جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « vitamin C » در نشریات گروه « علوم پایه »

Among the factors that reduce the production of agricultural products, weeds are of particular importance, which lead to huge losses in agriculture. In order to investigate the competition of lambsquarters weed with parsley medicinal plant, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely random basic design with three repetitions in the greenhouse of Damavand Technical and Vocational School in 1402. Experimental treatments include different levels of weed germination time (7 days before parsley sprouting, simultaneously, 7, 14 and 21 days after parsley sprouting) and plant density (zero, 1 and 2 parsley plants in the pot). The results of the experiment showed that plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot, yield per unit area (pot), petiole diameter, absorption of nutrients and vitamin C were affected by the time of germination and weed density. The lowest amount of studied traits was observed in the treatment of 7 days, early greening of lambsquarters. The highest percentage of essential oil (0.94%) in the 21-day greening treatment of lambsquarters and the lowest percentage of essential oil were related to the greening time of -7 and 0 days, which were statistically classified in the same category. Also, the highest percentage of essential oil (0.98%) was related to the treatment of zero density of lambsquarters (control), and the lowest (0.64%) was related to the density of lambsquarters 2 plants in a pot. Therefore, it is recommended to plant parsley early so as not to reduce its quantitative and qualitative yield, although weed density should not be neglected.

Nowadays, due to climate change and a decrease in rainfall, the production of agricultural products in many regions, especially arid and semi-arid regions, has faced problems. For this purpose, to study the effect of potassium silicate (Si) and L-cysteine (Cys) foliar spray on water use efficiency, fruit yield and quality of Physalis (Physalis peruviana L.) under water deficit conditions, a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the Research field of the University of Zanjan during 2022. Experimental treatments consisted of three different irrigation levels (50, 75 and 100% ETc) as the main plot and a foliar spray of potassium silicate (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1) and L-cysteine amino (0, 20 and 40 mg L-1) as a subplot. The results showed that water deficit stress increased total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and protein contents, and decreased vitamin C content, fruit number and yield. Application of Si, especially at 1000 and 1500 mg l-1 and Cys improved carotenoids, TSS, TA, vitamin C and fruit protein contents, and fruit yield under irrigation 100 ETc% and water deficit stress conditions. The highest fruit yield was obtained with the application of 20 and 40 mg L-1 Cys under irrigation of 100 and 75 ETc%. Also, the highest value of WUE was observed in plants treated with 20 and 40 mg L-1 Cys under deficit irrigation of 75 ETc% and 1000 mg L-1 Si under deficit irrigation of 50 ETc%, respectively. Therefore, the application of 1000 mg L-1 of potassium silicate and 40 mg L-1 of cysteine is suggested to increase the quality and yield of the physalis under the irrigation 100 Etc% and water deficit stress conditions.

Antioxidant enzymes serve as the primary defense against the onslaught of various reactive oxygen radicals. Antioxidants mitigate or prevent oxidative stress by interacting with free radicals and active species. The present study aimed to determine the effect of a course of aerobic exercise comined with vitamin C supplementation on leptin receptor, visceral fat weight, body mass index (BMI), and antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissue of rats with Alzheimer's.

In this experimental study, 45 elderly female rats were randomly assigned to six groups, including controls with Alzheimer's disease, vitamin C supplementation, aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise + vitamin C, and healthy controls. Leptin, visceral fat weight, and BMI after the intervention, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) indices, were measured after heart tissue extraction.

In the intervention groups, leptin receptor values were significantly higher (P=0.001), while visceral fat weight and BMI were lower than in the healthy control group (P=0.001). After eight weeks of aerobic exercise and vitamin C supplementation, MDA levels decreased significantly in the exercise+supplement group (P<0.05) and values of CAT and SOD were significantly increased compared to other groups (P<0.05).

It seems that aerobic exercise combined with vitamin C supplements increases leptin receptor expression and decreases visceral fat weight and BMI in rats with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, it decreases MDA levels and increases CAT and SOD levels.

Heat stress in honey bees causes a decrease in queen egg laying and the life span of workers on royal jelly production cells. In order to reduce the effects of heat stress and increase the body resistance of bees, heat stress problems can be minimized by providing antioxidant substances. The current research aimed to determine the effect of different doses of vitamin C on queen egg laying, antioxidant status and body weight of nurse bees, larval acceptance percentage, and royal jelly production. A total of 30 honey bee colonies (Mellifera meda) were equalized and organized for royal jelly production in July and used in a completely random design. Colonies were fed vitamin C in concentrations of zero, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 mg/liter for 30 days. The body's antioxidant capacity, weight and composition of the body of nurse bees, the percentage of larval acceptance, and the amount of royal jelly produced in each cup were determined. The lowest body weight of nurse bees belonged to colonies that received 2500 and 3000 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup. The lowest antioxidant capacity of the body was observed in the control group, and the highest mean was in the group receiving 3000 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup. The control group had the lowest egg-laying area, and the colonies receiving 2000 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup had the highest egg-laying area of the queen. The highest percentage of larvae acceptance was observed in the group receiving 2500 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup. The lowest percentage of larva acceptance was observed in the control group. The lowest amount of royal jelly produced belonged to the control group, and the groups receiving 2000 and 2500 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup had the highest amount of royal jelly per cell. Colonies receiving 2500 and 3000 mg of vitamin C per liter of syrup were highly aggressive. The results of the present study showed that supplementation of 2000 mg vitamin C per liter of syrup increases larval acceptance and royal jelly production and improves queen egg laying. By supplementation of vitamin C, the aggressive behavior of worker bees increases, which leads to increases in the risk of the bees' stings

The present experiment was performed on the effect of Eryngium caucasicum and vitamin C on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and immune system in broilers. The experiment was performed with 4 treatments, 5 replications and 15 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens in each replication in a completely randomized design. Treatments include 1) control (diet without additives), 2) control + 2% Zolang plant, 3) control + 0.2% vitamin C, 4) control + 2% Zolang plant + 0.2% of vitamin C. The results showed that feed intake, weight gain and broiler conversion ratio in the final periods as well as the whole period in treatments that used a mixture of Zolang plant and vitamin C, had a significant increase with the control (p <0.05). The percentage of carcasses in the treatments that used a mixture of Zolang and vitamin C was significantly increased with the control (p <0.05). All experimental diets significantly reduced the total blood protein of broilers compared to the control (p <0.05). The mixed diet of Zolang plant and vitamin C caused a significant increase in HDL compared to the control (p <0.05). The results showed that the effect of experimental treatments was significant only on alkaline phosphatase (p <0.05). Also, bursa fabricius weight in treatments that used a mixture of Zolang plant and vitamin C had a significant increase with the control (p <0.05). In general, the results showed that the use of a mixture of Zolang and vitamin C in the diet of broiler chickens can improve performance and strengthen the immune system.

In this study, the antioxidant activity of alpha-tocopherol, α-TOCO, one of the eight forms of vitamin E with CCl3O2 radical using density functional theory, DFT, and conductor-like polarizable continuum model, CPCM, at the B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory and three different phases of gas, oil and water have been studied. Interaction energy calculations show that there is a gravitational force between the radical and α-TOCO and their values in the oil and water phases are more than the gas phase. Mechanisms study of electron transfer, hydrogen atom abstraction, and radical addition show that the radical addition process is more thermodynamically desirable than other reactions and that the oil and aqueous phases are both suitable for this type of process. The values of the calculated reactivity quantities show that α-TOCO tends to oxidize against radicals, that this tendency is more in the aqueous phase than the others. Also, by radical adsorption on α-TOCO in each phase, the antioxidant property of α-TOCO decreases and its electroaccepting increases. The results of TD-DFT calculations show that the maximum absorption wavelength, λmax, and the corresponding oscillator strength, fmax, for α-TOCO in the oil phase are greater than those in the gas and aqueous phases. λmax and fmax change significantly by radical adsorption on α-TOCO, and in the oil and water phases, λmax of the complex is approximately equal to the wavelength of red light. The results of calculations of atoms in molecules, AIM, show that the interactions between α-TOCO and radical in all three phases are of the type of hydrogen bond and van der Waals, with the difference that the number of bonds and the strength of the bonds are reduced from the oil to water phase and from water to gas phase, respectively. This result corresponds to the calculated values for the interaction energies.

In order to investigate the effect of consuming diets supplemented with different levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone on cellular immune system challenges, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial population and MUC2 gene expression in laying Japanese quails, 210 female Japanese quails aged 85-35 days with 7 experimental treatments including the control group and those consuming vitamin E, thymoquinone and sesamin at levels of 100 and 200 ml.gram/kg of standard feed was used with 5 repetitions and 6 pieces of laying quail in each repetition. At the end of the period (85 days), after killing two quails from each repetition, the relative weight of thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius and the liver enzymes activity indices such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were investigated. Dinitrochlorobenzene sensitization challenge test and response to the injection of mitogen phytohemagglutinin into the left wing web were studied. Sampling was done to evaluate the morphology of the intestinal tissue and the microbial flora population of the small intestine. To investigate the expression of MUC2 gene, samples from jejunum were collected and RT-PCR method was performed. The results showed that the consumption of supplemented diets caused a significant increase in the bursa.f relative weight (p ≤ 0.05) and a non-significant improvement of the liver enzyemes activity (p ≥ 0.05). The significant increase of beneficial microbial flora (Lactobacillus) and decrease of the colony population of (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica) bacteria in the intestine along with the increase in the surface of the villi and the density of the number of goblet cells indicated the beneficial effects of the active compounds used in improving the health status of quails (p ≤ 0.05). Consuming supplemented diets with levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone caused an increase in MUC2 mRNA expression in the intestine. The results showed the benefits of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone consumption on cell mediated mediated immunity, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial flora and MUC2 mRNA expression in laying Japanese quails.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the exogenous application of melatonin treatment on the activity of enzymes and compounds effective in the shelf life of tomato fruit during storage. Melatonin has been implicated in various aspects of cell growth and development and has recently been shown to play a role in protecting cells from biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, tomato fruit was immersed with 100 μM L-1 melatonin as a treatment and distilled water as a control group for 15 minutes, then kept at 4±° C for 4 weeks. The results showed that melatonin treatment by reducing the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes was able to reduce the content of free radicals’ superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and thus the content of flavonoids, total phenol, vitamin C, and glucosinolate. These results showed that melatonin treatment can be effective by increasing the content of cell protective compounds and also by affecting the activity of antioxidant enzymes to increase the post-harvest life of tomato fruit.

Microgreens are immature vegetables harvested after the development of the first true leaves, and they may contain higher nutritional value than mature vegetables. In this research, the nutritional value and antioxidant compounds of 13 varieties of basil microgreens have been investigated. The results showed a significant difference between microgreens in terms of all studied traits. As compared to the others, Violetto and Genovese microgreens gained the highest chlorophyll a, but Holy Basil was found to have the highest total carotenoids. Likewise, the highest and lowest contents of total phenol were found in Napoletano and Green basil, respectively. Also, the rate of anthocyanin in the microgreens varied from 0.078 to 0.148 mg/g of fresh weight. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in Napoletano and the lowest in Genovese. Among the 13 studied microgreens, Midnight basil and Purple basil cultivars demonstrated the highest concentration of ascorbic acid. In order to determine the most important biological traits effective in differentiating genotypes, factor analysis was employed. The first three factors accounted for 80.95% of the total variance. In addition, cluster analysis grouped 13 genotypes into five main groups. In conclusion, the results indicate that the microgreens provided by basil cultivars are good sources of antioxidant compounds and various nutrients.

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used as the material of choice in joint replacement prosthesis for the last three decades due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, UHMWPE’s wear and oxidation in the long term leads to osteolysis and limits the lifespan of this polymer. One of the effective methods to prevent oxidation is presents of α-tocopherol in UHMWPE matrix. But the presence of this additive alone does not improve the mechanical performance of UHMWPE. On the other hand, the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been shown to improve mechanical properties due to their exceptional properties such as elastic modulus and high surface-to-volume ratio. However, finding the optimal concentration of MWCNTs and vitamin E to improve the mechanical properties of this polymer is very vital and important.

In this research, to investigate and compare the effects of carbon nanotubes on the properties of UHMWPE/vitamin E composite, two composites were produced, one containing 0.2% by weight of vitamin E and the other containing 0.25% by weight of vitamin E along with 0.5% by weight of MWCNT.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reported an increase in the characteristic peaks of PE-E/CNT composite compared to PE-E composite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) reported about 7% increase in crystallinity in PE-E/CNT composite. Dynamic thermos mechanical analysis (DMTA) also showed improved elastic properties in the PE-E/CNT composite compared to the composite containing vitamin E. Finally,