جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « زیست توده » در نشریات گروه « صنایع چوب و کاغذ »

The use of various pretreatments, including the torrefaction process, in order to increase the efficiency and optimize the consumption of fuel briquettes, have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Therefore, in this research, torrefaction pretreatment at 180 ºC temperature was used to modify bagasse biomass. In addition, lignin binding agent was used at levels of 2, 5 and 10%. Fuel briquettes weighing 30 grams were prepared using a manual briquetting machine. The physical, resistance and thermal characteristics of the resulting briquettes were investigated. The results showed that torrefaction pre-treatment by increasing the volumetric density of the resulting briquettes and increasing the amount of fixed carbon up to about 50% was able to increase the heating value of the briquettes up to about 10%, on the other hand, this process led to a decrease in the compressive strength of the resulting briquettes, which is used lignin as a binding agent could compensate a significant amount of this resistance drop. The results showed that the number of volatile substances of briquettes was reduced by 9% with torrefaction pre-treatment, which has a significant effect on reducing the pollution of these briquettes. In the study of the effect of lignin, it was also observed that with the increase in the consumption of lignin, the density and calorific value also increased. In general, the results of this research show that the use of lignin binding agent together with torrefaction pre-treatment can make possible the production of high-quality fuel briquettes from bagasse.

The calculation of heating value is one of the most important properties of biomass fuels to calculate the design or simulation of thermal conversion systems for energy production from biomass. Biomass with higher thermal energy value and optimal composition is more desirable for the systems. In present investigation, properties of eight types of non-woody biomass relevant to combustion were evaluated. Important characteristics requiring analysis were moisture and ash content, volatile matter, elemental composition (C, H, N, S, and O), high and low heating values (HHV and LHV) of these residues. The heating value has been evaluated based on experimental (by colorimeter bomb) and computational methods. The content of sulfur is a limiting factor for environmental pollution and was higher than other reports. The high percentage of ash in bagasse Pith requires the use of it as mixing with bagasse in order to increase the efficiency of the energy production system. It is recommended to mix bagasse pith with bagasse due to the high amount of ash in order to increase the efficiency of energy conversion systems. Regarding to the volatile matter, bagasse and reed are superior to the rest of biomass to produce energy by gasification system. The highest heating values were obtained for corn straw and bagasse and the lowest heating values were for bagasse pith and rice straw, respectively. There is good correlation between the methods of heating value determination, so it shows that the proper computational model has been used.

The use of renewable energies, such as biomass, is becoming increasingly important as countries realize that bioenergy present an approach to their international commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biomass with higher thermal energy value and optimal composition is more desirable for the thermal conversion systems. In present investigation, properties of ten type's wood biomass relevant to combustion were evaluated. Important characteristics requiring analysis for the biomass were moisture and ash content, volatile matter, elemental composition (C, H, N, S, and O), and high and low heating values (HHV and LHV). The heating value has been determined based on experimental and computational methods by colorimeter bomb and elemental content, respectively. The results showed that eldarica pine biomass had the highest content of biomass sulfur, which is undesirable environmental factor in the bioenergy system. Regarding to the fixed carbon to volatile matter ratio, Citrus sinensis var. thomson has the lowest ratio, so it is the best biomass for the gasification process. The highest and lowest heating values were determined for the poplar pruning residues (group a) and apple (group b and c), respectively. The highest and lowest of HHV and LHV were measured for P. deltoides and Malus spp., respectively.

In this study, the liquorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) that was extracted in the factory in Kerman province, pre-hydrolyzed and then chemical compositions (Extractives, Lignin content, Holocellulose percent), the hydrolysis process yield and weight loss of the waste was measured. Pre-hydrolysis process was done on the above mentioned waste by hot water, hot water followed by 0.5 percent sulfuric acid and also alone sulfuric acid with different concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 percent) The samples were pre-hydrolyzed in hot water at 150 °C and 30, 60 and 90 minutes as well as in the mixture of hot water and 0.5 % sulfuric acid at 150 °C and 60 minutes and also in pure sulfuric acid, at 130 °C and at 60 minutes. The results showed that the pre-hydrolyzed treatment with hot water in 60 minutes had been favorable performance in the respect of weight loss, lignin content and holocellulose percent. Also, in the case of pre-treatment including sulfuric acid, 2% dose can be good selected option in term of maximum holocellulose percent and minimum lignin content so that it can be suggested to produce higher value-added products such as bioethanol from licorice root bid.