جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Fuzzy Delphi » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

This research aims to identify the consequences of knowledge hiding and develop a structural model and the causal relationships between them using a mixed method. Research methodology is pragmatic paradigm in terms of research philosophy with integrated approach, the first phase is qualitative and the second phase is quantitative, it is also survey in terms of research strategy. The statistical population of the qualitative section includes 34 articles out of 45 related to the period 2000 to 2023 and related to the consequences of knowledge hiding. In the quantitative part of the research, the statistical population included 10 experts in the field of knowledge management. In the first phase, data was obtained from the content analysis of articles related to knowledge hiding, in which 16 consequences of knowledge hiding were identified. In the second step, fuzzy Delphi was adopted in order to select the most important ones and finally 8 factors were identified. In the next step, the structural model of these factors was developed using the interpretive structural modeling method. By using Micmac analysis, the factors were classified based on driving and dependence power. At the end, the fuzzy DEMATEL method was adopted in order to analyze the causal relationships between the factors. The results showed that lack of empowerment is the most important consequence of knowledge hiding, and lack of creativity and innovation, low quality of decision-making, lack of organizational commitment, job dissatisfaction, lack of organizational development, poor performance and turnover intentions are other consequences of knowledge hiding.

The objective of this study was to design a systemic relationship model for value enhancement from the perspective of sustainable development in construction project management.  

This research employs a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative) conducted in three phases. In the first phase, a systematic review of scientific documents was performed using a meta-synthesis qualitative approach, leading to the identification of 9 major themes and 50 sub-themes. The thematic model was then localized into 48 sub-themes within 9 main themes using the fuzzy Delphi method. In the second phase, the localized model was converted into a questionnaire and distributed among experts. The collected data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In the third phase, the internal relationships between the themes were examined, and the final systemic relationship model was developed.  

The findings revealed that key themes such as value governance quality, continuous evaluation and feedback, communication quality, knowledge management, and coordination within the supply chain play a crucial role in enhancing sustainable value in construction projects. These factors contribute significantly to improving project performance in achieving sustainability goals.  

This study demonstrates that value enhancement from the perspective of sustainable development in construction project management requires attention to a set of critical factors that can improve project performance in sustainability. The proposed systemic relationship model can serve as an effective managerial tool for promoting sustainable value in construction projects.

IntroductionHuman resources in organizations, by sharing their knowledge, attitude, ideas and experiences, are the most essential factors in moving the cycles of the organization, the expertise and capabilities of human resources can make organizations flexible. Make it acceptable and realize strategic goals in challenging conditions (Dudokh, 2020). Knowledge sharing is a behavior in which a person voluntarily provides his knowledge, expertise and experiences to other actors inside and outside the organization (Hosseinpour, Qurbani and Vishalghi, 2018). Thus, self-censorship is a phenomenon that hinders the transfer and sharing of knowledge (Hamari et al., 2017). Self-censorship of employees is a deliberate and voluntary action that employees refrain from disclosing when they have information, and it increases the tendency of employees to provide false information (Bartel, 2017).Organizational self-censorship is a dangerous obstacle for organizational change and transformation and hinders the development of pluralistic organizations. Self-censorship in organizations can have harmful effects on the decision-making and change process (Hamari et al., 2017). The issue of organizational self-censorship and efforts to solve it are very important and require the serious attention of managers of organizations. This phenomenon can be effective in learning and discovering errors, reduce organizational effectiveness and cause pessimism and dissatisfaction among employees, so it is necessary to address this important issue.Also, due to the existence of a theoretical gap in the field of self-censorship, it is necessary to carry out research in this field and solve this existing theoretical gap. Considering the scope of the research problem and the need to use strategies to counter self-censorship, this research aims to identify and explain the antecedents and consequences of self-censorship of employees in Urmia government organizations. Research MethodsThe current research is in the field of combined and inductive-comparative research, in such a way that it is done qualitatively-quantitatively. The purpose of this research is applied and descriptive-survey. Due to the fact that the current research is a hybrid one, the tools and methods used in the qualitative and quantitative sections are expressed separately. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part consists of management and psychology professors. In this regard, using the purposeful sampling method, 16 professors were selected as samples. The sample size was determined using the principle of theoretical saturation in such a way that the interview process ended with the sixteenth participant. The tool for collecting information in the qualitative part of the research is a semi-structured interview, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using the CVR coefficient and the Kappa-Cohen test, respectively. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative part is the middle and senior managers of Urmia government organizations, which was determined using the non-probability sampling method with a sample size of 32 people. In the quantitative part of the research, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used, whose reliability was confirmed by retesting and its validity by content validity. In the fuzzy Delphi approach, questionnaires are distributed and collected in two stages and at different times. Therefore, based on the average difference of de-fuzzification and compatibility rate, reliability can be checked. If the difference of the de-fuzzified average is less than 0.1, it can be said that the questionnaire has the necessary reliability, and according to the result of the de-fuzzified average in two stages, it can be said that the questionnaire has the necessary reliability.ResultsBased on the results of the antecedents and factors affecting the self-censorship of employees in government organizations, organizational climate, maintaining the current position, fear of losing the job position, low job motivation, organizational structure based on bureaucracy, common perceptions, prioritizing individual interests, time monopolies, Weakness in effective communication, lack of effective cooperation, protection of the reputation and identity of the organization, compatibility with values and norms, harmony with the crowd, expediency of employees, lack of responsibility, lack of security. The results containing the identification of the consequences of self-censorship of employees show that the decrease in enthusiasm of employees, increase in stress, decrease in happiness in the organization, decrease in individual performance and efficiency, decrease in organizational agility, decrease in organizational productivity, employee dissatisfaction, job burnout, The difference in human resources hinders entrepreneurship in the organization, ineffective decisions, increases the desire to leave the service, hinders development and transformation, reduces trust in the organization, reduces timely reactions, and lacks learning. Also, the findings of the research show that the organizational atmosphere, fear of losing job position, conformity with the crowd, lack of security, expediency of employees and maintaining the current position are among the most important antecedents and factors affecting self-censorship of employees in organizations. They are government. In addition to this, factors such as lack of organizational changes, increased stress, reduced organizational productivity, reduced organizational agility, reduced individual performance and efficiency, and increased desire to leave the service of employees are among the most important consequences or consequences of self-censorship of employees in government organizations. ConclusionDutiful and authoritarian organizational atmosphere is the most important factor that creates self-censorship of employees. Spreading the culture of knowledge sharing and increasing employee participation, which is basically not a process that can be realized all at once, can lead to increasing the participation of human resources and knowledge sharing among employees. Therefore, it is necessary to spread and strengthen the culture of participation and knowledge sharing in organizations in order to become the basis for increasing creativity in the organization. By organizing brainstorming sessions, organizations challenge employees and increase participation and interactions between work groups, which leads to innovation and creativity, all of which lead to increased organizational learning, increased courage and boldness of employees in stating the truth and adopting Strategies to prevent self-censorship will be provided to employees.

Investment in the construction industry can only cause economic growth and achieve economic results when capital injection and housing production are targeted and ultimately lead to housing consumption; because if the imported funds are not directed to the building sector, the final price of housing will increase and will make real consumers less able to buy. Therefore, the entry of liquidity into the construction industry requires formulation of strategy and policy in order to increase the growth rate of housing. Also, risk management and knowing its key components lead to reducing construction costs and creating a more appropriate price in the construction industry. The aim of the current research is to know the dimensions and components of risk management in Iran's construction industry with a fuzzy Delphi approach with interpretive structural modeling and DEMATEL technique.

The current research method is exploratory and the goal is to answer the research questions. In terms of the type of research, it is practical because its results are used for risk management in Iran's construction industry. The method of the current research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative dimension, using the fuzzy Delphi method, it has identified the dimensions and components of risk management in the construction industry in Iran. In the quantitative dimension, by using interpretative structural modeling technique and DEMATEL, by using surveys of experts and university professors, it has been done to stratify and examine the intensity of relationships between dimensions.

The results show that at the lowest level of the model (level three), the risk dimension of political factors is placed, which acts as the cornerstone of the model and to achieve risk management in projects. Iran's construction should start from this factor. Also, the results of examining the intensity of relationships between dimensions with Dimetal show that the social risk dimension is the most effective dimension, has the highest numerical value based on the row sum (D), and thus, with the most influential dimension among the investigated dimensions of risk management in Iran's construction industry has been identified. Also, according to (D-R), the lowest value, the risk dimension of laws and regulations, is the most effective dimension of risk management in Iran's construction industry.

Originality/Value:

 The current research is new in terms of the subject area, i.e. in the field of the construction industry of Iran, and in terms of the location area, i.e. companies active in the field of the construction industry of New Tehran. The research gap that creates the space for innovation in the current research, according to the perspective of soft operations research, which is a tool for creating complex and new problems, is the use of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and DEMATEL. Less research has been done on leveling and examining the intensity of impact and effectiveness of the components of risks in the construction industry.

To achieve their goals, organizations need to consider several factors, one of the most important of which is organizational participation. Isfahan Governorate, in line with its organizational mission, tries to provide quality services with a central program through encouraging increased participation of employees and taking advantage of their opinions and suggestions. Hence, the current research is aimed to present a model for increasing employee participation in Isfahan Governorate. To this end, 54 influencing factors regarding employee participation were extracted through the review of research literature. The intended research community consisted of all the employees and managers of Isfahan Governorate, and 21 senior managers of the organization who were recruited through convenience samling and their opinions were analyzed using the fuzzy Delphi method. The final factors were codyfied in 7 dimensions of leadership, job satisfaction, performance evaluation, clear goal setting and policy making, organizational culture, human resource measures and organizational structure. The conceptual model and the relationship of the factors were presented using the DEMATEL method. The conceptual model with the addition of employee participation as a dependent variable was quantitatively investigated using the structural equation modeling method. The results revealed that there is a positive significant relationship between leadership and human resources measures; leadership and organizational structure; organizational structure, goal-setting and policy-making; human resources measures and organizational culture; organizational culture and performance evaluation; goal-setting and policy-making component and performance evaluation; performance evaluation component and job satisfaction; and job satisfaction and employee participation.

Ethical entrepreneurship is one of the most important effective factors in promoting productivity and progress in industries. The purpose of this study is to design a model of ethical entrepreneurship from the perspective of Islamic values. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. To identify the dimensions and components of the ethical model, the background and theoretical foundations of the research were first reviewed and then the dimensions and components of the ethical entrepreneurship model were identified using the fuzzy Delphi method. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire has been confirmed by experts and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaires is 79 percent, which shows a good level of reliability. The experts of this study consisted of 20 experts who were selected using snowball method. The model designed in this study includes four dimensions: individual level (cognitive processes, responsibility, individual commitment of entrepreneurs and individualism), organizational level (dynamic ability of the organization and competitive market), macro business environment (positive attitude towards service, positive attitude towards vendor, positive attitude towards the brand and positive attitude towards goods) and business ethics in Prophets' tradition and the Hadiths (Elements in accordance with the Holy Qur'an, and Hadiths). The results of qualitative content analysis and quantitative analysis show that whereas the dimensions of business ethics in Prophets’ tradition and hadiths with mean rank of 2.63 are the first priority, the dimensions of organizational level with an average rank of 2.55, the dimensions of the macro business environment with an average rank of 2.43 and the individual dimensions with an average rank 2.40 are the next priorities.

Despite the presentation of models of consumer nationalism, its various dimensions and components are still not well understood. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors, components and consequences of consumer nationalism with emphasis on resistance economics and consequently provide a conceptual model based on it. To conduct this research, in addition to in-depth study using meta-combination method to identify the factors, components and consequences of consumer nationalism, fuzzy Delphi technique and using the opinions of 25 experts to refine the factors and components have been used. The survey was conducted in four stages and the results of each stage were refined using fuzzy Delphi method formulas. Finally, the model of consumer nationalism with emphasis on resistance economy with 37 components and in the form of 5 influential factors of psychological factors, marketing mix factors, social factors, resistance economy factors and political factor was designed as a proposed model for consumer nationalism and Emphasis has been placed on the resistance economy, so that in our country, while analyzing the current situation and effective and successful mining in the field of development of consumer nationalism, to provide plans and measures to improve.

BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges are very important as one of the appropriate methods for transportation infrastructure development in cities. Considering the economic and financial effects on these projects, it is vital to know and analyze the factors affecting the pricing of these projects. The purpose of this article is to identify and rank the factors affecting the pricing of BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges.

The research approach is quantitative and practical. The statistical population includes the managers and experts of the Road Maintenance & Transportation Organization and university professors specializing in this field. Fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify factors and BWM was used to prioritize them.

By reviewing the literature, 40 factors were extracted from previous studies, and based on the fuzzy Delphi results, after three rounds of expert opinion polls, 31 factors affecting the pricing of BOT projects for the construction of suburban pedestrian bridges were identified and classified into five groups, then using BWM are rated in overall and their group.

The overall ranking showed that the most important factors are the costs of pedestrian bridge construction, maintenance and operation, and equipment and personnel. The ranking in groups also showed that the main factors were ranked as the factors related to costs, contract setting, project, government, and the private sector. These results can help decision makers in this field to make the best decisions in the pricing process of similar projects.

Reforming the administrative system and government management involves a systematic and integrated effort; in such a way that effective changes can be made in the public administration system and its ability to achieve national progress can be increased. This research has been conducted with the aim of providing an organizational improvement model in Iran's government organizations (case study: National Iranian Oil Company). The research is of mixed exploratory type. At first, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were compiled from the Meta-Synthesis approach. In the next step, fuzzy Delphi method was used to evaluate, screen and localize the model. In the last part of the DANP technique, the relationship and their effects were analyzed. The first stage community including 41 articles out of 651 articles (between 1395 and 1402 for domestic articles and 2015 to 2022 for foreign articles) were selected by systematic review and coded by content analysis method. In the second stage; 6 dimensions, 22 components and 88 indicators were validated and localized with the help of 15 experts, and at the last stage, the final model was prioritized with the help of 15 experts. The findings of this research stated that in order to improve the organization in the National Iranian Oil Company, the dimensions of human resources development, business environment, organizational culture, organizational health, social responsibility and organizational structure should be considered by the managers of the National Iranian Oil Company.

Nowadays, the development of science and technology parks and improving their performance depends on cooperation with industry and university and communication with the environment and related centers. Hence, it is important to identify cooperation network and networking indicators in science and technology parks. The purpose of this research is to identify the indicators of networking in science and technology parks. The method of the current research is qualitative and in it three methods of metacomposition, fuzzy Delphi and Dimetal were used. A search was made in Persian and English databases and 10 related studies were identified and analyzed. In order to verify the networking indicators extracted from the theoretical literature, 13 experts and managers of Pardis Technology Park were surveyed and the indicators were confirmed by the experts using the fuzzy Delphi method. In order to draw the causal model of the relationships between the indicators, DEMATEL method was used. The data was analyzed using Excel software. The results showed that networking in science and technology parks has 15 indicators, such as improving the level of products, information, increasing market share, goals and creating value. According to experts, the market share increase index is the first priority and organizational learning is the last. Drawing the causal model of networking showed that indicators such as management, organizational learning, information and knowledge are effective indicators. Indicators such as new product development, market opportunity creation, relationships and opportunity exploitation are also effective indicators in the networking of science and technology parks.

Nowadays, the development of science and technology parks and improving their performance depends on cooperation with industry and universities and communication with the environment and related centers. Hence, it is important to identify cooperation network and networking indicators in science and technology parks. The ultimate mission of technology parks is to be able to coordinate the results obtained from academic research with the needs of the industry and thus fill the gap between the industry and the university, and this will ultimately lead to the commercialization of knowledge. One of the major influential factors in changing the approach of science and technology parks and creating new structures and mechanisms is the birth of new concepts such as networking in the field of business. The purpose of business networking is to increase competition, cooperation and organizational expansion. Considering the importance of these centers and the impact of networking on their performance, it is essential to identify the indicators of networking in science and technology parks. So far, many researchers have investigated the relationship between science and technology parks and other actors in the innovation ecosystem, but few researchers have focused only on the indicators of park networking. In this regard, this research aims to identify the factors influencing the networking of science and technology parks and to evaluate the cause-and-effect relationships between these factors by using the method of a systematic review of previous studies (super combination) and a survey of experts. This question should answer what are the indicators of networking in science and technology parks.

Paztto and Burin's research (2022) indicates that management control systems are effective in inter-organizational cooperation and identification of companies. This system promotes collaborative behaviors among companies related to science and technology parks. Networking and inter-organizational partnership ultimately lead to knowledge and information sharing, increasing flexibility, improving problem-solving strategies and limiting the use of power. The research of Glitova et al. (2022) showed that for cooperation and networking between industry, university and the public sector, attention should be paid to indicators such as knowledge creation by universities, research and development centers and businesses, technology transfer, creation of new businesses, industrial clusters, Business support services, customization, building the necessary infrastructure and equipment, and legal requirements at the local level are required. The research of Khan-Mirzaei et al. (2021) showed that networking and emphasizing cooperation and communication between science and technology parks and growth centers can lead to gaining a competitive advantage for the national economy. Communication with universities and research and development centers, cooperation with companies that have a similar field of work, access to the information flow and access to the information needed in the market, or in other words, the market situation, are among the factors that create a cooperation network between Science and technology, industry, university parks are important. In confirmation of this issue, Cadorin et al. (2019) stated that talent resources and the government play an important role in promoting cooperation between science and technology parks and universities. Managers of science and technology parks should strengthen their relationship with local universities and the student community (as sources of talent) and pay attention to their relations with government representatives to receive the necessary support for the development of the park.

The method of the current research is qualitative and in it, three methods of Meta-synthesis, Fuzzy Delphi and DEMATEL were used. A search was conducted in Persian and English databases and 10 related studies were identified and analyzed. To verify the networking indicators extracted from the theoretical literature, 13 experts and managers of Pardis Technology Park were surveyed and the indicators were confirmed by the experts using the Fuzzy Delphi method. To draw the causal model of the relationships between the indicators, DEMATEL method was used. The data was analyzed using Excel software.

In this research, a set of 62 codes and 15 indicators was obtained by extracting concepts effective on park networking from previous qualitative research. The main indicators include improving the level of products, and information, increasing market share, goals (park goals, socio-economic and environmental goals), creating value, exploiting the opportunities available in the park, optimizing resources, and developing new products, Knowledge includes the knowledge of the market-partners and co-creation of knowledge, the international and commercial performance of the park, creating opportunities through the market, management, the need for resources and operational resources, creating and developing relationships and organizational learning. According to experts, the market share increase index is the priority and organizational learning is the last. The indicators of relationships, value creation, resources, market opportunities, goals, management, knowledge, exploiting opportunities, resource optimization, performance, upgrading products, information and new product development are ranked second to fourteenth respectively. Indicators of management, organizational learning, information, knowledge, goals, resources, and upgrading of products are effective indicators. New product development, creating market opportunities, and relationships, exploiting opportunities, optimizing resources, creating value, and increasing market share and performance are also influential indicators in the networking of science and technology parks.

The review of the subject literature showed that paying attention to the indicators obtained in this research can lead to networking in science and technology parks. For example, the implementation of the indicators of improving the level of products, increasing market share, park goals, creating value, exploiting opportunities, knowledge, creating market opportunities, relations between actors, organizational learning and technical and human resources in Nihu Technology Park and Nankang Software Park in Taipei City. Networked. Researchers have pointed out various actors in the cooperation network of science and technology parks. The review of the texts in the meta-synthesis stage showed that each of the sources identified one to three actors based on their purpose. What was tried to be considered in this research was the gathering and consensus of all actors and their placement in the form of networking indicators such as increasing market share, resources and management. Among the new findings of this research, we can mention the type of causal relationships that are established between the indicators of networking in science and technology parks. Most researchers have not paid attention to these relationships and have focused more on the relationship between the park and variables such as innovation, performance, development, etc. However, the identification of networking behavior and the type of communication between the elements of this ecosystem can lead to the improvement of performance and optimization of activities and actions, and in this research, we tried to consider more and more comprehensive indicators in the cooperation network. be placed Finally, the purpose of the formation and development of science and technology parks is to increase the capacity of innovation and the growth of the knowledge-based economy through knowledge management (creation, sharing and access to knowledge and technology) among the members of the cooperation network of parks and to develop and commercialize the product, it becomes possible by them.

Today's markets are no longer just arenas for product competition; they have become battlegrounds for commercial brands. Brands can forge strong emotional connections with customers by tapping into their emotions. Nostalgic brands, in particular, have the ability to evoke positive emotions in consumers by triggering fond memories, thereby offering organizations a sustainable competitive edge. This study sought to construct a model that outlines the factors influencing nostalgic branding. To achieve this, 112 articles published between 2000 and 2023 were reviewed, with 29 ultimately selected, leading to identification of 23 variables. To ensure quality, these variables underwent screening using the fuzzy Delphi method and were evaluated by 20 experts. Subsequently, 13 variables were deemed most crucial and were integrated into a conceptual model comprising 3 categories: individual, psychological, and product characteristics. Fuzzy DEMATEL techniques were then employed to gauge the influence and effectiveness of these variables. Furthermore, fuzzy network analysis was utilized to ascertain the weight and significance of the factors and variables. The findings from fuzzy DEMATEL revealed that "psychological characteristics" held the highest influence with a value of 0.951, while "individual characteristics" were the most affected with a value of -0.094. Additionally, according to the fuzzy network analysis, "personal characteristics" were deemed the most significant with a value of 0.439 and "brand preference" emerged as the most significant variable with a value of 0.159.

Integrated report as the last type of report in the evolution of reporting, although it tries to expand the content of information by integrating financial and non-financial information, it has not been able to provide the information required by Islamic societies. The integrated Islamic report can be different in terms of framework, content, format and credibility compared to the international framework of integrated reporting. The focus of this research is only on the content part, because the purpose of this research is to determine the content elements of the integrated Islamic report and their components. Focusing on the second dimension of the integrated Islamic accountability model of Kumaraldin and Madaziz (2019), i.e. accountability to what, and examining theoretical sources and previous studies and establishing the international framework of integrated reporting, first the elements of the content of the integrated Islamic report and the component The values of each of them were determined. Then, using the Delphi technique, the components were subjected to the judgment of 32 experts in two consecutive rounds. In order for the model to be more reliable, the components approved by the experts were put to a public survey using a questionnaire. After analyzing the data obtained from the judgment of 393 people, using spss software, the content elements and their components were determined and ranked. The content of the integrated Islamic report includes 18 Islamic components that are not present in the international integrated report.

Researchers aim to address in proposing a model for optimal talent development in the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This research is of a developmental-applied nature and was conducted using an exploratory mixed-method approach. To achieve this, four main steps were taken, including a systematic review of the literature to discover indicators of optimal talent development and qualitative data analysis using the six-stage Clarke and Braun network content analysis method. Additionally, the fuzzy Delphi method was used to validate the identified indicators. The statistical population consisted of commanders, managers, and experienced experts in the field of human resource management and talent management in the General Staff of the Islamic Republic of Iran's Army and the University of Command and Staff with a specialized doctoral degree and over 20 years of experience in the relevant field. S

The results of the network content analysis showed that the dimensions of optimal talent development can be categorized into three main categories: commitment combined with enthusiasm, competencies and capabilities, and alignment with the organization's goals and strategies. Below these dimensions, 12 organizing themes and 44 basic themes (indicators) were identified. Furthermore, using the best and worst fuzzy methods, the weight and impact of each indicator on talent optimization were determined.

The summary indicates that for the Army to have optimal talents, it is essential to develop talents in three dimensions simultaneously: alignment with the organization's goals and strategies, competencies and capabilities, and commitment combined with enthusiasm

Banks, as key participants in the financial market, play a crucial role in expediting production processes and driving economic growth. They achieve this by gathering savings and idle liquidity, and channeling these resources into vital economic sectors. Enhancing efficiency and performance is a primary management objective for these institutions, as it leads to improved productivity. However, given the multitude of indicators and criteria used to assess efficiency, it is essential to identify and employ appropriate indicators based on specific guidelines. This study adopts an analytical-descriptive approach, collecting data from 2014 to 2019 through documentary research and surveys. The goal is to identify the influential indicators for evaluating the efficiency of commercial banks in Iran, as determined by a panel of experts. These indicators are then prioritized using factor analysis and the Fuzzy Delphi method. The findings reveal the existence of 19 key factors that determine bank efficiency, categorized into 7 main groups. These factors encompass financial, human, environmental and geographical, structural and organizational, physical, technical, and financial ratios. Together, they account for 62.45% of the total variance and serve as the most significant inputs and outputs that explain and determine the efficiency of commercial banks in Iran.

Today, employee experiences have gained recognition as a new concept and approach in human resource management, and their significance for the success of individuals and organizations cannot be overlooked. Hence, the objective of this study is to identify the dimensions and components of employee experiences. This research employs a descriptive design with a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative techniques such as meta-synthesis and quantitative methods including fuzzy Delphi and analytic hierarchy process. In the qualitative phase, we conducted a systematic search   in databases to achieve the research objective, employing a seven-step method developed by Sandelowski and Barroso for meta-synthesis. All relevant articles were reviewed, and the thematic analysis method was used to analyze and code each dimension and component of employee experiences with the assistance of MAXQDA software. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool and content validity method were utilized to ensure the validity of the qualitative and meta-synthesis section. Reliability was assessed through the intercoder reliability method and the calculation of the kappa coefficient. In the quantitative section, the fuzzy Delphi technique was employed to refine and validate the indicators. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process was used to prioritize the research findings. The results reveal that employee experiences encompass four dimensions and fourteen components, with the organizational dimension being the most important, having a weight of 0.443. The development of a comprehensive model through the integration of meta-synthesis and fuzzy Delphi represented the innovative aspect of this research, which can serve as a framework for future studies.

Creative deviance means defiance and disobedience to the orders of managers pursuing creative ideas which can bring positive results. The aim of the current research is to identify and prioritize the antecedents and consequences of creative deviation using the fuzzy Delphi method.

In terms of method, this research is a mixed research, and in terms of the type of use, it is an applied and exploratory research. The statistical population of the research included management professors and experts from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari governorates, 16 of whom were selected based on the principle of adequacy and theoretical saturation and by snowball sampling. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data in the qualitative part, and a Delphi questionnaire was used to collect data in the quantitative part. The validity of the data collection tool was tested using theoretical validity and content validity and its reliability using intra-coder-inter-coder method. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, the content validity method was used, and the inconsistency rate method was used to measure the reliability.

Based on the data analysis, the most important factors among the antecedents of creative deviance include high IQ, risk-taking, creative thinking and vagueness of rules, motivational factors, employees' mastery of rules and management support, and among the consequences, creating creative performance and increasing the ability to innovate, increasing organizational efficiency, accelerating organizational goals and solving some organizational problems are among the most important factors.

Creative deviance has important practical implications for organizations. By giving employees some degree of individualism and psychological independence, managers can encourage creative deviation and creative efforts among employees.

Today,due to environmental changes and the characteristics of organizational environments, it is necessary for organizations to take advantage of new leadership styles. Spiritual leadership is one of these styles that has been considered due to the need of organizations to improve the organizational environment in terms of indicators of mental health of employees.The purpose of this study is to provide a model of spiritual leadership in the electricity industry. In addition, research is a type of development-applied research. At the beginning of the research, after reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous research and identifying 47 components for spiritual leadership, the Delphi questionnaire was designed.At this stage, 12 academic experts and managers of the electricity industry were consulted on the components of spiritual leadership, which after two rounds of experts reached a consensus and 45 components were finalized. Then, the spiritual leadership model was designed based on the results. In the next step, 46 electricity industry experts were polled about the priority of the identified components. The method of sampling was snowball and the adequacy of the sample and the method of data analysis was fuzzy TOPSIS method. The findings showed that the components of "commitment to organizational goals", "defining a common vision" and "loyalty" have the highest priority.According to the research results, due to the dry nature and technical and specialized hard work, using the model of spiritual leadership can have a great impact on improving the mental and psychological conditions of employees in the workplace and advancing organizational goals.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate suppliers based on traditional, lean and agility criteria and rank them with the combined approach of fuzzy Delphi,SWARA and ARAS in Saipa Company.The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection.First, key functional sub-criteria(traditional,lean and agile)were identified and then fuzzy Delphi technique,the effectiveness of these criteria was evaluated in Company.The statistical population in this part of the research is 30 experts and managers of the company, who due to the limited size of the community,all members of the community were considered as a sample.The fuzzy Delphi output showed that out of 20 sub-criteria identified after evaluating the experts,17criteria were finally approved.Then,using the new SWARA decision-making technique and applying the opinions of 30experts, the criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated and their weights were extracted.In traditional criteria,the sub-criteria"costs"with the highest weight in terms of importance in the first place and"operating capacity"in the last place;In lean criteria,the sub-criterion of"elimination of waste"as the most important and"supply of materials according to the needs of the industry"in the last rank;In the agility criteria, the sub-criteria of "flexibility"in the first place and"strong supplier communication"in the last place are extracted.In the final evaluation of the main criteria of the research,the criterion of"agility"was in the first place, the criterion of"lean"was in the second place and the criterion of"traditional"was in the last place.The proposed approach of this research provides a valuable conceptual framework to company managers to improve the status of suppliers.