of purpose, is a developmental-applied research. Also, this research was done using questionnaire. It was distributed to staff and visitors to the National Library. Data collected from 179 questionnaires were analyzed. The results of data analysis and hypothesis testing showed that the country of origin of goods has an impact on the price potential of the products and Iranian consumers tend to pay 20 to 40 percent more money for German-made goods than Iranian-made goods. And Up to 40 percent less money for Chinese-made goods than Iranian-made goods.

Tourism-baed development would only takes place if local communities are provided with the revenues earned from visiting tourists who are willingly pay for tourism services offered. This study, therefore, sought to investigate the willingness of toursits visiting the villages of Shandiz city in Binalood town to pay for tourism services offered there. Being a descriptive-analytic research, the study used conditional evaluation method and logit model to measure the pay willingness rate. Vikor model was also employed to identify the spatial differences among the tourists in terms of their willingness to pay for the services they received. The population of the study comprised of eleven villages which were visited throughout 2018 by 96 visitors who were selected as the participants of the study according to Cochran formula with 0.1 error rate. The results of the stusy indicate that tourists tends to spend an average of 776540 Rials (equal to 6 USD) in the villages they visit. Taking the the total willingness of the visiting tourists to pay for the services for a full day into account, commercial facilities, catering, recreation, and residential facilities were the most willingly paid services respectively. Moreover, based on the Vikor model, tourists spend more money in Virani village as more services are offered there in terms of restaurant, catering, and residential facilities.
 

In recent decades, the quality of ecosystems and the environment have been considered as commodities in economic theories. The functions, goods and services of ecosystems are often very valuable, but due to the lack of exchange in the markets, their correct economic value is not taken into account in the national accounting calculations, which exacerbates the destruction of these resources. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the recreational value of Mishan Plain and measuring the willingness to pay individuals with a contingent valuation approach to visit this plain. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the recreational value of Mishan Plain and measuring the willingness to pay individuals with a contingent valuation approach to visit this plain. To investigate the factors affecting the willingness to pay visitors, the logit model was used and the required data were collected by completing 112 questionnaires by random sampling from visitors of Mishan plain in 2014. According to the results of the survey, the average willingness to pay for each visit was estimated at 12595.4 Rials. Also, the results of Logit model estimation showed that the variables of education and income have a positive and significant effect, and gender and household dimensions have a significant negative effect on the willingness to pay visitors from Mayshan plain.

Given the advancements in information and communication technologies, many tourists prefer to collect tourism destination information through electronic word-of-mouth communications. This paper aimed to present a model for investigating the effect of online word-of-mouth communications on travel intention. The statistical population of this study included inbound tourists who traveled to Tehran in September 2016. A sample of 200 tourists was selected conveniently. To collect data, a researcher-developed questionnaire (including 24 questions) was used. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were examined and confirmed. Findings showed that online word-of-mouth communications affected tourism destination image and that tourism destination image significantly affected both the trust in tourism destination and the intention to travel. The trust in tourism destination significantly affected the travel intention for the destination. Also, online word-of-mouth communications had significant effects on the trust in tourism destination and the travel intention directly and indirectly

The purpose of this paper is to investigate The Attitude of consumers about green hotels: how a green hotel image can influence Willingness to pay and Revisit intention.

A quantitative research methodology using a questionnaire has been proposed. To test the model developed we used the Structural equations model (SEM) approach. As noted, all constructs were assessed using 5-point Likert type scales.

The consumers using hotel services are conscious about environmentally friendly practices in IRAN. They patronize the hotels that have adapted green practices though not compromising on service quality. The consumers would prefer to use lodging that follows these practices with willing to pay extra for these services. Also attitude of consumers about green hotels that effect on positive word of mouth and revisit intention.

Changing lifestyle and consumption pattern being the aftermath of population and urbanization growth, is putting a strain on environment and sustainable development. When concerns increase, consumption behavior and production program might be the way of protecting environment and resources for next generation. The consumption value perceptions are identified in the study as the drivers of sustained green product consumption and intention to pay the green price premium using the theory of consumption values. Environmental attitude, contextual factors and consumer innovativeness are included as the first-order constructs. Research method is descriptive survey. Data was collected randomly through390 people of Tehran people based method using structured questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied for testing the hypothesized model. .

In this study, the willingness to pay approach has been employed by using studies done in developed countries. The willingness to pay method measures the value of life in terms of values for which people are willing to pay for reducing risks threatening their lives. This study has been conducted with the aim of investigating the employment of the willingness to pay method and designing relevant questionnaires. Two usable methods, i.e., obvious preference and expressive preference are taken into account in the willingness to pay approach. From among these two methods, the obvious method is highly applicable and people's safety is questioned by using questionnaires directly or indirectly. The use of conditional valuation is a known method for estimating willingness to pay, and in this study, open-ended questionnaires were used. To this end, the number of 400 people was considered and two in-person interview and phone contact ways were employed. The findings suggested that, by summing up all items of costs along with human capital method, the economic load arising from traffic casualties in Iran was estimated to be over 4 billion dollars in 2011. By reducing the value of willingness to pay in 2013 (equivalent to 65000 dollars for each person) to that of 2010 by using the medium inflation rate, the value of this cost is estimated for 30000 dollars for each person in 2010. The overhead value of 53%based on the willingness to pay approach relative to the human capital method is much similar to the findings of international studies including infrastructure, transportation and regional economy bureau in Australia.

Avicenna Mausoleum, located in Hamedan province is one of the important tourism areas in Iran, as evaluating of tourism value of this place could be useful in predicting needs, remove scarcities and development of tourism. The aim of this research is to estimate the Non-use and tourist value of Avicenna Mausoleum with the use of contingent valuation method. For investigating effective variables on willingness to pay of individuals, logit model estimated with the use of Doublebounded Dichotomous Choice approach. Requested data set were obtained by completing questionnaires and interviewing of 208 individuals who visited mentioned place in year 2014. Results revealed that 78.5 percents of individuals were ready for paying as a use of the mentioned place. Also, results showed that variables include age, amount of pleasure, monthly revenue and bid had a significant effect on probability of willingness to pay of individuals. Mean willingness to pay for each visitor per year was 24324 RLs and annual tourist value of Avicenna Mausoleum was estimated 6810720000 RLs.

Nowadays, the natural sources as a main ecotourism assets confront with various challenges. Thus, evaluation of eco-tourist regions and bio ecology functions in the course of decisions – making and economic policies is accounted as a most important branches of development and planning of tourism industry. The recreational region of Rudbar Qasran is one of the ecotourism attractions of Shemiranat division located on Tehran and is accounted as one of tourism destinations. Thus, to study it’s ecotourism value could be effective in predication of demands and provision of defects as well as in development of tourism.The research method is descriptive and the aim of the present research is to estimate ecotourism value of Rudbar Qasran via conditional valuation. Through Logit model and binary choice the effect of factors which affecting willingness of tourists to spend to visit touristic attractions of the region. The questionnaire The average willingness to pay by the tourists is about 7100 Rials for any household for use of tourism services of Rudbar Qasran and with regard to this level, the average recreational value of services and facilities of given region is estimated to 3550 million Rials. Thus, concerning to high value of given region, should be paid more attention to development of tourism and promotion of visitor’s accommodations by planners.

In today's rapidly changing and highly competitive market, organizations are always looking for new ways to gain and maintain competitive advantage. For this reason, the brand personality as a prominent issue is discussed and marketing activities with the aim of having customers who believe brand character and distinguish and prefer it from competitors and as well as strengthening communication between brands and customers, to enhance brand identity has been done. Trade marks has an important strategic role in achieving competitive advantage and strategic management decisions of companies. As customer take identity with the name and trademarks will be a suitable criterion for assessing the long-term effects of marketing decisions. Companies for growth and expansion in the market should be aware of their trade name and their role in creating identity among customers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of consumer brand identity mediator in the process of consumer brand personality congruency effect on behavioral intentions after purchase. This study is applied and descriptive. To do this, a sample of 384 was selected based on the sampling area and to collect data, a questionnaire was used (in this study the consumers choice and was considered Calais dairy products). The reliability and validity was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. The conceptual model was measured by using structural equation model structure and path analysis section. Finally, by increasing the perceived similarity between the consumer and the brand, the customer feels common identity with the brand. Therefore, attention to communication messages and other aspects such as style, tone and character actors are essential.

Factors influencing price fairness and its impact on consumer behavior is one of the most important topics in pricing which can have significant impact on consumers in their attitude toward the organization. In this paper, the impact of price fairness on loyalty, willingness to pay and complain and revenge intention of customers in internet access services industry has been tested. The data have been analyzed using SPSS and Lisrel. The results show that if the customers find out that increasing the prices is out of the control of the organization, they accept it and will advertise it through word of mouth in social media and among friends. Furthermore, they will continue using the services despite slight increase in prices. However, if they consider the prices unfair, it will result in complain and revenge intention. This paper helps managers to make apt decisions in time of price change.

price fairnessone of themost important issues inthe field ofpricingand it has great influenceoncustomerbuyingbehavior. However، in Iran and Wordfewresearchershave addressed to this topic. Thisstudy was undertaken aimedto assessment antecedents and consequences of price fairness. Forthispurpose have used conceptual model based on attritional theory. Survey''s data was collected by questionnaire with random sampling. Collected data was analyzed regarding to the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM); in order to do which Lisrel and Spss software was used. Research hypothesis proposed based on past investigations and all of the hypothesiswas confirmed. The result of the data analysis revealed that: emotional response and cognitive attribution influenced directly price fairness but price comparison influenced inversely price farness and It was also revealed that while price fairness directly influenced favorable behavioral intentions (behavioral loyalty and willingness to pay)، it also influenced unfavorable behavioral intentions (e. g. revenge and complaining behavior).

Caused changes and evolutions in earth sphere climates and more and more pollutions of cities especially metropolises، make it necessary to review and change production and consumption plans and in this way، green products consumption instead of current non-green products is seen as one way of protecting and improving environment for next generations. Present research with objective of offering solutions to persuade consumers to purchase and use green products has identified and suggested new and comprehensive model of effective factors on consumers'' attitude and green purchase intention. This research is descriptive-surveying type and its statistical society is Allameh Tabataba''i University students that data is gathered by questionnaire from 402 people. In order to analyze data، structural equation modeling (SEM)، confirmative function analysis (CFA)، hierarchical regression، One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and T test with two independent samples have been used. Data analysis results show positive and significant effect of “environmental attitudes”، “health consciousness”، “environmental knowledge” and “collectivism” variables on “attitude toward green products”، but “interpersonal influences” on attitude toward green products was not significant. Moreover، results showed that attitude toward green products has positive and significant effect on “green products purchasing intention” and variables of “willingness to pay” and “product perceived necessity” have been known as mediator and moderator variables، respectively. Finally، according to achieved results، solutions have been suggested to influence on consumers attitude and consequently persuade them to buy green products.

In this study, willingness to pay (WTP) of the visitors of "shahre sukhte" has been determined with the use of conditional valuation method (CVM) and dichotomous choice questionnaire. Willingness to pay is calculated with Logit model, and the parameters of the model are estimated by maximum likelihood method. Results revealed that 58% of the research sample were willing to pay for their visit to "shahre sukhte". The average willingness to pay for each visit to the place equaled to 6563 Rials and the total recreational value was estimated to be more than 1292 Million Rials per year. Additionally, it was indicated that variables of age, income, Antiquities-related occupations or fields of study, and the perceived importance of protection of historical collections, had significant effects on willingness to pay. The influencing factors on willingness to pay were related to the importance of historical collections protection, occupation or field of study associated with the Antiquities, family size, age and income, respectively.