جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "sperm" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

The present study was performed to determine the effect of hCG, Ovaprim, and Ovarim on the efficiency of artificial reproduction in European perch (Perca fluviatilis), as well as the examination of the spermatological parameters of this fish. In the first treatment, hCG was used at 500 IU per kg body weight (BW) of broodstock. In second and third treatments, Ovaprim and Ovarim were used at 0.5mL per kg BW, respectively. The control group was injected with physiological saline at 0.5mL per kg BW. Eighteen female broodstocks with an average weight of approximately 78g were used in each treatment. Male broodstock was induced by injection of hCG at a dose of 250 IU per kg BW. According to the results, the fastest latency time (415.6 degree-hour) was observed in the hCG treatment and showed a significant difference with other treatments (P<0.05). The highest ovulation rate (100%) was observed in hCG and Ovaprim treatments and showed significant differences with Ovarim and control groups (P<0.05). The experimental treatments did not show any significant differences in other parameters (P>0.05). Based on the results, the mean volume of semen, spermatozoa activity, motility time and spermatocrit value of European perch were 2.9±1.7mL, 91.1±13.4%, 84.4±18.6s and 68.3±9.4%, respectively. Results of this study showed that hCG is more suitable than Ovaprim and Ovarim for the induction of spawning and artificial reproduction of European perch. Due to the more favorable effects of hCG, it is recommended to use this hormone in spawning induction and artificial reproduction of European perch broodstock.

MiRNAs play an important role in various pathophysiological processes in cells and controlling the process of apoptosis in sperm. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the expression of miR34c and miR15b, the quality of sperm parameters and the rate of sperm DNA breakage in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia infertile individuals.

This study was conducted on 25 patients with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia who had referred to Jihad University Infertility Treatment Center in Qom. 25 fertile people have been selected as the control group. After collecting sperm samples, sperm parameters were analyzed according to the World Health Organization (WHO 2010). The amount of sperm DNA breakage was checked using the SCD technique. The expression levels of miR34c and miR15b were measured using the Rael-time PCR technique.

According to the obtained results, sperm parameters such as concentration, motility and morphology of sperm in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermia individuals show a significant decrease compared to fertile individuals (P<0.05) and the rate of sperm DNA breakage in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia individuals increases. It was significant (P<0.05). Correlation test revealed that there is a significant correlation between sperm variables including concentration, motility, normal morphology, sperm DNA breakage rate and the expression level of miR34c and miR15b.

Our findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the expression of miR34c, miR15b, sperm parameters and sperm DNA health. In fact, these results can provide new insights for the diagnosis of male infertility at the molecular level.

Increasing evidence indicates the detrimental effects of obesity and hyperlipidemia on sperm quality. The degree of reversibility of these quality changes in studies is different. One of the properties attributed to cinnamon in traditional medicine is to reinforce fertility. This study was designed to investigate the effect of cinnamon extract on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemia conditions.

In order to conduct research, 36 male rats were allocated into six groups: control, model, vehicle, lovastatin, cinnamon with low dose (130 mg) and high dose (260 mg). Animals of all groups, except the control group, received high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Then the treated groups (groups 3 to 6) received their treatment intra-peritoneally for 6 weeks along with normal diet. At the end of the study, lipid profile and sperm parameters were evaluated.

Cinnamon extract with a low dose was effective in reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and high dose of cinnamon was effective in reducing serum LDL. Using a high-fat diet had no effect on the number, motility and morphology of sperm, and pre-treatment with both doses of cinnamon extract had a decreasing effect on sperm count and had no effect on sperm motility and morphology.

It seems that cinnamon as a pre-treatment has beneficial and reducing effects on serum lipid profile. But in this study, cinnamon had no improving effects on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemic conditions. The difference between the obtained results and the results of previous studies needs further investigation.

The sperm membrane is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which is very sensitive to the damage caused by ROS as a result of lipid peroxidation. Using suitable antioxidants in semen extenders can reduce the level of ROS. Rutin is a naturally occurring antioxidant polyphenolic flavonoid with powerful radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition properties. However, no studies have investigated the potential impact of rutin supplementation in cooling preservation of ram epididymal sperm. The current research was aimed to compare different concentrations of rutin antioxidant in the cooling process.

In this experimental study, testes of mature rams were collected from a local slaughterhouse and transferred to the laboratory within 1 hours in saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. In the laboratory, the epididymis was separated from the testis and cleaned from any connective tissues and blood vessels. For sperm recovery, the cauda epididymis was trimmed with a scalpel and epididymal sperm was obtained by cutting into small pieces in 5 ml of tris base extender pre-warmed at 37°C and incubated for 10 min to allow sperm swim out. The diluted sperm samples were divided into five equal experimental groups including: 1) tris base extender (Control), 2) extender containing 0.5 mM rutin, 3) extender containing 0.75 mM rutin, 4) extender containing 1 mM rutin, and 5) extender containing 1.25 mM rutin. The sperm samples were cooled gradually from 37°C to 4°C in 2 hours and held at 4°C. Sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated after extension (0 h) and at 24 and 48 hours of storage. The motility, viability, membrane integrity and morphology of sperm samples were evaluated immediately after extension (0 h) and at 24 and 48 h of storage at 4°C. The sperm motion kinematics were objectively evaluated by using the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. The eosin-nigrosin staining technique was applied to evaluate viability. The hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) was performed to assess membrane integrity. Sperm morphology was determined by staining sperm smears with Hancock’s solution. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration.

The data obtained from this experiment show that after 24 and 48 hours of cooling, the addition of rutin antioxidant at a concentration of 0.75 and 1 mM causes a significant increase in total motility, progressive motility and straight path velocity. The results of the present study show that experimental treatments at 0, 24 and 48 hours after cooling have no effect on VAP, VCL and STR. The results of this experiment show that after 24 and 48 hours of cooling, the addition of rutin antioxidants at concentrations of 0.75 and 1 mM significantly increases the viability and integrity of the membrane. Also, the results show that the experimental treatments reduce the amount of MDA. The results show that the applied treatments have no effect on sperm morphology.

The results show that using rutin antioxidant in concentrations of 0.75 and 1 mM improves the quality of ram sperm.

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants at the cellular level which leads to infertility in males. For several decades, reactive oxygen species have been known as destructive and damaging agents to cells and tissues. Cells produce small and controlled amounts of ROS to control their physiological activities. Under normal conditions, ROS produced in semen are continuously deactivated by antioxidants in semen, Unsaturated fatty acid chains in sperm plasma membrane are vulnerable to oxidative stress conditions, and thus spermatozoa depend on extracellular antioxidant systems to overcome oxidative stress conditions. Another reason for creating oxidative stress conditions for spermatozoa, in addition to the low level of antioxidants in semen, is excessive production of ROS by spermatozoa with abnormal morphology. so one of the reasons for the creation of oxidative stress in semen is due to the imbalance between ROS production and its inactivation by antioxidants. Exposure to high concentrations of ROS causes disruption of the mitochondrial membrane, plasma membrane, and also chromosome fragmentation, which reduces sperm motility and viability. Increased formation of ROS is associated with decreased sperm motility. There is a possibility that the increase in ROS production will ultimately cause a decrease in the phosphorylation of axonemic proteins and sperm motility. This condition leads to a decrease in fluidity of the membrane, which in turn is necessary for sperm-oocyte fusion. The use of antioxidants such as silymarin can prevent the effects of oxidative stress.Milk thistle is the most well-known English common name for this species and other names include Holy thistle, Mary thistle, St. Mary’s thistle, Marian thistle, Lady’s thistle, Christ’s crown, Venus thistle, Heal thistle, Variegated thistle, Pig leaves, Royal thistle, Snake milk, Sow thistle, and Wild artichoke. The milk thistle medicinal plant is widely used in the traditional medicine of China and most European countries in the treatment of liver and biliary disorders. The seed extract of this medicinal plant, which is known as silymarin, protects the liver against a variety of poisonings. Silymarin contains a collection of flavonoids and other compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cellular glutathione-increasing properties. Among the various flavonoid compounds found in the Silybum marianum, are silybin, silychristian and silydianin, which are collectively called silymarin. In many cases, the antioxidant properties of Silymarin are considered to be responsible for its protective actions. Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in spermatozoa may lead to male infertility. Environmental pollutants and heavy metals cause harmful effects on the reproductive system and sperm parameters through the induction of oxidative stress. Silymarin, as a potent antioxidant, is able to inhibit oxidative stress. Silymarin with its antioxidant properties can have reduced the effects of compounds such as; aluminum, cadmium, lithium, nickel, benzopyrene, doxycycline, tetracarbon chloride, nicotine, methotrexate, arsenic and lead acetate on the sperm. And improve the damaged sperm parameters resulting from the mentioned compounds. Silymarin is also effective in reducing the harmful effects of varicocele and radiation therapy on sperm parameters.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding thistle extract to the basal diet on sperm motility and the relative expression of Catsper gene in the testes of older broilers due to the role of this gene in normal sperm motility. A total of 50 Ross 308 broiler roosters at 47 weeks of age were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10) and were daily feed with a basic diet containing different levels of Tribulus terrestris including: 1) 0 mg of Tribulus terrestris (control), 2) 5 mg of Tribulus terrestris (Kh-5mg), 3) 10 mg of Tribulus terrestris (Kh-10mg), 4 ) 15 mg of Tribulus terrestris (Kh-15mg), and 5) 20 mg of Tribulus terrestris (Kh-20mg) per kg of body weight for 13 weeks. All roosters were weekly sampled to assess motility of sperm. At the end of the experiment, in order to measure testosterone concentration and evaluate the expression of Catsper gene, seven roosters were randomly slaughtered from each treatment and their testes were sampled. Results showed that Tribulus terrestris feeding improved total sperm motility in Kh-5, Kh-10, Kh-15 and Kh-20 groups by about 6, 4, 3 and 5%, respectively, compared to the control group (P<0.05). Plasma testosterone concentrations were not statistically significant between treatments (P <0.05).  Relative expression of Catsper gene in roosters receiving 5 mg level of Tribulus terrestris tended to increase compared to the control group (P = 0.09); however, at doses of 10 and 15 mg of Tribulus terrestris extract showed a significant difference (P <0.05). But with a dose of 20 mg of thistle extract did not show a significant difference (P<0.05). In summary, in this study, feeding thistle extract at the level of 5 mg increased sperm motility and expression of Catsper gene (one of the genes responsible for sperm motility).

Due to use of ovulin hormone in the carp breeding centers and lack enough information about the effect of its different concentrations on this fish broodstocks, evaluation of the effectiveness of ovulin hormone in artificial reproduction of carp is essential. This study was performed on 12 male broodstocks of carp with an average weight of 1307.85±169.57g. Fish in 4 groups (each group with 4 fish) were injected at doses of 0.2, 0.25, 0.3 and 0.35mg/kg body weight of ovulin hormone in one time. The injection method was performed peritoneally and below the pectoral fin. Blood samples were taken from fish in two times, before injection and 10 hours after injection. Based on the results, it was found that injection of different doses of ovulin hormone had no effect on red blood cell counts (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and white blood cell counts (WBC) (P>0.05). However, the amount of hemoglobin, hematocrit and granulocytes in all treatments decreased in the blood of male broodstock after the injection of ovulin hormone and the percentage of monocytes increased (P <0.05). It had no effect on total protein and sodium (P>0.05). However, glucose and calcium levels increased and triglyceride, albumin and potassium levels decreased in the studied doses (P<0.05). The levels of cortisol and sex hormones testosterone, estradiol and progesterone in male broodstocks increased in all doses studied (P<0.05). Also, the highest sperm motility and spermatocrit were observed in 0.2 mg/kg, pH in 0.3 mg/kg, triglyceride and alkaline phosphatase in 0.35mg/kg and calcium, sodium and potassium in 0.25mg/kg (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that doses of 0.25 and 0.3mg/kg body weight had the best effect on blood indices, steroid hormones and sperm indices in male broodstocks of carp.

Varicocele is one of the most common causes of male infertility in which testicular function and sperm production process are impaired. In this study, sperm parameters and sperm morphology were compared between patients with different varicocele grades.

This study was performed on 55 patients with grade 1, 2 and 3 varicocele as well as 32 fertile individuals (candidates for embryo donation or sex determination) as a control group. After collecting semen from patients, sperm parameters (number, motility and morphology of sperm) and sperm viability in different semen samples were examined. Also, sperm morphology (head, neck and tail length) was evaluated in different groups by stereology technique.

Sperm parameters including sperm count, motility and morphology were significantly lower in varicocele patients in comparison to control group and also sperm motility, survival, sperm count in the third degree varicocele group were significantly lower than other groups. There was no significant difference in sperm head volume and midline length between grade 1, 2 and 3 varicocele groups, but tail length in grade 3 varicocele group was significantly shorter than the other groups.Discussion and

Varicocele, in all its degrees, is associated with a decrease in morphology and sperm count. Also, our study shows that the degree of varicocele affects sperm motility, morphology and viability, and sperm tail length.

The aim of this study was the effect of adding different levels of vitamin C (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 mg / ml) after freezing in semen diluent on the quality parameters of Najdi goat sperm.

Semen samples were collected twice a week from 4 male goats with an average weight of 50± 5 kg by electroojaculator. The sperm samples after cryopreservation were analyzed for sperm motility and velocity characteristics using computerized sperm analysis system (CASA), percentage of sperm survival and abnormal sperm, membrane health and antioxidant capacity.

The results showed that the levels of 3 and 4.5 mg of vitamin C in diluent of goat sperm containing improved total motility, progressive motility and percentage of sperm survival in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). In sperm membrane health, the level of 3 mg of vitamin C was significantly different from the control and the level of 1.5 mg of vitamin C (P <0.05); But there was no significant difference with levels of 4.5 and 6 mg of vitamin C. The percentage of abnormal sperm was not affected by different levels of vitamin C (P <0.05). Sperm antioxidant capacity at the levels of 4.5 and 6 mg of vitamin C, had the highest value and had a significant difference compared to the control treatment (P <0.05).

According to the results of this study, adding 3 and 4.5 mg levels of vitamin C to Tris diluent Najdi goat sperm improves sperm quality parameters and sperm antioxidant capacity after freezing.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of different levels of vitamin A on ram sperm diluent during storage until equilibrium and before cryopreservation at 4 °C and freeze-thawing.

In this study, 4 Ghezel rams were used for semen collection by the artificial vagina. After the initial evaluation, the samples with normal properties were pooled and after the dilution process, 0, 5, 15, and 20 µmol vitamin A were added to the samples and frozen after 2 hours of cooling. Parameters of motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and sperm morphology were evaluated in two steps (before and after cryopreservation) as well as malondialdehyde levels after freeze-thawing.

The results showed that the addition of different levels of vitamin A to the extender during cooling at 4 °C had no significant effect on the evaluated parameters (P <0.05). The results after freezing showed that a level of 15 µmol of vitamin A increased the total motility, progressive motility (PM), VAP, and VSL (P <0.05). Plasma membrane integrity and viability increased significantly at the level of 15 µmol and also adding 15 µmol levels to the freezing medium decreased the amount of sperm with abnormal morphology and the amount of malondialdehyde compared to the control group (P <0.05).

According to the results of adding different levels of vitamin A, the level of 15 µmol has the best performance in improving the evaluated parameters and reduces oxidative stress during cryopreservation and thawing.

Sperm cryopreservation is more important due to clinical needs, reproductive management, and fertility maintenance techniques. Despite the success of sperm cryopreservation, this method usually causes serious and destructive changes in sperm function. Antioxidant supplements are added to the semen environment during freezing for three reasons. They have antioxidant properties, they can improve the antioxidant system of fluid and sperm. and to reduce the destructive effects of ROS produced by cold shock to the semen environment, they are added during cryopreservation. Therefore, it is necessary to review the results of recent applications regarding the effect of various antioxidant supplements used to improve sperm cryopreservation. Therefore, this study was conducted to increase the understanding of the role of antioxidant supplements in the mechanisms that increase sperm resistance to oxidative damage.

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of emulsified OvaprimTM with almond oil on spawning induction of Abramis brama, as well as, the spermatological parameters of males. In the first (C), second (OO) and third (OS) treatments, females were injected with 1mL.kg-1 body weight (BW) of bitter almond oil, 1mL.kg-1 BW OvaprimTM with almond oil (1:1) and 1mL.kg-1 BW OvaprimTM with 0.9% NaCl solution (1:1), respectively. In each treatment, 10 females (weight range between 802 to 934g) were injected. Moreover, 26 males were injected in two replicates with 0.6mL.kg-1 BW by OvaprimTM with 0.9% NaCl solution (1:2). Based on the results, the highest ovulation rate was observed in OS treatment (100%) and the lowest ovulation rate was observed in control group (0%) (P<0.05). Moreover, there was a significant difference between OO (722.5±68.4 degree-hour) and OS (578.0±44.2 degree-hour) treatments in latency time (P<0.05). The significant difference was observed between control group (0g) and OO (52.4±34.6g) and OS (72.3±0.2g) treatments in average weight of obtained eggs (P<0.05). The significant differences were not found between OO and OS treatments in absolute fecundity, relative fecundity, the average number of eggs per gram, fertilization rate, and incubation period (P>0.05). Based on the results of this study, the mean of sperm volume, sperm activity, motility time, spermatocrit value, and spermatozoa concentration of Abramis brama were 13.6±5.9mL, 56.7±12.1%, 95.2±17.6s, 30.0±8.8%, 11.0±3.3×109mL-1, respectively. According to the results, it is recommended that the emulsified OvaprimTM with oil can be used to induce spawning of bream in hatcheries.

Widespread consumption of cell phones is the most crucial risk factor f human health in the age of technology. This study aimed to explore the effects of 4G mobile phone radiation on the level of spermatogenesis in male rats in 30 days.

In this laboratory experimental study, the male NMRI rats were divided into 3 groups: the control group (without exposure to 4G mobile phone for 30 days continuously), the sham group (exposure to 4G mobile phones, but no call within 30 days), and the experimental group (exposure to 4G cellular mobile (SAR=0.482 W/Kg, 1800 MHZ) during calls in progress for 30 days). All rats were sacrificed after 30 days and their organs (testicular and epididymis) were separated.

The mean spermatid count and the mean leydig cells count was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) after exposure time. However, the mean count of spermatogonia was not changed, significantly. Also, the study of micrographs indicated the morphology of testis and epididymis changed. The testicular size changed (p < 0.001), however, the testicular weight was not changed, significantly.

The exposure of 4G mobile waves decreased spermatogenesis. Our results warrant further inquiries on the potential effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) from mobile phones on male fertility.

Medicinal plants with antioxidant properties can quantitatively and qualitatively improve the sperm fertility indicators and increase sperm fertilization in roosters by disrupting the production of free radicals and neutralizing oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of ginger extract on the biological parameters of Golpayegani rooster sperm. In this study, the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger in concentrations of 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / L was prepared and added to the drinking water of 36 adult male Golpaygani roosters for four weeks. After four weeks, the effect of different concentrations of the extract on sperm biological parameters (number, total motility, survival and normal morphology) was investigated and compared. Papanicolaou staining was used to evaluate a variety of abnormalities in different parts of the sperm. The results showed that adding ginger extract in all concentrations to drinking water significantly increased the overall motility of sperm and the percentage of sperm with normal morphology. However, a significant increase in the total number of sperm with high viability requires the addition of high doses of the extract (1000 and 2000 mg). There was no significant difference in some of the above indicators between the mean and high concentrations of the extract (P>0.05). In general, continuous consumption of ginger significantly increases the quantitative and qualitative indicators of rooster sperm and plays a role in the improvement of fertility in rooster.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Carob seedextract as natural antioxidant on quality cryopreserved Farahani rams breeding sperm.

In this study semen was collected from five mature ram (weight: 60±5 kg) twice a week using an artificial vagina and the ejaculates were pooled in order to eliminate the individual effect of rams. Different levels of carob seed extracts (0, 0/05, 0/1, 0/15 and 0/2 mL) were added to diluent based tris-egg yolk. After cooling, filling and sealing of the samples, they were frozen and with nitrogen vapor and immersed in liquid nitrogen and were stored until evaluation time. Thereafter and after thawing and incubation for5 min, sperm quality parameters includingmotility, progressive motility, viability (Nigrosine–eosin staining), membrane integrity with Hypoosmotic (Host) and morphology abnormality (Hancock test).

Results indicated that the level of 0/05 mL carob seedextract significantly improved some parameters including motility, viability, plasma membrane and morphology integrity compared to control (P<0.01).

Results indicated that so added 0/05 of carob seed extract peel to Tris based extender was beneficial in storage in sperm Farahani ram breeding after freeze-thawing.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chrysin inclusion to semen extender on rooster sperm quality during in vitro storage. Semen samples were collected from five 44-week-old male broiler breeders (ROS 308). After primary evaluation (motility >60%), semen samples were pooled and divided into five equal part and each part was diluted with one of the following extenders: 1) control negative extender (without any additive), 2) control positive extender (with 4% DMSO), 3) extender containing 25 μg of Chrysin (Chrysin-25), 4) extender containing 50 μg of Chrysin (Chrysin-50) and 5) extender containing 75 μg of Chrysin (Chrysin-75). Semen quality parameters including total and forward motility, plasma membrane integrity and functionality were assessed in 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours after preservation at 4°C. Based on obtained results, different levels of Chrysin failed to alter total and forward motility, plasma membrane integrity and functionality of spermatozoa during preservation period at 4°C (p≥0.05). Also, the effect of time in all parameters and the effect of time and treatment interaction in sperm plasma membrane functionality were significant. Therefore, Chrysin inclusion failed to ameliorate the negative time-dependent detrimental effects on rooster sperm quality. However, further research is needed to confirm obtained results.