جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "energy expenditure" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Regarding sports drinks’ role in substrate oxidation, the present study investigated the effect of grape syrup intake on metabolic rate and substrate oxidation after sprint intermittent exercise in active male students.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 12 active male college students (body mass = 62.77 ± 9.05 kg; height = 173 ± 6.78 cm; BMI = 21 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were divided into two groups and performed two separate exercise sessions after grape syrup (1.1 mL/kg. body weight) or placebo intake. In the exercise session, subjects performed four 30-second Wingate tests (75 g / kg body weight) with a 5-minute rest period. Energy expenditure (EE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), fat oxidation (FO), heart rate (HR), and oxygen intake (VO2) were assessed 5 minutes before, during, and 30 minutes after exercise. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed-model ANOVA with repeated measures.

The results showed only between-group differences in respiratory exchange ratio (P = 0.04). However, the effect of time was significant between different situations (before, during, and after SIE) on all variables (P < 0.05). No time-group interaction effect was also observed in investigated variables (P > 0.05). The effect of different measurement times showed that in the post-SIE period, RER and fat oxidation rate values respectively decreased and increased compared to pre-SIE (P < 0.05) in both situations.

The grape syrup intake improved metabolic rate and substrate oxidation during the recovery period after SIE, comparable to the placebo-containing synthetic carbohydrates. Therefore, it is recommended to use this herbal supplement as a substitute for a carbohydrate drink during SIE. However, more research is needed in this case.

 Cardiac index (CI) and metabolic response to surgery are important indicators of the course of the intraoperative period.

 This study aimed to determine the effect of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and propofol on CI and metabolic outcomes during aortic and mitral valve replacement in adults.

 In this single-center prospective randomized controlled clinical study, a total of 75 patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups according to the type of anesthesia: The propofol group (n = 25), the sevoflurane group (n = 25), and the isoflurane group (n = 25). Cardiac stroke volume (SV) was determined by intraesophageal echocardiography (SV = end-diastolic volume – end-systolic volume). Cardiac output (CO) and CI were calculated according to the formulas. Oxygen consumption during surgery = CI × arteriovenous difference. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine energy expenditure during anesthesia using a spirometry device.

 The use of anesthetics did not change CI. Cardiac index decreased from 3 to 2.9 L/min/m2 in the propofol group, increased from 3.1 to 3.2 L/min/m2 in the sevoflurane group, and decreased from 2.9 to 2.7 L/min/m2 in the isoflurane group. Compared to inhaled anesthetics, propofol significantly reduced VO2 from 179.1 to 135.7 mL/min/m2. Propofol reduced energy expenditure from 1483.7 to 1333.5 kcal.

 Volatile anesthetics, propofol has practically no effect on CI in an uncomplicated surgery. Anesthesia with propofol is associated with lower VO2 and better oxygen delivery to tissues. Energy consumption during propofol anesthesia decreases.

Referees are an integral part of every handball match which is considered a high-intensity activity and they need to follow the action as close as possible to avoid mistakes in their decisions.

This research aimed to determine the physiological loads of referees during handball matches and whether a higher physiological load during the match has a significant effect on the quality of refereeing. Also, RPE was tested to determine if referees are aware of loads during the match.

The subject sample consisted of 32 handball referees in Premier Croatian handball. The first phase of research was conducted in the laboratory with functional abilities tests and the second phase was the measurement of physiological loads and quality of refereeing on official matches.

The correlation of physiological loads (time above anaerobic threshold zone) and quality of refereeing showed no significant correlation (R=0.25/R²=0.06/p<0.18), while RPE estimations of referees correlate with measured physiological demands during matches (r=0.55, p<0.05). Physiological loads of handball referees during the match is a high-intensity activity with an average energy expenditure of 1025.37±210.19 kilocalories.

Referees are exposed to high physiological loads during handball matches, but there is no correlation with the quality of refereeing measured in time above the anaerobic threshold zone. Referees should conduct programmed training to increase their level of functional abilities with special emphasis on increasing anaerobic capacity which is not satisfactory along with their lactic acid tolerance.

Females' golf course lengths have been reduced due to their strength characteristics, leading to shorter shot distances than men. Although the golf game requires different physical conditions for females and males, the physiological demands of both genders are unknown.

This study aimed to investigate the physiological responses of female and male golfers during 18 holes golf games.

Twentynine elite golf players (females:11, males:14) with 1-10 handicaps participated in the study (age: 17.76±2.05 years and handicaps: 5.4±2.9). The players' physiological responses were assessed using BioHarness 3 Zephry wireless supported heart rate monitor. Perceived exertion rates of the players were enrolled using Borg Scale.

Female golf players had significantly higher heart rate values and energy expenditures than male golf players during 18 holes golf games (P<0.05). Although playing golf produced higher physiologic demands in female players, there was no difference in perceived exertion rates (P>0.05).

Although the golf game is facilitated by changing the course length for female golf players, it has been investigated that they encountered greater physiological demands than males. However, the perceived exertion rates of females were similar to those of males during the golf course play. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the physiological demands of female and male golf players during 18 holes golf games. It can be suggested that female players should not compete in the same category as male players, despite the game being simplified by changing the course length.

The purpose of this study was evaluating the effect of core stabilization trainings with Thera-band on energy expenditure, static balance, pain, and functional disability in patients with mechanical low back pain (MLBP).

A total of 30 women with MLBP (height 163.9±4.73, weight 60.4±2.17, age 27±2.6) participated in this research. Pain severity, functional disability, static balance, and energy expenditure were measured using VAS, Oswestry, Force plate, and Polar activity watch, respectively. To analyze data ANCOVA was used (P<0.05).

Data analysis with ANCOVA revealed a significant difference in the training group for VAS and Oswestry measures, but no significant difference was observed in static balance and the consumed energy (P<0.05).

According to the research findings, it can be concluded that core Stabilization training with Thera-band can be used to improve the pain and functional disability of patients with MLBP.

Human interactive wearable devices are cutting‑edge technologies transforming the health‑care system by allowing comfort, convenience, and continuous patient monitoring. Wheelchair use in spinal cord injury is the best form of mobility. Shoulder pain is often the consequence to increased kinetic demands placed on the upper limb. This paper is an endeavour to determine the effect of shoulder pain on energy expenditure amongst manual wheelchair users with an amalgamation of physiological health parameters and advancement in health monitoring technology.

Forty paraplegics using manual wheelchairs were divided into two groups depending on the presence of shoulder pain. Shoulder pain characteristics were noted using the Wheelchair Users Shoulder Pain Index. Mean heart rate during 6 min propulsion test was determined using the Xiaomi MI fitness band. Physiological Cost Index was established, and the energy expenditure was
then compared.

Shoulder pain was reported maximum during pushing the wheelchair >10 min (80%) and on‑ramps (65%). The energy expenditure showed a statistically significant increase in patients with shoulder pain.

The use of Xiaomi MI fitness band is a straightforward and affordable way to obtain the mean exercise heart rate assisting in estimating the energy expenditure. Shoulder pain significantly increases the energy expenditure among manual wheelchair users, and hence should be addressed before wheelchair use for the prevention of injuries.