جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « mindfulness therapy » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Premature ejaculation is the most common sexual problem that has many psychological effects on the relationship between spouses. Therefore, the present study aimed the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy, biofeedback and combined method on sexual self-esteem in men with premature ejaculation.

The research method was semi-experimental, pre-test, post-test with a control group. The studied population included all men 30 to 50 years with premature ejaculation who referred to the sexual health clinics in Tehran city in 2022. Among them, 32 men with premature ejaculation were selected based on the inclusion criteria and by accessible sampling method. Then they randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (groups of 8 people each). The sexual self-esteem questionnaire (SSC) was used to pre-test and post-test. The first experimental group received mindfulness intervention in eight 90-minute sessions, the second experimental group received biofeedback intervention in eight 20-minute sessions, and the third experimental group received the combined method (The combination of mindfulness and biofeedback) in eight 90-minute sessions; While the control group was on the waiting list. The data were analyzed using repeated measure of covariance analysis and LSD post hoc test with SPSS. 23.     

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean sexual self-esteem in the experimental and control groups. Also, the findings indicated that the effectiveness of the combined method on sexual self-esteem was more than mindfulness and biofeedback intervention.

According to the results of the present study, the of mindfulness therapy, biofeedback and combined method intervention can increase the sexual self-esteem of men with premature ejaculation. It is suggested that therapists and counselors use these treatments in order to improve the sexual self-esteem of men with premature ejaculation along with other therapeutic interventions.

Premature ejaculation is the most common sexual problem that has many psychological effects on the relationship between spouses. Therefore, the present study aimed the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy, biofeedback and combined method on sexual self-efficacy in men with premature ejaculation.

The research method was semi-experimental, pre-test, post-test with a control group. The studied population included all men 30 to 50 years with premature ejaculation who referred to the sexual health clinics in Tehran city in 2022. Among them, 32 men with premature ejaculation were selected based on the inclusion criteria and by purposive sampling method. Then they randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (groups of 8 people each). The Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale - Erectile Functioning (SSES-E) was used to pre-test and post-test. The first experimental group received mindfulness intervention in eight 90-minute sessions, the second experimental group received biofeedback intervention in eight 20-minute sessions, and the third experimental group received the combined method (The combination of mindfulness and biofeedback) in eight 90-minute sessions; While the control group was on the waiting list. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and LSD post hoc test.     

No statistically significant differences were observed in the demographic variables of the groups. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean sexual self- efficacy in the experimental and control groups. Also, the findings indicated that the effectiveness of the combined method on sexual self- efficacy was more than mindfulness and biofeedback intervention.

According to the results of the present study, the of mindfulness therapy, biofeedback and combined method intervention can increase the sexual self- efficacy of men with premature ejaculation. It is suggested that therapists and counselors use these treatments in order to improve the sexual self- efficacy of men with premature ejaculation along with other therapeutic interventions.

Social anxiety disorder is characterized by the fear of negative evaluation. This psychological construct results in individual’s poor functioning.

The present research aimed to compare the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness therapy on the fear of negative evaluation in individuals with social anxiety disorder.

This quasi-experimental study, with a pretest-posttest control group design, was conducted on a population of individuals with social anxiety symptoms, who were referred to the psychological clinics of Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. Sampling was performed using the convenience sampling method. After initial evaluations, 45 people were randomly divided into three equal groups (two intervention groups and one control group). The CBT protocol proposed by Hoffman and Otto (2008) and the Acceptance and Mindfulness protocol by Fleming and Kukowski (2007) were used to implement the interventions (12 two-hour sessions). The participants also completed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) by Connor et al. (2000) and the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale by Leary (1983) before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed in SPSS-24, using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The results of MANCOVA test showed a significant difference between the scores of the control and experimental groups (P<0.001). Compared to the control group, the fear of negative evaluation reduced in the experimental groups. Although there was no significant difference between the two treatment approaches (P>0.05), the effect of mindfulness treatment was slightly higher than CBT.

In this study, comparison of the two mindfulness and CBT approaches indicated no significant difference between these two methods in reducing the fear of negative evaluation among individuals with social anxiety. Therefore; it is suggested to use acombination of these two methods to reduce the fear of negative evaluation.

Background &

In social anxiety disorder, a person is afraid of the possible scrutiny of others and is worried about doing something that may cause him embarrassment or humiliation (1). One of the important psychological constructs related to social anxiety disorder is rumination (6 and 7). Some results also indicate the indirect effects of rumination on social anxiety (8). Rumination is a maladaptive way to deal with negative emotions that people focus on their negative self-referential thoughts and repeat them in their mind instead of more adaptive processing of their emotions. Rumination and worry are the central core of the cognitive processes of many psychological and functional injuries in people (9). In addition to rumination, another psychological construct related to social anxiety is social self-efficacy (11). Social self-efficacy is based on the concept of self-efficacy in Albert Bandura's theory of social cognitive learning, and it expresses people's estimation of their ability to establish and maintain interpersonal relationships (13). The widespread prevalence of social anxiety, along with the disabilities and problems arising from it and the psychological, emotional and economic costs it imposes on the individual and the society, shows the necessity of addressing the explanatory models and treatment methods of this disorder. Among the treatments that are widely used in the field of reducing negative emotions in people with social anxiety disorder is cognitive behavioral therapy (16 and 17). This treatment reduces physiological arousal in social situations, using Cognitive restructuring, reforming the information processing system and reducing negative thoughts about oneself, tries to reduce negative cognitive components (18). Among the various treatments that were examined, the findings of various researches have considered mindfulness therapy as a useful intervention in people with social anxiety. Correlation results also show that increasing mindfulness is related to reducing social anxiety symptoms and better performance (21). Mindfulness-based treatments aim to reduce negative reactions to cognitive, social, and physical processes, through training the two skills of awareness and acceptance (22). The main emphasis of this treatment is targeted attention, moment by moment and non-judgmental. People are trained to be aware of their thoughts, emotions and physical sensations without any kind of judgment and to accept them (23). In this research, an attempt has been made to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness therapy on negative rumination and social self-efficacy in people with social anxiety disorder.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design, and control group. The research population included all applicants who referred to psychiatric clinics in Shiraz in 2018 with the signs of social anxiety disorder. selected from the aforementioned community based on the cut-off score after being measured with the clinical interview based on DSM_5 and social anxiety scale (Connor et al., 2000). Then, three groups of 15 people were randomly selected, and then two intervention groups (cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness therapy) and a control group were randomly named.
The tools of this study include the social anxiety scale of Connor et al., SPIN, the rumination scale of Hoeksma and Maro (1991): the social self-efficacy scale of Smith and Betz (2000).
Cognitive behavioral therapy based on the model of Hoffman and Otto (2008) was used for cognitive behavioral therapy training, which included 12 2-hour group training sessions and 2 individual training sessions for each client in order to adjust the treatment according to the needs and conditions of each client. For the training of mindfulness therapy, the group therapy protocol based on acceptance and mindfulness of Fleming and Kukowski (2000) was used, which included 12 2-hour group training sessions and 2 individual training sessions for each client in order to adjust the treatment according to the needs and conditions of each client. In order to test the data, multivariate covariance analysis and Benferoni's post hoc test were used.

The results showed that the intervention groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapy significantly reduced negative rumination and increased social self-efficacy compared to the control group; It also shows that cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness did not have different effectiveness in the components of symptom-oriented rumination and antecedent-consequence-oriented rumination. However, in the field of rumination and social self-efficacy, mindfulness therapy has been more effective compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Considering that mindfulness as a lifestyle, consistent with human nature, has the ability to influence people's emotional system, i.e. their thoughts, physical sensations, raw emotions and action impulses, change people's outlook on life and the quality of their relationship with themselves. , others and the world, with compassionate and realistic acceptance. With the help of mindfulness techniques, people learn to observe without judgment and criticism, along with compassion towards themselves and others; By observing stressful and sad thoughts and emotions, they learn to identify negative thought patterns before they become a vicious cycle. Thus, in the long term, mindfulness creates many changes in people's mood and level of happiness and health. It seems that mindfulness techniques improve social self-efficacy. Mindfulness helps people make informed decisions and communicate effectively by increasing psychosocial and interpersonal skills; Develop coping skills and personal management and have a healthy and fruitful life.

At the end of December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, the corona virus disease spread rapidly throughout China. The beginning of 2020 brought a new challenge to mankind, which was the corona virus or the Covid-19 virus, and it became a global health threat. Corona virus disease is caused by severe acute respiratory disease. The acute syndrome of the corona virus is an epidemic that affects all people and Covid-19 has had a serious impact on thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Research demonstrated that mindfulness-based training can effectively relieve the negative psychological consequences of the outbreak of Covid-19 and help restore well-being, especially for the most vulnerable people. Mindfulness has made people better cope with quarantine conditions and the Covid-19 pandemic. Mindfulness training can direct attention to breathing and keep people away from negative emotions such as anxiety, depression and fear during the corona epidemic. Mindfulness is caused that individual recognize gradually their mind and thinking styles which are come regularly and habitually and also other benefits of mindfulness is to increase their patience, appreciating and awareness of their body.  The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness if mindfulness therapy on dysfunctional attitudes, of Covid-19.

For the present quasi-experimental study, which was performed with a pre-test-post-test design, among Covid – 19 patients with an age range of 18 to 60 years who were living in Isfahan city in the year 2020. The statistical sample of the current research consisted of 30 people who recovered from corona disease living in Isfahan city in 2020 and among them 30 people who got corona virus were selected through convenience sampling on the purpose based on the entry criteria and were randomly placed in to two experimental and control groups. In each group, there were 15 people, 9 men and 6 women in the experimental group and 5 men and 10 women in the control group. To collect the data Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (Wiseman and Beck, 1987) was used and the Mindfulness Therapy Program Intervention was applied and the treatment protocol used in the present study consisted of eight 120-minute sessions, which have been studied in various studies according to Kabat-Zinn et al.'s (1990) protocol, and the results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy on ineffective attitudes. Finally, in the current research, in addition to using descriptive indices including frequency, mean and standard deviation, inferential statistics were used to examine hypotheses from univariate covariance analysis using SPSS version 20 software at a significance level of p<0.05 for statistical analysis of data.

The results of ANCOVA analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in ineffective attitudes (P=0.005), in the post-test stage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the mindfulness treatment program has reduced dysfunctional attitudes in the experimental group compared to the control group. The calculated effect size or eta squared value indicates that 26% of the changes in ineffective attitudes scores were due to the effect of the independent variable (implementation of the mindfulness treatment program).

According to the results obtained from the research findings, it can be stated that the hypothesis of the research was confirmed that eight sessions of the treatment of mindfulness has been effective in reducing dysfunctional attitudes of Covid – 19 patients. The current research, like other researches, has limitations, including the method of data collection online and virtual. The limitation of the equal number of demographic information in each group of samples and treatment follow-up can be mentioned as limitations of the research. The age range of 18 to 60 was one of the criteria for entering the research, and the findings of the results cannot be generalized to those under 18 and over 60. In the current research, only the effectiveness of mindfulness has been investigated, so other treatment approaches have not been investigated. Since the present study was conducted using a quasi-experimental study design, it may also be one of the important beginnings for other studies in the future and critical situations. The present study has practical implications for counselors, psychotherapists, educational management and policy makers. In order to confirm or not confirm the long-term effectiveness of the training given in connection with the consequences of Corona, more research should be done by other researchers. It is also suggested that the effectiveness of this treatment approach should be followed up for several months. It is suggested that the effectiveness of mindfulness on other variables such as psychological well-being, quality of life, mental health, spontaneous thoughts, and styles of coping with stress and fear of corona should be done. The results of the research are useful and practical as a non-drug treatment for people in the corona and post-corona period. Therefore, mental health professionals are advised to pay special attention to dysfunctional attitudes and coping strategies and plan to prevent and reduce the complications and risks of dysfunctional attitudes. A variety of face-to-face and online training and treatment programs are recommended by mental health experts to reduce dysfunctional attitudes for healthy people, infected with Corona, and people who have experienced bereavement caused by Corona.  Since there are parts of the country without access to the Internet and mobile phones, and also elderly people may lack the necessary skills to use smartphones, therefore, it is necessary to take appropriate measures along with the observance of health protocols.

Not only can the experience of pain be a factor for drug use, but it can also be a motivation to use drugs again during and after treatment.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy and mindfulness-based therapy on chronic pain in People with drug addiction.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with one-month follow-up. The statistical population included people suffering from drug abuse who referred to addiction treatment clinics in Arak city in 2021. Using available sampling method, 60 people were selected and randomly put/ placed in experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The research tool included the revised McGill Pain Questionnaire (2009). Mindfulness therapy was implemented in 8 sessions (90 minutes each session) and acceptance and commitment based therapy was also implemented in 8 sessions (90 minutes each session). Data were analyzed using SPSS-25 statistical software and covariance analysis.

The results of covariance analysis for chronic pain in the post-test and follow-up phase showed/ demonstrated a significant difference (P=0.001). Both treatments had a significant effect on the improvement of chronic pain, and it is worth noting that this effect was greater for the treatment group for whom the treatment was based on acceptance and commitment (P=0.01).

Treatment based on acceptance and commitment showed more effectiveness in improving chronic pain compared to mindfulness. Therefore, the use of acceptance and commitment-based therapy is recommended to improve chronic pain in people suffering from drug abuse.

Educational stress is a negative psychological condition; with its cognitive and emotional components, threatens students' health.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the solution-focused brief therapy and mindfulness-based therapy to reduce educational stress in junior high school students.

Through the framework of a clinical trial plan with pre-test and post-test and quarterly post hoc test, this study was conducted. In a purposive sampling manner, sixty students; among the first year of junior high school male students in Tehran district 13thin the school year 2019-2020, were selected and then surveyed by Don, Hu and Zhou (2011) Adolescent Educational Stress Scale and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20: control group, solution-focused treatment group and mindfulness treatment group. Then the intervention process was run on the experimental groups and after three months the follow-up test was rerun. The data were analyzed by using SPSS-26 and the covariance analysis and mixed-design analysis of variance tests.

This study brought light on the effectiveness of both treatments methods in reducing educational stress among students, but the mindfulness method (Eta2=0.357) worked better rather the brief solution-focused intervention method(Eta2=0.318) to reduce students' stress (P<0.05).

In regard to use mindfulness therapy primarily, therapists are highly recommended to use both the solution-focused brief intervention and mindfulness therapy to treat the adolescent students with educational stress.

Emotion  regulation  is  a  basic  principle  in  initiating,  evaluating  and  organizing adaptive  behavior,  as  well  as  preventing  the  occurrence  of  unhealthy  emotions and maladaptive behaviors,  and  body image is a  multidimensional structure  that refers  to  a  person's  perception  of  their  body  shape  and  body.  The  aim  of  the present study  was to  compare  the effectiveness of  Mindfulness-based  Cognitive Therapy  (MBCT)  and  Acceptance  and  Commitment  Therapy  (ACT)  on  body image anxiety and emotional self-regulation among housewives. For this purpose, in  a  quasi-experimental  study  with  pre-test,  post-test  and  control  group,  36 housewives were selected by  available  sampling  method  and  randomly  assigned to two  experimental  groups  and  one  control.  The  MBCT  group  and  the  ACT group  participated  in  8  sessions  of  90-minute  treatment.  The groups were evaluated before and after treatment for body image concerns and emotional self-regulation.  Analysis of covariance and Benfroni Post Hoc test showed that MBCT and  ACT  both  reduced  body  image  anxiety  and  increased  emotional  selfregulation   in  housewives.  Of the two therapies, Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) was more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy.

Chronic physiological diseases can cause psychological damage to people with the disease. according to this the present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapyon sleeping quality and pain catastrophizing in the women suffering from osteoporosis in the city of Isfahan.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and a 45-day follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included all female patients with osteoporosis in the city of Isfahan in a period of four months beginning from the third quarter of the year in 2018-19 who referred to private orthopedic clinics. The sample size in the study was 26 patients with osteoporosis who were selected through convenient sampling method and they were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (13 patients in the experimental and 13 in the control groups). The experimental group received ninety-minute therapeutic interventions related to mindfulness during two months once a week while the control group didn’t receive any psychological intervention during the study. Then the people in both groups took the posttest. The follow-up stage was administered after 45 days. The applied instruments included, pain catastrophizing scale (Solivan, et.al, 1995) and Petersbourg sleeping quality questionnaire (Boys, Reynolds, Bermen and Kopfer, 1989). After collecting questionnaires and extracting raw data, data analysis of this study was done via SPSS23 by descriptive statistics and repeated measurements ANOVA.

The results of the study showed that Mindfulness Therapyhas significant effect on sleeping quality (0.77) and pain catastrophizing (0.83) in the women with osteoporosis (p<0.001).

Based on this, we can use mindfulness therapy to improve the sleeping quality and pain catastrophizing in patients with osteoporosis.

Migraine is one of the most important headaches related to health, affecting the quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to study this phenomenon and its treatment methods. Thus, this study aims to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness training and transcranial direct current stimulation on the quality of life of women with migraine headaches.

The present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all women referring to specialized neurology clinics in the west of Tehran in 2020. Among this population, 45 people with migraine were selected as study groups by purposive sampling method. All of them completed the quality of life questionnaire before the interventions. The experimental groups then received mindfulness and TDCS interventions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, all three groups received post-test. After data collection, data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed a significant difference in the quality of life and all its components between the three groups of mindfulness therapy, TDCS, and the control group. This rate was significant for the component of mental health at the level of p < 0.05 and other components and the total quality of life score at the level of p < 0.01. A significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed between the mindfulness group and the control group and between the TDCS group and the control group; however, there was no significant difference between the TDCS group and the mindfulness group in the quality of life variable.

The mindfulness and TDCS therapies are effective in treating migraine headaches, and the knowledge of health professionals about these therapies can be helpful.

Chronic renal failure is a progressive and irreversible loss in kidney function, which results in numerous physical and psychological complications. The complications of hemodialysis treatment causes disruption in patients’ happiness and well-being and therefore leads to depression, anxiety and sometimes suicide attempts. Cognitive emotion regulation strategies are an important part of hemodialysis patients’ lives. Disturbance in emotion and failure in its regulation can cause psychological trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness with memory specificity training (MEST) on cognitive emotion regulation strategies of hemodialysis patients. 

The present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and two-months follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of hemodialysis patients who referred to hemodialysis centers of Tehran city (capital city of Iran) in 2017. In total, 36 individuals were selected using purposive sampling method from the statistical population, and were randomly assigned into three groups: mindfulness therapy group (n=12), MEST group (n=12) and control group (n=12). In order to collect data, the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) developed by Garnowski, for intervention mindfulness therapy (Segal, 2013), memory specify training (Maxwell, 2016) were used. After selecting the sample, mindful and memory specificity training were done for the groups, no training was provided for the control group. After training completion, posttest was performed for the subjects in all three groups. The posttest included the previous questionnaire. Two months after the course completion, patients were asked to complete the same questionnaire again. This was done to track and evaluate the viability of interventions. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software and mixed analysis of variance.

There was a significant difference in cognitive emotion regulation strategies between mindfulness therapy group and MEST group in the port-test stages among hemodialysis patients (p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference in cognitive emotion regulation strategies between mindfulness therapy group and MEST group in the follow up stages among hemodialysis patients (p<0.001).

In the present study, mindfulness therapy and MEST, compared with control group, were more effective for the positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation during the posttest, and the effect was more durable during interventions. Comparison of MEST to mindfulness therapy showed that MEST was more effective than mindfulness therapy for positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation. In order to explain this effectiveness, it can be argued that mindfulness therapy and its techniques target the fundamental beliefs and negative thoughts of self-efficacy in patients. It after making cognitive changes in patients and made aware of his own cognitive and emotional content, allow him to explore more appropriate alternatives and avid automated responses. Furthermore, in MEST and its techniques, by challenging the memory, irrational thoughts and beliefs about the chronic illness with depression, anxiety and emotional disorders caused by incurable renal therapy, by reducing over general memory, increases the ability of solving social problems in individuals and prevent negative social interactions. It also leads to increased sense of hope in patients by influencing on future visualization capabilities. This therapy prevents rumination as well. It also reduces the psychological disorders in patients by experimenting with negative memories and the resultant negative emotions. Being exposed to distressing memories and emotions, even if they cause worries and unpleasantness for a short period of time, has long-term benefits for an individual’s mental health. According to the findings of this study, it can be deduced that MEST is more effective than mindfulness therapy and control group in improving cognitive emotion regulation and this therapy is more durable, this durability is due to easier treatment and faster training for patients as well as shorter duration of intervention sessions.

Depressed female students suffer many problems such as social anxiety and poor communication skills. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive directed mindfulness therapy(PDMT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) on social anxiety and communication skills of female students with depression. This was a semi-experimental study with pretest and posttest stages which applied on four groups. Based on criteria of entry and exit; from three-hundred, lower secondary school depressed female students in Nain 2017; sixty persons were selected and randomly assigned in three therapeutic and a control groups; fifteen people per groups. For measuring the dependent variables; social anxiety and communication skills questionnaires where applied in the pretest and posttest stages. Three groups of positive directed mindfulness therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy received twelve sessions of therapy; while the control group did not receive any. Then data were analyzed by analysis of multivariate analysis of covariance.  After controlling four groups with pretest; the results of posttest showed that there is a significant difference in social anxiety and communication skills of the positively directed mindfulness, mindfulness-based cognitive, and cognitive-behavioral therapy groups and the control group.(p<0.001) Also, there is a significant difference between positive directed mindfulness therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy in communication skills.  The findings of this research showed that positive directed mindfulness therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy are an effective treatment to decrease social anxiety and increase of communication skills of female students with depression. However positive directed mindfulness therapy can be used to reduce the social anxiety of these students more than other therapies.

Aggression and low level of mood states are the problems which female students with depression suffer from them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of Positive Mindfulness Therapy (PMT), Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on aggression and mood states in female students with depression.  The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Out of 300 female high school students in Nain City in 2017, 60 participants were selected using purposeful method based on entry and exit criteria and randomly assigned into four groups (control, PMT, MBCT and CBT). To measure the dependent variables, the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) and Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) were used. The group of PMT, MBCT and CBT received 12 sessions of treatment and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed with the use of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Based on the results of ANCOVA, all three treatments had a significant effect on decrease of aggression and increase of mood states (p<0.01). Also, the effect of PMT was more than MBCT and CBT on reducing aggression (p<0.01), but the effect of three types of treatment on mood states was similar (p>0.05). Considering the more powerful effect of PMT compared to other two treatments in decreasing aggression and with the equal effects of three types of treatment on mood states, the use of these treatments is suggested for girl students with depression.

One of the most common sleep disorders is insomnia, which if untreated, can lead to functional damage in various aspects of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness therapy on sleep quality and mental health of women with chronic insomnia.
This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group. Using convenience sampling method, 20 persons were selected among women admitted to psychiatric clinic of Taft city. The study tools included GHQ questionnaire and Petersburg sleep quality questionnaire. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of mindfulness-based training for two months. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS 20.
The obtained results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy in the quality of sleep (p=0.042) and mental health (p =0.007) in patients with insomnia disorder.
According to the findings, it seems that mindfulness therapy can be used alongside drug therapy for people with chronic insomnia disorders although it needs to be further studied.