جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سیستم دهلیزی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The central vestibular pathway has a close structural and functional relationship with auditory and sensory-motor system. In the other words, vestibular system plays an important role in motor learning and development. In this case-control study, we compared hand’s fine motor function of a group of hearing impaired children and normal hearing peers.
Material & Sixteen students with age ranged between 7-13 years were recruited from hearing impaired specific school in Sanandaj, Iran. Forty-one normal hearing students were selected as control group by cluster sampling method among normal schools in the city. Fine motor function of upper limb was investigated by Purdue pegboard test and compared between two groups using independent sample T-test and X2.
Two groups did not have any significant differences in age, sex and hand dominancy. Although, these two groups also didn’t show any significant differences in dominant, non-dominant, and both hand’s score, children with hearing loss showed a significant lower assembly score in comparison with the children with normal hearing (p=0.019).
Children with hearing loss, probably have lower hand’s fine motor skills in comparison with the normal peers.

Social participation is an important aspect of health in ageing. It is also a part of life and a key element in function that improves physical and psychological health in the elderly. Using assistive mobility devices may influence social participation in this population. Current study aimed to compare social participation in older adults who use assistive mobility devices with those who do not use assistive devices in Tehran.
Methods & Materials: In this cross-sectional study¡ older adults with and without assistive mobility devices were comprised in their social participation. Seventy-nine old age adults (39 women and 40 men) who were 60 years or older were recruited using convenience sampling method. They completed life habit¡ mini mental state and demographic questionnaires. For analyzing continuous data with normal distribution¡ t test and ANOVA were used¡ while Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for categorical variables or those with non-normal distribution.
The finding indicates that older adults with assistive mobility devices engage less in social participation than those who do not use these devices (P Type of assistive device affects social participation in older adults. The results suggest that older adults with higher physical ability have higher social participation. Older adults who use assistive devices face with more limitations to participate socially in their community. It is necessary for rehabilitation team to pay attention in improving social participation of older adults.

Creatine plays an important role in the regulation of cellular energy in high energy demand organs such as the inner ear. It is also believed to play a protective role. This article reviewed the mechanisms and effects of creatine on the auditory and vestibular systems. Creatine transporters and creatine kinase enzymes are involved in converting creatine to creatine phosphate. Phosphate is a fuel cell available in the cochlear and vestibular hair cells and the protective cells, striavascularis, peripheral and central neural pathways to the auditory cortex. It provides essential ATP for auditory and vestibular system performance. Creatine kinase prevents cochlear damage by regulating the metabolism of energy in marginal layers of the striavascularis and preventing free radical production in stressful situations. It also plays an important role in vestibular compensation. Creatine kinase dysfunction leads to an increase in the threshold of auditory brainstem potentials and a reduction in vestibular performance. The use of creatine improves vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and neurologic symptoms. Creatine and creatine kinase protein is essential for normal hearing and balance function and sensitivity. Creatine kinase deficiency impairs the functioning of these two systems; however, creatine consumption may boost the sensitivity of the vestibular system and neurological performance. Effects of the creatine consumption on the auditory system have not yet been examined.

Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) is one of the diagnostic tests used in assessing vestibular function. Two aims of this study were to investigate implications of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential in children with spastic cerebral palsy (7-12 years)، and to compare vestibular function in these children and normal children. In this cross-sectional study، myogenic potential was recorded in 31 children with spastic cerebral palsy (8 girls، 23 boys،7-12 years of age، with mean age of 8. 77 years old and standard deviation of 1. 52 years) and 31 normal children (13 girls، 18 boys with mean age of 8. 77 years and standard deviation of 1. 52 years). Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential was recorded with 500 Hz tone burst. The recorded parameters included p13 and n23 latency، p13-n23 pick to pick amplitude، and threshold. Myogenic Potential was recorded in 31 normal children. They had bilateral responses. In children with cerebral palsy، 21 children showed bilateral responses، 3 children had only right-sided responses، 8 children had only left-sided responses، and two children did not show any responses. The statistical significant differences were shown between the two groups in n23، p13-n23 pick to pick amplitude، and threshold (p<0. 05). These findings showed that cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential can be used in children with cerebral palsy. There were significant differences in myogenic potential parameters between the two groups. More studies are needed to investigate the causes of these differences.

The ability to control various body positions in space caused by a complex interaction of, sensory, musculoskeletal and neural systems, that is generally defined as a postural control system. Thus, the purpose of present study was to examine the effect of sensory systems manipulation on postural control in boys with 4-15 years-old. The statistical sample included 160 boys with age range of 4-14 years-old (in 4 age groups) and 40 male with age range of 22-25 years-old that selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. To evaluation of postural control, the sensory organization test of computerized dynamic posturography system was used. This test is composed of 6 conditions and can be assessed the sensory systems that involved in postural control. Also, weight, height and BMI of subjects were measured. The one-way ANOVA test results showed that there are significant differences in postural control among all groups. Based on the results of Bonferroni post hoc test in condition 1, boys up to 15 year-old cannot achieved to postural control similar to adults. Also, in condition 2, results showed that the differences between 13-15 year-old group and adults were not significant, but the differences between other age groups were significant (P<0.05). Furthermore, in condition 3 the results were obtained similar to condition 1. The 13-15 years-old boys, in condition 4, achieved in postural control similar to adults, so that there were no significant difference between this groups (P>0.05). In 5 and 6 conditions, Subjects in all age groups were not able to achieved postural control similar to adults (P<0.05). According to the results of present research, seems to boys up to 15 years-old could not be process, integration and organization of sensory systems information similar to adults.

Navigation information is processed and stored in different brain areas such as hippocampus. Since multiple pathways has been reported between vestibular nuclei and hippocampus and also cognitive dysfunction specifically in spatial memory is induced by vestibular deficits، it can be assumed that vestibular system stimulation ameliorates spatial memory. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of galvanic vestibular stimulation on normal individual’s spatial memory. In this experimental-interventional study، sixty 18-30-years-old women were randomly allocated in intervention and control groups. Intervention group undergone subthreshold bilateral bipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation and control group received sham stimulation. Stimulation was presented for 15 minutes. Corsi Block Tapping (CBT) test scores were compared before and after subthreshold bipolar galvanic vestibular stimulation exposure or no stimulation in each group and between groups. All test parameters were the same in both groups before stimulation (p<0. 050). There were significant improvement in block span، total score and learning score in intervention group after galvanic vestibular stimulation (p<0. 050)، no significant difference in delayed score (p=0. 600). Learning score was improved (p=0. 003) and delayed score was deteriorated (p=0. 010) in control group. Percentages of block span and total score in intervention group were significantly different compared to the other group (p<0. 050). Galvanic vestibular stimulation improves short-term and long-term spatial memory. This test may inherently have learning effect that is not influenced by stimulation.

Patients with type I diabetes mellitus commonly complain about dizziness، floating sensation، tinnitus، weakness، and sweating. The aim of this study was comparing vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) between these patients and normal people. Twenty-four patients with type I diabetes mellitus and twenty-four healthy volunteers with the age range of 15-40 years were enrolled in this study. A tone burst of 500 Hz، with the intensity of 95 dB nHL، was delivered through a insert earphone and vestibular evoked myogenic potential was recorded. The t-test was used to compare the results between the two groups. To investigate the effect of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) on VEMP responses (latency، absolute and relative amplitude)، the regression analysis was used. The mean p13 and n23 latency were significantly more in patients with type Ι diabetes mellitus (for P13 latency، p=0. 013 in right and p=0. 010 in left ear، and for n23 latency، p<0. 001 in right and p=0. 005 in left ear). There was no significant difference between two groups in absolute and relative amplitude and prevalence of the VEMP (p>0. 050). There was no correlation between VEMPs and HbA1c in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (p>0. 05). Prolonged latencies of the VEMP in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus suggest lesions in the retrolabyrinthine، especially in the vestibulospinal tract. Nevertheless، due to the limited number of examined samples، further investigation with more patients should be performed.

In many migraine patients prophylactic drugs are effective in reducing attacks and symptoms such as vestibular complaints. Therefore، related neural pathways are probably also affected. This study aimed to compare vestibular evoked myogenic potential in migraine patients under treatment with prophylactic drugs and those without any treatment. Subjects included 46 patients with migraine. They were evaluated in two groups; those under treatment with prophylactic drugs (21 subjects) and those without treatment (25 subjects). The age range of patients was 20-60 years. The vestibular evoked myogenic potential were recorded with 500 Hz tone bursts at 95 dB nHL. Mean of amplitude ratio (p=0. 02)، and interpeak latency values in the right ear (p=0. 03) and left ear (p=0. 001) were higher in patients with prophylactic therapy than the group without therapy; this difference was statistically significant. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of mean of latency of p13 and n23 peaks، and absolute amplitude (p>0. 05). Prophylactic drugs probably improve mean of main response parameters of vestibular evoked myogenic potential in migraine patients with prophylactic therapy.

Patients with migraine commonly show vestibular symptoms. However, abnormal neurotological test findings during the inter-attack intervals, even in the absence of vestibular symptoms, are suggestive of subclinical vestibular dysfunction in migraine. This study aimed to compare the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials between migraine patients and normal individuals. Subjects included 25 patients with migraine and 26 healthy volunteers with an age range of 20-53 years old. The vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were recorded with 500 Hz tone bursts at 95 dB nHL. Mean of absolute amplitude and p13 latency values in the migraine group were significantly less and more than the normal group, respectively (p=0.001 for absolute amplitude in right and left ears; p=0.004 for p13 latency in right ears and p=0.02 in left ears). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in mean of the n23 latency and also the amplitude ratio (p>0.05). According to the prolonged latency of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials response, vestibulospinal tract in brainstem is probably involved in migraine patients. However, due to small sample size, for generalizing this result to all patients with migraine, further researches are needed.