جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سبب شناسی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a heterogeneous group of tumor predisposition syndromes that lead to malignancy in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), along with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and schwannomatosis (SCH), are the three main types of NF. As the most common form, NF1 is characterized by neurofibromas and Cafe-au-lait macules (CALMs) in early childhood. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, which codes for neurofibromin, and mutations in NF2 and SMARCB1 gene lead to neurofibromatosis type 2 and schwannomatosis, respectively. In addition, most patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 have vestibular schwannoma, also associated with hearing problems and body imbalance. Recently, schwannomatosis has been proposed as a distinct genetic disorder because it shares many symptoms with neurofibromatosis types one and two, characterized by benign schwannoma around nerves. NF1 and NF2 may show symptoms in childhood, but schwannomatosis is often diagnosed in people in their thirties or older. This article reviews the latest scientific literature according to the keywords of neurofibromatosis, pathogenesis, treatment, NF1, and NF2 in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science online databases on the types of neurofibromatosis, molecular pathways, diagnostic criteria, clinical symptoms, condition management, treatments and drugs under development.

A better understanding of the female sexual interest disorder and its more effective treatment by examining the views of experts in this field provides many clues for discovery out what this disorder is and what is required to cure The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing the psychopayhology and the treatment female sexual interest - arousal disorder from the viewpoint of iranian experts .

The research method was qualitative based on the grounded theory the participants included 20 experts and therapists on sexual disorders who were selected by purpose-based method and according to the law of data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from sampled individuals. In the analysis of data, a colaizzi seven-step cluster pattern was used. Data coding was performed in three sections of open, axial and selective coding.

According to the results , experts ' views include 2 central categories of etiology with main themes ( developmental analysis of the problem , marital pathology , spouse sexual problems , women's sexual problems , psychological issues , dysfunctional lifestyle ) and treatment strategies with main themes ( individual strategies , Pair strategies ) were obtained

female sexual interest disorder is a multidimensional disorder that affects different areas of a person's life and has significant negative consequences on the performance and quality of married life. Therefore, it is necessary for experts in the field of sexual health to use the results of new and up-to-date researches to better understand the underlying causes and effective treatment strategies in the treatment of this disorder.

Respiratory infections due to their high and fast prevalence and dissemination, have great importance and can play a very important role in the mortality of children and adults.Colds are the most common infectious disease of the respiratory system and although the disease itself is limited, it can cause secondary bacterial infections. The  aim of this study is to investigate some of the natural causes of respiratory infections from the perspective of Quranic verses and the narrations of the Infallible imams (peace be upon to them).

The present study is a descriptive analytical method with library and software extraction that examines the verses of the Holy Quran and the hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) and related scientific articles.

Scientific research shows that the three natural reasons that cause colds are: low temperature, mental stress and food deprivation that affects the airways, nose and throat and make people more susceptible to viral infections by affecting the immune system. Accordingly, three factors climate change, stress and nutritional needs are reviewed as factors predisposing the body to respiratory infections and compared with a comparative look at the verses and hadiths of the Infallible (peace be upon them).

It seems that no drug has been discovered for the treatment of colds so far and the drugs prescribed by the doctor have a symptomatic and palliative treatment, in fact the main job is done by the immune system.This is why we recover spontaneously after a few days, but since colds have serious side effects, we can use these strategies along with other preventative measures to prevent recurrent colds and serious complications afterwards.

Background and Purpose:

Anemia presents with deficiency in red blood cells or a decrease in hemoglobin. About a third of the world's populations suffer from anemia, so it is very common and places a heavy economic burden on the health system. There are different types of anemia depending on the cause. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of anemia in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) and compare it with conventional medicine.

In this review study, the causes of anemia were searched in reliable sources of TPM from the fourth to the thirteenth century AH, including Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb, Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb, Zakhireye Khwarazmshahi and Iksir-i Azam with keywords Ghellat-od dam and anemia. Scientific databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and PubMed were also queried with the keyword anemia.

Numerous causes have been suggested for anemia or Ghellat-od dam in TPM resources. These include bad eating and drinking habits, various types of stomach and liver dystemperaments (Su-e Mizaj), bleeding from menstruation or puerperium or dysentery. In conventional medicine, the causes of anemia include poor nutrition, gastrointestinal disorders, liver disease, bleeding and chronic diseases.

The causes of anemia in TPM are very similar to the causes of anemia from the perspective of conventional medicine. Early identification and correction of the causes of anemia, including diet, stomach and liver problems, can help prevent anemia.

Addiction is a physical, mental and social illness. Substance abuse imposes a huge cost on society and its social, psychological, health-treatment and economic burden is always borne by the society. The rise of drug addiction, especially psychotropic substances, among women in society is growing rapidly. During the years 2012 to 2016, the growth of addiction in women has been three times higher than men.

This study was designed and conducted with the aim of determining some factors related to the use of psychoactive substances in women referring to addiction treatment centers in Abadan and Ahvaz in 2018.

This study was a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study. Among the women referring to addiction treatment centers in Abadan and Ahvaz cities and the addiction ward of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz in 2018, 387 women were selected and examined by available sampling according to the characteristics of inclusion in the study. The questionnaire used in this study was taken from the scale of causes of tendency to drug abuse Mohammadi et al. (2013). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation as well as frequency analysis of multiple responses to determine the factors that had the most impact. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Significant level was considered less than 0.05.

40% of the women were 20-30 years old. 63.3% were married, 75.7% were unemployed or housewives and 40.8% had a diploma. Also, 54.7% of them used crystal) Methamphetamine (. The results showed that aimlessness in life was the most effective and academic failures as the least effective individual factor, lack of love in family emotional relationships as the most effective and divorce and parental separation as the least effective family factor, abundance of drugs and availability in the environment as the most effective The presence of addicted students in schools is mentioned as the least effective social factor and in terms of cultural factors, living in polluted neighborhoods is mentioned as the most effective and the lack of cultural centers as the least effective factor is the tendency of women to use drugs.

According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that there are various factors in womenchr('39')s tendency to addiction that knowledge and attention to them in the prevention and treatment of womenchr('39')s addiction in society plays an important role.

Insomnia is a prevalent health problem characterized by difficulties in sleep initiation, sleep maintenance, or early morning awakenings. In comparison to other sleep disorders, research on etiology of insomnia is in its early stages. The aim of the current study was a brief review of the most important cognitive and behavioral models of insomnia and their therapeutic implications.

Several behavioral and cognitive models of insomnia tend to focus on different aspects as the start point of the process. Although each model provides a unique perspective of the insomnia, they best viewed as complementary rather than mutually exclusive. These models can be used to guide planning effective treatments for chronic insomnia.

Although different models of insomnia present a better understanding of the complex and multidimensional nature of the disorder, each one of the models has its specific strengths and weaknesses. A comprehensive model incorporates core components of existing models into one model is warranted.

Preeclampsia is one of the three main causes of death in pregnant women. The medical condition is identified by hypertension and proteinuria with serious effects on the health of mother and the fetus. There seems to be no precise methods to diagnose preeclampsia at its onset. This study was done to evaluate the simultaneous measurement of some variables thought to be responsible in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia for predicting or screening those at risk.

In this study, 466 primiparas were selected randomly among the bulk of pregnant women who attended Maryam Hospital for prenatal care in Tehran, Iran during 2007-2008. The subjects had no history of chronic health conditions and regularly took Iron supplements. The predictive variables included age, job, education, income, number of pervious marriages, BMI during the first trimester of pregnancy, age at the time of recruitment for the study, changes in hematocrit concentration at the beginning and the 24th to 28th weeks of pregnancy, blood pressure and roll-over test during 28th to 32nd week of gestation but the onset of preeclampsia was considered as a dependent variable. For analyzing the overall effects of the mentioned variables on prediction of the disease, multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed and ROC curves were used for determining a suitable cut-off point for determining the sensitivity and specificity of the model.

The prevalence of preeclampsia was 6.4% (95% CI: 4.2-8.6). Variables such as positive roll-over test, fulfillment of university education, marriage more than once, high blood pressure during the 24th-28th weeks of gestation, being a housekeeper, satisfaction with income, positive roll over test at a late stage of gestation and increase in BMI raised the risk of preeclampsia 8.61, 7.98, 2.65, 1.84, 1.56, 1.28, 1.21 and 1.11 times respectively. The proposed logistic regression model had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 76% regarding the inclusion of all the mentioned variables.

Regarding the serious complications and negative effects of preeclampsia on both the mother and the fetus and the high sensitivity of this logistic regression model and imposition of no costs on the person for the measurement of the variables, this model seems to be suitable for the screening of preeclampsia.

The growing evidence of neurodevelopmental basis to schizophrenia has focused attention on the prenatal development of individuals who later develop the illness. Some previous studies carried out about cephalometry of schizophrenic adult patients showed different findings. This study aimed to compare cephalometric indices of schizophrenic patients with normal population.

In the current case-control study, we compared cephalometric indices of 195 schizophrenic patients with those of 198 normal comparison people who were matched for age, sex, height, weight and social status.

The results demonstrated a significant difference between the two groups. The frequency of hyperbrachycephaly in schizophrenic group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05, X2 = 17.65), but this difference existed only between schizophrenic males and control males(P < 0.05, X2 = 14.42).

Hyperbrachycephaly typically results from early closure of coronal suture. In general, the findings attract the attention toward the role of biologic and genetic factors in etiology of schizophrenia.