جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مدل سازی ساختاری تفسیری » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

In the contemporary context, hazardous waste management has gained prominence within global environmental regulations. However, impediments pose significant challenges to effectively managing such waste. This study aims to identify ten barriers within the hazardous waste management paradigm, drawing from literature sources and insights from experts in the field.

The empirical investigation conducted in 2022 solicited the viewpoints of five managers and experts affiliated with a waste management firm in Kermanshah province, Iran. The decision-making techniques of DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) and interpretive structural modeling were employed to comprehensively comprehend the internal interrelationships and hierarchical structure of these barriers in hazardous waste management.

The findings reveal that the primary obstacles, as discerned through the hybrid approach combining decision-making trial and evaluation with interpretive structural modeling, are the lack of public awareness regarding hazardous waste recycling and the absence of comprehensive policies and regulations addressing hazardous waste issues. Notably, the deficiency in public awareness regarding hazardous waste recycling emerges as a causal factor, achieving a score of 0.54. This factor falls within the category of autonomous obstacles, exerting a potent influence with a strength rating of 10 and a relatively weak dependency of 1. Conversely, the inadequacy of policies and regulations addressing hazardous waste is identified as a causal factor with a score of 0.47, belonging to the category of connecting obstacles. It exhibits a robust penetration capability with a rating of 10 and a relatively strong dependency power of 6.

The proposed methodology is a valuable tool for policymakers and decision-makers, enabling them to discern the interconnectedness of barriers and their hierarchical arrangement within the hazardous waste management framework.

The extensive advantages of the 4th generation of industry led to the entry of these technologies into the healthcare sector. Many countries have been able to create many competitive advantages by successfully implementing Healthcare 4.0. In Iran, the fourth generation of health care has not yet been properly investigated and implemented. Identifying implementation barriers and relationships between them can help decision makers in making appropriate decisions to facilitate Healthcare 4.0 implementing. This research was done with the aim of identifying these barriers and analyzing and relationship between them.

This research was done in 2 stages. In the first stage, using semi-structured interviews with experts and the use of thematic analysis, barriers were identified, and in the second stage, using a researcher-made questionnaire and the method of fuzzy total interpretative structural modeling, a causal model of relationships between barriers was designed to identify the most fundamental barriers. The method of sampling in both stages was judgment and snowball and the sample size in them is 16 and 10 people, respectively.

The results of interviews with experts led to the identification of 44 main barriers, which are divided into 7 categories: " barriers due to sanctions", "Financial and economic barriers", "Hardware and software barriers", "Cooperation barriers", "competitive barriers", "management barriers" and "human resource barriers" were categorized. The modeling results showed that "barriers caused by sanctions", "competitive barriers" and "human resource barriers" are respectively the most important barriers and should be given special attention in policy making.

The results of the research presented a new perspective on the barriers to healthcare 4.0. This perspective is about barriers related to sanctions and competitive issues. As a result, it is recommended to facilitate international communication, train decision-making and problem-solving skills, and develop knowledge-based activities to remove sanctions barriers. Also, facilitating public-private partnership and facilitating the presence of international companies in the field of healthcare can help increase competition.

Effective team building is a combination of team performance in the form of output and the team's ability to grow and revive, and multinational organizations usually include companies or other enterprises that are formed in more than one country and are related to each other. are able to coordinate their activities in different ways. The main goal of the current research is to design the internal relationships between the causal and strategic dimensions of effective team building in multinational organizations active in Iran using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM).

In this research, by reviewing the research background and literature, as well as using the opinions of experts in the field of public administration and organizational behavior, six variables affecting effective team building in multinational organizations active in Iran were identified. Variables were classified using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) which includes six steps and questionnaire tool. Then, using SPSS software and regression test, the effect percentage of the variables was determined.

The results of the research showed that the variable of identifying effective teams as the basis of the model affects all other variables.

at the next level are the variables of team knowledge and learning ability, which affect team value creation and the development of team competition, and the variables of team value creation and the development of team competition also have a positive and significant effect on competitive agility. To the managers of organizations It is suggested that by strengthening the innovative processes and encouraging the participation of employees in group work in order to exchange creative and enlightening works in organizations and as a result stimulate the innovative process in companies, it causes the creation of new knowledge and ideas, the sharing of innovative ideas and finally their application in the value process. Creating team building and empowering employees as a result.

The present study was conducted with the aim of interpretive structural modeling of factors affecting organizational friction in education in Golestan province. This study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in both qualitative and minor sections were experts in the fields of educational management, human resource management and organizational behavior of education in Golestan province in 2020. The sample size was estimated according to the principle of theoretical saturation of 20 people who were selected according to the inclusion criteria by targeted sampling and snowball sampling methods. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview whose validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was estimated to be 0.79 through an agreement coefficient between two coders. Data were analyzed by Delphi methods and interpretive structural modeling in SPSS and PLS software. Findings showed that organizational friction in education has 18 components including defective organizational structure, weakness in human resource planning management, weakness in strategic management, carelessness, work delay, lack of sense of responsibility, functional stupidity, labor management heterogeneity, weakness in system evaluation, inefficiency Administrative, inattention to employee performance, financial and material inequality, anti-sports behaviors, politicization, concentration of control and power, stress in the workplace, organizational distrust and inefficiency of organizational management. Other findings showed that 18 components were at 13 levels; that work carelessness and work time were at thirteenth level with least impact and lack of sense of responsibility in the first level with the most impact.

Background & Financing of the health system one is one of the four main functions of the health system. It is useful to use the capacity and resources of charities for this purpose. The purpose of this research is to identify and design the financing model of the health system based on the efforts of donors.
This study is a mixed type of research. First the components were identified using the qualitative content analysis method and then the relationships between these components were determined using the structural interpretive modeling method. Finally, by using MICMAC analysis, the type of components was determined according to the impact and effectiveness on other components. The studied population in both quantitative and qualitative sections included senior managers of medical sciences universities across the country, university professors and health benefactors. In the end, 9 experts were selected to conduct the interview by purposive sampling method.
After analyzing the data obtained from interviews with experts, 13 components were identified, which were classified into five different levels and were plotted according to the ISM graph relationships.
According to the results of the MICMAC analysis, the components of building trust among donors, lack of government resources, legal restrictions and the economic status of the society have the greatest effect on other components, and at the same time they accept the least effect from them, it is necessary to examine these components in priority be placed.

Organizations today must be run in a highly competitive environment that is accompanied by amazing developments. In such situations, managers do not have much opportunity to control employees and must spend most of their time and energy identifying the external and internal environment of the organization and leave other day-to-day tasks to employees. Employees can perform their tasks well when they have the necessary skills, knowledge, and ability and know the goals of the organization well. The tool that can help managers in this regard is the empowerment process. Club management in professional sports has undergone numerous changes in recent years. Changes in the rules, increasing the number of people interested in management (such as investors, sponsors, members, supporters and the media, etc.), and the community's demand for greater transparency in management are among the most important of these factors. On the other hand, professional sports clubs in highly variable and complex domestic and international environments face many challenges such as limited and ending financial resources, increasing tasks and activities, solving rapid changes in technology, and the influx of different management ways to improve the club's situation. One of the most effective ways to achieve a competitive advantage in the current situation is to make the managers of professional sports clubs more efficient. The role of top managers in the success of the club seems to be important. In a review of 36 Brazilian football clubs, one of the effective factors in the financial and sports success of the club's management performance was introduced. Managers of professional sports clubs are no longer the cost manager and managers of a competition; Rather, like the managers of enterprises, they should seek to create a strong organizational and economic structure and work in space with the idea of increasing revenues, reducing costs, transparent financial system, efficient financial management, increasing profitability, increasing market share and gaining new markets. Competitiveness, success in competition, improving the quality of products and services in terms of their specific characteristics, and these characteristics have made the management of professional sports clubs a heavy and complex responsibility. Empowerment is a process that helps to continuously improve performance by developing and expanding the capabilities of individuals and teams. The goal of empowerment is to create an organization composed of committed and enthusiastic employees who perform their job duties because they both believe in and enjoy it. Also, the purpose of human resource empowerment is to use the potential capacities of human beings to develop organizational added value, strengthen the sense of self-confidence and overcome individual disabilities. In other words, the purpose of empowerment is to provide the best intellectual resources related to any area of the organization's performance. Managers can play a decisive role in the organization due to their impact on the behavior of subordinates and related people, therefore, the importance, role, and impact of managers, and their empowerment should be a priority in the organization's programs. The proposed models in the field of empowerment have mostly examined the empowerment of employees and the empowerment of managers, especially senior managers of the organization has been neglected despite its great importance because until there are no capable managers in the organization, there is no basis for strengthening the identified components of employee empowerment. A comprehensive look at the structure and processes in professional sports clubs in Iran shows that despite efforts to train managers, it still seems that the current management structure and methods in the study community are based on traditional views, these views and Methods In the current changing conditions, as it should be, it has not been able to provide a suitable platform for empowering the managers of professional sports clubs in Iran. Many sports managers enter the field of sports with minimal expertise and only because they are connected to political currents or centers of power. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to level the relationships between the empowerment components of the managers of professional sports clubs in Iran.

The statistical population of this study included 10 experts and faculty members (sports management) of universities, managers of professional sports clubs, and researchers in the field of job empowerment who were purposefully selected. To level, the empowerment components of the managers of professional sports clubs in Iran, the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) technique was used with the help of MATLAB software. For this purpose, in this study, the expert judgment system has been used and a questionnaire has been distributed in pairs between groups of experts in terms of effectiveness and impact on each other. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the face and content validity and the alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the research, the value of which was estimated to be 0.86.

The findings showed that in examining the relationships between research components, the factors that had high penetration but low dependence are: (human factors), (organizational factors), (environmental factors) and (facilities and capabilities) and criteria. Which had weak influence and dependence are: (organization) and AS (comprehensive support) and variables that had weak influence but strong dependence are: (effective communication), (management style), (personal desire), (Professional empowerment) and (psychological empowerment). Finally, using the MICMAC technique, the variables were analyzed in terms of conductivity and dependence.

According to the results, the empowerment of managers in professional sports can be interpreted as follows: Human and organizational factors are necessary reasons for the formation of a special approach to the empowerment of managers of professional sports in Iran. In fact, by improving the necessary skills of managers, increasing the level of managers' trust, not being afraid of losing power, having a proper organizational system such as planning, rewarding, promotion, training to empower managers, and also having a proper organizational monitoring and control system is a combination of There are human and organizational factors that lead to the formation of approaches such as human resource empowerment, managerial specialization and having clear goals. Finally, the special approach of empowering professional sports managers with effective communication strategies and management methods including manager communication with professional sports experts, knowledge of management styles, knowledge of different management styles of professional club management in the world, ability to choose the appropriate management style are combined. The managerial desire of the manager and the creation of special organizational units of a professional sports club as intervening conditions and in the presence of comprehensive support of the club and appropriate physical facilities of professional sports in the club, professional empowerment, and psychological empowerment will be formed as consequences. Management style was leveled as one of the influential factors in this study. Many professional sports club managers choose the wrong management style that does not suit the club's conditions, absolute bureaucratic or absolute human relations styles are not always appropriate, and a competent manager should be able to choose the right management style to suit the circumstances.

Globalization, increasing the regulations of governmental and non-governmental organizations and pressure and customer demands regarding environmental issues have led organizations to consider the necessary measures to apply green supply chain management to improve environmental and economic performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the factors affecting supplier selection based on the factors of green supply chain management in the hospital.

In the present study, first, by studying and reviewing the relevant scientific articles and books and according to the research literature, the criteria of green supply chain in the hospital were identified. Then, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was used to examine the relationships and dependencies between the criteria. Finally, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method was used to prioritize the criteria and options.

The results obtained in the ISM method showed that the criteria of "supporting the green supply chain by senior and middle managers", "optimal use of resources and reducing the consumption of raw materials" and "moving towards green suppliers". They have the most connection and impact on the system and by changing them, the system changes. And the results of the ANP method indicate that the criteria of "cross-sectoral cooperation" and "education and presentation of the correct energy consumption pattern" are in the last ranks.

Necessary arrangements should be made for selecting a green supplier in the hospital with the help of inter-departmental cooperation and training and presenting the correct energy consumption pattern.

The Internet revolution in recent decades and the emergence of smart technologies have changed all aspects of business and the health industry is no exception to this rule.  Despite of significant advances in recent years, this field has been facing serious challenges and the use of smart technologies can address many of them. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an interpretive structural model for the establishment of smart services in the Iranian health sector.

This research in terms of purpose was development- applied and based on method and nature was descriptive- survey. It has also been done using Interpretive- Structural Modeling technique and penetration- dependence analysis in 2020. Data collection tools were document references, semi-structured interviews, and paired comparison survey forms.

Based on the research findings, national preparedness, deployment planning, stage-setting, execution management, task organization framework, organizational interventions and resistance management were identified as dimensions of the model. “National preparedness” dimension was settled at the third level of the model as an independent variable. The dimensions of “stage- setting and deployment planning” were also included as independent variables and other dimensions were included as related variables.

The results of the current study help policymakers in the health sector to use the proposed model as a framework for promotion and continuous improvement in this field and also, achieving the goals of the legal duties of the fifth and sixth development plans of the country in the Health field based on the establishment of an Electronic Health Record System for Iranians with the aim of providing Electronic Health Services, including the Electronic Prescription project.

Among the many factors, researchers have pointed to the existence of a wide range of models and tools for knowledge management success, which makes it difficult for companies to choose the right model according to the internal conditions of the company. Given the knowledge of many health businesses, increasing managerial skills will not be possible without considering the success of knowledge management. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to develop a causal model to improve knowledge management in knowledge-based companies in the field of health by combining themes of analysis methods and structural-interpretive modeling.

The research method is mixed using the qualitative research method of theme analysis, the success factors of knowledge management in knowledge-based companies in the field of health are identified and in the next step, based on confirmatory factor analysis, the results of the qualitative section in the statistical community of knowledge companies The foundations of the field of health have been examined and in the next step, using the interpretive structural modeling method, the causal model of success factors has been developed.

The results of the research in the qualitative section show nine main themes including knowledge management strategy, industrial environmental factors, cultural factors, IT infrastructure development, individual factors, organizational factors, Knowledge management incentives, subjective norms and central category (knowledge management). It came with forty-two sub-themes. Also, the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicate the appropriateness of the main themes extracted from the qualitative part. The results of structuralinterpretive modeling also showed that knowledge management strategy and environmental and industrial factors are considered as the main factors in the success of knowledge management.

The results of this study created a model of knowledge management success and also showed the results of a quantitative part of the exact model's quality.

The aim of present study was to identify the behavioral-educational index of entrepreneurial counseling based on choice theory and to examine the importance and priority of each of the behavioral-educational indicators based on choice theory. The statistical population of this study included educational-behavioral entrepreneurship experts and those were familiar with the theory of selection in counseling, and also in order to collect information, a questionnaire was used to rank the behavioral-educational indicators of entrepreneurship in counseling. In this study, 17 behavioral-educational indicators affecting entrepreneurial counseling were identified according to studies and the research literature. Then, the most important indexes were ranked using interpretive structural modeling. According to findings of the present study, independence, self-confidence, tolerance of ambiguity, mastery, creativity, optimism, leadership, profitability, intuition, self-esteem, determination, internal control, risk-taking, Accountability, interpersonal communication skills, belonging, and the need for success were considered as important factors in entrepreneurship. The outcomes also showed that the indicators influencing the behavioral-educational dimension were Independence level (autonomy): indicators that had the least dependence and the power of influence on other indicators; Dependence level: indicators that were highly dependent on other indicators, but had little influence; Link (non-dependence): indicators that had a two-way relationship with other indicators. Therefore, the indicators of desired independence and interpersonal skills were the most important indicators affecting entrepreneurial counseling that should be considered and emphasized in the first step in the counseling services based on the choice theory.

The purpose of this study was to identify and leveling the factors affecting the effective teaching in Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Mciences based on interpretive structural modeling. In the present study, research method for categorizing factors was structural interpretation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of faculty members at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, and then among them, 9 faculty members were selected as research sample. The data collection tool was a self-interactive questionnaire (ISM); then, content validity was confirmed by medical education specialists. After data analysis, the results showed that 10 factors; teacher’s mastery over the subject, articulation of clear educational expectations, leadership and classroom management, and student active participation in the teaching process are among the factors influencing effective teachingwere considered as factors affecting the effective teaching at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Also, factor analysis exhibited that this model had 7 levels that determined from the deepest and the most influential level to the most surface level and effective superfacial of effective implementation of electronic learning in the model. Regarding the identification of 10 factors and determining the level of importance and their impact on the effective learning in the medical sciences university, faculty members of medical universities should consider and apply them.

Preventing domestic violence against women requires implementing efficient techniques, including effective advertising campaigns. Cause–Related Marketing (CRM), as the basis for allocating part of the financial resources of businesses to good deeds, was invented in the United States in 1983. Besides, CRM has been considered in Iran since 2005; it has currently been addressed in governmentschr('39') programs to prevent social harm. Due to the importance of attracting individuals’ attention and promoting brand image, businesses have become interested in this method of marketing and campaigning in the field of human social issues. The current study aimed to qualitatively analyze the research conducted in the field of CRM to identify its main incentives for combating domestic violence against women.

The present study was mixed research based on an interpretive paradigm and it was developmental research conducted as a library and field study. Accordingly, we conducted a systematic review. For this purpose, we searched the keywords "cause–related marketing" and "supportive marketing" in reputable scientific domestic databases, including SID, Civilica, Magiran, Element, and IranDoc from 2005 to 2018. Of the 182 articles published in Iranian scientific journals, 32 papers met the inclusion criteria of the research. Furthermore, by carefully studying them, CRM incentives were extracted and screened. In this research, using the meta–synthesis method, according to the seven–step model of Sandlowski and Barroso, 59 codes were obtained through coding with Maxqda software. Using Cohenchr('39')s Kappa coefficient, the reliability of the research was established and its validity was approved through the triangulation method. Codes from a comprehensive review of articles were presented as the main incentives of CRM in the form of a practical model for combating domestic violence against women. Then, employing the fuzzy Delphi technique, these incentives were adapted to domestic violence programs against women. Besides, through interpretive structural modeling, using MicMac software, and by conducting interviews with experts, these incentives were prioritized.

The success of home violence prevention campaigns requires the strengthening of the cognitive and behavioral responses of the individuals exposed to the campaign. The individualschr('39') responses are influenced by variables, such as the characteristics of the advertising campaign, the individualschr('39') perception of the campaign managerchr('39')s responsibility, trust and attitude toward advertising, the individualschr('39') psychological and demographic characteristics, and the appropriateness of the advertising campaign to societychr('39')s culture and norms. The individualchr('39')s sense of benevolence and moral judgment also plays a mediating role in this respect.

To prevent domestic violence against women, businesses’ cooperation could be used in the form of CRM programs. The development and implementation of advertising campaigns to prevent domestic violence could improve individuals’ behavior; subsequently, it could improve the reputation of businesses and enhance their brand value in individuals. Governments could also address the significant potential of this novel approach to developing more effective social harm prevention programs.

This study aimstoscore the factors affecting the use of e-learning in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences according to the interpretive structural model. Interpretative structural model was used to categorize and score factors affecting e learning. The participants were faculty members of Shahid Sadoughi. University of Medical sciences. 11 faculty members were selected randomly and filled a questionnaire.The data collection tool was a self-interactive questionnaire (ISM) and content validity was confirmed by medical education specialists. overall 15 factors are considered as factors affecting the use of e-learning in Shahid Sadoughi. University of Medical Sciences. Also, factor analysis showed that this model has 9 levels that are determined from the deepest and most influential level to the most surface and effective level of effective implementation of electronic learning in the model. Regarding the identification of 15 factors and determining the level of importance and their impact on the use of e-learning in the medical sciences university, policymakers and managers of medical universities should be encouraged to facilitate these factors.
Keywords: E-learning, Medical education, Interpretive Structural Modeling

To improve the elements of quality services provided to cataract patients following an interpretive structural approach.

This applied and analytical descriptive study was carried out and the data were collected through library and literature review and during the brain storming with experts for screening with fuzzy Delphi. A questionnaire on the severity of the effects of the components of the quality services provided to patients with cataract was designed based on interpretive structural modeling. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by 5 corneal specialists as well as 6 experts of health services management. The Cronbach's alpha for the reliability of the factors was 0.768, showing a fairly good correlation. Since this method is based on the opinion of the experts, 10 experts familiar with the subject of research have been used and the Matrice d’Impacts croises-multiplication appliqúe and classment (MICMAC) method has been used to determine the Driving and dependence Power of the elements of quality of services to cataract patients.

Based on the interpretive structural model, the variables “technology and innovation capability” and “reliability” have the most impact on the model and were the basis of the model, meaning that the lack of use of new technologies in the operation of cataracts and the lack of patient trust in the health care provider changes the satisfaction of the quality services provided.

Holding seminars, training courses, and retraining in specialized fields to update the knowledge of staff and physicians to improve the confidence component, and explain the time of postoperative visits and proper functioning in case of unwanted complications to improve the continuity of service component will lead to patients’ satisfaction with the quality of services.

Nowadays, the field of treatment as a learning organization is one of the most important areas in the use of knowledge. For this reason, one of the most important functions of knowledge management in this sector is the improvement in innovation and quality in health care. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of developing a model for implementing knowledge management in the field of treatment using interpretive structural modeling method.
This study was conducted using Delphi method and interviewing experts. Factors influencing KM implementation were identified. The statistical population of nursing experts were in the hospitals affiliated to Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. Using non-randomized sampling method and selected according to the features. Finally, the identified factors were interpreted by structural modeling of the survey, leveling and, finally, the implementation model.
The results showed that seventeen factors in implementation of KM should be considered and the most important factors in this regard are senior management commitment, organizational goals and culture. Also, these three variables are less dependent on power. On the other hand, the culture of the organization plays a very important role in the efforts and cooperation of its members to establish knowledge management, and the role of human resources in most of the implementation stages was important.
The final result of the study is the explanation of the relationships and priorities of the identified effective factors in the implementation of KM along with the presentation of the model with the help of interpretive structural modeling. In this model, factors that have a high potential for knowledge utilization are identified as the basis for modeling the model and are emphasized for effective implementation of knowledge management.