جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آنتی اکسیدانت » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Cryopreservation by various mechanisms, such as the induction of oxidative, osmotic, and temperature stress, causes a reduction in sperm quality after the freeze-thaw process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the simultaneous addition of chlorogenic acid and lipoic acid as an antioxidant supplement to sperm freezing medium in patients with oligoasthenospermia.

 Sperm samples from patients with oligoasthenozoospermia were divided into five groups as follows: fresh sample (pre-frozen semen), control (sperm freezing medium without supplements), CGA group (sperm freezing medium with 100 µM chlorogenic acid), ALA group (sperm freezing medium with 200 µM lipoic acid) and CGA+ALA group (sperm freezing medium with chlorogenic acid and lipoic acid). Total mobility, viability rate (eosin-nigrosin staining) and DNA fragmentation index (Halo test) were assessed before and after freeze-thawing.

 In the control group, there was a decrease in total sperm motility and viability and an increase in DFI. Freezing sperm in the CGA, ALA, and CGA+ALA groups was associated with a significant increase in viability and total sperm motility after thawing. The results of the Halo test also showed that the increase in sperm DFI caused by the freeze-thaw process was less in all three experimental groups than in the control group, and this decrease was statistically significant (P<0.05).

 The simultaneous addition of chlorogenic acid and lipoic acid to the sperm freezing medium can improve the quality of sperm samples after the freeze-thaw process in terms of mobility, viability, and DNA fragmentation, thus increasing the efficiency of this technique in the treatment of male infertility.

Cardiopulmonary bypass and reperfusion injury lead to the release of free radicals and inflammatory mediators during surgery. The use of antioxidants during cardiopulmonary bypass has become a strategy to save the myocardium from the attack of these radicals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine on reducing damage to the myocardium caused by free radicals.

In a randomized clinical trial, 40 patients who were candidates for vascular graft surgery to receive N-acetyl cysteine in Prime solution were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, N-acetyl cysteine was added to the prime solution, and in the control group, an equivalent volume of placebo (normal saline) was administered. The levels of Troponin I and C-reactive protein, the need for shock and pacemaker, and the length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit were investigated and compared in both groups.

The patients of both groups did not have significant differences in terms of ages, sex, ejection fraction, duration of the pump, and Athort clamp. Average troponin 8 hours after surgery in the intervention and control groups were 60.5 ± 1.84 and 5.05 ± 1.84 respectively. 10.37 ± 1.0 and the average CRP 24 hours after the operation was 28.47 ± 7.45 and 55.18 ± 5.74, respectively. The need for a defibrillator was not significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The average length of stay in the intensive care unit in the intervention and control groups was 51.73 ± 10.9 and 55.78 ± 13.5, respectively, and no significant difference was seen.

The results show that the use of NAC decreases CRP and cTnI after open heart surgery, which shows its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect on the myocardium.

The aim of this study was to investigate, the protective effects of ginger extract and acetylcysteine were investigated on genotoxicity caused by sodium azide in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Sodium azide is known as a powerful genetic mutagen in various organisms including bacteria, plants, and animals, and is considered a genotoxic agent that widely affects many organisms.

In this experimental study, the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (0.1, 0.5, and 1 µM) and acetylcysteine (50, 100, and 500 µM) were tested for their protective effects on genotoxicity caused by sodium azide in lymphocytes. The micronucleus method was used to analyze human blood samples. Data collected from the experiment were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism v8 statistical software, with P<0.05 considered as a significant level.

The results showed that sodium azide induces genotoxicity in human blood lymphocytes, causing the formation of micronuclei. Treatment of lymphocytes with different concentrations of acetylcysteine and ginger reduced the production of micronuclei in a dose-dependent manner, leading to a reduction in genotoxicity (p<0.05).

The study concluded that N-acetyl-cysteine, at concentrations of 100 and 500 µM, and ginger, at all doses, led to a dose-dependent reduction in genotoxicity. This suggests that N-acetyl-cysteine and compounds found in the ginger extract have high antioxidant power, enabling them to reduce the genetic toxicity caused by sodium azide.

Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) is a filamentous and photosynthetic microalgae that contains 25 kinds of vitamins and minerals and bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of ethanolic extract of S. platensis.

The polyphenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of S. platensis was evaluated by Folin-Ciocâlteu reagent, chloride aluminum method, and CUPRAC, respectively. The cytotoxicity of extract on HCT116 and SW742 colorectal cancer cells was determined using an MTT assay after 24, 48 and 72 h treatment with various concentrations of S. platensis extract (0-1000 μg/ml).

The ethanolic extract of S. platensis showed an antioxidant activity of 53/7±6/63 mg of Ascorbic acid/g dried sample and was characterized with a high level of polyphenolic and flavonoid content. A dose and time dependent decrease in the viability of HCT116 and SW742 cells was detected following exposure to the extract. After 72 h treatment, IC50 value of HCT116 and SW742 cell lines was obtained as 14/79±0/33 µg/ml and 13/26±1/52 µg/ml, respectively.

The results of the present study showed that the ethanolic extract of S. platensis decreases colorectal cancer cell viability significantly. Therefore, this extract can be a candidate for producing anticancer agents.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Sargassum boveanum is a plant species of brown algae that is widely found in the Persian Gulf. The present study investigated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Sargassum boveanum in colorectal cancer cell lines.

Sargassum boveanum was collected from the Persian Gulf in Bushehr province. The hydroalcoholic extract of this plant was extracted by maceration in ethanol 70%. The concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol 70%) were assessed by folin ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and CUPRAC methods, respectively. Afterwards, the cytotoxicity effect of this extract was investigated in two colorectal cancer cell lines (SW742 and HCT116) and normal cells (fibroblasts) at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment by the MTT method.

The studied hydroalcoholic extract contains significant amounts of polyphenol (36.79 ± 0.66 mg GAE/g dwt), flavonoid (194.66±2.5 QE/g dwt) and antioxidant capacity (526.99 ± 9.16 mg AA/g dwt). The hydroalcoholic extract gradually inhibited cell growth in the SW742, HCT116 and fibroblast cells in a
time- and dose-dependent manner.

Our results showed that sargassum boveanum hydroalcoholic extract may have considerable potential for development as a novel, natural product-based, anticancer agent.

Traffic pollution is one of the most serious health problems in the world. Oxidative stress caused by free radicals leads to a wide range of cellular damage such as enzyme inactivation, lipid peroxidation, protein and lipoprotein oxidation and a variety of diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluation of oxidative stress parameters in the serum of urban drivers compared to suburban drivers with the impact of traffic pollutants.

The present research is a prospective Cohort study. The statistical population of the study was male drivers that referring to Ghaemshahr, Iran occupational medicine in 2019 to 2020. 45 drivers of urban vehicles exposed to traffic pollutants and 45 suburban drivers were selected as a control group by systematic probabilistic sampling to determine the oxidative (NO and MDA) and antioxidant (TAC, CAT) parameters in serum. Data were analyzed using chi-square and T-test in SPSS 22 software.

The data from this study showed that the mean of nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity and catalase enzyme indexes in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants were lower than the control group, while lipid peroxidation was higher in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants compared to the drivers in the control group, which is significant at the level of statistical probability level of 1% (p <0.001).

The results of the research showed that oxidative stress caused by traffic Pollutants decreased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and increased oxidative conditions in the group of drivers exposed to traffic pollutants, which can threaten the health of these people.

Selenium poisoning can occur in human and animals due to excess intake of selenium compounds. Considering the tissue oxidative damage in toxic amounts of Selenium, the present study was conducted to evaluated the effect of Beta vulgaris extract, a plant containing antioxidant compounds, on the treatment of experimentally induced selenosis. 

In this study, 32 rats were divided into four equal groups: control group, the second group received 6 mg/kg  of sodium selenite daily, the third and fourth groups received the same amount of sodium selenite along with the oral administration of 240 and 500 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of Beta vulgaris respectively, for ten days. At the end of the study, serum levels of total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were measured. Pathologic changes in liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung, skin tissues and hair were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. P< 0.05 was considered significant.

Serum levels of total bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in the group receiving extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg along with sodium selenite showed a significant decrease compared to those in the group receiving sodium selenite (P < 0.05). Concentrations of GPX, SOD, and CAT in the group receiving sodium selenite and the extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg were significantly higher than those in the group receiving sodium selenite alone (P < 0.05). Also in this group pathologic changes in the above mentioned tissues were significantly reduced compared to those in the group receiving Selenium alone(P < 0.05).

The results revealed that Beta vulgaris extract can reduce the biochemical, oxidative stress and pathological effects of experimental selenosis

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can causes complications such as oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes. In researches, it has been found that the alcoholic extract of pecan is effective in the treatment of diabetes. Harmaline is an alkaloid of pecan extract, which has antioxidant properties. In this study, models of type 1 diabetic mice were used to evaluate the properties of harmaline.

In this study, 40 male NMRI mice were used. Mice were divided into 5 groups of eight including control (ordinary food and water recipient), diabetic (mice that became diabetic with streptozotocin), sham (diabetic mice received only the solvent of harmalin, distilled water, during the experimental stages), experimental groups 1(50 mg/kg harmaline) and 2 (100 mg/kg harmaline). At the end of the harmaline treatment period, the animals were anesthetized with ether and blood samples were taken from all groups. Glucose, insulin, lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in rat serum. Sampling of pancreatic tissue was performed using western blotting method to measure insulin changes in experimental groups.

The levels of insulin, HDL, superoxide dismutase and catalase in treatment groups had a significant increase and the levels of glucose, MDA, LDL and cholesterol in treatment groups showed a significant decrease.

Treatment of mice with harmaline can improves the condition of diabetic animals.

Cataract is a common disease and oxidative stress is recognized as a major cause in its development. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Phyllanthus emblica L., Acorus calamus L., and Chelidonium majus L.  against cataracts according to the antioxidant properties of these plants in rats.

In this study, 30 neonate rats (8-10 days) were divided into five groups; group 1 (control group) received normal saline on day 10. In other four groups, subcutaneous injections of sodium selenite (30 µmol/Kg) were done to induce cataract on day 10.  In group 2 no other intervention was done. Groups 3, 4 and 5 received IP injections of Phyllanthus emblica L., Acorus calamus L. and Chelidonium majus L. extracts (400 mg/kg), respectively on day 9-12. On day 17, morphological examination of rats’ lenses were performed and on day 30 the rats were anaesthetized and their lenses were removed. The contents of glutathione and malondialdehyde were measured in lens tissue. DPPH and flavonoid content tests were also done on plants’ extracts.

P. emblica, C.majus, and A.calamus had the highest amount of antioxidant compounds, glutathione level in lens tissue, reduction in cataract grade, and the highest eye protection compared to the sodium selenite group, respectively. Also, the content of malondialdehyde were the lowest in groups that received P.emblica, A.calamus, and C.majus compared to the control group.

P. emblica has considerable protective effect on cataract in rats.

 Epilepsy is a neurologic dysfunction caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Oxidative stress is involved in the seizure-induced brain damage. 

 This study aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant and antioxidant effects of pioglitazone (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist used for treatment of type 2 diabetes) on Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure in rats. 

 In this experimental study, 28 rats weighing 20-30 g were divided into four groups of control, pioglitazone, PTZ, and treatment. For treatment, PTZ (85 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected intraperitoneally and 4 hours later, pioglitazone (80 mg/kg) was administrated orally. Carboxymethylcellulose was administered orally in the control and PTZ groups, instead of pioglitazone. One hour after PTZ injection, seizure severity was assessed using Racine scale. Then, the rats were decapitated and the Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activity of Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in their hippocampus samples were measured by standard methods.

 Pioglitazone administration significantly increased the latency to the onset of seizure stages 1-4 and prevented the stage 5. It significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation caused by PTZ-induced seizure and increased the activity of CAT and SOD enzymes in the hippocampus of rats. 

 Antioxidant effects of pioglitazone may play a role in preventing stable PTZ-induced seizures and protecting neurons from seizure-caused damage.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) as an autoimmune disease is the most common demyelinating inflammatory disease in young people that affects the central nervous system. Myricitrin (MYR) is known to have antioxidant and neuroprotection effects, so, the current study investigated its effect on cognitive defects in rat models of MS.

In this experimental study, 40 Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Intra- hippocampus injection of Ethidium bromide (3 µL 0.01%) was performed using Hamilton syringe to induce demyelination. MYR was injected intraperitoneally for seven days after induction of demyelination. Measurements of passive avoidance memory in shuttle box, spatial memory (using Morris water maze), balance (by rotarod task), and anxiety level (using elevated plus maze) were done. The levels of MDA, TNF-α, and total antioxidant capacity were also measured.

Ethidium bromide significantly increased hippocampal MDA and TNF-α levels and decreased hippocampal total antioxidant capacity activity (P< 0.001). MYR treatment significantly prevented the decrease of antioxidant capacity and the increase in hippocampal MDA and TNF-α levels induced by ethidium bromide (P< 0.05 and P< 0.001, respectively). Behavioral evaluation also indicated that treatment with MYR significantly improved the ability to keep information and reminders, spatial memory, balance, and anxiety.

Injection of ethidium bromide into the CA1 region of the hippocampus led to the induction of MS, and administration of MYR may improve memory, motor function, and anxiety in MS models, possibly through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.

Given the importance of Stachys genus in Iran and their significant biological activity, we collected three species of this plant: St. aucheri Benth., Stachys benthamiana Boiss and St. inflata Benth. from different regions of Iran. We examined the free radical scavenging potential, total phenol content and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of their methanol, methanol 80% and dichloromethane extracts.

Antioxidant activity and total phenol content of the mentioned extracts were assessed using DPPH and FolinCiocalteu reagent, respectively. The inhibitory activity of the extracts on tyrosinase was also investigated.

Total phenol content of different extracts was high in the extracts as 98.5-139.7 mg eq. gallic acid/g in methanol 80% extract, 36.8-54.7 mg eq. gallic acid/g in methanol extract and 17.9-44.9 mg eq. gallic acid/g  in dichloromethane extract. Furthermore, their antioxidant activity was correlated with total phenol content of the extracts. Methanol 80% extract had the highest total phenol content and antioxidant activity. Evaluation of the tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the extracts revealed that St.inflata exhibited a considerable inhibitory potential (IC50= 5.4 ± 0.6 µM).

It can be concluded that tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Stachys genus might be due to the less polar compounds and these compounds are mostly present in the dichloromethane extract of St. inflatai over St. aucheri and St. benthamiana

The use of nanoparticles to inhibit the growth and proliferation of cancer cells is one of the achievements of the nanotechnology science. Studies have shown that silver nanoparticles have cytotoxic effects on the growth of cancerous cells. On the other hand, the antioxidant properties of this nanoparticle have been proven in many studies. Therefore, in this investigation, antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Root of Persicaria bistorta L (Bi/Ag-NPs) on liver cancer cells (HepG2) compared with normal skin cells (HDF) were studied. In addition, ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of Bi/Ag-NPs was evaluated using colorimetric tests.   In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity effects, first the cancerous and normal cells were cultured and treated with various concentrations of Bi/Ag-NPs and finally, the cell survival rate was estimated using the MTT assay. The antioxidant activity of Bi/Ag-NPs was evaluated according to the amount of ABTS and DPPH free radicals inhibition.     The results showed that Bi/Ag-NPs inhibited cancer cells with an IC50 value of about 3 μg/ml, while at this concentration they were ineffective on normal cells (IC50: 50 μg/ml). The scavenging of ABTS (IC50: 15 μg / ml) and DPPH (IC50: 20 μg/ml) free radicals confirmed the antioxidant properties of Bi/Ag-NPs.   The cytotoxic and antioxidant results show that Bi/Ag-NPs can be used as auxiliary agents for treating many diseases that are caused by oxidative stress and other biomedical applications.

Coronary Artery disease is one of the major reasons of death and disability. The Aim of this study is to determine the Effectiveness of green tea on biochemical and inflammatory and antioxidant parameters in patients with coronary artery disease. This clinical trial study was done in Rafsanjan city, the south east of Iran, from October 2016 to March 2017. Seventy two patients with coronary artery disease were enrolled in two case and control groups. The case group was received 4 green tea bags daily during 8 weeks. Anthropometric, biochemical and antioxidant evaluation and blood pressure measurement in two groups before and after the intervention were done. Antioxidants intake and diet change during intervention were evaluated. Mean and standard deviation of age and weight of patients in case group was 60.78±11.78 years and 73.03± 11.62 kg and in control group was 62.6±10.8 years and 74.03±12.2 kg. Both groups were adjusted in terms of age, BMI, gender and there was no significant difference in educational level, history of heart disease, addiction, smoking, and dietary antioxidants intake. Green tea intake caused a significant decrease in weight, body mass index, Waist circumference, triglyceride, MDA, IL6, fasting blood sugar, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05). The mean of HDL and TAC were significantly increased after intervention (P<0.05). Green tea consumption in patient with CAD disease for 8 weeks had beneficial effects on weight loss, BMI and waist circumference. It improved lipid profile, antioxidant parameters and decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients.

Oxidative stress is known as a cause of male infertility. Antioxidants are considered as effective agents against oxidative stress. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between dietary antioxidants intake and semen analysis parameters.

This descriptive-correlational study was performed on 190 men referring to the Fertility and Infertility Center of Shahid Beheshti in Isfahan, Iran, during 2016-2017. The dietary intakes of antioxidants were obtained by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Nutritionist IV software. After analyzing the semen parameters, data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation in SPSS software (version 16). P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean antioxidant intakes in men regarding vitamins A, E, and C were obtained as 2081.81±1459.47 μg, 5.52±3.55 mg, and 251.63±160.58 mg, respectively. The results showed that the mean amount of received antioxidants (i.e., vitamins A, E, and C) had no significant relationship with sperm analysis parameters, including sperm volume, number, mobility, and morphology, as well as white blood cell count in semen (P>0.05).

As the findings indicated, the dietary intake of antioxidants, including vitamins A, E, and C, was not significantly correlated with sperm analysis parameters (i.e., sperm volume, count, motility, and morphology, as well as the number of white blood cells in semen)

Background and Cyclophosphamide (CP) is used as an anti-cancer and immunosuppressive agent and it is accompanied with severe cardiotoxicity and anemia. Atorvastatin (ATV) is a widely used medication in hypercholesterolemia that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties at low dose. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of ATV on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats.
Thirty two rats were randomly divided into four groups as following: control group that received normal saline; CP group that received CP intraperitonealy single dose (150 mg/kg); the ATV group that were treated through gavage (10 mg/kg) for 10 days; and ATV CP that received ATV five days before and five days after CP treatment. The animals were killed three days after the last treatment.
Administration of CP caused heart damage through increased activity of cardiac marker enzymes, such as CK-MB and LDH. Histological evaluation of heart tissue showed interstitial edema, necrosis, hemorrhage, congestion, and vacuole around the nucleus. The number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and hematocrit significantly decreased in the group that received CP. ATV significantly reduced the amount of oxidative stress enzymatic activity and heart tissue damage and preserved blood cell counts induced by CP.
These findings prove the protective role of ATV on CP-induced cardiotoxicity and hematotoxicity in mice.

Due to their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, medicinal plants can protect the liver against hepatotoxicant induced injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Allium Saralicum R.M. Fritsch (ASRMF) on CCl4- induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
In the present experimental study, 35 male mice were divided into 5 equal groups. The negative control received 1ml/kg of olive oil and positive controls received 1 ml/kg of 50%-50% solution of olive oil and CCl4, intraperitoneally. Three treatment groups received 200, 800, and 1600 µg/kg of ethanolic extract of ASRMF in addition to CCl4 through gavage. All administrations were done twice a week for 45 days. On the last day, serum levels of samples of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), and ALP (Alkaline-phosphatase) enzymes were measured. Total volume of the liver, hepatocytes, sinusoids, portal veins, central veins, hepatic arteries, and bile ducts were estimated in histological sections. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukeys’ tests.
As compared to the CCl4 - treated group, ethanolic extract of ASRMF could significantly decrease the rised levels of liver and also volume of the liver, hepatocytes, and sinusoids (P It seems that ethanolic extract of ASRMF at low and intermediate doses can protect the liver against hepatotoxicants induced injuries.