جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cultivar" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of delayed planting of native plants on weight of 1000-seed, the percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings, percentage of hard seeds, mean time germination (MTG), Coefficient Velocity Germination (CVG) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG) of ten cultivars of spring Oilseed rape in form of Factorial experiment (2 × 10) in complete randomized design with four replications in the Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) of Karaj during 2022. Treatments were seeds from planting native plants on common Sowing date (the fifteenth in the Persian month Mehr) and Delayed planting (the fifteenth in the Persian month Bahman) and ten cultivars of spring Oilseed rape (RGS003, Sarigol, Hyola401, Hyola420, Hyola330, RGS006, RG4403, RG405/03, RG405/02 and RGAS0324. The results showed that trait said in two Sowing dates have significant difference together on α=0.01. between of seedling of Cultivars of Oilseed rape in terms of all traits studied except trait of percent of hard seeds that was significant on α= 0.05, remaining traits were significant on α=0.01. As well as the interaction of planting ten Cultivars in all traits except two traits of thousand seed weight and percentage of hard seeds, were significant on α=0.01. comparison of mean interaction impact of Sowing date × cultivar, showed that RGS003 cultivar on common Sowing date and Hyola401 cultivar on delayed planting than other cultivars have better Seed vigor and germination indexes.

In order to identify and select the best domestic and foreign cultivars for cultivation in North West Azerbaijan region, Poldasht city, 10 domestic and five foreign cultivars were compared in two crop seasons of 2021 and 2022. Cultivars were sown in randomized complete block design with four replications and selection was done based on selection index of ideal genotype (SIIG). Based on the results, the highest range of variation was related to the traits of root yield (28.7 t ha-1) and extraction coefficient of sugar (12.5%) and the lowest value was related to the traits of nitrogen content (1.6) and molasses sugar (1.8), respectively. In this study, in order to calculate the SIIG, it was assumed that cultivars with the highest root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield, white sugar content, and extraction coefficient of sugar, and on the other hand, with the lowest amount of root impurities including Na, K, amino-N and molasses sugar level were ideal. According to the results, a domestic cultivar Nika obtained the highest SIIG (0.83) and Anaconda, Isabella and Aria cultivars placed in the next ranks. Among studied traits, the SIIG showed the only significant (P<0.01) and positive correlation with the traits of white sugar content (r = 0.82) and extraction coefficient of sugar (r = 0.97).

Introduction of sugar beet cultivars with tolerance to dodder is considered an inevitable necessity in the management of this parasitic weed, and conducting comprehensive research in this area is of great importance. Therefore, the tolerance of eight sugar beet cultivars including Ekbatan, SBSI061, Arta, Aria, Sina, Shokoofa, Paya, and Sharif, was evaluated against dodder in pot and field trials. The pot trial was carried out in the spring of 2021 in the greenhouse of the weed research department and in the spring of 2022 in the research field of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in Meshkindasht, Alborz. Among studied traits, fresh weight of sugar beet root, dodder fresh weight, and the ratio of dodder fresh weight to shoot fresh weight of sugar beet played an important role in determining the tolerance or susceptibility of sugar beet cultivars to dodder. Results showed that Ekbatan and Shokoofa experienced the lowest and highest reduction of the above-mentioned traits, respectively under contamination with dodder; because the root fresh weight reduction was the lowest (41.5 and 14% in greenhouse and field, respectively) in Ekbatan and the highest (63.5 and 96% in greenhouse and field, respectively) in Shokoofa. On the other hand, in the presence of Ekbatan and Shokoofa cultivars, dodder had the lowest (41 g pot-1 and 16g m-2 in the field) and the highest (82.5g pot-1 in the pot and 52.3 g m-2 in the field). In addition, the ratio of fresh weight of dodder to shoot of sugar beet was the lowest (0.97 and 0.11 in greenhouse and field, respectively) in Ekbatan and the highest (2.53 and 0.46 in greenhouse and field, respectively) in Shokoofa, respectively. Therefore, among studied cultivars, Ekbatan and Shokoofa are introduced as cultivars with greater tolerance and susceptibility to dodder, respectively.

Introducing olive cultivars with high oil quality is one of the objectives of olive breeding programs. Simultaneously, with the introduction of new olive cultivars from Mediterranean countries, the identification, collection, and evaluation of local genotypes was also implemented in the Zanjan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center. In 1997, cuttings of 25 T-olive genotypes were prepared from the Hashem Abad olive orchard of Golestan province. In 1998, the propagated plants were planted at the collection of Tarom Olive Research Station. Since 2006, with the implementation of five research projects for 15 years, the “Gilvaneh” cultivar was released by the selection method of genotypes. The “Gilvaneh” cultivar has oval leaves, the average number of flowers in an inflorescence is (22.9), the average length of the inflorescence is (27.5 mm), and the date of opening of the flowers and formation of the fruit of this cultivar occurs in the first half of May. “Gilvaneh” cultivar has medium fruit weight (2.8-3.2 gr), and the most important characteristic of this cultivar is having 70.3% oil in the dry matter of the fruit, high oleic acid (80.1%) and low palmitic acid (9.9%); Therefore, this cultivar has high oil quality among different olive cultivars and is suitable for cultivation in Tarom region.

Global warming directly affects agricultural production and food security (Ainsworth & Ort, 2010). Temperature controls the rate of plant metabolic processes that ultimately affect biomass production and grain yield (Hay & Walker, 1981). Although farmers are not able to control the climatic conditions, management and changes in factors such as irrigation, soil, crop varieties, activities, and technologies used in the cultivation of crops can reduce the harmful effects of climate change (Moradi et al., 2014). One of the reliable approaches to studying the effects of climate change on agricultural production is using crop growth models. The present study was conducted to simulate the effects of climate change on phonological stages and yield of maize and to investigate the possibility of mitigating the negative effects of climate change on maize by changing the sowing date and selecting suitable cultivars as management strategies for adaptation to climate change in Kermanshah region.

Materials and Methods :

The study was conducted in Kermanshah region conditions. The evaluated traits included days from the sowing date to anthesis, days from the sowing date to physiological maturity, total dry weight, and grain yield. In general, the results of the evaluations showed that the CERES-Maize model can accurately predict the growth and yield of maize cultivars (SC704, Simon, BC678) in different soil moisture conditions. After ensuring acceptable agreement between simulated values with observed values, the evaluated model was used to study the effects of climate change on maize production in the near future (2021-2050) and the far future (2051-2080) climate change according to RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios and comparing them with baseline conditions (1981–2010). The average of 17 general circulation models was used to simulate meteorological parameters under climate change conditions. The common sowing date for maize in the Kermanshah region is May 5. In this study sowing dates of May 5 and April 26 as early sowing dates, April 15 as the common sowing dates, and May 25 and June 4 as the late sowing dates, and maize cultivars SC704, BC678, and Simon were considered as adaptation strategies to climate change.

The results of simulation showed that regardless of cultivar and sowing date, traits of days from sowing date to anthesis, days from sowing date to physiological maturity, total dry weight and grain yield in the near future climate change in the scenario RCP4.5 varied as -2, -1.5, 2.7, and 3.3% and in the RCP8.5 scenario varied as, -2.9, -2.8, -0.66, and -3.6% compared to baseline conditions, respectively. These values for the RCP4.5 scenario in the far future climate change condition were -5.2, -5.4, -7.1, and -16.2 and for the RCP8.5 scenario were -8.8, -9.8, -23.1, and -45.83%, respectively. In both near and far future climate changes and under both scenarios, by sowing the studied cultivars at late dates (May 15 and May 25) compared to the early dates (April 15 and April 25) and common date (May 5), the length of the developmental period was shorter but other traits such as total dry weight and grain yield were higher. Among the studied cultivars, in both future climate changes and scenarios, the Simon cultivar had the highest grain yield. The highest duration of developmental stages and total dry weight belonged to SC704.

In general, if any of the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios occur in the near and far future climate change periods, the sowing of the Simon cultivar should be in late dates on May 25 and will have the highest grain yield. Therefore, it can suggest as a suitable strategy to reduce the negative effects of climate change on maize production in the Kermanshah region.

Considering the increase in per capita consumption of rice in the country and the need to increase rice production per unit area, it is very important to introduce new high-quality varieties with high yield and stable grain yield. The grain yield depends on the genotype and its response to environmental conditions. To increase the quantity and quality of rice, this research was conducted to evaluate the interaction between genotype × environment and to determine the stability of the grain yield of rice genotypes.

In this experiment, 8 quality rice lines were carried out including Kadus, Ali Kazemi, and Champa local cultivars in the form of Randomized Complet Block Design with three replications in Cheram and Basht regions during 2017 and 2018. In each year, the performance of tested genotypes was tested separately using simple variance analysis and using Duncan's method, and at the end of the second year, combined analysis was performed to determine the compatibility. To analyze the stability and compatibility of lines, Shukla's stability variance, Francis and Kanenberg's coefficient of environmental changes, Wrickes ecovalence, deviation from Eberhart and Russell's regression line, Finley and Wilkinson's regression coefficient and Pintos' coefficient of identification were used.

The results showed a great diversity between the investigated genotypes in terms of grain yield and other agricultural traits. Composite variance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between years at the 5% probability level. The stability analysis of the genotypes by calculating the stability parameter shows that the highest stability was related to the local Champa variety and lines 7, 8, 5, and 6. Based on the calculated Eberhart & Russell Method, genotypes 7, 6, and 8 and the local Champa variety were favorable in both test environments. In terms of Wrickes ecovalence, and stability parameter, the local Champa cultivar and genotypes 6 and 5 were the best. Based on the results of the analysis and comparison of the average of the treatments, the superiority of the grain yield was related to lines 7 and 5 with an average yield of 9.60 and 8.85 tons per hectare. The mentioned lines were recognized as superior genotypes due to their average yield, conversion efficiency, high percentage of whole rice, and average amylose content.

Based on the results obtained from the stability methods of lines number 7 and 5, respectively, with an average yield of 9.60 and 8.85 tons per hectare and having stability variance, environmental change coefficient, and intra-location variance less than one, as well as the coefficient of the regression line equal to one they are recommended as stable genotypes for both regions and other similar regions.

To prepare and evaluate test cross hybrids resistant to rhizomania and cyst nematode based on new single crosses, 48 test cross hybrids produced were evaluated in 2021 in the augmentation design along with Iranian and commercial hybrid varieties in six regions )Karaj, Mashhad, Shiraz, Kermanshah, Miandoab, and Hamadan(. Genotypes mean comparison showed that BTS2015N had the highest root yield in Karaj, Mashhad, Shiraz, Kermanshah, and Hamadan and an average of six locations with an average of 133.97, 114.45, 77.14, 102.80, 97.08, and 104.91 t/ha, respectively. The Wawilow cultivar also had the highest sugar content in Karaj, Mashhad, Shiraz, and Kermanshah and an average of six locations with an average of 17.61, 18.31, 24.06, 19.57, and 18.62 percent, respectively. In addition, in a total of six locations, there was no significant difference among hybrids 39, 40, 31, and 35 in terms of root yield and hybrids 24 and 47 in terms of sugar content with the external control cultivar BTS2015N. In this study, new hybrids 40, 38, 23, Nika, and Bifort cultivars have the lowest ASV values with 0.062, 0.117, 0.154, 0.245, and 0.256, respectively, were considered stable genotypes in terms of root yield. Also, based on the results of the GGE biplot method, the new hybrids 13, 24, 32, 23 had the highest general stability. In this study, the BTS2015N cultivar for the environments of Karaj, Kermanshah, Shiraz, and Hamadan and the Annamira KWS cultivar for the Miandoab environment showed high specific adaptability.

In order to evaluate the grain yield and the quality characteristics of sunflower grain oil in response to deficit irrigation (DI), a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors was carried out at experimental farm of Safiabad agricultural and natural resources research and education center in 2019–2020 growing seasons. The factors were DI as the main factor (including control, moderate DI, and severe DI- based on the discharge of 50, 70, and 90% of field capacity) and cultivar as sub-factor (including Oscar, Felix, Shakira, Savana, Labad, and Monaliza). The results showed that deficit irrigation caused a significant difference in grain yield, grain number per head, grain weight per head, oil quality characteristics compared to the control. Deficit irrigation caused a significant reduction in grain yield, grain number per head, and oil yield by 49.94, 49.94, and 26.67%, respectively, compared to control. In addition, deficit irrigation increased iodine index, peroxide value, phosphorus, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and oil acidity; hence, impurity in oil and oil corruption was increased. In conclusion, Felix and Labad cultivars are recommend for cultivation in Dezful and similar regions due to having high grain yield and maintaining yield under deficit irrigation conditions.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the agricultural value of two new varieties of beans: Sepehr and Sembol, which were introduced by the private sector with the aim of registering the named varieties in the national list of plant varieties.

These cultivars (Sepehr and Sembol) along with 4 domestic control cultivars were studied in 3 locations (Karaj, Zanjan, and Khomein) based on complete randomized block design in 3 replications during two crop seasons (2019-2020 and 2020-2021).

Results showed that flowering occurred significantly earlier in candidate cultivars (Sepehr and Sembol) than control cultivars (8 and 4 days respectively). As the same way, physiological seed ripening in candidate cultivars occurred earlier than control cultivars (8 and 10 days earlier than mean of other cultivars respectively). The number of seeds in the pods of Sepehr and Sembol candidate cultivars did not significantly differ from the control cultivars. Sepehr and Sembol cultivars produced larger seeds and hundred seeds weight of these cultivars was greatly higher than other cultivars (9.7 and 24.1 percent higher than mean of other cultivars respectively), but the seed yield in these two cultivars was significantly lower than control cultivars (19.89 and 18.27 percent lower than mean of other cultivars respectively).

Finally, the candidate cultivars Sepehr and Sembol can play an effective role as new germplasms in the country's bean production due to their erect type and ease of harvesting, early maturity and consumption of one to two times less water, marketability and production of larger seeds.

Carbon sequestration is the ability of plant biomass and the soil to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide and store it for a long time. Therefore, carbon sequestration occurs when the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide by plants from the atmosphere, is larger than the total soil respiration rate, plant respiration and plant biomass cut (Anderson et al., 2008). Today, agriculture is effective in carbon sequestration through as an important factor in in order to mitigate the effects of climate change. In the past, carbon sequesters are mainly raised in relation to forests. But today, crops production or animal husbandry can also be effective by maintaining plant residues and proper consumption of organic fertilizers obtained in soil in carbon sequestration (Seyedi, 2016). Therefore, this study was conducted in order to evaluation the carbon sequestration potential in canola plant tissues in agroecosystems Sorkhankalateh region, Gorgan county.

This study was conducted to evaluation the carbon sequestration potential in above- ground and below ground tissues of canola (Brassica napus L.) in agricultural lands of Sorkhankalateh region (Gorgan County) during 2021-2022. In this study, 50 canola fields were selected and sampling from the fields based on the W pattern in the four geographical directions of the region. An electric burn furnace method was used to determine the conversion coefficients of carbon sequestration potential in above- ground and below ground tissues (including siliques, seeds, stems, leaves and roots). As well as, the ratio of above- ground to below ground tissues and harvest index were estimated to determine the net primary production based on carbon content in the above ground tissue, below ground and total plant, and the carbon allocation coefficients in each of the canola plant organs. Finally, using the ArcGIS software version 10.3, the amount of carbon sequestration potential in each of the canola organs was presented in the form of a map, and all the data used were analyzed using SAS software version 9.3.Results and DiscussionBased on the findings of this study, the average deposited carbon in total plant tissues in under cultivated fields of Hayola 50 cultivar was equal to 6657.47 kg per hectare and in under cultivated fields of Trapper cultivar equal to 6560.33 kg per hectare. So that the average carbon sequestration potential was obtained in the stem in two Hayola 50 and Trapper cultivars equal to 2012.36 and 1993.97, in seed 1717.20 and 1639.95, in pod 1676.77 and 1608.36, in leaf 602.90 and 615.72, and in root 648.21 and 703.30 kg per hectare, respectively. Also, the shares amount of the allocation coefficient of each of the economic tissues, stem, leaf and silique, root and root secretions were obtained, in two Hayola 50 and Trapper cultivars equal to 21.17 and 20.42, 63.60 and 63.49, 9.22 and 9.74, and 5.99 and 6.33 percent, respectively. In this study, the average total carbon sequestation potential in above- ground and below ground tissues was equal to 6610.86 kg per hectare. The highest and lowest carbon sequestation potential was obtained for stem with 2081.35 kg per hectare and leaf with 759.89 kg per hectare, respectively. Also, in the survey of carbon sequestration in above- ground and below ground tissues in canola fields, it was determined that there was a significant difference in 99% level. The results of carbon sequestration maps showed that there was the highest carbon sequestration rate in the fields located in the west and northwest, and carbon sequestration rate was lower in the fields located in the southern and eastern regions.

Accurate study on the nature of genotype by environment interaction enables the identification of stable and adaptable genotypes for breeders and it has always been an important issue to address by breeders for the production and release of new sustainable and high-yielding varieties in breeding projects. To study the stability of yield and yield components of seven promising lines of mungbean as well as the check (Parto), three experiments were conducted in an RCBD with three replications in three regions of the country, i. e. Khuzestan (Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Safi Abad, Dezful), Golestan (Agricultural Experiment Station of Gonbad) and Fars (Agricultural Research Station of Zarghan) in 2014-2015 for two years. Each plot consisted of four four-meter-long rows. The traits studied were: the number of branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, plant length, and seed yield. A combined analysis of variance was performed. Because of the significant genotype by environment interaction and, as a result, the different responses of genotypes to various environments, stability indices were calculated to determine the stability of genotypes. To do this, Romer's environment variance, Francis and Kannenberg's environmental CV, and the regression coefficient of Finley and Wilkinson were determined. AMMI analysis was also performed. Based on Francis and Kannenberg's environmental CV and coefficient of Finley and Wilkinson genotypes VC6368 (46-40-4) and VC6371-94, and VC6469 and VC3960 were stable, respectively. Based on the CV of intra-location, VC3960-88 and VC6368 (46-40-4) were stable. According to stability analysis results and considering seed yield, seed weight and other suitable characters, genotypes VC6371, VC6368 (46-40-4) and VC3960-88 were selected for further studies.

In order to evaluate the quantity and quality of safflower cultivars forage in three forage harvesting times based on plant phenological stages, the present study has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with split-plot in time arrangements with three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran, during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 cropping seasons. The main factor includes three safflower cultivars (Goldasht, Golmehr, and Parnian), with three forage harvesting time (namely stem elongation, branching, and flowering stages) considered as the sub-factor. The effect of year only on plant height and water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) has been significant (P≤0.05). The results show that the interaction effect of cultivar × harvesting time on the fresh forage yield, plant height, WSC, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) has been significant (P≤0.01). The highest fresh forage yield (52103 kg ha-1) is obtained by harvesting the Golmehr cultivar at the beginning of flowering; however, the highest dry matter yield is observed in Golmehr and Parnian cultivars. The highest dry matter yield has been observed in the branching stage (11900 kg ha-1), with the crude protein content in this stage being 14.57%. In contrast, the maximum crude protein content is observed in the flowering stage (19.22%), even though the mean dry matter yield at this stage has been 9937 kg ha-1. The maximum and minimum RFV (130.3% and 92.3%) are recorded in the forage of Goldasht and Golmehr cultivars, respectively. Therefore, among the studied cultivars, Parnian, and among the growth stages, forage harvesting at the branching stage is introduced as the superior treatment to achieve maximum yield and quality of safflower forage.

Sepehr cultivar (line KS940144) was selected from common bean germplasm (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and in breeding experiments conducted from 2014 to 2018 was one of the top lines in the green pod yield. In 2014, 302 lines of common beans were studied the presence or absence of string in the pod, the number of pods per plant, and the shape and length of the pod in the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) and line KS940144 along with 24 other desirable and marketable lines were selected for preliminary yield comparison trial. In the summer of 2015, 25 lines were compared with the commercial cultivars Sunray, Valentino and Contander. In the spring of 2016, eight selected lines from the previous year were planted along with the commercial cultivars Sunray, Valentino and Contander. According to the results, all eight lines were selected for adaptability testing. To evaluate the adaptability and yield stability of the selected lines, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in three regions of Karaj, Sari and Zarghan during two years (2017 and 2018). Comparison of the average yield of green pods in the regions over two years showed that the line KS940144 had first rank for the green pod yield (17720 kgha-1). The yield difference of this line compared to Valentino and Sunray cultivars was more than 31% and 36%, respectively. In 2019, the results of yield evaluation of line KS940144 in comparison with Sunray cultivar in the conditions of farmers of Alborz, Mazandaran and Fars provinces showed that the average yield of line KS940144 (16355 kgha-1) was 11.77% higher than Sunray cultivar (14632 kgha-1). In 2020, the reaction of line KS940144 to BCMV virus disease was studied and this line was identified as a resistant line. Due to the high yield, excellent pod marketing and disease resistance to common bean mosaic virus, this line was released as Sepehr and is recommended for cultivation in cold, temperate and temperate-cold regions.

Selecting the appropriate cultivar of corn and providing efficient irrigation methods in order to increase water productivity and production per unit area for optimal use of water resources in agriculture is of great importance. In this study, it was tried to evaluate and compare between drip irrigation methods (type) and furrow irrigation on 20 cultivars of maize cultivars in order to determine the most appropriate irrigation method and the best cultivar compatible with the region in order to increase yield and water use efficiency. Also reduce the amount of water consumed.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the growth, yield and water use efficiency of different corn cultivars as split plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the tropical city of Dehloran in 2021. The main plots included irrigation management with two methods of drip irrigation (type) and furrow irrigation and the sub-plots included 20 varieties of corn. Vegetative traits including plant height were measured by meters, stem diameter, flag leaf area, number of cob rows, number of seeds per row and 1000-seed weight. Finally, after drying the plants, biological yield and grain yield were weighed using a digital scale. Water use efficiency was also calculated based on biological yield.

The results showed that cultivars 704 (122.3 days), BK74 (123.5 days) were known as early cultivars and NS640 (129.8 days), 89MAY70 (129.5 days) were known as late corn cultivars. Conserv cultivars (242.5 cm), 704 (225.2 cm) had the highest plant height. The highest leaf area of ​​flag was observed in cultivars AGN820 (279.5 cm2), AGN837 (274 cm2). Also, Conserv (3.33 cm), Barakat 3 (3.32 cm) cultivars had the largest stem diameter. The lowest plant height in BK66CTM cultivars (214 cm), BK65 (216.7 cm), the lowest stem diameter in BK66CTM cultivars (2.8 cm) and the lowest flag leaf area in 89MAY70 cultivars (199.2 cm2) and BC678 (199.7 cm2) were observed. Highest grain yield in cultivars AGN823 (9866.67 kg.ha-1), KSC703 (9760 kg.ha-1), AGN824 (9653.33 kg.ha-1) and lowest grain yield in BK66-CTM cultivars (5937.78 kg.ha-1) and Simon LF (6257.78 kg.ha-1) were observed, cultivars 704 with 348 g and AGN822 with AGN822 with 356.67 g had the lowest 1000-seed weight and cultivars AGN823 with 400.83, AGN824 with 393.33 g, AGN816 and Simon LF (394.17 g) had the highest 1000-seed weight, 1000-seed weight was higher in type irrigation method compared to furrow irrigation. AGN824 cultivars with 24808.87 kg.ha-1 had the highest biological yield and BK66CTM cultivars with 17644 kg.ha-1 had the lowest biological yield. the mean grain yield in type irrigation (9152 kg.ha-1) compared to the average grain yield in furrow irrigation (7980 kg.ha-1) has increased by about 14.7%. The amount of water consumption in the drip method (5966.7 m3.ha-1) compared to the amount of water consumption in the furrow method (8950 m3.ha-1) decreased by 3.3 3 shows. The effect of drip irrigation and furrow management methods on water productivity based on biological yield showed that water efficiency based on biological yield in strip drip irrigation method is equal to 3.65 kg.m3 and in furrow irrigation method is 2.25 kg.m3. Which indicates a 62.2% advantage of water efficiency in the drip strip method over the furrow method.

The general results of this study indicate the superiority of drip irrigation and the introduction of cultivars for cultivation in the tropics. The strip drip irrigation method, considering the reduction in the volume of water consumption, showed a significant increase in the yield and yield components of the corn plant. Strip drip irrigation with lower water consumption was able to produce more performance compared to leak irrigation. The strip drip irrigation method reduced irrigation water by 33.34% compared to the leak irrigation method.

This study was conducted in order to achieve the best cultivar compatible with the climatic conditions of Lorestan province, in a randomized complete block design in the Zagros Botanical Garden of Khorramabad city. In this experiment, seven pistachio cultivars named Asia Mohammad Aghaei, Akbari, Ouhadi, Kaleghoochi, Mumtaz, Khanjari and wrinkles were compared in terms of growth and adaptation to Lorestan climate for five years. The results showed that the effect of cultivar on plant height, tree trunk diameter, survival percentage and fruiting percentage was significant during 5 years. The results of comparing the mean of the data showed that among the studied cultivars, in terms of tree height, excellent cultivars and Kalechoochi and also in terms of trunk diameter of cultivars, Kaleghoochi Ahmad Aghaei and Akbari are superior to other cultivars. The results also showed that Ahmad Aghaei and Koleghoochi cultivars were superior in terms of survival and fruiting percentage, respectively. In general, the results of this 5-year study showed that there is a potential for pistachio growth and fruiting in Lorestan province and the best cultivar for planting in Lorestan is Ahmad Aghaei.

Behrad, a new long eggplant cultivar with dark purple color, high yield potential and moderately resistance to Fusarium wiltBehrad eggplant cultivar (line Y6) was selected, evaluated and released by using the pure line selection (single plant selection) method from Yazd tall eggplant landrace during 2007-2018. This line was selected as one of the superior lines during all experiments including Augment, preliminary, advanced and adabtability and yield stability trials. Advanced selected lines were examined in Karaj, Varamin and Dezful regions. The results showed that line Y6 produced 46.1 tha-1 compare to control variety with 12 tha-1. Furthermore, this line had appropriate quality characteristics. The results of adabtability and yield stability trials during 2011 to 2012 showed that the Line Y6 had the highest average yield, 55.4 tha-1, and stabiltity among studied lines. Line Y6 was releasead as a new variety so called Behrad, with a high yield, uniformity and fruit quality.

Determining the optimal planting pattern and plant density plays a decisive role in achieving optimal yields in crops, including sesame. In order to determine the best planting pattern and plant density, an experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Mashhad region with cold and dry climate. The experiment was performed as a factorial in the form of a basic randomized complete block design with three replications. In this research, experimental treatments including planting pattern (cultivation of one and two rows on the ridge), plant density (20, 30 and 40 plants per square meter) and sesame genotypes (Esfarayen local variety and Oltan cultivar) were examined. The results showed that changing cultivation pattern from one-row to two-rows reduced grain yield by 19% in Oltan cultivar and 15% in Esfarayen genotype. In addition, the results indicated that in Esfarayen genotype and in one-row planting pattern, increasing plant density not only did not increase grain yield but also in the higher plant density caused a significant lower grain yield compared to the other plant densities. In Oltan cultivar and in one-row planting pattern, changes in plant density had no significant effect on grain yield. However, in comparison between the two genotypes and in one-row planting pattern, the grain yield of Oltan cultivar was higher in each plant density treatment compared to the Esfarayen genotype. In addition, results revealed that Oltan cultivar with 567 kgha-1 grain yield compared to Esfarayen local genotype with 522 kgha-1 grain yield, significantly performed better. In general, as a promotional recommendation for sesame cultivation in Mashhad region, we can suggest that cultivation of Oltan cultivar in one row on the ridge with a density of 20 plants per square meter.