performance evaluation

The objective of this research was to design an appropriate model for evaluating the performance of universities using a comparative approach within the European higher education system. This model aims to improve the performance evaluation system of universities and provide strategies for enhancing the quality of education and research in Iranian universities.

This study is applied in terms of purpose and field-based in terms of data collection. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach (qualitative-quantitative), where content analysis was used in the qualitative phase and confirmatory factor analysis was employed in the quantitative phase. The qualitative sample included 12 senior managers, experts, and key informants in university performance evaluation, selected purposively. The quantitative population consisted of 1,700 managers, deputies, faculty members, and staff from universities in western Mazandaran Province in 2022, with 375 participants selected through Cochran's formula using a non-probability convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire.

The results revealed nine components that play a role in designing the university performance evaluation model. These components are: performance information content, performance information coherence, performance information manageability, performance information relevance, customer perspective, growth and learning perspective, internal processes perspective, financial perspective, and sustainable value creation perspective. Prioritization of these components showed that the financial perspective had the highest priority, while sustainable value creation had the lowest priority in explaining university performance. Additionally, the results indicated that the current status of universities in western Mazandaran, based on the designed evaluation model, was below the desired level.

Originality/Value:

 This research contributes to the existing literature on university performance evaluation by designing a model with a comparative approach within the European higher education system. Furthermore, by identifying key components and prioritizing them, this study provides actionable strategies for improving university performance and enhancing the quality of education and research in Iran's higher education system.

The management and performance evaluation system as one of the management processes has a prominent role in helping to achieve the goals and missions of the organization. The purpose of this article is to present a method to evaluate the performance of the organization's task units. This approach, based on a scientific and systematic method, explicitly considers the existence of uncertainty and ambiguity in the nature of organizational activities.

In this paper, a MADM hybrid approach is used. First, the performance indicators have been determined by the literature review and consulting experts, and then the importance and weight of each of the performance indicators has been calculated using the intuitionistic Fuzzy DEMATEL and finally, the performance of organization's units has been evaluated using the ELECTRE intuitionistic Fuzzy method. In order to apply this method, the performance evaluation of the organization of industry, mining and trade of Tehran province has been done with the proposed method.

This study shows the effectiveness of the hybrid intuitionistic fuzzy DEMATEL-ELECTRE approach in performance evaluation the organizational units. This method correctly considers the uncertainty in the performance evaluation indicators by using the intuitionistic fuzzy approach and leads to a correct and reliable performance evaluation. The results showed that among performance indicators, organizational improvement and transformation, transparency and productivity improvement have the most weight and importance in performance evaluation of organizational units.

Originality/Value:

 For the first time, this research has used the hybrid intuitionistic fuzzy DEMATEL-ELECTRE approach to performance evaluation of organizational units. Using the intuitionistic fuzzy approach provides a unique perspective on uncertainty in performance evaluation and increases the reliability of performance evaluation and ranking. The application of this method in a government service organization provides a methodological tool for performance evaluation or rating of organizational units or work teams in different or similar organizations and fields.

In order to achieve a competitive advantage in today’s global market, supply chains play a crucial role in various industries. Understanding maturity and its characteristics can lead to higher levels of performance for companies active in the supply chain. To measure and evaluate supply chains, a wide range of maturity models have been presented. By analyzing the current situation in the chain, evaluating it, and providing guidance in developing an improvement roadmap, it is possible to achieve higher levels of maturity. The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive analysis of supply chain maturity models from 1989 to 2023. To achieve this goal, a qualitative meta-synthesis approach has been used. The results of the     research show that most maturity models have been proposed in terms of supply chain, supply chain     management, integrated supply chain, demand-oriented supply chain, and cooperative supply chain. Their maturity levels include: unstructured, basic, defined, managed, integrated, and developed. The main areas that supply chain maturity models focus on include strategy, planning, sourcing, manufacturing, delivery, logistics, information flow, material flow, performance evaluation systems, and relationship management with customers, employees, supply chain processes, organizational structure, coordination in the supply chain, management support, empowerment, flexibility in the chain, communication, production and        operations, culture, sustainability, innovation, and risk. In this research, an attempt has been made to     prioritize different areas of the supply chain using a new approach, Pythagorean fuzzy entropy, by           surveying 12 experts who were selected using the snowball method.

Service supply chain management is a tool for predicting, planning, implementing and controlling supply chain processes with the aim of meeting customer needs and gaining their satisfaction, which includes coordination, integration and product control, information and cash flow within the organization and between partners. The purpose of this article is to provide a model for evaluating the performance of sustainable supply chain in the service sector (experimental evidence: the Social Security Organization of the country) and in terms of its purpose, it is developmental. The statistical population of the research included experts and managers of sample social security branches of the country and the sampling method was clustered. A semi-structured interview was used to collect information and 15 experts in this field were interviewed. The results obtained from the qualitative technique with thematic analysis method based on the inductive approach (based on data) and the model of Brown and Clark (2006) and with the help of MAXQDA software indicate the extraction of 3 dimensions, 10 components and 47 indicators in relation to the dimensions, components and influential indicators. It has been based on the evaluation of the performance of the sustainable supply chain of services in the country's social security organization. As a result, it was recommended to managers and trustees to pay attention to training and raising the level of awareness and social skills, creating a system of measuring and monitoring the performance of the supply chain and solutions and suggestions in line with their desirability.

The aim of this study was to provide a model for evaluating the performance of police logistics management in disciplinary crisis. This research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. It is a qualitative research approach and is related to the method of interviewing experts and specialists. The interviewees in this study are in two groups: professors of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences and heads and managers of the Departments of logistics support, Special Unit, Relief Unit and FATEB Prevention Police. Also, due to the necessity of using opinions of experts, purposive sampling method has been used and the sample size was determined as 13 people. The research data was also analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The results show that the model for evaluating the performance of police logistics management in disciplinary crises is significant in 6 dimensions including: forecasting, supply, agility, organization and management, science and technology and preparedness, and 17 components including: vehicle, welfare, weapons and ammunition. Automotive and fuel, commodities, rations and clothing, readiness, agility capabilities, agile management, supervision and control, manpower, planning, coordination, culture and structure, training and skills, technology information and communication, maintenance, repair and operations, warehousing and logistic support and 66 indicators as a subset of the components described..

Banks and financial and credit institutions play an important role in the economic development of each country. Currently, due to the considerable number of banks and financial and credit institutions in the country, also due to the privatization process of state-owned banks and the conversion of credit cooperatives and credit financial institutions into banks, their performance evaluation has become important. The purpose of this paper is to provide a method for evaluating the performance of banks and financial and credit institutions. In this research, using experts' opinions and library studies, banks' performance evaluation criteria were evaluated in two stages of 18 branches of Melli Bank, then two-stage data enveloping analysis method was used to evaluate the performance of branches and finally rank them. The studied indicators were categorized into two stages to evaluate the performance of branches. Input indicators for the first stage of evaluation include: the size of the branches, the number of employees, the initial capital and the operating cost of the branches. Also, the output indicators of this stage, which is also considered as the input of the second stage, include the number of accounts and the total amount of deposit with the bank. Finally, branch profit indices, branch income and facility amount were categorized as the output of the second stage.

Today, the strategic and important role of warehousing in reducing the supply chain costs is recognized,  and distinguished as one of the competitive advantages in the supply chain. Managers have to make better decisions to improve performance. There are various models for performance appraisal and the lack of a framework for evaluating the stock of spare parts is felt. Therefore, in this article, first the dimensions and indicators of a framework are determined by a thorough study of performance appraisal models, related literature and expert sessions, resulting in 9 dimensions with 10 indicators for each dimension. Then the framework is designed through a validity and reliability questionnaire, and after removing the indicators that do not obtain the required scores, the final framework is obtained and used to evaluate the car parts warehouse. Then according to the status of the warehouse and the scores it has obtained, existing solutions for improvement are brought forth. These solutions are then ranked considering the effectiveness and simplicity criteria and a roadmap is presented to improve the level of warehouse performance.

Science and Technology Parks and Growth Centers, as major contributors to the economic development of the regional business enterprises, are committed to provide targeted support for entrepreneurs, improve manufacturing efficiency, and create economic growth in the community. In order to improve the impact of these supports, STPs and incubators periodically evaluate the activities of residents and, after identifying strengths and weaknesses, provide services tailored to each company's individual needs. However, it is worthy to ask, what indicators should the evaluation system include that can reflect a true and more comprehensive picture of the company's condition with presenting the company's core needs to the incubator manager? Therefore, in this research some general models of performance evaluation have been reviewed, and as the benefits of BSC model, especially its compatibility to manufacturing SMEs, this system has been used for the principle of the current study. Then, based on 17 years’ experience of Khorasan Science and Technology Park in unlocking the region's manufacturing potential, and the opinions of experts in other incubators in the country and around the world, 104 critical indicators have been identified in evaluating the manufacturing SMEs. These indicators also were ranked using U Mann Whitney and Friedman statistical tests. The results showed that the "customer and market" is more important than the other three perspectives in BSC model, and "Market research" and "CEO capability and expertise" are the most important indicators and sub-indicators, respectively.

Science and technology parks are institutions supporting technology companies. The performance evaluation of technology companies will help them to improve their performance and make the park supportive services more effective and helpful. Performance evaluation is one of the most important priorities of Yazd Science and Technology Park. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to design and explain a performance evaluation model of technology companies in this Park and analyze the results of its implementation. The evaluation model of Park is based on various performance evaluation models and theories, as well as through brainstorming with park managers and technology companies. This model evaluates the technology companies in four areas: nature of the company, structure and human resources, main idea and technology, and market. The evaluation process is designed according to both quantitative (documents and non-confrontational??) and qualitative (face to - face interviews) indicators. Then, based on this model, information of technology companies are collected and analyzed by an evaluation system. The results of evaluation showed that although the status of companies is far from the park's expectations and goals, it is acceptable in comparison with the community (province and the average of country) in terms of the value-added of manpower and the cost of employment. Also, the analysis of the results represented the validity and comprehensiveness of the model in assessing technology companies.

Performance evaluation is one of the most significant issues in management taken into consideration by a number of academics and researchers who have developed various parametric and non-parametric methods used for performance measurement and evaluation. Among these models, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is regarded as one of the most widely used models for performance evaluation. DEA is a powerful mathematical tool and a non-parametric technique to measure the relative efficiency of a group of homogeneous Decision-Making Units (DMUs). This approach carried out an evaluation by assigning weights to the inputs and outputs of each decision-making unit. The difference in the input and output weights in this technique is one of the objections to this method that threatens the assessment of the underlying basis. In this study, a model was presented to find a solution to this problem. The proposed model is a one-phase linear model and has less computational complexity than other models. To validate this model, the numerical exam of Kao & Hung (2005) was implemented and the results of the presented model were compared with those of other models; in addition, the Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated. The results showed that the proposed model had a more significant correlation coefficient than other models, had a more resolution than other models, and eliminated the shortcomings of Classic base models. After the validation of the model, the pharmaceutical companies in Tehran Stock Exchange were evaluated by means of the proposed model and CCR model. The indices of the study were obtained from previous studies and the opinions of experts were taken into account to confirm these indices. The data used in the present study and the actual values of these indices were obtained from ``codal.ir website'' according to each company's financial status. Moreover, sensitivity analysis was performed on the outputs of these companies. The results showed that Alborz Pharmaceutical and Shafa Pharmaceutical Investment companies were the most effective units in both models, and Farabi Pharmaceutical Company was the most inefficient one. Besides, the results indicated that the units under study showed more sensitivity than the first output.