جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « استات سرب » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Lead is an environmental pollutant and has destructive effects on the functioning of various body systems such as the reproductive system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroethanolic extract of palm meristem on the process of spermatogenesis in male Wistar rats induced with lead acetate.

In the present experimental study conducted in 2023, 35 male Wistar rats with 200-220g were used and divided in five groups: Control (received water and normal food), positive control (received palm meristem extract with a dose of 500 mg/kg, ip), witness (received lead acetate 0.5 gr/ L, in drinking water) and Treatment 1 and 2 (receiver of lead acetate, 0.5 gr/ L, in drinking water and palm meristem extract with a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, ip, respectively).The experiments were conducted  for 2 weeks. At the end of the experiments, blood and serum were taken from the animals to measure testosterone, LH and FSH hormones, then sperm count and testicular histological samples were evaluated. Collected data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smironov statistical tests, one-way analysis of variance within the subject and Tukey's post hoc test.

The results of the present study indicated that lead acetate causes destruction and necrosis in the testicular tissue of rats. It correspondingly caused a significant decrease in the number of sperms and the serum level of testosterone hormone (P<0.001). Palm meristem's extract protected the testicular tissue and increased the process of spermatogenesis in the treatment groups compared to the witness group. Testosterone hormone increased significantly in the treatment groups compared to the witness group (P<0.05).

The hydroethanolic extract of palm meristem had a protective effect on the testicular tissue of rats against the toxic effects of lead acetate.

Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels and defects in insulin production and function. Contamination of food and the environment with lead can worsen the condition of diabetics. This study investigated the effect of thiamine on the small intestinal histomorphology of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

In this interventional study, 63 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 9 groups. Three groups of animals were considered as control group (A), thiamine+lead 200 (H) and thiamine+lead 1000 (I). Lead in ppm and acetate form was added to drinking water. The other groups became diabetic via alloxan at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Group B: diabetic mice; Group C: Diabetic mice receiving thiamine; Groups D and E of diabetic mice receiving lead 200 and 1000 were named. Mice in groups F and G received 200 and 1000 ppm of thiamine and lead. Thiamine was used daily and peritoneal with 70 mg/kg dose. On the 29th day, histotechnique was performed on small intestine samples and their histomorphometry was examined.

Histomophometry of intestinal structure in mice receiving untreated lead in diabetic group showed a significant increase compared to healthy mice. However, these parameters did not show a significant difference in lead-receiving diabetic rats treated with thiamine compared to the control group. The thiamin improved insulin secretion and reduced turbulence in villi´s of small intestine and improve size of muscular layer in digestive lumen.

Probably the antioxidant compound in the thiamin can reduce some complications of lead acetate in diabetic patients.

The present study investigated the effects of royal jelly on lead acetate induced toxicity on sperm parameters, reproductive hormone assay, and bak gene expression in NMRI male mice.

In this study, fifty four male mice were randomly divided into nine groups: control group (without royal jelly) (n=6); sham group(10 ml normal saline) (n=6); lead group (1000 ppm, oral) (n=6); Group 4: royal jelly (100 mg/kg/day, oral) (n=6); Group 5: royal jelly (250 mg/kg/day, oral)(n=6); Group 6: royal jelly (500 mg/kg/day, oral)(n=6); Group 7: royal jelly (100 mg/kg/day, oral) + 1000 ppm lead (n=6); Group 8: royal jelly (250 mg/kg/day, oral) + 1000 ppm lead (n=6) and Group 9: royal jelly (500 mg/kg/day, oral) + 1000 ppm lead (n=6). On day 35, blood samples were collected from anaesthetized mice by cardiac puncture to assess reproductive hormones and the testes were harvested for determination of sperm parameters and expression bak gene. Sperm parameters including motility, viability, DNA damage, morphology and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were determined.

The results showed that administration of royal jelly significantly enhanced sperm parameters and all reproductive hormone levels compared to control mice, (p<0.05). Also, treatment with lead acetate caused a significant reduction in levels of all reproductive hormones and a significant diminution in sperm motility, morphology, viability; with an increase in percentage of dead spermatocytes (p<0.05). The co-administration of the 250 and 500 mg/kg/day royal jelly with lead acetate could ameliorate the deleterious effects of lead acetate resulting in a significant increase in sperm parameters and all reproductive hormones and increase the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels (p<0.05). Also, the expression of bak gene in all treated (sham, royal jelly groups) and control groups was significantly lower than the lead acetate group (p<0.05).

In conclusion, our findings suggest that the royal jelly has a beneficial effect on male reproductive parameters following lead acetate induced toxicity in mice.

Lead is a heavy metal that causes toxicity in various tissues, including kidneys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of ascorbic acid on lead-induced renal toxicity.

24 rats were divided into three groups: 1- Control group that consumed normal water, 2- Lead acetate group (mg/liter 500) in drinking water and 3- Lead acetate + Ascorbic acid group (1 gr/liter). After 8 weeks, the rats were completely anesthetized and blood and kidney tissues were collected.

Lead acetate caused increase in BUN and creatinine compared to control group. In addition, in Lead acetate group malondialdehyde (MDA) was elevated and glutathione (GSH) was decreased in renal tissues. In Lead acetate + Ascorbic acid group, MDA was decreased and GSH was increased in contrast to Lead acetate group.

According to this data, oral ascorbic acid consumption reduces the renal functional injury and oxidative stress following lead toxicity.

Lead (Pb) is a one of the well-known dangerous contaminant Lead can cause disorders in the process of spermatogenesis. Using medicinal plants to cure impotence and lack of sex cells can have a positive effect. In this study, parsley extract on spermatogenesis in male rats which have received lead acetate is investigated.

In the present study, 36 rats were divided into 6 groups of 6. Animals received lead acetate and extract of parsley for a period of 28 days. After 28 days, animals were weighted and were anesthetized by ether, then the body and testis were weighted and numbers of spermatocytes, spermatogonia, Leydig cells were studied. The obtained results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests.

Lead acetate significantly decreased the spermatocytes, spermatogonia, Leydig cells. Parsley extract with 200 mg/kg dose could lead to a significant increase of sperms in the tube lumen (p

Parsley’s extract effect on spermatogenesis in male rats which received lead acetate was justified.

Studies show that the moderate intensity exercise reduces the oxidative stress and increases the neurotrophin levels in brain, but less attention was given to the examination of exercise-induced neuroprotection after administration of lead acetate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 week endurance training on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rat's cortex exposed to lead acetate.

In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats, 50 days old with average weight of 250±3.79 g, were randomly divided into four groups included; the base, control, exercise+lead and lead groups. The exercise training protocol consisted of running on a treadmill for 8 weeks training (15-22 m/min, 25-64 min). Exercise-lead and lead groups received 20 mg/kg lead acetate and sham group received 30 mg/kg of ethyl oleate peritoneally for 8 weeks. BDNF and MDA levels in cortex were measured by ELISA and TBARS methods, respectively.

Although, induction of lead acetate didn’t lead to significant change in cortical BDNF levels in lead group in compared to the control (1.93±1.26 in lead group in comparison to 1.78±1.13 ng/mg protein in control) but caused a significant increase in MDA levels in cortex in compared with control group (0.61±0.07 in lead group in comparison to 0.31±0.05 nmol/mg protein in control) (p values for BDNF and MDA: p=0.994 and p=0.000, respectively), versus the 8-week training reversed this process so that, caused insignificant increase in BDNF (2.98±1.39 in lead group in comparison to 1.93±1.26 ng/mg protein in control) and significant reduction in cortical MDA in training group in compared to lead group (0.5±0.04 in lead group in comparison to 0.61±0.07 nmol/mg protein in control) (p values for BDNF and MDA: p=0.207, p=0.048, respectively).

The results of this study showed that although, regular exercise didn’t increase the BDNF significantly, but it can strengthen the brain’s defense structure against air pollutants through preventing BDNF reduction and improving oxidant/antioxidant process.