جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « hearing impairment » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Hearing impairment is one of the sensory problems in children that affects various aspects of their lives and impacts their social skills (SS) and emotion regulation (ER).Research indicated that active play has a crucial role in children’s social and emotional development. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of group active plays (GAP) on the SS and ER of children with hearing impairment.

This quasi-experimental study involved a pre-test/post-test design with a two-month follow-up. The participants included 7 to 12-year-old boys with hearing impairment enrolled in the deaf-hearing impaired schools (2022-2023). Thirty children were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). The experimental group participated in 12 interventional sessions, while the control group had the regular school program. Both groups completed SS and ER questionnaires (including before and after the intervention, and two months after the intervention [follow-up]). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS software, version 25.

The results of this study indicated a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in SS (P<0.002). GAP also had a significant effect on ER (P<0.001). Moreover, it had a significant effect on liability/negativity which was one of the components of ER (P<0.022).

Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the implemented intervention (GAP) helped to improve SS, ER, and its component (liability/negativity) in children with hearing impairment. Coaches, teachers, and therapists can take steps to enhance SS and ER in children with hearing impairment by implementing GAP.

 Hearing impairment (HI), as the most prevalent sensorineural impairment, can affect both children and their families' quality of life (QOL) by its remarkable consequences, like parental stress (PS). It is a type of stress that parents perceive following their parent-child interactions, alongside the children's mental, physical, or developmental disturbances.

 Considering the significant catastrophic consequences of HI in both children and their families' QOL, the current cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study was conducted to investigate the relationship between PS and QOL among Iranian parents of hearing-impaired children with cochlear implantation (CI) history.

 A total of 80 parents of HI children with CI history participated in the current cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study based on the inclusion criteria and simple random sampling. Therefore, their PS and QOL were evaluated using the "Questionnaire of Clinical and Demographic Information", the "Parenting Stress Index, Fourth Edition Short Form (PSI-4-SF)," and the "36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36)." Eventually, SPSS version 26 was utilized to analyze the obtained data.

 Most of the 80 participants were female (85.0%), housewives (58.8%), and had bachelor's degrees (35.0%). Moreover, PS and QOL in parents of HI children with CI history were relatively low (�- = 67.42, P < 0.05) and relatively satisfactory (�- = 70.12, P < 0.05) respectively. Eventually, there was a significant (P = 0.001) and inverse correlation (r = -0.811) between PS and QOL in parents of HI children with CI history.

 The level of PS in the parents of HI children with CI history had a strong and inverse correlation with their QOL. Also, at the time of the study, the stress level of the parents was relatively low, and their QOL was reported to be relatively satisfactory. Thus, examining the factors affecting PS and QOL will be effective in achieving permanent, stable outcomes.

Studies have shown the high prevalence of dental caries, negligence of oral health, and unmet dental care needs among children with hearing impairment compared to their healthy peers. This study was conducted to determine the barriers to oral health of children with hearing impairment from the perspective of their mothers.

In this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 mothers based on purposive sampling in order to investigate the factors affecting compliance with oral health. Interviews were recorded, handwritten, coded and classified; and for content analysis, Graneheim and Lundman's qualitative approach was used.

As a result of the data analysis, the three main themes of “the effects of general health status, the effects of instruction and learning, and problems in receiving dental health care services” were identified as barriers to good oral health. Moreover, nine sub-themes of “inadequate education regarding oral health, parental insufficient supervision, shortages in dentistry service delivery systems, obstacles hindering mother from pursuing services, lack of guidelines for offering free periodical dental examinations for children with special needs, the impact of improper nutritional habits on oral health, children’s mental problems, unfavorable oral health conditions, and the impact of oral health on the child’s general health" were obtained.

Inadequate education in the field of oral health and difficulties in receiving dental services were identified as the most important factors affecting oral health in children with hearing impairment from their mothers' perspective.

Sand Play Therapy (SPT) is a psychotherapy and nonverbal method used for people with trauma, disabilities, and distress. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of SPT on aggression and emotional adjustment of children with a hearing impairment aged 5–7 years.

In this quasi-experiment study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group, 30 children aged 5–7 years with hearing impairment participated. They were randomly assigned into two groups: control and experimental. The research instruments were Sinha and Singh adjustment questionnaire and the Shahim aggression questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis.

There were statistically significant differences (score decrease) between the two study groups after the SPT in terms of aggression (p<0.05) and the emotional adjustment of children (p<0.05).

The results showed that SPT could decrease aggression and improve emotional adjustment in children with hearing loss. This method can be used to rehabilitate these children.

The unique long-term challenges that families of children with hearing impairment experience put them at greater risk for increasing parental stress levels. This study seeks whether children’s hearing impairment affects their mothers’ emotional and coping styles with stressful situations.

The coping inventory for stressful situations and the maternal emotional styles questionnaire were distributed among 108 mothers of hearing-impaired children and an equal number of mothers of normal children.

In the task-oriented, distraction, and social diversion styles, the mean scores of the mothers of healthy children were significantly higher than those of the mothers of hearing-impaired children. Regarding the emotion-oriented style, the mean score of the mothers of hearing-impaired children was significantly higher than that of the mothers of healthy children. With regard to the emotional coaching style, the mean score of the mothers of healthy children was significantly higher than that of the mothers of hearing-impaired children. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the mean score of emotional dismissing.

It seems that mothers of hearing-impaired children use less effective coping and emotional styles that have adverse consequences for mothers and their children’s development.

We aimed to investigate the demographic situation relating to people with hearing loss in Xinjiang, the largest province in China. The situation may vary between regions and races.

We conducted a population-based demographic study. We analyzed data obtained from 3931 people with hearing impairments (i.e., from the Han or Uyghur ethnic groups) including children and adults. We accounted for the survey design and sampling size in order to ensure that estimates were regionally representative. Basic characteristics were determined, and an ethnic distribution analysis was conducted based on age group, level of educational, marital status, and level of disability.

Of the 3931 participants, 2228 (56.68%) were male and 1703 (43.32%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 46.02 (±19.46) years. Most of the participants (26.20%) were in the 45–59 yr age group. Illiterate people constituted the largest group (34.19%) in the Uyghur population, while a substantial proportion of participants of Han nationality had obtained a junior education (28.98%). The number of unmarried people in both ethnic groups accounted for the highest proportion (more than 70%). Grade 3 was the highest grade observed in the Uyghur population (32.35%), while Grade 1 hearing impairments were the most prevalent in the Han population (28.28%).

The difference in basic characteristics between participants of Uyghur and Han ethnicity revealed that different provinces should set different prevention and control targets. Different policy measures should be taken to allocate medical resources and provide rehabilitation services to assist people with hearing impairments in Xinjiang, China.

Hearing loss may affect many aspects of a person's life. The age of cochlear implantation (CI) is often considered an important predictor of language skills of children with CI, but little is known about the benefits of early CI on speech intelligibility development in these children. This study aimed to compare language skills as well as intelligibility of speech in prelingual deaf patients who received CI before the age of six years and those who received CI after the age of six years with an 8-year follow-up.

This 8-year longitudinal, retrospective case–control study was conducted in 2021 at a cochlear implant center in Tehran, Iran. Thirty-one patients were included in two groups: late cochlear implant (n = 15), and early cochlear implant (n =16). The Test of Language Development- Primary (TOLD-P3) was used to assess the participants 'language skills. The intelligibility of the participants' speech was assessed through the Persian version of the Intelligibility Context Scale (ICS) and the speech intelligibility rating (SIR).

These two groups did not show a significantly difference in terms of the language scores (P>0.05) but had a significantly difference in terms of the SIR and the ICS scores (P<0.05). Speech intelligibility had a significantly negative correlation with the age of CI (P<0.001), and had a significant positive correlation with language skills (P<0.001).

The long-term outcomes of early and late CI were similar in terms of the development of language skills but too different in terms of the intelligibility of speech. The age of CI had no effect on the language development but had a significant effect on speech intelligibility.

More than 6.8% of the world's population suffer from disabling hearing impairment. Hearing impairment can cause lifelong or even life-threatening problems and has a significant impact on the health and quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the current situation of the ear and hearing care (EHC) in the frame of Iran health system.

This situation analysis was performed over a 5-year period (2013-2017) using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis method. First, after formation of the steering committee, all relevant published and unpublished articles and reports were reviewed and analyzed. In the next step, focused group discussion sessions (FGDs) were held with the participation of the experts, stakeholders, and Steering Committee members. Through the scissor-and-sort technique, the relevant data were highlighted and main categories evolved.

The main challenges included inadequate health literacy, weak intrasectoral and intersectoral cooperation, the inadequacy of policy responses, nonintegration of the EHC in the primary health care system, poor standard processes, and resources of EHC, and lack of EHC surveillance system. The 6 major interventions and strategies extracted as identifying the capacities of both the public and private sectors, reinforcement of intersectoral cooperation and intersectoral collaboration, standardizing the processes and integrating of EHC services in the PHC, reorganizing the referral system, promoting hearing health literacy, and minimizing hearing loss risk factors.

Implementing the proposed interventions and strategies is essential to improve the situation of Iran EHC management system during the next 5 years.

Mother-child interaction and spiritual well-being can influence child behavioral disorders by affecting the mother’s mental health. The present study was done to investigate the relationship between mother-child interaction and spiritual well-being and child behavioral disorders with the mediation of mental health in mothers of children with hearing impairment.

The descriptive correlational study used a path analysis. The statistical population included 1580 mothers of children with hearing impairment in Tehran in 2019. The sample size was determined using Morgan’s sample size table. The samples were selected based on stratified random sampling. To collect the required data, 310 questionnaires based on the research variables were provided to the participants and a total of 284 questionnaires were analyzed following the elimination of incomplete questionnaires. The research instruments included the Behavior Disorders Questionnaire, the Child-Parent Interaction Questionnaire, the Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire, and the Mental Health Questionnaire. The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis by AMOS v. 24 software.

The results showed that there was a significant relationship between spiritual well-being and child behavioral disorders (P<0.01), mental health and child behavioral disorders (P<0.01), child-mother interaction and mental health (P<0.01), and spiritual well-being and mental health (P<0.01), but there was no a significant relationship between child-mother interaction and child behavioral disorders (P>0.05). Moreover, indirect paths of child-mother interaction and child behavioral disorders with a mediating role of mental health (P<0.01) and spiritual well-being and child behavioral disorders with a mediating role of mental health were significant (P<0.05).

According to the results of this study, the proposed model had a good fit, and is an important step in identifying the factors affecting the child behavioral disorders of children with hearing impairment.

MusculoSkeletal Disorders (MSDs) are one of the most common problems of students which if not prevented and treated can lead to physical and psychosocial disorders.The aim of this study was to compare MSDs in two groups of students with special needs who suffering from low vision and hearing impairment.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with of 62 students aged between 10-15 years old in Hamadan in 2019-2020 . Of these participants, 32 students living with hearing impairment and 30 students living with low visions. Demographic questionnaires and Nordic musculoskeletal disorders were used to collect data. SPSS software version 23 was used to analyse data through two-sample independent t-test,  chi- square test and logestic regression.

Tottaly 62 students took part in the study. The mean age of Low Vision Students( LVS) and Hearing Impairment Students (HIS) was 12.101.47± and 12.47± 1.64 years respectively. Of all students with low vision 10 individual (33.3%) and of all students with hearing impaiement 10 individuals (31.3%)  were suffering from MSDs. The most MSD affected areas in HIS was lumbar (15.6%) and in LVS was shoulder (16.7%). The results showed that MSDs did not differ significantly between the two groups of LVS and HIS (P> 0.05).

This study showed that at least one-third of LVS and HIS suffered from MSDs.   The need for therapeutic and educational strategies in the field of ergonomics interventional program for health promoting  of these students with special needs should be considered.

Pragmatic skills of language are important for everyday life interactions. It has been proven that cochlear implantation age should be considered, as an important predictor of language skills in children with cochlear implantation (CI), but information about the benefits of early cochlear implantation on pragmatic language development in these children are very few. Thus, this study intends to compare pragmatic skills as well as speech intelligibility in prelingual deaf children who received cochlear implants before the age of 6 years and those who received cochlear implants after the age of 6 years with an 8-year follow-up.

This Retrospective 8-year longitudinal study was conducted in a cochlear implant center in the city of Tehran, Iran, in 2021. Forty-five children were included in two groups: early cochlear implant (n = 17), and early cochlear implant (n = 28). The Persian version of the children's communication checklist (CCC) was used to assess the participants 'pragmatic skills and the Persian version of the Intelligibility Context Scale (ICS) was used to assess the participants' speech intelligibility.

The two study groups did not show a significant difference in terms of pragmatic scores (P>0.05) but had a significant difference in terms of ISC scores (p <0.001). Speech intelligibility had a significant negative relationship with the age of cochlear implantation (r = -0.5, p <0.001) but had no significant correlation with pragmatic skills (P>0.05).

The long-term results of early and late cochlear implants were similar in terms of the development of pragmatic skills but very different in terms of speech intelligibility. The age of cochlear implantation had no effect on the pragmatic of language.

  Sensory processing is an important factor in development and affects the function of the senses in daily living activities. Hearing impairment may lead to some difficulties in sensory processing in children with hearing impairment.

  In this cross-sectional study, the sensory processing of children with hearing impairment and that of their normal hearing peers who were between 3 to 6 years old were compared.

The study population consisted of 60 normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children with hearing aids in Shiraz who were between 3 and 6 years of age. Dunn’s Short Sensory Profile was utilized in both groups. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21, and a p-level of < 0.05 was considered significant.

Independent t-test results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in total sensory processing (p-value = 0.097), touch sensitivity (p-value = 0.043), olfactory and taste sensitivity (p-value = 0.259), movement sensitivity (p-value = 0.079), sensory seeking (p-value = 0.229), hearing processing (p-value = 0.390), low energy and weakness (p-value = 0.916), or hearing and vision sensitivity (p-value = 0.429). The total mean score was 15.28 ± 4.8 for children with hearing aids and 15.28 ± 4.6 for normal-hearing children.

The results of this study showed that the impact of hearing impairment on sensory processing is unperceivable and needs to be addressed through more research However, it does seem that hearing impairment may affect one area of sensory processing.

Expressive language is the most basic and widespread means of communication; children with hearing impairments are one of the largest groups of children with speech and language disorders. Therefore, this study compares the relationship between the development of expressive language and social skills in children with cochlear implants (CIs), hearing aid (HA) users and normal Persian-speaking peers aged five to seven years old.

The present study is a cross-sectional comparative study. 45 children in three groups; normal hearing, CIs and HA users were selected by convenience sampling. The child’s communication and social skills were assessed using Matson and children’s communication checklist (CCC) tests. Through the analysis of a descriptive speech sample of language indicators, the mean length of utterance- morpheme (MLU-m), number of different words (NDW) and the percentage of intelligible utterances (PIU) of the child were obtained and examined. ANOVA test was used to compare the groups and Pearson test was used to examine the correlation between variables.

The mean score of CCC test, PIU and NDW are significantly different in the three groups. MLU and Matson subtests are not significantly different in three groups. Correlation between variables was different in each group.

Communication skills, intelligibility, and lexical diversity are significantly different between normal and hearing- impaired children. MLU and Matson subtests are not significantly different in three groups. The correlation patterns among different subtests of CCC and Matson for children with hearing impairment were different form normal hearing children.