جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « content » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Education is the main factor of economic growth in a country, and the curriculum is the heart of any education system. As civilization makes the transition from the industrial era to one of sustainability, educational leaders around the globe ought to implement a learning system that prepares young people for life in a unified society. Every country that has experienced high growth for a long time makes great efforts to educate its nation and reinforce its human capital. In contrast, there is considerable evidence that many developing countries are not doing enough. Education has a legal claim on public funds for at least two obvious reasons. First, the social returns are likely to be greater than the private returns. Second, some families with low incomes and credit constraints may not be able to invest as much in education as they would like, even if a higher income is guaranteed for a diploma or university degree in the case of a successful job search. Therefore, public spending on education is established based on impartial opportunity and efficiency. This paper provides a starting point to explore what skills and concepts students should be studying to lead the future. The curriculum model provides an explicit outline of some of the competencies that will likely be required for whatever world scenario emerges. This study focuses on the key roles of education and its relation to economic development as well as the curriculum as a core part of the entire educational drive of nations. In particular, the aim of the present study was to study the goals and contents of the high school curriculum of Group 7 countries and Iran with a focus on the differences and similarities of cognitive and metacognitive skills, which were compared with Iran in order to reach an appropriate model.

The method used in this study is qualitative, seeking to understand a research phenomenon in its usual environment that leads to a deep understanding of the studied phenomenon. In particular, this research is a documentary analytical research with a comparative approach. The statistical population of the research in the first study, which had a comparative approach, includes all documents, printed and electronic texts regarding the curriculum elements of the selected countries. It includes all articles, websites, studies, and research related to the research topic. In the Delphi method, the presence of experts and experts in the subject is emphasized. Statistical sample: In this research, in the first part, after searching the official portals of the countries and databases, all the documents that contain the content of the curriculum elements of these countries have been found. Data analysis in qualitative research is the process of classifying, describing, and combining data. In this section, after collecting the information and data, the contents were separated into 4 components: goal, content, method, and evaluation for each country. Then it was analyzed based on John Stuart Mill's agreement and difference model. The analysis in the quantitative part includes Kendall's coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis with the help of SPSS22 and Amos Graphics version 23 software. Meanwhile, Maxqda18 software was used in the qualitative part and model extraction. All documents were translated by translators from IACTI (Iranian Certified Translators and Interpreters). It must be acknowledged that the process of translating the documents was complicated and difficult due to the different languages and finding the appropriate equivalent in Persian. 212 participants, including secondary school teachers, university professors, and Ph.D. students in the fields of curriculum and education management helped to confirm and categorize the collected information. In the next step, the Delphi method was used to obtain the opinions of experts and reach a consensus about the studied components. With a 5-point Likert style scale 80% agreement was obtained, which was regarded as attaining a minimum acceptable interrater agreement.

This study was motivated by doubts that have been raised about the role of education and human capital in economic development. These doubts come from a variety of vantage points ranging from whether the research has correctly identified the impact of education to whether other institutional aspects of countries might be more important. They also encompass concerns about whether or not we really know how to change educational outcomes, particularly in developing countries. The eight studied countries were divided into two groups for comparison: (a) Group of Seven, and (b) Iran. The objectives and content included in the curricula of these countries were identified, and then similarities and differences between these two groups were analyzed. The results show the importance of both minimal and high-level skills, the complementarity of skills and the quality of economic institutions, and the robustness of the relationship between skills and growth. International comparisons incorporating expanded data on cognitive skills reveal much larger skill deficits in developing countries than generally derived from just school enrollment and attainment. The magnitude of change needed makes clear that closing the economic gap with developed countries will require major structural changes in schooling institutions. Moreover, the results of this research showed that the goals and content of the curriculum of these countries often emphasize the areas of work and employment and are somehow economy-oriented. In Iran, there is not much emphasis on these areas in Iran. Although the principles and teachings of Islam pay attention to work, there is a lack of attention to this issue in the goals and content of the curriculum. It is suggested that there is an emergency need to review the national curriculum in Iran. Taking help from religious foundations in this field, such as paying attention to work and effort in Islam, avoiding laziness, and contentment, paying attention to halal earning and sustenance, etc., is very beneficial and enlightening. Using the fundamentals of Islam only in prohibitions and outward criticisms and only paying attention to prayer and fasting not only makes students evasive but also limits the main mission of religion which enlightens the path of people's lives and can open a way in their social and economic life. Pointing to the fact that the longest verse of the Holy Quran is in the field of economic transactions is one of the examples of the importance of the field of economics in Islam and proof of this matter. The lack of economic attention and cultivating students’ cognitive as well as metacognitive is felt in terms of preparing people for the future, after graduating from secondary education. It seems that it is better for the planners to update and modify the secondary school curriculum in line with economic development and changes in psychological knowledge.

Considering the importance of virtual learning, this study intends to investigate the challenges of the course content in virtual education during the Covid19 Pandemic. Methods and Materials: This descriptive study was performed in the academic year 2020 to 2021. The statistical population included the contents uploaded in the Navid system, carried out in the complete census. he study tool is a researcher-made checklist consisting of 16 components to measure the contents in both technical quality and educational strategies areas. The data was entered into Excel software and reported by number and percentage.

The training was 100% virtual due to the Corona pandemic. 7740 slides in 12 educational packages were reviewed in 166 sessions in terms of content in ICM Course. Most of the contents were uploaded asynchronously (97%) in an audio PowerPoint presentation (98%), with desirable sound quality (95.8%) and image (92.8%) in the Navid system. In terms of educational strategies, the most frequent challenges in all packages were related to the components of the questionnaire design slide (2.4%), conclusion (5.4%), and out line (13.8%), respectively.

The easy availability of files in the Navid system provided the opportunity to evaluate the content uniquely for the first time. Educational content is one of the basic foundations of virtual learning systems and bears the primary responsibility of education. Despite the formal development of electronic courses in the Corona era, in many cases, educational content is still available to learners in a non-interactive and asynchronous manner.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the content of the research literacy curriculum of university students with a qualitative approach and grounded theory method.

The participants were 18 faculty members and guests of the curriculum planning department. Sampling has been done purposefully. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was semi-structured interview. In the research method, open, central and selective coding has been used. Analysis of the qualitative research data has been done using Strauss and Corbin's three-step coding approach. The process of emergence of findings has been going back and forth between data, primary concepts and primary categories.

The analysis of the findings showed that three main categories (selective code), eight subcategories (central code) and 30 open concepts (open code) were extracted in the content of the curriculum.

Also, in the content of the curriculum, it is necessary to pay attention to the categories of communication and logical coherence in the content, adaptation of the content to the prerequisites and previous learning experiences of the students, compatibility of the content with developments and coordination of the content with the speed and educational time allocated by the university.

Health education status is not desirable in Iran, and determining competencies of health workers seems necessary for resolving this problem. The current study aimed exploring expected competencies of health educator.

This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis method and Lundman & Graneheim approach in 2019. 31 Health education and promotion specialists, health experts and physicians were selected by using purposive sampling methods. Data were collected through semi-structure interview and were analyzed by using content analysis method. For trustworthiness of data, criteria such as credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability were considered.

Our results indicated that the three most important factors influencing SVI or social indicators are number of educated and graduated individuals, number of physicians in hospitals and hospital beds and income level. Sensitive conditions are socially vulnerable. In addition, all cities have high social vulnerability, but Hirmand and Nimroz cities still have sensitive conditions in terms of social vulnerability.

31 people participated in this study. In addition to the themes related to scientific and professional competencies, another theme was emerged in terms of personal characteristics of health educators. This theme was composed of 11 main categories, including ethical and profession commitment, self-confidence, being a role model, being consulted, desirable belief, individual and occupational development, health, cultural competencies, being interested, appropriate appearance, and background characteristics.

One of the sections that readily captures the attention of readers of scientific articles is the title, but unfortunately, some authors, although being competent in writing the main content of the article, and considering the matters related to the writing style, mostly lack the skill required to couch the title in an attractive way.

In this article, using three decades of experience in teaching and writing medical texts and articles, efforts were made to present four structural styles for writing the title of articles, so that respected researchers would not be unaware of the use of other styles that are uncommon in English. In addition, this article tries to introduce 13 methods of writing articles in terms of content and explain 8 of them which are widely used in medical sciences along with examples. Other points that can help improve the writing of the title of the articles are presented below, and at the end, the author provides explanations on how to write the purpose of the study as it is considered a major component of an article.

The review of articles published in English by those whose mother tongue is Farsi or English reveals important and noticeable differences in the writing style of the articles and also the purpose of the study.

Resolving these discrepancies mainly requires holding numerous workshops and familiarizing respected researchers with metadiscoursal differences in the field.

This research was conducted with the aim ofidentifying the goals and content characteristics of themulticultural art curriculum of the first secondary school withan emphasis on Iranian ecosystems.

To achieve this research, aqualitative approach and a research synthesis method wereused. The field of research was 23 documents in the field ofmulticultural art education. The researcher went as far as toexamine the documents until he reached the principle ofsaturation. First, MaxQD software was used to analyze thetheme, and three-step theoretical manual coding (open, centraland selective) was used to validate the data.

The research showed that the content componentsincluded individual and social components.

The target components included knowledge,attitude and skill. Some components of knowledge includeawareness of the customs of different cultures, familiarity withthe styles of thinking and life and the development of ethnicand cultural literacy, some components of attitude, creating apositive attitude towards different cultures, accepting therelativity of cultural values, recognizing different cultures.And some skill components include the ability to understandand accept the diversity of thought and value, the ability to becritical and the ability to neutralize intragroup conflicts.

General practitioners play a major role in the implementation of treatment programs for the mentally ill patients in hospitals and clinics. Also, graduates in any field are the most important and best groups who can express how the content of the curriculum fits their future job needs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of adaptation of the curriculum content of the psychiatric department of medicine (externship and internship) with the future job needs of general practitioners.

This analytical-cross-sectional study was performed on 109 general practitioners working in clinics, health care centers, hospitals, and private clinics in South Khorasan province in 2019, who were graduated between 2007 and 2017 and were selected by census method.  To collect data a researcher-made questionnaire appropriate to the courses of the psychiatric ward, approved by the Ministry of Health, was used. The validity and reliability  of the questionnaire was confirmed respectively by content validity and Cronbach's Alpha method (83%). Data were analyzed by using one-sample t-test and independent t-test through SPSS. The significance level of data was α = 0.05.

Based on the results, from the perspective of general practitioners, the average score of the courses (general psychiatry and mental health and common classification in psychiatry, history and symptomatology in psychiatry, sexual disorders in psychiatry, substance abuse, somatoform disorders , treatment (pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological), drug spirituality) was more than 1.5. (p <0.0001). Also, there was no significant difference between the mean score of adaptation of the content of the psychiatric curriculum content and the job needs of general practitioners based on gender (p=0.363).

The curricula of the psychiatric department in terms of scientific awareness and theoretical knowledge as well as applied knowledge concerning  the identified needs were at a moderate level. It is necessary to provide conditions for the required skills and abilities and theoretical knowledge in this field to be applied and generalized to the practical situtations.

Medical narrations, as part of the narrative heritage, have always been considered with respect and obedience by Muslims. Different groups of Shiite and Sunni scholars (i.e., sages, topologists, narrators, fuqahā, and Akhbarian) have each encountered these narrations in different ways. The explanation of the methodical understanding principles and criteria for the content critique of these narrations are among important issues investigated in the field of " Religion of Health”, as well as the main question of this study, which is performed in an analytical-descriptive method. The findings of this article were the presentation of the following criteria as a methodology for understanding and content critique of medical narrations from the perspective of Shiite scholars, namely inclusion of guidance on both the physical and mental aspects as a requirement for the explanatory dignity of the Infallibles from the Holy Qur’an, a basis adoption regarding revelation or normalization of the above narrations, explanation of "Medical Monographs" by religion, falsity of many of these narrations, impermissibility of acting on a single report in the field of scientific and developmental concepts, impermissibility of practicing the rule of "tolerance in the proofs of traditions" in the field of medical narrations, lack of opposition to the concepts of the Holy Qur’an and valid tradition and their derived rules, lack of opposition to the definite achievements of human knowledge, impermissibility of generalizing "transcendental" characteristic to all medical narrations, necessity of distinguishing between ontological and normative medical narrations, lack of the semantic weakness of the hadith, necessity of thematic study of medical narrations, interdisciplinary nature of research in the field of these narrations, and dissimilarity of these narrations with the medical point of view derived from Greek books and contents of public narrations.

The electronic Personal Health Record (ePHR) improves people’s awareness and care management and leads to health promotion. One of the most important factors that contributes to the development of ePHR is identifying and understanding its content and structure. No comprehensive studies have so far been performed on the content and structure of ePHRs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to systematically review the content and structure of ePHRs  in terms of system information resources, standards used, and their architecture.

This study was a systematic review. Studies published in English were searched using keywords and retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Medline Ovid, ScienceDirect and IEEE databases from 2000 to 2019. Then, the articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluated on the basis of system information resources, design modules, the standards used and the architecture applied.

Finally, 38 original research articles met the inclusion criteria. The results of the present study showed that most ePHRs used tethered or hybrid architecture that allowed users to access ePHRs through web-based servers. Most ePHRs have also used electronic health records or medical electronic records as information resources through a data link. Standards of terminology, content, exchange, security, privacy, and confidentiality of ePHR systems have also been reported in a number of studies. Moreover, the content of most ePHRs was varied due to the diversity of the target population of citizens and patients (including chronic patients).

The results of this study can be used by researchers and designers in designing ePHRs for various purposes.