جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « coping skills » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

In this research, the researcher aims to model the adherence of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) based on coping strategies and disease perception with the mediation of self-efficacy and psychological distress.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with CHD. The statistical population included patients with CHD in Isfahan Province, Iran, with the sample consisting of patients referred to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan City which were selected using purposeful sampling method. Data collection was done through the Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS), the Billings and Moss Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Lovibond and Lovibond Psychological Distress Questionnaire, and the Cardiovascular Management Self-Efficacy Questionnaire developed by Steca et al. Comparative tests, correlation analysis methods, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to investigate the relationships between different factors.

Coping strategies affected the adherence to treatment of patients with CHD, both directly and through the mediation of self-efficacy and psychological distress. The SEM method was used to test the mentioned model. The results of the analysis indicated that all the fit indices obtained from the analysis supported the fit of SEM with the compiled data [χ2 (degree of freedom or df = 94) = 157.54, χ2/df = 168, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.959, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.915, adjusted GFI (AGFI) = 0.877, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.056].

It can be concluded that coping strategies have a causal effect on adherence to treatment in patients with CHD with the mediating role of psychological distress and self-efficacy. The model has a good fit.

The spread of COVID-19 caused many problems in the field of emotional, behavioral and social adjustment, especially in teenagers and young people. This study aims to assess the effect of coping skills training on the indididual and social adjusment of college students durring the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is a quasi-experimental study. The study population consists of the students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran in 2022. Eighty eligible students were selected and divided into two groups of intervention (n=40) and control (n=40).  The coping skills training with a positive cognitive-behavioral approach was provided to the intervention group at 10 training sessions for two months. The data collection tool was the California indididual-social adjusment scale. Data were collected before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software, version 18. 

There was no significant difference in the mean scores of social adjusment and its subscales (social patterns, social skills, family relations, educational relations, and social relations) between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). This difference was significant in the post-test and one-month follow-up phases based on independent t-test results (P<0.05). The results of repeated measured analysis of variance showed a significant difference in the mean scores of above mentioned variables among three measurement phases (P<0.001). However, this test did not show a significant difference in the mean score of the subscale of antisocial tendencies among three phases (P>0.05).

The coping skills trainig with a positive cognitive-behavioral approach can increase the indivdual-social adjustment of college studentsdurring the COVID-19 pandemic. The results can help planners and policy makers in Iran to adopt effective intervention programs to increase mental health, coping skills, and ultimately the quality of life of college students.

One of the factors influencing the quality of patient care and the desirable outcomes of nursing services is the mental workload; most individuals prefer specific coping strategies to reduce stress and mental workload in stressful situations. Coping strategies are a set of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral efforts to change stressful situations. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between mental workload and coping strategies in nursing students at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in the year 2019.

In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 160 students were randomly selected from three nursing and midwifery faculties in Sari, Behshahr, and Amol. Data were collected using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) mental workload questionnaire and the Lazarus and Folkman emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using SPSS version 20.

A total of 88 females (55%) and 72 males (45%) with a mean age of 22.52±1.98 years participated in the study. Fifty-two (32.5%) used a problem-oriented strategy, and 96(60%) used an emotion-oriented strategy. The mental workload mean score was 72.80±14.55 and a statistically significant relationship was found between mental workload with age and physical demand subscale (P=0.032 and p=0.028, respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed between the mental workload and coping strategy in both genders (P=0.171 and P=0.397, respectively). Moreover, no significant association was found between the mental workload and the overall coping strategy score (P=0.066).

Nursing students had high scores for mental workload, which can negatively impact the quality of care provided by them. Additionally, the most frequently used coping strategy among these students was emotion-focused coping. The use of problem-focused coping strategies reduces emotional distress, decreases mental workload, and enhances individuals' efficiency. Considering the obtained results, there is a need to develop and provide appropriate solutions in the field of education, focusing on problem- focused coping strategies rather than emotion-focused strategies, to increase the efficiency of students.

One of the most important factors that affects the effective functioning of a family is the satisfaction of family members, especially couples, considering that the family is a main and important institution, maintaining its foundations is very important in the psychological and behavioral health of couples. As a result, one of the ways to prevent marital problems is to acquire social skills. For that reason, the purpose of this sociological determination and explanation was to reduce the social harms of Yasuj couples based on acquiring social skills.

The method of research was survey descriptive correlation and the statistical society were all married spouses of Yasuj, Iran, from 2011 to 2016 who were 24792 in the year 2021; among them 599 couples were chosen and studied in random quota method through Sample Power software. The theoretical framework was codified through the ecological, social disorganization, felonious subculture, labeling, Agnew’s Sociological- psychological pressure, and social control theories for social damages, and also the theories of Parsons, William Good, social learning and relational dialectics for social skills. The measurement instruments were researcher-made questionnaire; to evaluate its validity, the content validity was applied and the reliability of questionnaire was gained through Cronbach's alpha which was over 0.7 and approved for all variables. The gathered data was analyzed through Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Multiple Regression tests and Path Analysis.

The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated the existence of an inverse relationship between social skills and its components with social injuries. The results of multiple regression and path analysis correspondingly indicated: the skill of empathy and cooperation with effect (-0.551), coping skill with effect (-0.415), the skill of observing social values with effect          (-0.399), self-management skills with the effect(-0.222) and communication skills with friends with the effect (-0.048) in total reduce the social harms of the couples of Yasuj, Iran, the skills of empathy and cooperation as well as the skills of coping They have the most effect. However, the effect of all the studied factors explained the reduction of social harms of couples in Yasuj by 64%.

As a result, in order to reduce the social damage of couples in the family, acquiring social skills in the form of empathy and cooperation skills and the ability to communicate with friends and acquaintances along with social values in the framework of the society along with coping and self-management skills can be successful.

It is necessary to apply appropriate coping methods to reduce destructive physical and psychological effects of stress during Covid-19 pandemics. This study was conducted to explore nurses' experiences of stress coping techniques during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The present study used a qualitative methodology with interpretive phenomenology method. Purposive sampling was used. The participants, including nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, shared their experiences through in-depth, individual and semi-structured interviews. The transcripts of interviews were analyzed based on the Dickelmann's approach using the MAXQDA 12 software.

The participants included nine nurses (six females and three males) with a mean age of 45 ± 5.3 years. The results of data analysis showed four main categories and fifteen subcategories conceptually named based on their nature. The main categories were self-support, family shelter, hospital support umbrella, and community support on both extremes.

The participants practiced different coping strategies to deal with stress and anxiety. In addition to individual mechanisms, nurses sought help from other sources of support, such as family, workplace, and community. Based on the experiences of nurses participating in the study, it is recommended to teach nursing staffs coping methods with stress, especially in times of crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic.

Cancer is known as one of the biggest health problems. One of the most important treatments for this disease is chemotherapy. Because chemotherapy is often time-consuming and challenging, and disabling for the patient, these patients' family caregivers are under much pressure to care for them during this period. This study aimed to investigate the effect of coping skills training on family caregivers' burden on cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

In this quasi-experimental study, 62 patients referred to two hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Data collection tools included demographic characteristics questionnaire and Caring Burden Inventory (CBI). At the beginning of the study, the demographic profile and CBI form were completed by the study participants. The experimental group caregivers were then divided into groups of 5-8 people and were given coping skills training in three sessions of 45-60 minutes. Four weeks after the intervention, the CBI questionnaire was completed again by the study participants during the return to the hospital. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 using descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and paired t-test).

There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups participating in the study in terms of demographic characteristics (P> 0.05); Also, the mean and standard deviation of the Care burden score in the control and test group participants before the intervention were 66.37 ±17.91 and 56.83 ± 14.89, and after the intervention were 75.18 ± 9.15 and 49.30 ±12.93 was reported. According to the results of the paired t-test, these changes were significant in both groups (P <0.001). The highest rate of reduction of burden pressure in the caregivers of the experimental group was related to the developmental dimension (P <0.016).

This study's findings showed the usefulness of using coping skills training method on the burden pressure of family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, it is recommended that this useful and effective method be used to facilitate these caregivers' adaptation to the patient's condition more than before.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of coping skills training on the coping behaviors of students who have recovered from the Corona pandemic.

The study method was semi-experimental in the form of pre-test-post-test and follow-up design with two experimental and control groups. The statistical population consisted of all female students aged 12 to 17 years who recovered from the corona disease in high school studying in Bam city in 2019-1400. Through available sampling, 30 students who went to the hospital due to corona disease according to the doctor's diagnosis and their recovery was confirmed by the tests and the doctor were selected as a sample, and they were placed in the experimental and control groups of 15 people. The data were analyzed using the questionnaire of preference for coping actions (Karuro et al., 1989) and analyzed in the SPSS-20 software environment using the analysis of covariance and Mancova test.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the average scores of the pre-test, post-test and follow-up of the dimensions of the preference of opponents' behaviors (problem-solving skills of opponents, skills of emotional and low-use opponents).

Therefore, the average post-test and follow-up scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group in the preference of the opposites' behaviors (emotional and low-use opposites skills).

 Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is the first and the most important leading cause of mortality in Iran. Psychological factors play a key role in the onset and exacerbation of this disease. 

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) on perceived stress and coping skills of patients following AMI. 

 This is a clinical trial with pre-test/ post-test/follow-up design conducted in 2018 on 30 patients with diagnosed AMI after discharge from Noor Heart Clinic in Rasht, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into intervention (5 females and 10 males) and control (8 females and 7 males) groups. Assessment tools included the Perceived Stress Scale and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire that were completed before and after intervention and during a 3-month follow-up period. The intervention group received DBT at 8 sessions of 90 minutes per week for 2 months. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni Post Hoc test. 

 The DBT had significant effects on the perceived stress (F=6.21, P<0.05), problem-focused coping strategy (F=5.00, P<0.05) and emotion-focused coping strategy (F=15.20, P<0.001).

 Dialectical behavior therapy can reduce the perceived stress and improve the coping skills of patients following AMI.

Coping with stress is one of the most important research areas in health psychology. Researching in this regard requires a tool with strong psychometric properties and validation in Iranian culture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the most commonly used short-scale factor structure, the Carver’s Brief Cope.

Methods & Materials: 

This study was a cross-sectional and methodological study of test type. The statistical population consisted of all students studying at Birjand University in 1977-98. Sampling was available by the method. The condition for entry into the study was the experience of a stressor for at least 6 months. After receiving a medium or high score on the perceived stress level, 629 students completed the 28-question form. Data was analyzed using SPSS V. 15 and laser software V. 8.8. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine the factor structure of the questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirming the factors. Reliability was established through retesting and internal consistency.

Ethical Considerations:

 This study is part of a PhD. thesis, registered (Code: IR.UM.REC. 3/50099) at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Before entering the study, an informed consent was obtained from the subjects.

 After confirming the face and content validity quantitatively and qualitatively, the exploratory factor analysis results after varimax rotation showed 55.139% of the total variance explained by the first eight factors with a higher than one specific value. However, in confirmatory factor analysis, the first two factors, 4 and 7, were omitted due to insufficient power to explain the present variables. Finally, the goodness-of-fit indices of the RMFIA, PFI, GFI, IFI, IFI, CFI, AGFI confirmed the fit of the six-factor structure with the data. Reliability of the instrument was also confirmed by internal consistency (α=0.73) and test-retest reliability (r=0.59).

 The highly abbreviated 6-item form of Carver’s Brief Cope showed good validity and reliability in the student sample and can be used in health psychology studies.

Nurses are more susceptible to stress due because of their career nature.  However, stress management is one of the components of health education. 

The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of teaching the stress coping skills on occupational stress in Iranian nurses.

The current study was systematic review and meta-analysis performed until the early of April 2019. By searching phrases of “job stress, stress, nursing and nurse” in Persian databases such as SID, Mag Iran, Iran Medex, Iran Doc, and English equivalents including Scopus, Pub med, Web-of-science, Proquest, and Science direct, all relevant studies were extracted by using Boolean "AND" and "OR". Google Scholar search engine was searched in both Persian and English. The methodological quality of the papers was examined using the Cochrane-risk-of-bias tool.  Data were analyzed by the random effects model and heterogeneity by I2 index using STATA 11.

Of a total of 1069 extracted studies, six studies have investigated the effect of stress coping skill training on occupational stress in nurses. The joint effect size (-1.77) indicated a reduction in the effect of interventions on stress, but the heterogeneity was very high (I2 = 3.85%). The results of meta-regression showed that none of the variables in the study such as publication year, sample size, and male to female ratio were heterogeneous.  To control heterogeneity, it reached zero (I2 = 0/00%) by the elimination of cast-away studies and the results showed that the interventions significantly reduced stress (Effect size: -0.57 (-0.81 -0.34) P< 0.001).

Regarding the effect of training the stress coping skills on mitigating stressin nurses’ job it is recommended to implement interventional educations to reduce the stress of nurses.

Stress is unavoidable among the medical profession, and has become an integral part of professional life in some fields such as surgery and anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to determine the perceived stress with coping styles of stressful situations among the residents of surgery and anesthesiology.

 The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, in 2019. The samples were enrolled the study using census sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included three questionnaires of demographic characteristics, perceived stress scale, and questionnaire to deal with stressful situations. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, and chi-square, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey tests via SPSS software.

The mean perceived stress did not differ significantly between the two groups of surgery and anesthesiology residents (P = 0.370). There was a significant relationship between the age and frequency of stress management styles among surgery residents (P = 0.020). Surgery residents significantly used problem-oriented coping method more when the mean perceived stress level was lower (P = 0.011). In the anesthesiology group, the level of stress level was almost the same in all three coping styles, and there was no significant difference (P = 0.160). Moreover, using the Tukey test, in the surgical group, the mean perceived stress level was significantly less when using problem-oriented coping style, compared to emotion-centered stress coping style (P = 0.008).

 Among surgery residents, low perceived stress is an effective factor in the use of effective (problem-oriented) method in dealing with stress. Increasing in age and experience in the field of work, make people use effective coping style; possibly, having more responsibility in the operating room makes the surgery residents use more effective and efficient ways to deal with stress.