جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « perceived stress » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Mothers of attention deficit/hyperactive children have many psychological problems in interacting with their children. Therefore, their psychological problems should be taken into account and resolved. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of parental management training (PMT) on perceived stress and life satisfaction in mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactive.

The method of this study was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group design. The study population included all mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactive in girls' primary schools in Tabriz during the 2022-2023. A total of 30 people were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control (15 people each). The experimental group received 9 specific training sessions of 1.5 hours each. However, the control group did not receive any training. The measurement tools included Cohen's (1983) perceived stress and Diener (1985) life satisfaction questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance with repeated measures and using the SPSS-24 statistical software.

In the pretest, the mean and standard deviation of the experimental and control groups for perceived stress were (26.47±2.61) and (27.13±2.06), and for life satisfaction were (134.20±3.24) and (133.73±3.94), respectively (p>0.05). Compared with the control group, in the post-test, PMT resulted in a decrease in perceived stress and an increase in life satisfaction (p<0.001). In the follow-up phase, the effect of PMT on perceived stress and life satisfaction were long-lasting (p<0.001).

It appears that parental management training could reduce perceived stress and increase life satisfaction in mothers of attention deficit/hyperactive children. Therefore, it may probably be a useful training strategy to improve the psychological state of these mothers

Sexual relationship between couples is an important aspect, with one of its most crucial functions being the creation of intimacy and strengthening emotional relationships between spouses. The present study aimed to determine the moderating role of marital intimacy in the relationship between perceived stress and sexual function of men.

This is a descriptive-correlation study in which structural equation modeling method is used. The statistical population included Iranian married men aged 25 to 45 residing in Tehran and Isfahan Provinces in 2023 who had been living together for at least one year. Among them, a total of 204 individuals were selected using convenience sampling method. In this study, tools such as the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, Rosen’s Male Sexual Function Questionnaire, and Walker & Thompson’s Intimacy Questionnaire were used. The data was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test and path analysis, and with the use of a moderation model.

The findings indicated a significant negative relationship between perceived stress and sexual function of men (β=-0.45, p<0.001). Additionally, marital intimacy showed a significant positive relationship with sexual function of men (β=0.53, p<0.001). Ultimately, marital intimacy played a moderating role in the relationship between perceived stress and sexual function of men (β=0.31, p<0.001).

Based on the findings of the current research, it can be concluded that perceived stresses have undesirable effects such as reducing sexual function in the relationship between spouses, and considering psychological variables such as marital intimacy can be effective in education and therapy.

With the spread of COVID-19 around the world, governments were forced to close scientific institutions and universities to control the spread of the disease, so these factors required them to use virtual education in an unprecedented way. Increasing the use of this type of education caused an increase in stress among students and somehow affected their academic motivation. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the comparison of perceived stress and academic motivation of students under virtual education in different fields of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences.

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted from 2020 to 2021 at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences among 300 students. To collect information, three demographic questionnaires, Cohen's perceived stress and, Harter's academic motivation were used, which were collected virtually and analyzed with the help of SPSS 22 software.

(70.2%) of students had a high level of academic motivation and (83.4%) reported a high level of perceived stress. Pharmacy students had the highest medical students had the lowest level of perceived stress, and dental and medical students had the highest and lowest levels of academic motivation, respectively.

According to the results of this study, most of the students under virtual education had experienced severe perceived stress, and high academic motivation.Therefore, by making appropriate decisions and planning, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of psychological disorders caused by high stress as well as the educational pressure of students and increase the quality of their learning.

In order to achieve the development of health in the world, the role of women should be paid attention to, especially during youth and pregnancy. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of comparing self-compassion, acceptance and action and perceived stress in pregnant and non-pregnant women aged 18 to 30 in Qom city.

The present research method was descriptive-comparative. The statistical population included all pregnant and non-pregnant women aged 18-30 who lived in Qom city in 2022. The research sample consisted of 185 people who were selected by the convenience method. Data collection instruments included demographic questionnaire, "Self-Compassion Scale", "Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II" and "Perceived Stress Scale". The validity of the tools was limited to previous researches. The reliability of the instruments was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data collection was done from clients present in the clinics and offices of obstetricians and gynecologists in Qom city. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS. 26.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance and t-test showed that there is no significant difference between self-compassion and acceptance and action of pregnant and non-pregnant women, but there is a difference between the perceived stress of pregnant and non-pregnant women in the subscale of positive perception of tension. It is significant at the error level of 0.05.

The positive perception of tension in pregnant women is more than that of non-pregnant women. Therefore, therapists and counselors are suggested to conduct training courses to increase the positive perception of tension for young non-pregnant women.

The outbreak of Covid-19 is a major health crisis that has changed the lifestyles of many people around the world. There is widespread concern about the impact of Covid-19 and its associated limitations on mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of online yoga and mindfulness training on perceived stress and resilience of young females during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample consisted of 70 young women (27.64 ± 6.45 years) who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (35 subjects in each group). The experimental group performed 21 sessions of yoga practice and mindfulness for 21 consecutive days. Both groups were assessed using the Cohen et al. (1983) Perceived Stress and Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Scales in both pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using SPSS25 with multivariate analysis of covariance at the significant level of P ≥ 0.05.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the post-test scores of the two groups with a decrease in perceived stress and an increase in resilience in the experimental group. However, in the control group, a slight increase and decrease in stress and resilience were observed in the post-test, respectively, which was not significant (P =0.001).

Developing online yoga and mindfulness -based intervention programs seems to help reduce stress and increase resilience in young females in stressful situations.

 Breast cancer is the third most common cancer in the world, the most common cancer among women, and the second cause of cancer-related death among them.The present study aimed to predict the meaning of life based on the sense of coherence and defense mechanisms with the mediation of perceived stress in women with breast cancer in Qazvin.

The present research was conducted based on a descriptive-analytical design. The statistical population included all women with breast cancer in Qazvin in 2023 (n=200). From this population, 126 cases were selected using Morgan's table and available sampling. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 26) and SmartPLS (version 3.0.1) software packages using structural equation modeling.

An inverse and significant relationship was detected between sense of coherence and  perceived stress (P=0.006; r= -0.478), defense mechanisms and perceived stress (P=0.015; r= -0.458), and perceived stress and the meaning of life (P=0.044; r= -0.414. Moreover,  defense mechanisms had a direct and significant correlation with the meaning of life (P=0.005; r=  0.608). Perceived stress had a significant mediating role with (P=0.032; r=0.198) on the relationship between the sense of coherence and the meaning of life. Furthermore, perceived stress palyed a mediating role in the relationship between defense mechanisms and the meaning of life (P=0.040; r= 0.190).

As evidenced by the results of this research, an increase in perceived stress causes a decrease in the sense of coherence, an increase in incompatible defense mechanisms, and a decrease in the meaning of life. According to the proposed model, it is possible to improve the meaning of life in patients by controlling their level of perceived stress by increasing the sense of coherence and defense mechanisms. It is suggested to provide psychological services to control perceived stress and inconsistent defense mechanisms.

Background & Aims :

During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses working in psychiatric departments were also involved, which affected their mental health. The present study aims to determine the effect of psychological immunization on perceived stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19 in nurses working in the psychiatry department of a hospital in Zahedan, Iran.

Materials & Methods:

 This is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted from February to June 2022. Participants were 50 nurses from the psychiatry department of Baharan Hospital in Zahedan city who were selected by a census method, and were assigned to intervention and control groups. Data collection tools included a demographic form, the perceived stress scale, and the corona disease anxiety scale. The psychological immunization was provided in two four-hour workshops. Data analysis was done in SPSS software, version 16 using mean, standard deviation and chi-square test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and Fisher’s exact test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results :

Most of the nurses had an infection with COVID-19 and were vaccinated. The mean and score of anxiety decreased from 11.96±10.05 to 8.12±6.92 in the intervention group (P=0.004) and decreased from 11.84±10.26 to 8.40±6.51 in the control group (P=0.07). The mean score of perceived stress changed from 27.45±5.56 to 27.20±4.20 after intervention in the intervention group (P=0.8) and from 27.48±4.71 to 28.32±4.87 in the control group (P=0.43).

Conclusion:

 The psychological immunization program has no significant effect on anxiety and stress caused by COVID-19 in nurses of psychiatric departments in Zahedan, Iran. It is recommended that psychiatric hospital managers should pay attention to the psychological problems of nurses at the beginning of the pandemic.

Vitiligo is a complex skin disorder that manifests itself with colorless spots caused by the destruction of melanocytes and causes psychological disorders in patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of perceived stress in vitiligo patients compared to the control group.

This case-control study was conducted in Razi Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences from August 2020 to February 2021. 87 vitiligo patients with definite diagnosis (case group) and 130 patients with other skin diseases not related to psychosomatic factors (control group) were selected via convenience sampling and compared with each other in terms of the level of current perceived stress. In this study, the perceived stress was the dependent variable, the clinical type of the disease and the location of the lesion were the independent variables, and the demographic characteristics of the patients were the background variables. The data were collected and compared using a standard questionnaire of perceived stress in which the range of scores is between 0 and 40.

The average perceived stress in vitiligo patients (19.17±6.24) was higher than other skin patients (16.75±6.96), which was significant by controlling the effect of background variables (Coef.=1.98, CI=0.21-3.75, p=0.02). There was no significant relationship between perceived stress and clinical type and duration of vitiligo. Only the occurrence of genital lesions was related to stress experience (p=0.01). Moreover, with the increase in the level of education, the level of stress in patients decreased (p=0.01).

According to the findings of the present study, suffering from vitiligo can lead to increased stress in patients. Since stress leads to negative effects on resilience and the quantity and quality of the treatment period in various diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to the significance of counseling and psychological support in the treatment plan of vitiligo patients.

The increase in the elderly population in the country, along with various problems that threaten their physical and mental health, has led to inappropriate emotional reactions and stress-causing factors such as reducing resilience and intensifying stress in the elderly community. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on resilience and perceived stress in elderly residents in nursing homes. The present research method was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the elderly living in Kermanshah nursing home in 1402, among which 30 people were randomly selected into two alternatives experimental and control groups with the available sampling method and according to the criteria for entering and exiting the study. Became the content of the therapy sessions was taken from the perspective of Segal et al. (2016). The research participants responded to the Connor and Davidson (2003) resilience questionnaire and the Cohen et al. (1983) perceived stress questionnaire. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-26 software. The results showed that the experimental group was significantly different from the control group in terms of both resilience and perceived stress variables. In other words, stress reduction treatment based on mindfulness improved resilience and reduced perceived stress in the elderly (P<0.05). According to the results of the present study, therapists can use mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy for health-related interventions, especially to improve resilience and reduce perceived stress.

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of self-compassion training on the perceived stress and psychological coherence in elderly caregivers.

 Materials and Methods:

 It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design and Two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study was made up of elderly caregivers of centers under the supervision of the Ministry of Health in Tehran in 2022. 36 elderly caregiver were selected through available sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received ten sessions of self-compassion training during two-and-a-half-months. The applied questionnaires in this study included Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, Mermelstein, 1983) and Psychological Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (Flensborg, Ventegodt, Merrick, 2006). The collected data were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software.

Results:

 The results showed that self-compassion training has significant effect on the perceived stress and psychological coherence in elderly caregivers.

According to the findings of the study it can be concluded that self-compassion training can be used as an efficient method to decrease the perceived stress and increase psychological coherence in elderly caregivers through focusing on the method of Visualizing compassion for self and others, using creative helplessness, articulating worthwhile goals, fostering compassionate behaviors, and developing intelligent behaviors.

Considering the importance of treating the global pandemic diseases and the important role of nurses and their psychological issues, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (MCBT) on nurses' rumination and perceived stress in the COVID-19 wards.

Methods :

This is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a Control group design. The study population consisted of all the nurses of Shahid Beheshti and Shahid Yahyanejhad hospitals in Babol city in 2021. Thirty nurses were included through convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two equal intervention and control groups. The Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of the experimental group was conducted in 10 sessions of 90 minutes each time. The questionnaires for both groups were completed in three stages, before the intervention, 1 day after the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. The Rumination Scale designed by Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow (1991), and the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (1983) were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analysis of covariance at the 0.05 significance level.

The results showed that Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy had a significant effect on rumination (F=33.491) and perceived stress (F=24.186) among nurses in the COVID-19 wards (p<0.01). Based on the results, the cognitive-behavioral therapy of a processing unit has been significantly effective in rumination (F=33.491) and perceptual stress (F=24.186) in nurses during the Covid-19 crisis (p<0.01).

According to the results of this study, Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy had a positive effect on reducing rumination and perceived stress. Therefore, it is suggested that the health consultants and planners can extend the Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy-based interventions on to increase the nurses’ awareness of perceived stress

Attachment styles play an important role in personality development and ability of individuals to regulate emotions, coping with stressful situations and how to respond to threatening conditions. Previous studies have also shown an association between insecure attachment styles and disease and illness progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of attachment styles in the relationship between perceived stress and hypertension in patients with hypertension.

The present study was a descriptive correlational research method that was conducted in 2020. The samples included 350 patients with hypertension referred to Imam Reza, Valiasr and Razi hospitals in Birjand who were included in the study by simple random sampling. Data were collected using demographic information form, childhood attachment to each parent scale and perceived stress scale by interview method. Also, blood pressure was measured with a standard hand sphygmomanometer in the same way for all patients. In order to investigate the causal relationships between the variables, the structural equation modeling method was used with AMOS software.

The results showed that with the presence of insecure attachment mediator variable, there was a significant relationship between perceived stress and blood pressure (p<0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between perceived stress and blood pressure without the presence of the mediator.

Parents' insecure attachment styles act as mediator in the relationship between perceived stress and hypertension. Screening patients with high blood pressure in terms of attachment styles and planning to include this concept in related programs and interventions can help control blood pressure in stressful situations

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotion regulation training with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on perceived stress and self-compassion in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

This research was a semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The study population was those female patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome in Ilam city who visited the private practice of internal medicine specialists in 2018-2019. Based on this, 60 people were selected using a non-random sampling method and after matching, they were assigned to three groups (20 people under emotion regulation training, 20 people under cognitive therapy-based mindfulness, and 20 people in the control group). First, in the pre-test stage, the perceived stress and self-compassion questionnaires were used to measure the research variables. Then, two experimental groups were placed in the order of emotion regulation training and cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness. the training, the post-test was conducted. Statistical analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data.

Emotion regulation training as well as cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness has an effect on people's perceived stress and self-compassion and its components. cognitive therapy based on mindfulness has had a greater impact on people's perceived stress and self-compassion and its components compared to emotional regulation training.

According to the research findings, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness can be used as an effective method to reduce perceived stress and increase self-compassion in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Psoriasis is one of the physical and mental diseases that psychological factors have a significant impact on its severity. Modifying behavioral and psychological patterns can be an important step in controlling and reducing this disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy and emotional therapy schematics on perceived stress and distress tolerance of women undergoing drug therapy with psoriasis in Ahvaz.

The field semi-experimental study method of the pre-test type-then the multi-group test. The statistical community of this study includes all female patients with psoriasis in Ahvaz, who were targeted sampling methods to choose a sample, in the form of religion, which was first obtained and contacted during a call with the Psoriasis Association of Iran, the list of female patients with psoriasis who live in Ahvaz, along with their contact number. Of the 127 female patients nominated, only 100 announced their readiness to select a research sample, and all 100 patients were sent online questionnaires on perceived stress and distress tolerance. Finally, 70 qualified female patients (patients who scored a high score of 28 on perceived stress questionnaires and a low score of 29 to endure distress) were selected, 10 of whom were later reluctant to participate. Eventually 60 women with psoriasis are considered as samples, with 20 in the first experimental group, 20 in the second experimental group and 20 in the witness group being randomly simplified. Research tools included Cohen et al. ' s perceived stress questionnaire (1983 and Simmons & Gahr's distress tolerance scale (2005). The data were examined using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and one-variable covariance analysis (ANCOVA).

Results showed that both treatments had an effect on perceived stress and distress tolerance of women undergoing drug therapy with psoriasis (P<0.05). On the other hand, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy based on perceived stress and distress tolerance of women undergoing drug therapy with psoriasis has been more effective than emotional therapy schematics (P<0.05).

According to the results of the present study, mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention can be more efficient to improve perceived stress and tolerate distress in women with psoriasis. Therefore, it is recommended that psychotherapists use this treatment to improve perceived stress and tolerate distress in psoriasis patients alongside other therapeutic interventions.

Due to the importance of resilience and stress control in the direction of faster recovery of patients with covid-19, as well as the role of teaching comprehensive national recipes in reducing complications caused by this disease, in this research, an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of comprehensive instruction National covid-19 tests on the perceived stress level and the level of resilience of patients with this disease.

This research was conducted in a quasi-experimental way in two groups of cases and controls, the selection of people was done by simple random method, and the training was provided by telephone conversation and using social networks. Information was collected through questionnaires that included demographic information and two questionnaires on resilience and perceived stress.

Results showed that the size of the effect of training comprehensive national guidelines on resilience and reducing perceived stress is 56%. The significance level for both variables of resilience and perceived stress is less than 0.05, which indicates the difference between the post-test and pre-test conditions in the intervention group.

The teaching of comprehensive national guidelines for covid-19 had an effect on the level of perceived stress and reduces it and increases the resilience of patients with covid-19.