جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دندانپزشکی کودکان » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Dental anxiety is an obstacle to seeking dental care and is associated with poor oral and dental health outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between dental anxiety and socio-demographic factors of mothers with decay-missing-filled (DMF) index of children under 6 years old.

 This descriptive-analytic study included 173 pairs of childeren under 6 years old and their mothers, who were included in the study among the clients of the yazd Dental Faculty. Dental anxiety level were determined using the standard dental anxiety questionnaire (MDAS). Information on sociodemographic details and the mothers education level was recorded. caries prevalence of individuals was determined by decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Intraoral examinations were done by the last-year educated dental student under the supervision of a pediatrician. Statistical analyses were performed using the one-way ANOVA, and pearson correlation analysis.

The average age of the children was 4.7±0.64 years, and 54.9% of them being boys. The majority of mothers (40.5%) had a university education. There was no statistically significant difference in the average maternal dental anxiety scores across different levels of dental caries in children. There was a weak positive correlation between the child's age, dmft index, and maternal dental anxiety (r=0.208, P=0.003).

Although no statistically significant relationship was found between maternal dental anxiety and children's deciduous teeth, considering the importance of maternal dental anxiety in the implementation of preventive oral health protocols, along with the characteristics of the child and family, maternal dental anxiety should be considered. This issue increases with the age of the children because older children had a higher dmft index.

Dental anxiety is one of the complications of dental treatments in children and it is affected by many factors such as gender, age, and temperament. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between children's temperament and dental anxiety in children aged 6 to 11 years referred to Yazd Dental School.

This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study in which 152 children aged 6 to 11 years were studied who referred to the pediatric dentistry department of the Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Yazd, Iran in 2021. The data were collected using EAS (Emotion, Activity, sociability) temperament questionnaire and also MCDAS (Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale) anxiety questionnaire. Finally, the relationship between the score of temperament dimensions and that of pediatric dental anxiety was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient test using SPSS software. The significance level was considered at 0.05.

A significant correlation was observed between dental anxiety score and emotional score (P-value=0. 012, r=0. 203). This relationship was also significant and positive between dental anxiety and shyness score (P-value=0. 004, r=0. 232). Dental anxiety and dimensions like physical activity and sociability were negatively and significantly related (P-value=0. 031, r=-0. 175 and P-value=0. 048, r=-0. 161, respectively. A regression model was used to estimate the anxiety score using the scores of different mood dimensions. The result is R2=0. 1 which means 10% of the changes in the dependent variable is explained by the regression model. In this model, only the temperament dimension of emotion is effective in the anxiety score.

According to the results of this study, decreasing the score in emotional and shyness dimensions and increasing the score in physical activity and sociability can reduce the dental anxiety of children during dental treatment. The regression model confirmed the effect of the emotional dimensions in increasing the anxiety score which can be achieved by psychologists and creating appropriate conditions and behaviors.

One of the concerns of dentists is selecting a suitable brand of stainless steel crowns with maximum dimensional adaptation with primary teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the primary molar crown dimensions with that of two brands of stainless steel crowns (SSCs) in a sample of Iranian children.

 In this study, 130 eligible children between 3 and 12 years (66 boys, 64 girls) were selected. After recording the demographic information, the mesiodistal, buccolingual and occluso-gingival dimensions of first (D) and second (E) primary molars were measured on dental casts and compared with the dimensions of KTR (MeiMeiMinBenjing, Benjing, China) and Shinghung (Shinhungcompany, Seoul, South Korea) SSCs. Data were assessed using chi-square test and Pearson correlation coefficient. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

In this study, the most dimension matching of the teeth with that of SSCs were observed mesiodistally in upper D and lower D, buccolingualy in the upper D and lower D, and occluso-gingivaly in upper D and lower E. The most cases of mismatch in the mesiodistal dimensions of the teeth with that of SSCs were observed in the lower E and upper D. Also, the most cases of mismatch in the buccolingual dimension were found for upper E and lower E.

Both SSCs brands in this study showed significant dimensional adaptation with the primary teeth in Iranian children. The most dimensional adaptation was between KTR SSCs and maxillary primary molars, and between Shinhung SSCs and mandibular primary molars.

Children's fear and anxiety about receiving dental services is one of the major challenges in pediatric dentistry. This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to children's fear and anxiety about dental practices.

In this review study, we appraised related academic articles of resources in Google scholar, Scopus, pubmed and domestic databases including: SID (Scientific information database), and MagIran using the English keywords Fears, Dental fear, Anxiety, Dental Anxiety, Patient Anxiety, and using the MeSh browser between 2019-2020.

The age of children in the studies ranged from 3 to 17 years. Research environments in the researches were the pediatric clinic of dental schools, schools and private dental offices. The variables that were studied in most studies were gender, age and history of dental treatment. The highest number of studies was performed to assess children's fear using the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS). The main factors related to children's fear were age, role of parents, family attitude, experiences of others, history of dental treatment.

To promote children's oral health, it is necessary to identify the factors related to children's fear and anxiety about dental practices.

The anxiety of children and their lack of cooperation during dental treatments have made their behavioral management a great challenge for dentists and families. This study aimed to introduce a new technique in children's behavioral guidance called "Prize-Distraction" and compare its efficacy with a "conventional distraction" technique.

This case series study was performed on the dental treatment of three cases (two boys and one girl) using behavioral guidance methods of "Prize-Distraction" and "Story-Telling Distraction" with a split-mouth (cross over) design. The children's behavioral reactions were evaluated using the "Sound Eye Motor (SEM)" scale during local anesthesia injection and tooth extraction procedures. Our results showed that the samples showed fewer behavioral reactions during the treatment using the "Prize-Distraction" method, compared to the "Story-Telling Distraction" technique.

In all three cases, the results of the sum of SEM scores at different times when using the "Prize-Distraction" technique were lower than those in the other technique. It seems that the "Prize-Distraction technique" can have promising results in guiding children's behavior during dental procedures. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this new technique.

Behavioral managment of young children and  mentally or physically handicapped children in dental clinic is one of the major challenges for dentists. Therefore hospital dental services(general anesthesia or sedation) is an effective solution for the treatment of these children, so we we decided to evaluate the oponions of parents of children who have had dental experience in hospital services. The results will lead to have better consultation with the parents of these children, to accept this type of treatment.

In this descriptive study, 64 parents of children with hospital dental experience were selected as the sample. The parents were selected from two centers, the first group were patients admitted from Kerman city and was treated in one of the hospitals of the city and the second group consisted of patients who were admitted from one of Tehranchr('39')s areas with high socioeconomic status and  they were treated at a hospital in Tehran. They were then interviewed and their statements recorded. Interviews were conducted from all stages of treatment, part to part, from the decision to treat the child until the end of the anesthesia phase. Subsequently, individualschr('39') statements were recorded and coded. And were evaluated based on content analysis.

The findings of this study indicated that the main cause of treatment in this study was dental caries (90% in the first group and 100% in the second group). Complications of anesthesia were the most common cause of  parentschr('39') concerns ( 80% in both groups) about anesthesia, with most (70%) reporting that these concerns were transmitted from  those people around them. Parents said consulting with a dentist and anesthesiologist has reduced their concerns and made them satisfied with dental treatment under general anesthesia. 18 percent of parents described child malaise as a post-treatment problem. 45 percent of parents found staff apprehension to be suitable and a useful tool in reducing their anxiety during practice.

The results showed that complications of anesthesia and non-awareness of the child, systemic disease of the child, probability of prolongation of operation during anesthesia, and possible injuries in the operating room were the most important causes of parental concern about anesthesia treatment, and increased awareness through consultation with the dentist and anesthesiologists are effective in reducing this concern. Therefore, since hospital dental services is one of the best therapeutic approaches for the treatment of young children and patients with mental and physical disabilities, it can be possible to reduce parental concern by raising awareness of the benefits and disadvantages of hospital dental treatment in society,to be aware of such treatment options.

Implementing informed strategies along with changing the attitude of general dentists can lead to many improvements in child behavioral management skills. . Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the attitude of general dentists toward pediatric behavior guidance techniques

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 160 dental practitioners in Yazd city in 2018 were randomly selected and the attitude of them regarding pediatric behavior guidance techniques Collected by a valid and reliable set up questionnaire about five non-pharmacological and two pharmacological pediatric behavioral management techniques. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 software, and T-test.

There was a significant difference between the mean scores of attitude of men and women in using " hand-over-mouth " method (P = 0.034) and also in "sedation" method (P = 0.035) and " General Anesthesia  "(P = 0.041) There was a significant difference between the mean attitude score of under 35 years old and over 35 years old groups. Using behavioral control techniques among  general dentists who visit less than 10 children per month with general dentists who visit more than 10 children per month in attitude toward using voice control methods (P = 0.008), Positive reinforcement (P = 0.002) Tell-Show-Do (P = 0.016) General anesthesia (P = 0.029) There was a statistically significant difference.

the most acceptable methods for behavior guidance in children were Tell-Show-Do, positive reinforcement, general anesthesia, and sedation. Respectively female general dentist were more inclined to use non-invasive methods, and younger general dentists tended to use non-pharmacological methods.

Periodic evaluation of educational programs provides insight into the course and teaching effectiveness. Effective evaluation provides valuable information, which contributes to both student’s and course success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate of intern students prospective of paediatric dentistry department at Jundishapur university of medical science in clinical skills education.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 last year undergraduate dental students in paediatric dentistry at Ahwaz Jundishapur dental school. This questionnaire was included fourteen questions about quality of different clinical skills in paediatric dentistry that was asked and finally some questions were given to each student about facilities of paediatric department and number of their practice in each treatment due to find out their relationship with student’s ability in paediatric department. Data were analysed by Mann-Whitney test in SPSS software.

According to the study results, among 14 different clinical skills in paediatric dentistry the highest success rate of paediatric dentistry department in requirement and clinical skills were in prevention and injection and the lowest success rate were in trauma control and pulp treatment of immature permanent teeth. Student’s ability in restoration and pulpotomy of primary teeth were good and very good

This study showed that the students’ self-reported clinical skills in different parts of paediatric dentistry has been adequate. Students reported a lack of confidence in “control of trauma” and “pulp treatment of immature permanent teeth” which warrants greater emphasis in that fields in the undergraduate education.  
How to cite this paper: Taravati S, Mahootchi P. Evaluation of Student’s Prospective about Clinical Skills Education in Pediatric Dentistry Department at Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Iran J Pediatr Dent. 2020;15(2):e251. doi: 10.29252/iapd-251. 
Original

Considering the different results of dental age estimation tests for different populations and lack of sufficient studies on the Iranian race, this study was designed to compare the conformity rate of Demirjian and Nolla methods in dental age estimation.
In the present cross-sectional study, 185 panoramic radiographs were assessed using patient's medical documents of pediatric and orthodontic departments. The maturation of each mandible left side permanent teeth except the third molars was categorized as A-H in Demirjian and 0-10 in the Nolla method.
The mean age of the participants was 9.6±2.8 years. For both genders, the Nolla and Demirjian methods had underestimation and overestimation, respectively, compared to chronological age. Pearson correlation coefficients for chronological age in the Nolla and Demirjian methods were (Pmale=0.982, Pfemale=0.985) and (Pmale=0.987, Pfemale=0.988), respectively. The difference between chronological age and dental age in the Nolla method ranged from -0.02 to 0.77 and -0.1 to 0.70 for boys and girls, respectively and ranged from 0.02 to 0.76 and 0.05 to 0.9 similarly in the Demirjian method.
The Demirjian and Nolla methods are always associated with an overestimation and underestimation respectively compared to chronological age. Considering the difference between chronological age and dental age in the two methods, the average of differences in the Nolla method was lower compared to Demirjian. So, the Nolla method has more accurate estimation of chronological age. Therefore, in the present study, the Nolla method is more preferable than the Demirjian method.

Topical fluoride may deteriorate dental restorations. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical fluoride on the marginal microleakage of composite resin and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) restorations in primary molars.
In this experimental study, 60 primary molars were randomly divided into six groups of 10 based on the type of the restoration materials and before/after the application of fluoride gel, including FC (fluoride composite), CF (composite fluoride), C (composite), FG (fluoride RMGI), GF (RMGI fluoride), and G (RMGI). Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface, so that the gingival margins were located in cementum. After storing, thermocycling, and immersing the specimens in basic fuchsin, they were sectioned buccolingually and evaluated in terms of dye penetration. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at the significance level of 0.05.
No significant difference was observed between the three composite groups in terms of microleakage (P>0.05). In the RMGI groups, GF showed a significantly higher microleakage compared to G (P=0.029). However, no significant difference was observed between the other groups in this regard (P>0.05). Moreover, comparison of composite and RMGI groups (matched in terms of fluoride application) indicated that microleakage was significantly higher in FG than FC (P=0.024), as well as in GF than CF (P=0.002). However, no significant difference was observed between groups C and G in this regard (P=0.268).
According to the results, the marginal seal of composite restorations in the primary molars were not affected by the acidic fluoride gel. On the other hand, applying the acidic fluoride gel was associated with a higher microleakage in the cavities restored with RMGI.

One of the difficulties of community of dentists, especially dentists dealing with children, is the pain and fear of dental treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of systematic desensitization and distraction on reducing fear and pain in children with dental problems.
This is a quasi-experimental study designed with pretest-posttest multi groups according to control group. For this purpose, 45 children with dental problems referred to the dental clinic of Ardabil was selected and divided into three groups of 15 people: systematic desensitization (n=15), distraction (n=15) and control group (n=15). All of three groups answered to dental fears survey and numeric scale of pain as pre-test. Then, the therapeutic method of systematic desensitization and distraction was performed on two experimental groups. After completion of the treatments, three groups answered to dental fear survey and numeric scale of pain. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for the analysis of the data.
The results showed a significant difference in the score of post-test between three groups in pain (F=197.27; p The results of this study indicate that psychological interventions of distracting and systematic desensitization can be used to reduce fear and pain at pediatric clinics.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of "midazolam syrup" versus "orally administered IV midazolam (PO midazolam)" among uncooperative dental patients. Second outcome was to assess the prevalence as well as the impact of General anxiety and Dental fear on sedation success. Eighty eight uncooperative dental patients (Frankl Scales 1,2) aged 3 to 6 years, and ASA I were participated in this double blind, parallel randomized controlled clinical trial. Physiologic parameters including heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure were recorded. Behavior assessment was conducted throughout the course of treatment by Houpt Scale and at critical moments of treatment (injection and cavity preparation) by North Carolina Scale. General anxiety, dental fear and personality characteristics were evaluated by the means of Child Dental Fear (CFSS), Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Conners’ questionnaires. Independent T-test and Chi-Square, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Acceptable behavior was observed in 90.9% of syrup groups and 86.4% of PO group revealed acceptable behavior by Houpt scale (P=0.51). The ratings of sleep, crying and movement domains were not significantly different between groups. Physiological parameters remained in normal range without any significant difference between groups and no adverse effect was observed. No significant relationship was found between behavior after receiving midazolam sedation and personality aspects including: dental fear, general anxiety, and gender (P>0.05). PO midazolam formulation can be used as an acceptable alternative for midazolam syrup.

Dental schools try to train skilled and competent dentist to promote oral health services. This study assesses the clinical skills of pediatric dentistry among dental students in the Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran.
This descriptive cross-sectional study by census sampling evaluates all of the 55 senior dental students. The data were obtained by a valid and reliable questionnaire. The students’ judgments about their level of dental practical skills were assessed using a 5-scaled lickert device and scoring from 1 to 5 respectively from very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The data were reported by mean of descriptive statistical method for each educational department. The effect of related factors like gender, age, and scantling to enter the dental school, was analyzed by a mean of regression coefficient.
All senior students participated in the study (response rate was 100%). Eight items of practical skills out of seventeen were assessed as high or very high by more than 60% of students. Management of traumatized teeth was presented by more than 70% as low or very low.
Regarding the results, the studied dental students showed an acceptable level of dental practical skills, however; curriculum was not successfully achieved its own ideal objectives, then, some modifications are necessary to be performed considering the skills with the lowest scores.

Thermal and electric pulp testing vitality is of limited use with children, often resulting in false positive or false negative results. The main limitation of the present pulp testing methods is the evaluation of vitality by stimulating the sensory nerve fibers which is unreliable in cases of trauma. Pulse oximetry is a proven method of measuring vascular health by evaluating oxygen saturation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the thermal and electric tests methods and examining the oxygen saturation of teeth in children.

In this study seventeen children aged between 10 to 12 years with vital maxillary central incisors with no caries, history of trauma to the teeth, orthodontic treatment, restoration and par functional habits, participated. After isolating teeth, for the cold test refrigerant spray 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane, for the warm test gutta-percha and for the electric pulp test the pulp vitality tester (PT-20) was used. The Spo2 of teeth was evaluating with pulse oximetry. Then data reported.

All the teeth gave positive responses to the thermal test. The mean value of electric pulp test for girls was 5.69 and for boys were 5.41. Also the mean value of electric pulp test in the maxillary left central was 5.35 and for maxillary right central were 5.77. The mean value of Spo2 for girls was 92.78 and for boys was 92.19.The mean value of Spo2 in the maxillary left central was 92.12 and in the maxillary right central was 92.88.

Pulse oximetery is a noninvasive, cheap method to detect pulp vitality by evaluating the oxygen saturation which can be useful for evaluating the pulp vitality especially in the case of trauma and pediatric dentistry.

Nowadays management of children's dental fear has attracted much more interest. This study was designed to find out the impact of out-patient and in-patient with general anesthesia procedures on the fear level alterations in children. In this cross sectional-descriptive study, two groups of 50 participants (3-6 year old) were selected. The patients in the first group were treated in outpatient service while the other group received the treatment in inpatient service under general anesthesia. The parents were asked to fill out the CFSS-DS (Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale) questionnaire, before and after the procedure to assess the fear level of their children. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, paired t-test and chi-square test using SPSS 16 (α=0.05). In the outpatient group, mean fear scores, before and after the procedure were 26.3±19.2 and 28.4±24.4 respectively. The difference was not significant. In inpatient treated group with general anesthesia, mean fear scores, were 37.9±24.8 and 40.6±28.7 before and after the procedure, respectively. The difference was not significant. The fear scores in outpatient group were significantly lower than those of the inpatient group, both before and after the procedure (P

The role of sucrose in pH decline in dental plaque and its significance in the development of caries has been established. There are various reports on the effect of various drugs on the pH of dental plaque as well as considerable gaps in the existing information in the country. This study compared the effects of five types of common syrups for children (250 amoxicillin suspension, acetaminophen syrup, diphenhydramine syrup, and children’s cold and multivitamin syrup) with a solution of 10% sucrose on the pH of dental plaque.

In this Single- blind randomized crossover clinical trial study, 10 healthy dental students were selected with an average age of 23.7± 1.10 and DMFS=10±1.82. Changes in pH were recorded by a digital pH meter at baseline and time intervals of 2.5.7, 10, 15, 20,30,40,50 and60 minutes following a 1min rinse with each medicine and 10% sucrose solution as a positive control. Statistical and data analysis was done using T-test (repeated measure ANOVA)and multiple comparisons (post Hoc).

The average pH of dental plaque was found to be the lowest at all times (from 6.64±0.38 to 6.39±0.39) in samples which took amoxicillin suspension. Significant difference was found between the medications and 10% sucrose solution up to 20 minutes (p<0.01). The pattern for pH changes was similar in almost all samples and it was reported to be below the critical levels.

All medications tested caused a decline in the pH of dental plaque. The maximum drop in pH was reported to be in the seventh minute. In almost all cases, the pH level never returned to the baseline values for 60 minutes after drug use.

Statement of Problem: Conscious sedation is frequently employed for the management of precooperative or extremely anxious dental patients. Many medications have been used to sedate children in the dental office separately and in combination in an attempt to find an ideal sedation regimen. However, it seems that there is a need for finding a drug with more effectiveness and lower complications. This study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of oral combinations of midazolam/ketamine and midazolam/ hydroxyzine in sedating pediatric dental patients. In this prospective, double-blinded, crossover clinical study, 25 uncooperative children, ages 37 to 56 months (mean age of 48.1 months), in need of at least 2 restorative visits were selected. The subjects were assigned randomly to receive either a combination of midazolam 0.5 mg/kg and ketamine 5mg/kg or midazolam 0.5 mg/kg and hydroxyzine 2 mg/kg prior to dental treatment at the first appointment. The alternative drug regimen was administered at the second appointment. All the subjects also received 50% nitrous oxide/oxygen during treatment. The child's behavior, in all 4 behavioral criteria including sleeping, crying, body movement and overall behaviors, during injection and procedure, was evaluated by an independent clinician who was unaware of the drug given to the child. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and McNemar tests. Midazolam/ketamine was found to be significantly more effective than midazolam/ hydroxyzine during injection and procedure for sleeping (p =0.00, p =0.001, respectively), crying (p =0.00, p =.001) and body movement (p =0.001, p =0.001) and was more successful, according to the overall behavior evaluation criteria (p =0.008). Midazolam/ ketamine resulted in safe and effective sedation for the dental treatment of young children and in comparison to midazolam/ hydroxyzine, it resulted in less sleeping, crying, movement and better overall behavior during the dental treatment.

Restoration of severely damaged primary anterior teeth by early childhood caries is a challenge for clinicians. Due to pernicious nature of this condition, immediate and definitive treatment has been advocated in order to prevent further tooth destruction. It is important to preserve the integrity of natural primary dentition until the expected exfoliation time. The aim of this study was to review all suggested restorative techniques as well as their success rate in treatment of decayed maxillary anterior teeth.

Aside from initial hand searching, all published studies after 1990 were identified by searching Medline, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Iran-medex, Google and scholar databases using “bottle caries, early childhood caries, treatment of nursing caries, children caries”.

For intra-canal retention of severely decayed primary teeth, resin composites, reinforced fiber, fiber glass, treated post, nickel chromium cast post with macroretentive element, can be used. A variety of restorative materials and technique are available for restoring primary anterior teeth such as atraumatic restoration, sandwich technique, stainless steel crown, open-face crown, pre-veneered S.S.C, bicarbonate crown, resin composite crown, biologic crown and strip crown. However, due to lack of supporting clinical data, none of these crowns can be determined as superior to others.

Choosing many alternative treatment plans available to repair carious primary anterior teeth, the operator need to consider several factors such as, size and location of lesion, parental esthetic demands, child’s attitude and behavior, moisture and hemorrhage control. These are variables that ultimately affect the treatment outcome.