جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cytotoxicity" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

Iron oxide nanocomposites with lanthanides, due to their unique magnetic properties and biocompatibility, are recognized as attractive agents for the detection and treatment of cancerous tumors. Therefore, understanding the interaction of these nanocomposites with biological systems is important for their efficient design. In this study, samarium-doped magnetite iron oxide nanocomposite was synthesized chemically based on polyethylene glycol and triethanolamine. The nanocomposite w::::::::as char::::::::acterized using XRD, SEM, EDX, and DLS techniques. The crystal size of the nanocomposite was calculated to be approximately 12 nanometers using XRD. SEM image showed the synthetic nanocomposite as an agglomeration of fine particles with a spherical morphology. Subsequently, by incubating the nanocomposite in human blood plasma, the formation of a protein complex called corona protein on the surface of nanoparticles when exposed to biological systems was investigated and confirmed by gel electrophoresis. Cellular uptake results in the interaction of nanoparticles with cells showed that incubating the nanocomposite in human blood plasma led to a decrease in nanoparticle uptake in MDA-MB231 cancer cells and an increase in uptake in RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating the binding of blood opsonin proteins on the nanoparticle surface. Furthermore, the results indicated that the formation of corona protein had no significant effect on the cellular toxicity of nanoparticles on MDA-MB231 cells at different nanoparticle concentrations up to 200 micrograms per milliliter, and no significant toxicity was reported.

Jellyfish venom contains a variety of compounds including several potential therapeutic properties. The present study investigates the venom of Chrysaora hysoscella jellyfish and analyzes its cytotoxic properties. The fractions of  C. hysoscella jellyfish venom were purified using HPLC method, and their molecular weight was determined by SDS-PAGE method. The cytotoxic properties of the fractions were evaluated using the MTT method against HCT116 and Caco-2 cancer cell lines as well as RAW 264.7 normal cells. Based on the obtained results, the raw venom of C. hysoscella had 10 fractions with a molecular weight of 15 to 170 kilodaltons, of which fraction 2 had a strong cytotoxic effect against the studied cancer cell lines. The value of IC50 against HCT116 and Caco-2 cells was 63.21 and 64.36 μg/mL, respectively, while against RAW 264.7 cells, it was 122.88 μg/mL. The obtained results revealed the specific cytotoxic property of fraction 2 against colon cancer cells, while its cytotoxic effect on normal cells was significantly less. These results introduce the fraction 2 as a potential anticancer agent for colon cancer.

Breast cancer is a prevalent disease that has not been entirely treated by chemotherapy. This study attempted to investigate the effect of the cytotoxicity of Schiff bases derived from platinum (II) on the breast cancer cell line (SKBR3) and the expression of genes involving molecular pathways.

In this study, at first, the cytotoxicity of carboplatin (as the standard drug) and Schiff base derived from platinum (II) (12.5, 52, and 50 µM) on the SKBR3 cell line was investigated using MTT assay, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined. After cell treatment, RNA was extracted, and cDNA was synthesized. Then gene expression of various cellular pathways of apoptosis (BCL2 and BAX) and autophagy (ATG5, BECN1, TOP1, LC3, and HIF1A) was evaluated using the Real-time PCR method.

Cell treatment with platinum (II) Schiff bases complexes in various concentrations showed that complex A (IC50=34.76±2.16µM) had the most significant toxicity compared to other studied compounds. The synthesized complexes may affect the cytotoxicity of SKBR3 through suppression of HIF1A and TOP1 genes. Statistical analysis of samples was conducted using SPSS software program, two-way ANOVA analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis tests at the significance level of 0.05 and 0.001.

In this research, platinum-based Schiff bases showed a significant cytotoxic effect against the SKBR3 cell line. More information in this field can pave the way for discovering anticancer platinum drugs with more favorable properties.

Actinobacteria are very important in the world in terms of the production of metabolites with various biological effects. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the toxicity of the fermented extract obtained from Actinobacteria isolated from some biological resources of Iran on Artemia urmiana. These isolates were deposited in University of Tehran Microorganisms Collection (UTMC).

Forty-eight -76°C actinobacterial isolates were revived using ISP2 agar culture medium. Two bacterial discs were inoculated in ISP2 broth medium as a pre-cultivation medium. After 48 hours, 10 ml of the liquid was inoculated into the fermentation culture medium and heated for 7 days in a shaker incubator with 180 rpm, temperature of 28°C and pH of 7.2 ± 0.2. The fermentation broth was extracted using ethyl acetate, the solvent was evaporated using a low-pressure rotary evaporator. The toxicity of fermentation broth extracts was assayed against    40-hour Artemia urmiana nauplii.

According to the toxicity classification, among the all 48 isolates, 64.58% were highly toxic, 22.91% were moderate toxic, and 12.5% were in the low toxicity compounds group.

The results showed that more than half of the tested extracts had very high lethality on Artemia urmiana in a short time. Comparing the LC50 and LT50 values of the extracts with  similar studies, it was found that these extracts have a significant biological activity and can be used as a rich source in the production of metabolites with proper biological effects.

This study was performed to determine antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of fractionated venom of Vipera albicornuta snake under in-vitro condition.

Different fractions of Vipera Albicornuta venom were isolated using RP-HPLC and C18 column, followed by lyophilizing operation. Protein content of each fraction was estimated by Bradford method.Bactericidal-activity of each fractions in 20 μg/mL concentration toward Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains was performed using MTT reduction and MIC and tetracycline (50 μg/ml) was used as standard antibiotic.Moreover,The cytotoxicity effect of fractions with most antibacterial effects on HepG2 cells was investigated using MTT reduction test and confirmed with neutral red uptake assay following exposure of cells with different protein concentrations of each fractions (10-20 μg/mL) and apoptosis effect was evaluated by Comet assay.

Our findings demonstrated that venom fractions of snake display different antibacterial effects against various tested bacteria. Based on the results, fractions No. 2 on B.subtilis, fractions 2 and 9 on E.coli and fractions 5, 7 and 9 on S.aureus shown the most effects. In addition, the results of this study confirmed that fractions Nos. 2 and 5 of venom produced the highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line after 24 h treatment through induction of apoptosis and necrosis.In addition, this study confirmed that fractions No.2 and 5 produced the highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell line after 24 h of apoptosis and necrosis.

The results of study showed that isolated fractions of V.albicornuta venom have antibacterial and anti-cancer effects.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its treatment is always associated with side effects such as drug resistance. So, there is a strong tendency for the identification of new herbal anti-cancer compounds.

In this study, a range of 0.5-12 µg/mL of hydroalcoholic extract of Tamarindus indica kernel and 5-Fluorouracil was applied to prostate cancer (LNCaP), colon cancer (HT-29) and normal fibroblast (HSkMC) cells for 24 hours. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was measured by the MTT method. The rate of DNA synthesis and incidence of apoptosis was measured by BrdU and TUNEL assays, respectively.

Following treatment with the highest amount of the extract, the viability of prostate, colon, and fibroblast cells was reduced to 4.8, 65.1, and 60.5%, respectively. The IC50 for the three cell lines was 4.60, 17.0 and 13.79 μg/mL respectively. The rate of DNA synthesis also reduced by 32, 37 and 15% for prostate, colon and fibroblast cancer cells, respectively. The rate of apoptosis in LNCaP and HT-29 cells was 31 and 4%, respectively.

Collectively, the toxicity of the extract was higher for LNCaP cells than for the other two cells (p-value ˂0.01). Further studies in vivo and analysis of compounds in tamarind can lead to the identification of anti-cancer compounds from this plant.

Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange between fish and the environment, and they possess important biological and ecological functions. In the present study, the antioxidant activity (reducing power, total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging of DPPH) and cytotoxicity (test of saltwater shrimp larvae) of four species of Solea elongate, Euryglossa orientalis, Netuma bilineata, Muraenesox cinereus were investigated. The results showed that E. orientalis fish mucus had the highest reducing power (1.6 ± 0.2), N. bilineata fish mucus had the highest total antioxidant capacity (0.93 ± 0.3) and the highest percentage of free radical scavenging DPPH (89 ± 0.2). In the cytotoxicity test, the highest mortality rate under the influence of S. elongate mucus was about 97.5 ± 2.5. The results of the present study showed that fish mucus can be introduced as a potential source of natural biological compounds with high antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity.

Leukemia is one of the most important diseases that affected human lives. Therefore, study of effective factors in order to control of this disease is very essential. This study was investigated the effect of cytotoxicity of extracts (n- Hexane, Diethyl ether, Methanol) from the algae Padina tenuis  Bory de Saint-Vincent on leukemia cell line. For this purpose, the required extracts of Padina tenuis  Bory de Saint-Vincent were prepared by rotary which was collected from the Namakdan rocky shores, Qeshm Island. Subsequently, human leukemia cell line was cultured in RPMI culture medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cytotoxic effect of different concentrations (10, 30, 75, 150, 300, 500 µg / ml) was measured by MTT method. Hexane, diethyl ether and methanol extracts were able to inhibit the proliferation of human leukemia cells at 258 µg / ml, 90 µg / ml and of 122 µg /ml concentrations, respectively, in vitro. Also, with increasing the concentration of extracts, the percentage of metabolic activity of cancer cells decreased. The results showed a significant difference in the effect of different solvents against blood cancer cells at a significance level of 95%

The use of drug delivery systems can increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduce its side effects in the treatment of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of doxorubicin-containing silk fibroin nanoparticles (NF-DOX) on P53 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines and to measure its toxicity in vitro.

NF-DOX was synthesized and characterized. The breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and normal HFF cell line were treated with different concentrations of NF-DOX, and its toxicity and relative expression of P53 were measured.

Examination and characterization of the synthesized compound of NF-DOX indicated its nanometer dimension. The drug’s cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells was significantly greater compared with HFF cells and the control group (P < 0.001). The IC50 values (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) for MCF-7 and HFF cells treated with NF-DOX were 229 and 647 µg/ml, respectively. The relative gene expression levels of P53 in MCF-7 and HFF cell lines compared with the controls were measured as 27.09 ± 0.51 and 0.57 ± 0.07, respectively. The relative gene expression of P53 in MCF-7 and HFF cell lines showed a significant increase (P < 0.0001) and decrease (P < 0.0006) compared with controls, respectively.

Differential and significant changes in P53 gene expression in cell lines indicate that NF‑DOX may play an effective role in inhibition of breast cancer metastasis. The results showed a dose- and time-dependent anticancer effect of NF‑DOX, and it can be considered as a candidate for a new anticancer drug.

The radiation-resistant extremophile microorganisms can produce high amounts of carotenoids. However, the optimization of their metabolite production is critical for large-scale commercial purpose. This study aimed to investigate the production of carotenoid pigments by an extremophile strain phylogenetically close to the genus Cellulosimicrobium that has not been reported so far.

The influence of various carbon and nitrogen sources on the microbial biomass and pigment production of the studied strain were investigated using one-factor-at-a-time-approach. Antioxidant activity of the pigment was evaluated using free radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Besides, the antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of the pigment extract were investigated using the agar well-diffusion method and cell metabolic activity assay, respectively.

The maximum amount of carotenoid pigment produced by the studied strain was achieved in the fermentation medium containing 1g/L yeast extract and 1g/L glucose (22.5 mg /L) that was 10.7 fold more than the unoptimized conditions (2.1 mg/L). The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of the pigment were evaluated as much as 10.97 mg/mL and 6.02 μg/mL in the free radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, respectively. Also, the pigments of this strain showed no toxic and inhibitory effect on the human fibroblast cell line.

As compared to previous studies, the carotenoid pigment extract of strain AZ displayed strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study lays a foundation for future utilizations of Cellulosimicrobium strain AZ as a promising microorganism for commercial production of carotenoids in the food industry or sunscreens due to the antioxidant and non-cytotoxic activity of its carotenoid pigment.

Nowadays, probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacilli have been recognized as promising agents to prevent a large number of diseases, including cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Lactobacillus paracasei (IBRC_10784) extract on pancreatic cancer cell line ASPc-1 and to analyze the expression of bax, Bcl2, and DPC4 apoptotic genes.

This study was conducted on ASPC-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line to assess the effects of culture medium and Lactobacillus paracasei products on the expression of genes involved in apoptosis as well as DPC4 gene expression. Lactobacillus paracasei was cultured on specialized MSR broth medium and incubated for 48 hours in a CO2 incubator. After observing the growth of bacteria, the culture medium was centrifuged for 5 minutes at 9000 rpm and the supernatant was removed. Then, the supernatant was sterilized by a 0.22-micron syringe filter and was used in the subsequent steps. In the next step, AsPC-1 cells were treated with supernatant solution for 24 hours, followed by RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis. The Q-PCR reaction was performed using specific primers.

The findings of this research showed that the supernatant solution of Lactobacillus paracasei culture was able to change the expression of the studied genes, so that the expression of bax gene increased 1.86 times relative to the reference gene. Moreover, the expression of bcl-2 gene decreased by 4.56 folds compared to the reference gene. A notable point was the changing expression of DPC4 gene, which significantly increased to 2.67 folds in comparison to the reference gene (P<0.005).

According to the results of the present study, it seems that the increased expression of DPC4 tumor suppressor gene, which is one of the essential factors in TGF-β pathway, may be important in suppressing pancreatic cancer.

Many colubrid snakes produce toxic oral secretions and some species have caused severe reactions in humans. In this research toxicity of Duvernoy´s gland secretion (DGS) from Hemorrhois ravergieri (aglyph) has been studied.

In this study, the effect of Hemorrhois ravergieri saliva on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cells growth was determined by the inverted microscope and MTT assay. The integrity of the cell membrane through LDH release was evaluated as well.

The MTT assay and Neutral red assay showed a significant (p˂0.05) cytotoxic effect of Hemorrhois ravergieri salvia on HDF cells growth after 24 h treatment. Additionally, Hemorrhois ravergieri venom caused a significant increase in LDH release (p˂0.05). Numerous morphological abnormalities were observed in cells exposed to the DGS and showed loss of their common polygonal shape, appearing as several roughly rounded cells of variable size.

The Hemorrhois ravergieri saliva causes cytotoxic effects on HDF cells by the necrotic mechanism. This colubrid snake bite causes local symptoms, so this research suggests a more careful evaluation of the victims when considering the medical treatment to be adopted.