جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "driving behavior" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The increasing frequency of traffic accidents within public transportation systems leads to economic and public health challenges. It is essential to investigate predictive factors for high-risk driving behaviors, encompassing physical, psychological, personality, and health-related aspects.

The present study examines the correlation between a driver's "Mizaj" (temperament) and their driving behavior, as well as the associated risk of accidents. Additionally, the study evaluates the link between smoking habits and drivers' behavior.

In this cross-sectional study conducted in Tehran, Iran, a total of 253 bus drivers participated. They were evaluated using a temperament questionnaire, the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire, data on smoking habits, driving experience, and the number of accidents over the past three years. Correlations among temperament, smoking habits, driving behavior factors, and accident frequencies were determined by Pearson's correlation coefficients.

Among the study participants, 97 reported one or more traffic accidents while driving. Statistically significant associations were found between road accidents and factors such as driving experience, smoking, type of temperament, and driving behavior. It is noteworthy that drivers with a hot temperament had a higher incidence of accidents compared to those with cold or moderate temperaments (P-value < 0.05). Moreover, smokers reported significantly more accidents (P-value < 0.01) and higher scores for violations and errors in driving behavior (P-value < 0.01). In addition, drivers with a first-grade driver's license and more than 15 years of experience reported a significantly lower number of accidents (P-value < 0.05).

The results of the present research indicate a clear association between temperament and driving behavior. Bus drivers with a hot temperament were more prone to accidents, violations, and driving errors compared to those with cold or moderate temperaments. Furthermore, drivers with a dry temperament faced a higher risk of accidents than those with a wet temperament.

Driving behavior is a multifactor and high-risk behavior that was affected by several factors such as, individual, social and situational. Therefore, the present research aimed to study the mediating role of cognitive flexibility on the relationship between personality traits and driving behavior.

Method was descriptive- correlation SEM. The statistical population comprised of all the male drivers of intercity buses in Tehran terminals. 210 participants were selected by multi cluster sampling and completed the questionnaires of Manchester Driving Behavior (MDBQ), NEO FiveFactor (NEO-FFI) and Cognitive Flexibility (CFI). Data analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and the soft wares of Amos-21 and SPSS-19.

The results showed that the personality traits of neuroticism, agreeableness and conscientiousness have a direct effect on high-risk driving behaviors. Also, personality traits of neuroticism, extroversion, and conscientiousness have an indirect effect on high-risk driving behaviors through cognitive flexibility (p<. 05).

Cognitive flexibility mediates on the relationship of personality traits of neuroticism, extroversion and conscientiousness with high-risk driving behaviors. Therefore, according to the effect of human factors in high-risk driving behaviors was suggested to develop a psychoeducational package for promoting safe driving behaviors in drivers.

Underlying psychological causes of road accidents needs to be more identified in Iran. According to studies, human errors are the most effective factor of driving accidents. The purpose of this study was to identify dangerous driving behaviors among professional drivers in Kashan.

Data for this descriptive cross‑sectional study were collected in Occupational Medicine Center of Kashan, Truckers Cooperative, andAran and Bidgol Kavir Steel Company during autumn 2017 and winter 2018. Demographic information and Driving Behavior Questionnaire were completed. Data were analyzed using Chi‑square and one‑wayANOVAtests by SPSS version 16.

Studied drivers included 61 (20.1%) bus, 95 (31.4%) truck, and 147 (48.5%) trailer drivers aged 43.15 ± 10.29 with 19.48 ± 11.34 years of driving experience. Fifty‑nine drivers (19.5%) had at least one accident; of them, 10 (17%) resulted in death. Seventy‑two drivers (23.7%) received up to 20 penalties. There was a significant relationship between type of vehicle and age, work experience, number of working days per week, average driving speed, and smoking. There was a statistically significant relationship between slip and accident (P = 0.007). Penalties in bus drivers were significantly related to mistake (P = 0.026) and slips(P = 0.027). There was a statistically significant relationship between penalty and risky violations (P = 0.002), slips (P = 0.002), highway violations (P = 0.003), mistake (P = 0.029), and general behavior (P = 0.001) in trailer drivers.

Assessing driving behavior and screening procedures when selecting professional drivers can reduce the incidence of accidents.

To investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) score and driving behaviors among motorcycle drivers in Iran.

This multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 1747 motorcyclists in three cities of Iran. We used a random sampling method in this study and gathered data using two standard questionnaires. Data were presented using descriptive statistics, also t-test, and ANOVA used for analysis.

The mean age of participants was 27.41±8.80 years. ADHD scores of the participants ranged from 0 to 87, with a mean score 31±15.86. All risky driving behaviors (RDBs) were significantly associated with a higher mean of ADHD score. For example, driving with illegal speed (p<0.001), not wearing a crash helmet (p=0.016), driving while exhausting (p<0.001), talking with other passengers (p<0.001), being fined by the police in the past year (p=0.028), and maneuvering while driving (p<0.001) were related to a higher mean of ADHD score.

All RDBs were significantly associated with the ADHD score among motorcyclists in Iran. In this regard, health care providers should inform people with ADHD about the negative consequences associated with driving and ADHD. Public health policymakers should consider management of ADHD through a comprehensive approach to improve driving performance and competencies among motorcyclists in order to decrease RDBs and traffic accidents.

The present study explored whether emotional intelligence and social cognitive variables were related to risky driving behavior (speed and lane deviations). Driving behavior is considered a key predictive factor in road traffic accidents. The sample comprised 75 adults aged between 20- 30 years (M = 26.80, SD = 3.175) with a valid driver’s license. The emotional intelligence was assessed by the self-report Bar-on Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) and driving behavior was measured using a driving simulator. Different driving behaviors, including speed and lane deviations, were recorded. The objective data obtained from the simulator were compared with the scores obtained from the EQ. The spearman correlations revealed that age, driving experience, and accident cases were related to the driving behavior. There was a significant negative relationship between the average speed on roads with all of the emotional intelligence subscales, except for assertiveness (r=.448), whose correlation was found to be positive. The lane deviation score showed a significant negative relationship with the subscales of emotional intelligence except for assertiveness (r=.873). In order to facilitate safer behaviors in traffic and reduce the number of accidents, it is recommended to develop programs for changing the attitude of those road users who are more likely to engage in risky behavior and encouraging safe and responsible drivers.

Traffic violations and aggression are often regarded as social phenomena with important social and economic consequences. The present study investigated the potential contribution of demographic variables, driving anger and aggression on predicting aggressive driving behavior. The sample population consisted of 168 male drivers with an age range of 19–30 years old and the average driving experience of 9 years. All participants filled out the self-reported scales that assess driving anger, aggression dimension, and driving behaviors. Based on the participants' responses to the trait-anger dimensions in Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, they were re-categorized in three driving anger categories of high-trait-anger, medium-trait-anger, and low-trait-anger. All of the participants had a driving certificate. The main results of this research indicate that: (1) for almost all variables, the effect of anger was significant; (2) anger situation had a contribution in the prediction of lapse, errors, and violations; (3) demographic variables, driving anger, and aggression were all involved in predicting driving behavior in a complementary manner; and (4) aggression was the best predictor of violations. Future research is recommended to continue to investigate the effect of various environmental, social, psychological, and personality factors on risky driving behaviors in order to identify treatment and prevention strategies for this societal concern.

World Health Organization findings shows that up to year 2020 the number of fatality due to driving accidents will increases up to 65%, which is 80% is in developing countries. Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accident mortality rate in the world.

The cross-sectional study was carried out in the center and west of Iran upon 540 ordinary and taxi drivers who were driving regularly from bus terminals and the travel agencies to other cities. Data collection tool is a questionnaire that measuring driving risk taking by two items of risky driving behaviors and risk taking attitudes.

The results of this study showed that the averages of risk driving behaviors scores were higher than the average of risk taking attitudes scores. The results of logistic regression test showed that the risky driving behaviors can be a predictor of driving accidents due to individuals’ risk taking (P = 0.014). Among all these variables, attitude toward rule violations and speeding, aggressive driving and violation of the road laws respectively are important predictive of drivers’ risk taking (P < 0.0010). Discussion and

Although attitude toward risk taking has been located at a low level by different ways, a desired result was not obtained from the reduction of those high risky behaviors; in fact, high-rate of accidents and traffic incidence in Iran indicates this matter well.